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CN1328497C - Assistant premixed burner of diesel engine for cool start - Google Patents

Assistant premixed burner of diesel engine for cool start Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1328497C
CN1328497C CNB2004100308432A CN200410030843A CN1328497C CN 1328497 C CN1328497 C CN 1328497C CN B2004100308432 A CNB2004100308432 A CN B2004100308432A CN 200410030843 A CN200410030843 A CN 200410030843A CN 1328497 C CN1328497 C CN 1328497C
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chamber
combustion
diesel engine
combustion chamber
wall
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CN1680706A (en
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原鲲
王岳
肖云汉
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Zhongkesido Nanjing Energy Storage Technology Co ltd
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Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of CAS
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Abstract

本发明涉及的用于柴油机冷启动的辅助预混燃烧装置，包括燃烧室和预蒸发室；燃烧室内壁/外壁上装有电加热丝/棒，燃烧室入口端安装与燃烧室腔体相通的火花塞；预蒸发室内壁/外壁上装有电加热丝/棒，预蒸发室外壁上套有流体腔，预蒸发室进口处设有燃料喷嘴和空气入口管；燃烧室和预蒸发室之间通过细管式回火防止管相通，回火防止管出口端安装有旋流器；燃烧室出口与位于预蒸发室之外的流体腔通过烟气再循环管相通。本发明采用预蒸发-预混燃烧方式取代传统的扩散燃烧方式，燃烧设备尺寸更加紧凑，有限空间放热效率和燃烧效率大大提高，可有效防止碳在机件壁面上的附着沉积，燃烧产生的尾气中氮氧化物和未燃烧烬的碳氢化合物均得到有效降低。

Figure 200410030843

The invention relates to an auxiliary premixed combustion device for diesel engine cold start, including a combustion chamber and a pre-evaporation chamber; an electric heating wire/rod is installed on the inner/outer wall of the combustion chamber, and a spark plug communicating with the cavity of the combustion chamber is installed at the inlet end of the combustion chamber ; Electric heating wires/rods are installed on the inner wall/outer wall of the pre-evaporation chamber, a fluid chamber is set on the outer wall of the pre-evaporation chamber, and a fuel nozzle and an air inlet pipe are arranged at the entrance of the pre-evaporation chamber; thin tubes are passed between the combustion chamber and the pre-evaporation chamber The backfire prevention pipe is connected with the backfire prevention pipe, and a cyclone is installed at the outlet end of the backfire prevention pipe; the outlet of the combustion chamber communicates with the fluid chamber outside the pre-evaporation chamber through the flue gas recirculation pipe. The invention adopts the pre-evaporation-premixed combustion method to replace the traditional diffusion combustion method, the size of the combustion equipment is more compact, the heat release efficiency and combustion efficiency in the limited space are greatly improved, and the adhesion and deposition of carbon on the wall surface of the machine part can be effectively prevented. Both nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons in unburned embers are effectively reduced.

