CN1453944A - A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network and its connection method - Google Patents

Abstract

A Passive Optical Network (PON) connected to an IP network includes an Optical Line Terminator (OLT) connected to a plurality of Optical Network Units (ONUs), an upstream stream frame transmitting data from one of the ONUs to the OLT, the upstream stream frame including a preamble indicating to the OLT that the upstream stream frame, a start frame, a header indicating the ONU that sent the frame, a time stamp, a scramble key performing scrambling for the PON, a dedicated channel carrying data to the OLT, a voice TDM channel, a VoIP channel, a data packet channel, and a termination frame delimiter indicating the end of the frame; in downstream streaming, the PON includes downstream frames that send data from the OLT to the ONUs, as well as preambles, start frame delimiters, headers, timing markers, scrambling controls, data packet channels, and end frame delimiters. By means of the upstream and downstream data frame formats according to the invention, a data transmission network for an IP-based fiber optic network, in particular a PON, is achieved more efficiently and advantageously.

Description

A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network and its connection method

technical field

The present invention relates to an optical fiber network, in particular to a passive optical network (Passive Optical Network; PON) connected to an IP network and a connection method thereof.

Background technique

PON is a fiber optic communication system that uses passive optical components, such as optical splitters and optical couplers, to transmit optical signals from the central office to the user end, and also from the user end to the central office. The PON includes an optical line terminal (OLT), which is installed in a central office or a cable headend. The OLT can be connected to multiple Optical Network Units (ONUs) at the same time, and the ONUs are generally installed at the user end. Due to the reduction in the number of active components, PONs can increase functionality and become more cost-effective in operation and maintenance.

An OLT can be connected with multiple ONUs to form a tree, bus or ring architecture. FIG. 1 is a diagram generally showing a ring structure connection diagram of a PON having an OLT 11 and ONUs 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 and 115 . FIG. 2 is a diagram generally showing a PON having a tree structure connection diagram of an OLT 21 and ONUs 211 , 212 , 213 , 214 and 215 . FIG. 3 is a general diagram showing the connection of the bus structure of the PON with the OLT 31 and the ONUs 311 , 312 , 313 , 314 and 315 . When data is sent from the ONU to the OLT, it is transmitted upstream. When data is sent from the OLT to the ONU, it is transmitted downstream. The OLT can also be connected to other networks, such as networks 110, 210 and 310, such as another optical network or non-optical network, respectively.

The performance of fiber optic networks in delivering information (such as broadband voice, data, and video services to end users) can also be extended to non-fiber optic networks, such as the Internet or IP-based applications. IP is the Internet Protocol and is widely used. The format of the IP specification packet and the related address structure. Packet is the transmission of a piece of information over a packet-switched network (such as an IP network). The packets contain data in addition to the destination address, and each packet is sent individually (possibly along different routes) to the corresponding destination.

Therefore, there is a general need to enable data frames (a frame is a packet of information to be transmitted) of a unified optical fiber network to be transmitted on an IP-based network, such as the Internet. In essence, there is a need in this technology to make the data frames of PON consistent with the data transmission in IP applications.

Contents of the invention

A PON connected to an IP network includes an OLT connected to multiple ONUs. The present invention provides an upstream stream frame to send data from the ONU in the system to the OLT. The upstream stream frame includes an upstream stream preamble to inform the OLT of the upstream stream. Frame, upstream start frame delimiter (Start Frame Delimiter; SFD) indicates the beginning of the upstream frame, the upstream header (header) specifies the ONU sending the upstream frame, and the upstream time measurement mark (ranging time stamp) Respond to the timing clock sent from the OLT, the churning key (churning key) performs jamming for the PON, the leased channel transmits data to the OLT, and the voice time division multiplexing (Time Division Multiplexing; TDM) channel transmission Local call (local call) voice data to OLT, Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel to transmit long-distance call voice data to IP network, data packet channel to transmit data packets to IP network and upstream end frame delimiter (EndFrame Delimiter; EFD) indicates the end of the upstream frame.

In downstream, PON includes downstream frame to send data from OLT to ONU, downstream frame includes downstream preamble to inform ONU of downstream frame, downstream start frame delimiter indicates The start of the downstream frame, the downstream header designates the OLT that sent the downstream frame, the downstream timing marker sends the timing pulse to the ONU, the jamming key is PON to perform jamming, and the downstream data packet IP network The OLT transmits data to each ONU, the downstream end frame delimiter indicates the end of the downstream frame and multiple ONU fields correspond to each ONU, and each ONU field includes an ONU header to indicate the ONU field Start, the dedicated channel transmits data to the ONU corresponding to the ONU column, the voice TDM channel transmits the local call voice data to the ONU corresponding to the ONU column, and the VoIP channel transmits the long-distance call voice data to the ONU and data corresponding to the ONU column The packet channel transmits data packets to the ONU corresponding to the ONU field.

A method for connecting a passive optical fiber network to an IP network, wherein the passive optical fiber network includes an optical fiber line terminator, a plurality of optical fiber network units connected to the optical fiber line terminator, and an upstream stream frame to transmit data in an upstream stream In transmitting data from the optical network unit to the optical fiber line terminator and a downstream stream frame in a downstream stream from the optical fiber line terminator to the optical network unit, the method includes the following steps:

sending an upstream preamble in the upstream to inform the optical line terminator of the upstream frame; sending an upstream start frame delimiter in the upstream to indicate the upstream frame start of frame; send an upstream header in the upstream to specify the optical network unit that sent the upstream frame; send an upstream marker response from the optical line terminal in the upstream send a jamming key in the upstream stream to perform jamming for the passive optical fiber network; send an upstream stream dedicated channel to transmit data to the optical fiber line terminator in the upstream stream; Send an upstream voice TDM channel in the upstream stream to transmit local call voice data to the optical fiber line terminator; send an upstream VoIP channel in the upstream stream to transmit long-distance call voice data to the IP network; sending an upstream data packet channel transport data packet in the upstream to the IP network; and sending an upstream end frame delimiter in the upstream to indicate the end of the upstream frame.

Sending a downstream preamble in the downstream to inform the optical network unit of the downstream frame; sending a downstream start frame delimiter in the downstream to indicate the downstream frame send a downstream header in the downstream to indicate the fiber optic line terminator that sent the downstream frame; send a downstream timing marker in the downstream to send a timing clock to the optical network unit; sends a jamming control in the downstream to perform jamming key requests for the passive optical network; sends a downstream data packet channel transmission data packet in the downstream from the IP network to the optical network unit; send a downstream end frame delimiter in the downstream stream to indicate the end of the downstream frame; and send a plurality of optical network unit fields in the downstream stream corresponding to each of the optical network unit .

With the upstream and downstream data frame formats according to the present invention, the data transmission network of IP-based optical fiber network (especially PON) can be realized more efficiently and advantageously.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is the ring architecture of PON;

Figure 2 is the tree structure of PON;

Figure 3 is the bus architecture of PON;

Fig. 4 is the PON of the data frame according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an upstream data frame according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a dedicated channel of an upstream data frame according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a voice TDM channel of an upstream data frame according to the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the relationship between the port number and the bit position in the user port (port) identification field in the voice TDM channel of the upstream data frame according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is an example of the data structure of the voice TDM channel of the upstream data frame according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a voice VoIP channel of an upstream data frame according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is an upstream data packet channel of an upstream data frame according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a downstream data frame according to the present invention;

FIG. 13 is an ONU header of a downstream data frame according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a PON with OLT 100 connected to IP network 200 . Each OLT 100 can be connected to multiple ONUs (ONU1, 2, 3, 4, ... N, N is an integer), or a tree or bus or ring structure. Figure 4 specifically shows a PON with tree architecture. The PON according to the present invention may also include ring or bus-bar architectures.

FIG. 5 shows an upstream stream frame 500 carrying data or messages from an ONU1 to an upstream stream of an OLT 100 according to the present invention, and the upstream stream frame formats of other ONUs (ONU2, 3, 4, ... N) are roughly the same as those of ONU1. Upstream frame 500. In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, each of the upstream stream frames carries data for each ONU, which is continuously transmitted and separated by a guard time interval between two frames. In this embodiment, the upstream The stream frames travel to the OLT 100 in burst mode, which is a data transmission mode in which data is sent out faster than normal.

The upstream frame 500 is composed of 10 fields, including upstream preamble 501, upstream SFD 502, upstream header 503, upstream timing flag 504, jamming key 505, dedicated channel 506, voice TDM Channel 507 , VoIP channel 508 , upstream packet channel 509 and upstream EFD 510 .

The preamble 501 is an 8-byte group (64 bits) composed of alternating "1" and "0", which notifies the OLT 100 of the upcoming upstream frame 500 and starts timing synchronization. SFD 502 has 4 bytes as a frame alignment signal to indicate the start of upstream frame 500 .

The header 503 is used as a PON system control to identify the ONU1 sending the data and to confirm the Undelivered Data Block (UDB) in the ONU1. The header 503 includes an ONU identifier (1 byte) indicating the ONU number in the PON, another byte K1 for the protection switching function of the PON, and a 2-byte UDB with automatic bandwidth adjustment.

The timing tag 504 (4 bytes) is used to return the timing clock sent from the OLT 100 . ONU1 copies the timing clock from OLT 100 and stores it in the timing tag 504 for ONU1. The OLT 100 calculates the time difference between the time of reception, the timing mark received from ONU1 and the time of the timing mark to adjust the gap guard time between two ONUs such as ONU1 and 2). The time measurement mark 504 can also be used for automatic bandwidth adjustment. For example, if the frame is sent from the OLT and copied back to the OLT by the ONU, the sending time is 212 μs, and the receiving time is 378 μs, then the round-trip time is 378 μs minus 212 μs. is 166μs.

The jamming key 505 (4 bytes) is used to perform the jamming function of the PON. Jamming also refers to the encryption of the transmission channel.

The dedicated channel 506 is an M×4 byte field (M is an integer), used to transmit data to the OLT 100 or IP network 200 data, such as TDM or IP data. Dedicated channels or leased lines are usually fixed and continuous connections to public telecommunications carriers (such as T-1, T-3, DS1, E1, DS3 or E3 channels used to access the Internet). T-1 has a data transfer rate of 1.544Mb/s, E-1 has a data transfer rate of 2.48Mb/s, T-3 has a data transfer rate of 44.736Mb/s, and E-3 has a data transfer rate of 34.368Mb /s.

The voice TDM channel 507 is an M×4 byte field (M is an integer), used to transmit local call voice data packets to the OLT 100 .

Voice VoIP channel 508 is an M×4 byte field used to transmit long-distance call data packets to PSTN or IP network 200 .

The upstream data packet channel 509 is an M×4 byte field (M is an integer) used to transmit data packets with lower priority in the IP network 200 .

The upstream EFD 510 is a 4-byte field (9E, 9E, 9E, and 9E in hexadecimal), used as a frame termination signal to indicate the end of the upstream frame 500 .

The dedicated channel 506 , the voice TDM channel 507 , the voice VoIP channel 508 and the upstream packet channel 509 are further described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 11 .

FIG. 6 shows the dedicated channel 506 of the upstream frame 500, which is an M×4 byte field (M is an integer), used to transmit data to the OLT 100 or the IP network 200, such as TDM or IP data. The dedicated channel 506 includes a plurality of fields, including a dedicated channel header (Leased Channel Header; LCH) 611, a priority (PRIO) 613, a loopback connection (LPBK) 615, a dedicated channel number LCN (Leased Channel Number) 617, a payload (Payload) length 619 , source address 621 , destination address 623 , payload 625 , padding 627 and bit insertion parity 32 (BIP-32) 629 .