Figure 200410030843

Description

The auxiliary premixing combustion apparatus that is used for the diesel engine cold start-up
Invention field
The present invention relates to a kind of auxiliary premixing combustion apparatus that is used for the diesel engine cold start-up.
Background technique
Under the cryogenic conditions, diesel engine is unfavorable for the atomizing and the burning of fuel oil owing to fuel viscosity increases, and the lubricant oil property variation that flows increases each motion component resistance, adds the influence of factor such as battery-operated ability reduction, very easily causes the engine start difficulty.The conventional method that adopts has: filling cold starting liquid, flame advanced ignition, hot water preheating method, electric preheating method and fuel heater heating etc.
Cold starting liquid is a kind of assistant starting fuel (by ether, the hydrocarbon of low volatilization point is formed with the low condensation point machine oil that has additive), and wherein the low condensation point machine oil that has additive of Jia Ruing can improve the lubricating condition of cylinder wall, reaches the purpose of startup.Though this kind startup method can be at the moment ato unit, but because the temperature of machine oil is low at this moment, viscosity is bigger, starting the back oils seldom at a period of time inside cylinder wall, lubricating condition is abominable, will form dry friction between the parts of reciprocating and rotation motion in the body during engine operation, make the component wear aggravation.
The working procedure of flame advanced ignition method is, connects Starter after glow plug is heated to 850-950 ℃, carries out the flame advanced ignition.Adopt this device that motor was started in moment, but difficulty of running into and filling primer fluid method are similar.The high temperature that dry friction produces can make the friction surface metal molten, very easily causes parts stuck.
The hot water preheating method is boiling water to be carried out the preheating of power system.This method is one of the most original method, does not have anything to threaten substantially to engine components, but is manual operation substantially, and workload is bigger.
The fuel heater heating is the new in recent years low temperature assistant starting mode that adopts, this cold-starting mode is by the subsidiary water pump of fuel heater the cooling liquid in the engine body to be extracted out, be recycled in the engine body after being heated by fuel heater, with this heated engine, reach the purpose of ato unit under the cryogenic conditions.Whole heating process needs 30-40min, the engine body temperature can be heated to about 40-50 ℃, and this moment, the machine oil of motor was also heated, and the viscosity of machine oil reduces, and the lubricating condition of motor under cryogenic conditions improved, and motor is started smoothly.This cold-starting mode advantage is obvious, can avoid a large amount of hand labors, can not have the stuck and scuffing of cylinder bore accident potential of parts, and the startability of motor under the low-temperature cold condition improved greatly.But, fuel heater commonly used at present adopts diffusion combustion mode substantially, fuel heater itself carries out heating system as auxiliary combustion, oversize, in limited space, realize diffusive combustion, especially the diffusive combustion of high carbon chain fuel is easy to take place incomplete combustion, causes waste of fuel, tail gas pollution and carbon distribution phenomenon.
Summary of the invention
The fuel heater heating that belongs to of the present invention, its innovative point is: adopt prevapourising-premixed combustion to replace traditional diffusion combustion method, the size of fuel-burning equipment is compact more, the exothermal efficiency and the combustion efficiency of the confined space improve greatly, can effectively prevent the adventitious deposit of blocking on the parts wall, the hydrocarbon of nitrogen oxide and unburned cinder is all effectively reduced in the tail gas that burning produces.
Embodiment of the present invention are as follows:
The auxiliary premixing combustion apparatus that is used for the diesel engine cold start-up provided by the invention comprises firing chamber 1 and prevapourising chamber 7; Electrical heating wire or electrical heating rod 2 are housed on the inwall of described firing chamber 1 or the outer wall, and the entry end of firing chamber 1 is installed the glow plug 10 that communicates with the firing chamber cavity; The inwall of described prevapourising chamber 7 or/electrical heating wire or electrical heating rod 4 are housed on the outer wall, be with fluid chamber 71 on the periphery wall of prevapourising chamber 7, fuel atomization nozzle 5 and air inlet pipe 6 are equipped with respectively in the inlet of described prevapourising chamber 7; Prevent to manage 3 by the tempering of tubule formula between described firing chamber 1 and the prevapourising chamber 7 and be connected, the tempering of described tubule formula prevents to manage 3 outlet end cyclone separator 8 is housed; The outlet of described firing chamber 1 is connected by flue gas recirculation pipe 9 with fluid chamber 71 outside being positioned at prevapourising chamber 7; Described fluid chamber 71 is provided with fluid output.