LCH 611 is an octet field (8E, F6, 8E, 28 in hexadecimal), and indicates the start of the dedicated channel 506 . Priority 613 is a 4-bit field, which defines the priority level and payload type of data packets related to data traffic. When the value of the priority 613 is 0, it represents the lowest priority, and when the value is 15 (or F in hexadecimal), it represents the highest priority. For example, the priority value of dedicated channel 506 is 14, the priority value of voice TDM channel 507 is 13, the priority value of voice VoIP channel 508 is 12, and the priority value of video data is 11.

The loopback 615 is a 4-bit field, which defines the loopback function of the dedicated channel 506 . LCN617 is a 1-byte field, which is a reserved channel. Payload length 619 is a 2-byte field that defines the total payload length of dedicated channel 506. Payload length 619 does not include pad 627 and BIP-32 629.

The source address 621 is a 16-byte IP address, which identifies the original source of the transmitted data. The destination address 623 is also a 16-byte IP address, which identifies the final destination of the transmitted data, such as the IP network 200 . However, if source routing is used, the destination address 623 includes the IP address of the next entity to which the data is to be transmitted, such as the OLT 100, ONU, IP network, other OLTs, and ONUs of another PON.

The payload 625 is an N-byte field (N is an integer), including the payload of the TDM data packet. If the TDM payload comes from an asynchronous network (such as asynchronous transfer mode or ATM network), the total payload length is (N×4)+y bytes (y=0, 1, 2, 3), so it needs to pad Stuffing data makes the data packet into N x 4 bytes. The pad is used to fill the unused space, and the pad 627 is used to satisfy the requirement that the field of the payload 625 is N×4 bytes. Note that ATM is a network technology based on fixed-length cell or packet transfer data. Whenever data transfer starts, ATM generates a fixed channel or path between two points.

BIP-32 629 is a 4-byte field used to monitor the bit error rate (Bit Error Ratio; BER) on the transmission link for transmitting data. The parity check system uses the parity bit to check that the data has been transmitted accurately. A parity bit (such as BIP-32) is added to each transmitted data unit. Each bit of BIP-32 is the result of mutually exclusive OR operation of all bits in the same position in all payload fields including the stuffing byte in pad 627 before scrambling.

FIG. 7 illustrates a voice TDM channel 507 of an upstream data frame according to the present invention. The voice TDM channel 507 is an M×4 byte field, where M is an integer, and is used to transmit local call voice data packets to the OLT 100 . Voice TDM channel 507 includes a plurality of columns, including voice TDM header (VoiceTDM header; VTH) 711, priority 713, loop back connection 715, other side gateway number (ResidentialGateway Number; RGN) 717, payload length 719, user Port identification 721 and 723, payload 725 and BIP-32 727.

VTH 711 is an octet field (8D, F6, 8D, 28 in hexadecimal), indicating the start of the voice TDM channel 507 . Priority 713 is a 4-bit field that defines the priority level of the data packet for the data traffic. The loopback 715 is a 4-bit field, which defines the loopback function of the data packet of the voice TDM channel 507 .

RGN717 is a 1-byte field that identifies other gateways connected to a specific ONU. A gateway is a combination of hardware and software that connects two different types of networks, that is, the PON and the specific ONU where the end user is located. Payload Length 719 is a 2-byte field that defines the total payload length of the data packets of the voice TDM channel 507 . Payload Length 719 includes only the payload, not the bytes of BIP-32727.

The user port identification 721 and 723 are 4 bytes in total, identifying the corresponding user port of the voice group of the Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP). MGCP is a protocol that controls the VoIP gateway on the external call control element. MGCP assumes a call control architecture whose call control intelligence is outside the gateway and controlled by the external call control element. I identify the end user or user's voice channel corresponding to the end user or user's phone number. The maximum number of user ports defined by MGCP is 64, so 8 bytes identify 64 end users, where each bit corresponds to an end user. FIG. 8 illustrates the relationship between the user port identification 721 and 723 bit position and the port number, wherein the first received bit (b7) of the first received byte group is the first port.

Payload 725 is an N×4 byte field, where N is an integer, including voice data packets for voice TDM channel 507 . Voice data packets are arranged in the fields of the payload 725 in a sequential manner from user port 1 to port 64 according to the logic of the bit positions corresponding to the user ports. If the logic level of the bit position is 1, the voice data packet is put into the field of the payload 725 . If the logic level of the bit position is 0, then no voice data is packetized in the payload 725 field.

BIP-32727 is a 4-byte field used to monitor the BER on a transport link for transmitting data. Each bit of BIP-32 is the result of exclusive OR operation of all bits in the same position in all payload fields before scrambling.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example of the data structure of the voice TDM channel 507 . The data structure illustrated here for voice TDM channel 507 includes a number of fields including VTH 911, Priority 913, Loopback 915, RGN 917, Payload Length 919, User Port ID 921 and 923, Payload 925, and BIP-32927 . Fields 921 and 923 identify the corresponding user port of the voice group with 64 end users, where each bit refers to an end user. The field of payload 925 includes voice payloads of user ports 2, 8, 20, 32, 33, 49 and 63.

FIG. 10 illustrates a voice VoIP channel 508 . Voice VoIP channel 508 is an M×4 byte field used to transmit long-distance calling data packets to PSTN or IP network 200 . The voice VoIP channel 508 includes a plurality of fields, including Voice VoIP Header (Voice VoIP Header; VVH) 1011 , Priority 1013 , Loopback 1015 , RGN 1017 , Payload Length 1019 , Payload 1021 and BIP-32 1023 .

VVH1011 is an octet field (8C, F6, 8D, 28 in hexadecimal) indicating the start of the voice VoIP channel 508 . Priority 1013 is a 4-bit field, which defines the priority level of data packets related to data traffic flow. A value of 0 indicates the lowest priority, and a value of 15 (or F in hexadecimal) indicates the highest priority.

The loopback 1015 is a 4-bit field, which defines the loopback function of the data packet of the voice VoIP channel 508 . RGN1017 is a 1-byte field that identifies the other gateway connected to a specific ONU. The payload length 1019 is a 2-byte field that defines the total payload length of the IP packetized voice packets in the voice VoIP channel 508 . Payload Length 1019 includes only the payload, not the bytes of BIP-321023. The payload 1021 is an N×4 byte field, where N is an integer, and includes IP packetized voice packets in the voice VoIP channel 508 .

BIP-321023 is a 4-byte field used to monitor the BER on a transport link that is not transmitting data. Each bit of BIP-32 is the result of exclusive OR operation of all bits in the same position in all payload fields before scrambling.

FIG. 11 illustrates an upstream data packet channel 509 , which is an M×4 byte field, used to transmit lower priority data packets (such as computer data files or images) to the OLT 100 or the IP network 200 . The upstream data packet channel 509 includes a plurality of fields, including Data Packet Header (Data Packet Header; DPH) 1111, Priority 1113, Loopback 1115, RGN 1117, Payload Length 1119, Payload 1121 and BIP-32 1123.

DPH1111 is an octet field (8B, F6, 8D, 28 in hexadecimal), indicating the start of the upstream data packet channel 509 . The priority 1113 is a 4-bit field, which defines the priority level of the data packets related to the data flow. A value of 0 indicates the lowest priority data flow, and a value of 15 (or hexadecimal F) indicates the highest priority.

The loopback 1115 is a 4-bit field, which defines the loopback function of the data packets of the upstream data packet channel 509 . RGN1017 is a 1-byte field that identifies other gateways connected to a particular ONU. Payload Length 1119 is a 2-byte field that defines the total payload length of the data packets in the upstream data packet channel 509 . Payload Length 1119 includes only the payload, not the bytes of BIP-321123. Payload 1121 is an N×4 byte field, where N is an integer, containing data packets in upstream data packet channel 509 . The maximum payload length of each data packet is 2048 bytes.

BIP-321123 is a 4-byte field used to monitor the BER on a transport link that is not transmitting data. Each bit of BIP-32 is the result of exclusive OR operation of all bits in the same position in all payload fields before scrambling.

FIG. 12 illustrates a downstream data frame corresponding to an upstream frame 500 carrying data or information from the OLT 100 to the ONUs (ONU1, 2, 3, 4, . . . N) according to the present invention. The downstream data from the OLT 100 to the ONU includes 1, 2, 3, ... N frames, and each frame is sent to an ONU of the PON. The time interval T of each frame is M×0.5 milliseconds. FIG. 12 particularly shows a downstream data frame 1200 for carrying data or information downstream from the OLT 100 to the ONUs (1, 2, 3, . . . N) according to the present invention.

Downstream Data Frame 1200 includes multiple fields, including Downstream Preamble 1201, Downstream SFD 1202, Downstream Header 1203, Downstream Timer Flag 1204, Jamming Control 1205, Downstream Packet Channel 1209 and downstream EFD1210. In addition, the downstream data frame 1200 according to the present invention includes N fields (1012, 2012, 3012, . . . N012) corresponding to ONU1, 2, 3, . . . N, respectively.

The preamble 1201 contains 8 bytes (that is, 64 bits), and informs each ONU of the downstream stream frame 1200 and synchronizes the timing. The SFD1202 has 4 bytes, which are used as a frame alignment signal to indicate The start of the downstream frame 1200.

The header 1203 is used for PON system control, identifying the OLT 100 sending the data and pointing out the unused bandwidth in the PON. The header 1203 includes an OLT identification symbol (1 byte) indicating the ONU number in the PON, another byte K1 as the protection switching and automatic time measurement function of the PON, and a 2-byte UBW that can automatically adjust the bandwidth.

The timing tag 1204 (4 bytes) is used to send the timing clock to each ONU. For example, the ONU1 copies the timing clock from the OLT 100 and stores it in the timing tag 1204 of the ONU1. According to the present invention, the OLT 100 calculates the time difference between the receiving time, the timing mark received from the ONU1 and the time of the measuring mark, so as to adjust the guard time interval between two ONUs (such as ONU1 and ONU2). The timing mark 1204 can also be used for automatic bandwidth adjustment. For example, in this embodiment of the present invention, if the sending time of the frame sent from the OLT and then copied back to the OLT by the ONU is 212 μs, and the receiving time is 378 μs, then The round trip time is 378 μs minus 212 μs, which is 166 μs.

Jamming key 1205 (4 bytes) is used to perform jamming function and new jamming key request for PON. Jamming refers to the encryption of the transmission channel in this technique.

The downstream data packet channel 1209 is a K×4 byte field (K is an integer), used to transmit data packets with lower priority (such as computer data files or images) on the IP network 200 . In channel 1209, the maximum payload length of each data packet is 2048 bytes. The structure of the downstream packet channel is roughly the same as the upstream packet channel 509 shown in FIG. 11 . EFD1210 is a 4-byte field (9E, 9E, 9E, and 9E in hexadecimal), which is used as a frame termination signal to indicate the end of the downstream frame 1200 .

The downstream data frame 1200 also includes N fields (1012, 2012, 3012, . . . and NO12) corresponding to ONU1, 2, 3, . . . N, which will be described in detail below. The field 1012 shown in Fig. 12 is used for ONU1, has K×4 bytes, K is an integer, including four fields, called ONU header 1012A, dedicated channel 1012B, voice TDM channel 1012C and voice VoIP channel 1012D . The structures of fields 2012, 3012, ... N012 for other ONUs (ie ONU2, 3, ... N) are the same as field 1012 of ONU1. Fields 1012, 2012, 3012, ...N012 for ONU1, 2, 3, ... N are used to send data packets with higher priority from OLT 100 to these ONUs. These fields each include an ONU header (eg, ONU header 1012A), a dedicated channel (eg, dedicated channel 1012B), a voice TDM channel (eg, voice TDM channel 1012C), and a VoIP channel (eg, voice VoIP channel 1012D).