Described fuel atomization nozzle 5 is atomizing nozzle, vortex atomizing nozzle or ultrasonic wave atomizing nozzle; The tempering of described tubule formula prevents to manage 3 diameter and wants enough carefully, and carefully extremely: its tubule formula tempering prevents to manage in 3 flow rate of fluid greater than the speed of firing chamber 1 inner fluid; The spark plug 10 of described firing chamber 1 is lighted by the airborne storage battery of diesel oil; For making firing chamber 1 internal combustion more become uniform and stable, can metal grill plate 12 be arranged in the flame upstream arrangement of described firing chamber 1; Described electrical heating wire or electrical heating rod 4 are by the airborne storage battery power supply heating of diesel oil.
The auxiliary premixing combustion apparatus that is used for the diesel engine cold start-up provided by the invention belongs to fuel heater, its advantage is: adopt prevapourising-premixed combustion mode to replace traditional diffusion combustion method, the size of fuel-burning equipment is compact more, the exothermal efficiency and the combustion efficiency of the confined space improve greatly, can effectively prevent the adventitious deposit of blocking on the parts wall, the hydrocarbon of nitrogen oxide and unburned cinder is all effectively reduced in the tail gas that burning produces.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Wherein: firing chamber 1 electric heating wire/excellent 2 tubule formula tempering prevent to manage 3
Electric heating wire/excellent 4 fuel nozzles, 5 air inlet pipes 6
Prevapourising chamber 7 cyclone separators, 8 flue gas recirculation pipes 9
Glow plug 10 fluids go out 72 metal grill plates 12
Embodiment
Accompanying drawing 1 is a structural representation of the present invention; As shown in Figure 1, the auxiliary premixing combustion apparatus that is used for the diesel engine cold start-up provided by the invention comprises firing chamber 1 and prevapourising chamber 7; Electrical heating wire or electrical heating rod 2 are housed on the inwall of described firing chamber 1 or the outer wall, and the entry end of firing chamber 1 is installed the glow plug 10 that communicates with the firing chamber cavity; The inwall of described prevapourising chamber 7 or/electrical heating wire or electrical heating rod 4 are housed on the outer wall, be with fluid chamber 71 on the periphery wall of prevapourising chamber 7, fuel atomization nozzle 5 and air inlet pipe 6 are equipped with respectively in the inlet of described prevapourising chamber 7; Prevent to manage 3 by the tempering of tubule formula between described firing chamber 1 and the prevapourising chamber 7 and be connected, the tempering of described tubule formula prevents to manage 3 outlet end cyclone separator 8 is housed; The outlet of described firing chamber 1 is connected by flue gas recirculation pipe 9 with fluid chamber 71 outside being positioned at prevapourising chamber 7; Described fluid chamber 71 is provided with fluid output.
Described fuel atomization nozzle 5 is atomizing nozzle, vortex atomizing nozzle or ultrasonic wave atomizing nozzle; The tempering of described tubule formula prevents to manage 3 diameter and wants enough carefully, and carefully extremely: its tubule formula tempering prevents to manage in 3 flow rate of fluid greater than the speed of firing chamber 1 inner fluid; The glow plug 10 of described firing chamber 1 is lighted by the airborne storage battery of diesel oil; For making firing chamber 1 internal combustion more become uniform and stable, can metal grill plate 12 be arranged in the flame upstream arrangement of described firing chamber 1; Described electrical heating wire or electrical heating rod 4 are by the airborne storage battery power supply heating of diesel oil.
Working procedure of the present invention is as follows:
1) at first the positive and negative electrode that electrical heating wire 2 (can certainly be electrical heating rod) is housed on firing chamber 1 outer wall (can certainly be inwall) is linked to each other with the airborne storage battery of diesel engine, preheating is carried out in firing chamber 1 and prevapourising chamber 7;
2) provide fuel and air by fuel atomization nozzle 5 and air inlet pipe 6 to prevapourising chamber 7 respectively, and by the airborne storage battery of diesel engine glow plug is lighted a fire and to burn; (its fuel atomization nozzle 5 can be atomizing nozzle, vortex atomizing nozzle or ultrasonic wave atomizing nozzle, and present embodiment is an atomizing nozzle, uses the sort of atomizer nozzle actually, and those skilled in the art can be free as required)
3) after steady burning, close the airborne storage battery of glow plug and diesel engine;
4) by water pump the cooling liquid in the engine body of diesel engine is extracted out, be recycled in the engine body after being heated by this device,, reach the purpose of ato unit under the cryogenic conditions with this heated engine.