Referring to ONU1, field 1012 includes ONU header 1012A, dedicated channel 1012B, voice TDM channel 1012C, and voice VoIP channel 1012D. The dedicated channel 10123B is a field of M×4 bytes, which is used to transmit data (such as TDM or IP data) from the OLT 100, PSTN or IP network 200 to a specific ONU. The structure of the dedicated channel 1012B is the same as that of the dedicated channel 506 of the upstream data frame 500 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 . The voice TDM channel 1012C is an M×4 byte field used to transmit local call voice data packets to a specific ONU. The structure of the TDM channel 1012C is the same as the voice TDM channel 507 in the upstream data frame 500 shown in FIG. 5 , FIG. 7 , FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 . The voice VoIP channel 1012D is an M×4 byte field used to transmit long-distance call data packets from the PSTN or IP network 200 to a specific ONU. The structure of the voice VoIP channel 1012D is the same as the voice VoIP channel 508 in the upstream data frame 500 shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 10 .

FIG. 13 schematically illustrates an ONU header (eg, ONU header 1012A) of a downstream data frame 200 according to the present invention. The ONU header 1012A is a 16-byte field, which indicates the beginning of each ONU field, and is also used for bandwidth adjustment of each ONU. The ONU headers 2012A, 3012A, ... N012A for the other ONUs 2, 3, ... N have the same structure as the ONU header 1012A of ONU1.

The ONU header 1012A includes a plurality of fields, including a preamble 1301, a sub-frame delimiter SSD (StartSub-frame Delimiter) 1303, an ONUID 1305, an automatic bandwidth adjustment beginning (Automatic Bandwidth Adjustment Beginning; ABAB) 1309, an automatic bandwidth adjustment termination ( Automatic Bandwidth Adjustment Terminating; ABAT) 1315, reserved fields K21307, R1311 and R1313. The preamble 1301 is a 4-byte field composed of 1 and 0 (AA, AA, AA, slave) alternately replaced, and informs the ONU1 of the upcoming downstream data frame 1200 to the ONU field and to synchronize the timing. SSD1303 is a 4-byte field (6F, F6, 6F, 28 in hexadecimal), which is used as a frame alignment signal to indicate a subframe or an ONU field for ONU1 (called field 1012) Start. ONU ID 1305 is used to point out the ONU number on the PON (such as ONU1). ABAB 1309 and ABAT 1315 perform automatic bandwidth adjustment for PON.

Although the present invention has been described in detail in conjunction with preferred embodiments, the embodiments are not intended to limit the invention to the exact form disclosed, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that many modifications or changes may be made based on the above teachings or learning from the embodiments of the present invention. changes without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Likewise, any procedural steps described herein may be replaced by other steps to achieve substantially the same result. All such modifications are included in the scope of the present invention, and the patent protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.

Claims (40)

1. A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network, comprising: an optical fiber line terminator; A plurality of optical network units are connected to the optical line terminator; and An upstream frame transmits data from one of the plurality of optical network units to the optical line terminator, the upstream frame includes: an upstream preamble notifying the optical line terminator of the upstream frame; an upstream start frame delimiter indicating the beginning of the upstream frame; an upstream header identifying the optical network unit sending the upstream frame; an upstream timing marker responsive to a timing clock sent from the optical fiber line terminator; a jamming key to perform jamming for the passive optical network; An upstream dedicated channel transmits data to the optical fiber line terminator; an upstream voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel for transmitting local call voice data to the optical fiber line terminator; an upstream Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel for transmitting voice data for long distance calls to the IP network; an upstream data packet channel transmits data packets to the IP network; and An upstream end frame delimiter indicates the end of the upstream frame. 2. A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network according to claim 1, characterized in that: further comprising A downstream stream frame is used to transmit data from the optical fiber line terminator to the optical network unit, and the downstream stream frame includes: a downstream stream preamble notifying the optical network unit of the downstream stream frame; A downstream start frame delimiter indicates the beginning of the downstream frame; a downstream header identifying the optical fiber line terminator that sent the downstream frame; A downstream serial timing marker transmits a timing pulse to the optical network unit; a jammer control enforces jammer key requirements for the passive optical network; a downstream streaming data packet channel transmits data packets from the IP network to the optical network unit; a downstream end frame delimiter indicating the end of the downstream frame; and Multiple optical network unit fields correspond to each optical network unit, and each optical network unit field includes: (a) an optical network unit header indicating the beginning of the optical network unit field; (b) a dedicated channel to transmit data to the optical network unit corresponding to the optical network unit column; (C) a voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel for transmitting local call voice data to the optical network unit corresponding to the optical network unit field; and (d) A Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel transmits voice data for long-distance calls from the IP network to the ONU corresponding to the ONU field. 3. A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dedicated uplink channel includes a plurality of fields, including: a dedicated channel header indicating the beginning of the upstream dedicated channel; - Priority is defined as the priority level and type of data to be transmitted; A loopback defines the loopback function of the dedicated uplink channel; a payload length defines the total payload length of the upstream dedicated channel; a source address identifying the original source of the data; A destination address identifies the final destination of the data; a payload for transmitting voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) data packets; a tamp to meet the requirements of the payload; and Bit insertion parity monitors the bit error rate for the transmitted data. 4. A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network according to claim 3, characterized in that: the source address is an IP address, identifying one of the optical fiber network units or the IP network; and the destination address is an IP Address, which identifies the IP network. 5. A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network according to claim 3, characterized in that: the source address is an IP address and the destination address includes a selected from the optical fiber line terminator, optical network unit, IP network, IP addresses of other optical line terminators and groups of optical network units of another passive optical network. 6. A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of frames, each frame comprising a frame structure substantially the same as that of the upstream frame frame structure. 7. A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network according to claim 6, wherein two frames in the plurality of frames are separated by a guard time interval. 8. A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network according to claim 1, wherein the upstream voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel includes a plurality of fields, including: A voice time division multiplexing (TDM) header indicating the beginning of the upstream voice time division multiplexing (TDM) channel; A priority is defined as the priority level for transmitting the data; A loopback defines the loopback function of the upstream voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel; an other gateway number identifying the other gateway connected to one of the plurality of optical network units; A payload length defines the total payload length of the voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel; at least one user port identification to identify a corresponding user port of a voice group; a payload comprising voice data packets of the voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel; and One-bit parity insertion enables monitoring of the bit error rate for transmitted data. 9. A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network according to claim 8, characterized in that: the voice data packet of the upstream voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel is based on the user interface in a continuous manner with multiple user ports. The logic level of the corresponding bit position of the port is arranged in the payload. 10. A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network according to claim 1, wherein the upstream voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) channel includes a plurality of fields, including: a Voice Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) header indicating the start of the upstream Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel; - Priority is defined as the priority level for transmitting data; A loopback defines the loopback function of the upstream voice voice over internet protocol service (VoIP) channel; an other gateway number identifying the other gateway connected to one of the plurality of optical network units; a payload length defines the total payload length of the Voice Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel; a payload comprising IP packetized voice data packets of the voice Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel; and One-bit parity insertion enables monitoring of the bit error rate for transmitted data. 11. A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network according to claim 1, wherein the upstream data packet channel includes a plurality of fields, including: a data packet header indicating the beginning of the upstream data packet channel; - Priority is defined as the priority level for transmitting data; A loopback defines the loopback function of the upstream data packet channel; an other gateway number identifying the other gateway connected to one of the plurality of optical network units; a payload length defines the total payload length of the data packet channel; a payload comprising data packets of the data packet channel; and One-bit parity insertion enables monitoring of the bit error rate for transmitted data. 12. A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network according to claim 2, wherein each field of the optical fiber network unit further includes: An ONU header preamble notifies the ONU field to the ONU corresponding to the ONU header; an optical network unit start subframe delimiter indicating the beginning of the optical network unit field; an optical network unit identifier specifies an optical network unit number; and An auto-bandwidth start and an auto-bandwidth stop perform auto-bandwidth for the passive optical network. 13. A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network according to claim 2, characterized in that: the channel dedicated to downlink streams comprises a plurality of fields, including: a dedicated channel header indicating the beginning of the downstream dedicated channel; - Priority is defined as the priority level and type of data to be transmitted; A loopback defines the loopback function of the dedicated downstream channel; A payload length defines the total payload length of the downlink dedicated channel; a source address identifying the original source of the data; A destination address identifies the final destination of the data; a payload enabling transmission of voice time division multiplexing (TDM) data packets or IP data packets; a chock to conform to the requirements of the payload; and A bit-inserted parity monitors the bit error rate for the data transmitted. 14. A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network according to claim 13, characterized in that: the source address is an IP address identification selected from the optical fiber line terminator, the optical fiber network units, the IP network, other optical fiber A line terminator and one of a group of optical network units of another passive optical network; the destination address is an IP address identifying the IP network. 15. A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network according to claim 13, wherein the source address is an IP address and the destination address includes the IP addresses of the optical fiber network units or the IP network. 16. A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network according to claim 2, further comprising a plurality of frames, each of which includes a frame structure substantially the same as that of the downstream frame frame structure. 