5) close auxiliary premixing combustion apparatus of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1、一种用于柴油机冷启动的辅助预混燃烧装置，包括燃烧室(1)和预蒸发室(7)；1. An auxiliary premixed combustion device for cold start of a diesel engine, comprising a combustion chamber (1) and a pre-evaporation chamber (7); 所述的燃烧室(1)的内壁或外壁上装有电加热丝或电加热棒(2)，燃烧室(1)的入口端安装与燃烧室腔体相通的电热塞(10)；所述预蒸发室(7)的内壁或外壁上装有电加热丝或电加热棒(4)，预蒸发室(7)的外周壁上套有流体腔(71)，所述预蒸发室(7)的进口处分别装有燃料雾化喷嘴(5)和空气入口管(6)；The inner wall or outer wall of the combustion chamber (1) is equipped with electric heating wire or electric heating rod (2), and the inlet end of the combustion chamber (1) is installed with a glow plug (10) communicated with the combustion chamber cavity; The inner wall or outer wall of the evaporation chamber (7) is equipped with electric heating wire or electric heating rod (4), and the outer peripheral wall of the pre-evaporation chamber (7) is covered with a fluid chamber (71), and the inlet of the pre-evaporation chamber (7) Fuel atomizing nozzles (5) and air inlet pipes (6) are installed respectively; 所述燃烧室(1)和预蒸发室(7)之间通过细管式回火防止管(3)相连通，所述细管式回火防止管(3)的出口端装有旋流器(8)；The combustion chamber (1) and the pre-evaporation chamber (7) are connected through a thin tube type anti-tempering pipe (3), and the outlet end of the thin-tube type anti-tempering pipe (3) is equipped with a cyclone (8); 所述燃烧室(1)的出口与位于预蒸发室(7)之外的流体腔(71)通过烟气再循环管(9)相连通；所述流体腔(71)上设有流体出口(72)。The outlet of the combustion chamber (1) communicates with the fluid cavity (71) outside the pre-evaporation chamber (7) through the flue gas recirculation pipe (9); the fluid cavity (71) is provided with a fluid outlet ( 72). 2、按权利要求1所述的用于柴油机冷启动的辅助预混燃烧装置，其特征在于，所述的燃料雾化喷嘴(5)为机械雾化喷嘴、旋流雾化喷嘴或超声波雾化喷嘴。2. The auxiliary premixed combustion device for diesel engine cold start according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel atomization nozzle (5) is a mechanical atomization nozzle, a swirl atomization nozzle or an ultrasonic atomization nozzle nozzle. 3、按权利要求1所述的用于柴油机冷启动的辅助预混燃烧装置，其特征在于，所述细管式回火防止管(3)的直径细至：其细管式回火防止管(3)中流体的流速大于燃烧室(1)内流体的速度。3. The auxiliary premixed combustion device for cold start of diesel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, the diameter of the thin-tube backfire prevention pipe (3) is as small as: the thin-tube backfire prevention pipe The flow velocity of the fluid in (3) is greater than the velocity of the fluid in the combustion chamber (1). 4、按权利要求1所述的用于柴油机冷启动的辅助预混燃烧装置，其特征在于，所述的燃烧室(1)的火花塞(10)由柴油机载蓄电池点燃。4. The auxiliary premixed combustion device for cold start of diesel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, the spark plug (10) of the combustion chamber (1) is ignited by the storage battery on the diesel engine. 5、按权利要求1所述的用于柴油机冷启动的辅助预混燃烧装置，其特征在于，所述燃烧室(1)的火焰上游布置有金属网格板(12)。5. The auxiliary premixed combustion device for cold start of diesel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that a metal grid plate (12) is arranged upstream of the flame in the combustion chamber (1). 6、按权利要求1所述的用于柴油机冷启动的辅助预混燃烧装置，其特征在于，所述的电加热丝或电加热棒(4)由柴油机载蓄电池供电加热。6. The auxiliary premixed combustion device for cold start of diesel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, said electric heating wire or electric heating rod (4) is powered and heated by the battery onboard the diesel engine.
CNB2004100308432A 2004-04-08 2004-04-08 Assistant premixed burner of diesel engine for cool start Expired - Fee Related CN1328497C (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100458281C (en) * 2006-07-05 2009-02-04 山东大学 Evaporation mixing combustion mode for liquid fuel and combustion chamber therefor
EP2110601A1 (en) 2008-04-15 2009-10-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Burner
CN106930838B (en) * 2017-03-16 2018-04-17 北京驰宇空天技术发展有限公司 A kind of aero-engine ignition device and ignition method using aviation kerosine
CN109084986A (en) * 2018-09-18 2018-12-25 江苏心源航空科技有限公司 A kind of combustion test ultrasonic fuel atomising device
CN109268147B (en) * 2018-12-03 2023-05-09 刘慕华 Ignition method and ignition device of gas turbine
CN114635774B (en) * 2022-03-04 2024-07-19 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Cold start tail gas temperature control method and system for diesel engine
CN116792747A (en) * 2022-03-18 2023-09-22 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Premixed combustion device

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2035802U (en) * 1988-02-06 1989-04-12 王富 Low-temperature-starting preheating device for internal combustion engine
EP1002946A2 (en) * 1998-11-19 2000-05-24 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Fuel system with starting aid for combustion engines
CN2500830Y (en) * 2001-04-06 2002-07-17 杜鸿钧 Low-temp starting preheater for automobile
CN2758507Y (en) * 2004-04-13 2006-02-15 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Auxiliary premixed combustion device used for diesel oil engine cold starting

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2035802U (en) * 1988-02-06 1989-04-12 王富 Low-temperature-starting preheating device for internal combustion engine
EP1002946A2 (en) * 1998-11-19 2000-05-24 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Fuel system with starting aid for combustion engines
CN2500830Y (en) * 2001-04-06 2002-07-17 杜鸿钧 Low-temp starting preheater for automobile
CN2758507Y (en) * 2004-04-13 2006-02-15 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Auxiliary premixed combustion device used for diesel oil engine cold starting

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