17. A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network according to claim 2, wherein the downlink voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel includes a plurality of fields, including: A voice time division multiplexing (TDM) header indicates the beginning of the downstream voice time division multiplexing (TDM) channel; - Priority is defined as the priority level for transmitting data; A loopback defines the loopback function of the downstream voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel; an other gateway number identifying the other gateway connected to one of the plurality of optical network units; A payload length defines the total payload length of the voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel; at least one user port identification to identify a corresponding user port of a voice group; a payload comprising voice data packets of the voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel; and One-bit parity insertion enables monitoring of the bit error rate for transmitted data. 18. A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network according to claim 17, characterized in that: the voice data packets of the downstream voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel are transmitted according to the user in a continuous manner with multiple user ports. The logic level of the corresponding bit position of the port is arranged in the payload. 19. A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network according to claim 2, wherein the downlink voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel includes a plurality of fields, including: a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) header indicating the beginning of the downstream Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel; - Priority is defined as the priority level for transmitting data; A loopback defines the loopback function of the downstream voice voice over Internet protocol service (VoIP) channel; an other gateway number identifying the other gateway connected to one of the plurality of optical network units; a payload length defines the total payload length of the Voice Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel; a payload comprising IP packetized voice data packets of the voice Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel; and One-bit parity insertion enables monitoring of the bit error rate for transmitted data. 20. A passive optical fiber network connected to an IP network according to claim 2, wherein the downstream data packet channel includes a plurality of fields, including: a data packet header indicating the beginning of the downstream data packet channel; - Priority is defined as the priority level for transmitting data; A loopback defines the loopback function of the downstream data packet channel; an other gateway number identifying the other gateway connected to one of the plurality of optical network units; a payload length defines the total payload length of the data packet channel; a payload comprising data packets of the data packet channel; and One-bit parity insertion enables monitoring of the bit error rate for transmitted data. 21. A method for connecting a passive optical fiber network to an IP network, wherein the passive optical network includes an optical fiber line terminator and a plurality of optical fiber network units connected to the optical fiber line terminator, and an upstream stream frame to transmit data in an upstream transmitting data in a downstream stream from the optical network unit to the optical fiber line terminator and a downstream frame from the optical fiber network unit to the optical network unit, the method comprising the following steps: sending an upstream preamble in the upstream to inform the optical line terminator of the upstream frame; sending an upstream start frame delimiter in the upstream to indicate the start of the upstream frame; sending an upstream header in the upstream stream identifying the optical network unit sending the upstream frame; sending an upstream timing marker in the upstream in response to a timing clock sent from the optical line terminator; sending a jamming key in the upstream to perform jamming for the passive optical network; sending an upstream dedicated channel to transmit data to the optical fiber line terminator in the upstream; sending an upstream voice time division multiplexing (TDM) channel in the upstream stream to transmit local call voice data to the optical fiber line terminator; sending an upstream Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel in the upstream to transmit voice data for long distance calls to the IP network; sending an upstream data packet channel transport data packet in the upstream stream to the IP network; and An end of upstream frame delimiter is sent in the upstream to indicate the end of the upstream frame. 22. A method for connecting a passive optical fiber network to an IP network according to claim 21, further comprising the following steps: sending a downstream preamble in the downstream to inform the optical network unit of the downstream frame; sending a downstream start frame delimiter in the downstream to indicate the start of the downstream frame; sending a downstream header in the downstream stream to identify the optical fiber line terminator sending the downstream frame; Sending a timing mark in the downstream stream to send a timing clock to the optical network unit; sending a jamming control in the downstream to enforce jamming key requests for the passive optical network; sending a downstream data packet channel transmission data packet from the IP network to the optical network unit in the downstream stream; sending an end-of-downstream frame delimiter in the downstream stream to indicate the end of the downstream frame; and Sending a plurality of optical network unit fields corresponding to each of the optical network units in the downstream stream, wherein the method further includes the following steps: (a) sending an optical network unit header in each of the optical network unit fields to indicate the beginning of the optical network unit field; (b) sending a dedicated channel to transmit data in each optical network unit column to the optical network unit corresponding to the optical network unit column; (C) sending a voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel in each of the optical network unit slots to transmit local call voice data to the optical network unit corresponding to the optical network unit slot; and (d) sending a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel in each of the optical network unit slots to transmit long-distance call voice data from the IP network to the optical network unit corresponding to the optical network unit slot. 23. A method for connecting a passive optical fiber network to an IP network according to claim 21, further comprising the following steps: sending a dedicated channel header in the upstream dedicated channel to indicate the beginning of the upstream dedicated channel; Sending a priority in the upstream dedicated channel is defined as the priority level and data type of transmitting the data; sending a loopback in the upstream dedicated channel to define the loopback function of the upstream dedicated channel; sending a payload length in the upstream dedicated channel to define the total payload length of the upstream dedicated channel; sending a source address in the upstream dedicated channel to identify the original source of the data; sending a destination address in the upstream dedicated channel to identify the final destination of the data; sending a payload in the upstream dedicated channel to transmit voice time division multiplexing (TDM) data packets; send a tamp in the upstream dedicated channel to meet the requirements of the payload; and A bit insertion parity is sent in the upstream dedicated channel to monitor the bit error rate for the data transmitted. 24. A method for connecting a passive optical fiber network to an IP network according to claim 23, further comprising the following steps: the source address is an IP address identifying the IP network or one of the optical network elements; and The destination address is an IP address identifying the IP network. 25. A method for connecting a passive optical fiber network to an IP network according to claim 23, characterized in that: the source address is an IP address and the destination address includes a selected from the optical fiber line terminator, the optical network units, IP addresses of the IP network, other optical line terminators, and a group of optical network elements of another passive optical network. 26. A method for connecting a passive optical fiber network to an IP network according to claim 21, further comprising: sending a plurality of frames in the downstream stream, each frame comprising a frame structure substantially the same The frame structure in the upstream frame. 27. The method for connecting the passive optical fiber network to the IP network according to claim 26, wherein two frames in the plurality of frames are separated by a guard time interval. 28. A method for connecting a passive optical fiber network to an IP network according to claim 21, further comprising the following steps: sending a voice time division multiplexing (TDM) header in the upstream voice time division multiplexing (TDM) channel to indicate the beginning of the upstream voice time division multiplexing (TDM) channel; Sending a priority in the upstream voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel is defined as a priority level for transmitting data; Send a loopback function in the upstream voice NM channel to define the loopback function of the upstream voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel; sending an other party gateway number in the upstream voice time division multiplexing (TDM) channel to identify the other party gateway connected to one of the plurality of optical network units; sending a payload length in the upstream voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel to define the total payload length of the voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel; Sending at least one user port in the upstream voice time division multiplexing (TDM) channel to identify a corresponding user port of a voice group; sending in the upstream voice time division multiplexing (TDM) channel a payload comprising voice data packets of the voice time division multiplexing (TDM) channel; and A bit insertion parity is sent in the upstream voice time division multiplexed (TDM) channel to monitor the bit error rate of the transmitted data. 29. A method for connecting a passive optical fiber network to an IP network according to claim 28, wherein the voice data packets of the upstream voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel are continuous in a plurality of user ports Arranged in the payload according to the logical level of the corresponding bit position of the user port. 30. A method for connecting a passive optical fiber network to an IP network according to claim 21, further comprising the following steps: sending a Voice over IP (VoIP) header in the upstream Voice over IP (VoIP) channel to indicate the start of the upstream Voice over IP (VoIP) channel; sending a priority in the upstream Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel defined as a priority level for transmitting data; sending a loopback in the upstream voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel to define a loopback function for the upstream voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel; sending an other party gateway number in the upstream Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel to identify the other party gateway connected to one of the plurality of optical network units; sending a payload length in the upstream voice Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel defining a total payload length of the voice Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel; sending a payload comprising IP packetized voice data packets of the voice voice over internet protocol (VoIP) channel in the upstream voice voice over internet protocol (VoIP) channel; and A bit insertion parity is sent in the upstream voice Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel to monitor the bit error rate of the transmitted data. 31. A method for connecting a passive optical fiber network to an IP network according to claim 21, further comprising the following steps: sending a packet header in the upstream data packet channel to indicate the beginning of the upstream data packet channel; sending a priority in the upstream data packet channel defined as a priority level for transmitting data; sending a loopback in the upstream data packet channel to define a loopback function of the upstream data packet channel; sending an other party gateway number in the upstream data packet channel to identify the other party gateway connected to one of the plurality of optical network units; sending a payload length in the upstream data packet channel to define the total payload length of the data packet channel; sending a data packet in the upstream data packet channel with a payload containing the data packet channel; and A bit insertion parity is sent in the upstream data packet channel to monitor the bit error rate for the transmitted data. 32. A method for connecting a passive optical fiber network to an IP network according to claim 22, further comprising the following steps: sending an ONU header in each of the ONU fields to inform the ONU field of the ONU corresponding to the ONU header; sending an optical network unit start subframe delimiter in each of the optical network unit fields to indicate the beginning of the optical network unit field; sending an optical network unit identifier in each of the optical network unit fields specifies an optical network unit number; and Sending an auto-bandwidth start and an auto-bandwidth stop in each of the optical network unit fields enables auto-bandwidth adjustment to be performed for the passive optical network. 33. A method for connecting a passive optical fiber network to an IP network according to claim 22, further comprising the following steps: sending a dedicated channel header in the downstream dedicated channel to indicate the beginning of the downstream dedicated channel; Sending a priority in the downstream dedicated channel is defined as the priority level and data type of transmitting the data; Sending a loopback in the downstream dedicated channel to define the loopback function of the downstream dedicated channel; sending a payload length in the downstream dedicated channel to define the total payload length of the downstream dedicated channel; sending a source address in the downstream dedicated channel to identify the original source of the data; sending a destination address in the downstream dedicated channel to identify the final destination of the data; sending a payload in the downstream dedicated channel to transmit voice time division multiplexing (TDM) data packets or IP data packets; sending a tamp in the downstream dedicated channel to match the payload's requirements; and A bit insertion parity is sent in the downstream dedicated channel to monitor the bit error rate for the data transmitted. 34. A method for connecting a passive optical fiber network to an IP network according to claim 33, wherein the source address is an IP address identification selected from the optical fiber line terminator, the optical fiber network units, the IP network, and other an optical fiber line terminator and one of a group of optical network units of another passive optical network; and The destination address is an IP address identifying the IP network. 35. A method for connecting a passive optical fiber network to an IP network according to claim 33, wherein the source address is an IP address and the destination address includes the IP addresses of the optical fiber network units or the IP network. 36. A method for connecting a passive optical fiber network to an IP network according to claim 22, further comprising: sending a plurality of frames in the downstream stream, each frame comprising a frame structure substantially the same The frame structure in the downstream frame. 37. A method for connecting a passive optical fiber network to an IP network according to claim 22, further comprising the following steps: sending a voice time division multiplexing (TDM) header in the downstream voice time division multiplexing (TDM) channel to indicate the start of the downstream voice time division multiplexing (TDM) channel; sending a priority in the downstream voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel to define a priority level for transmitting data; Send a loopback function in the downstream voice time division multiplexing (TDM) channel to define the loopback function of the downstream voice time division multiplexing (TDM) channel; sending an other party gateway number in the downstream voice time division multiplexing (TDM) channel to identify the other party gateway connected to one of the plurality of optical network units; sending a payload length in the downstream voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel to define the total payload length of the voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel; Sending at least one user port in the downstream voice time division multiplexing (TDM) channel to identify a corresponding user port of a voice group; sending in the downstream voice time division multiplexing (TDM) channel a payload comprising voice data packets of the voice time division multiplexing (TDM) channel; and A bit insertion parity is sent in the downstream voice time division multiplexed (TDM) channel to monitor the bit error rate of the transmitted data. 38. A method for connecting a passive optical fiber network to an IP network according to claim 37, wherein the voice data packets of the downlink voice time-division multiplexing (TDM) channel are continuous in a plurality of user ports Arranged in the payload according to the logical level of the corresponding full element position of the user port. 39. A method for connecting a passive optical fiber network to an IP network according to claim 22, further comprising the following steps: sending a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) header in the downstream Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel to indicate the start of the Downstream Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel; sending a priority in the downstream voice voice over internet protocol (VoIP) channel defined as a priority level for transmitting data; sending a loopback function in the downstream voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel to define the loopback function of the downstream voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel; sending an other party gateway number in the downstream voice voice over internet protocol (VoIP) channel to identify the other party gateway connected to one of the plurality of optical network units; transmitting a payload length in the downstream voice Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel defining a total payload length of the voice Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel; sending in the downstream voice Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel a payload comprising IP packetized Voice data packets of the voice Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel; and A bit insertion parity is sent in the downstream voice Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) channel to monitor the bit error rate of the transmitted data. 40. A method for connecting a passive optical fiber network to an IP network according to claim 22, further comprising the following steps: sending a data packet header in the downstream data packet channel to indicate the start of the downstream data packet channel; sending a priority in the downstream data packet channel to define a priority level for transmitting data; sending a loopback in the downstream data packet channel to define a loopback function of the downstream data packet channel; sending an other party gateway number in the downstream data packet channel to identify the other party gateway connected to one of the plurality of optical network units; sending a payload length in the downstream data packet channel to define the total payload length of the data packet channel; sending a data packet in the downstream data packet channel with a payload containing the data packet channel; and A bit insertion parity is sent in the downstream data packet channel to monitor the bit error rate of the transmitted data.

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