CN1312525A - Visited manikin - Google Patents
Visited manikin Download PDFInfo
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- CN1312525A CN1312525A CN 01109977 CN01109977A CN1312525A CN 1312525 A CN1312525 A CN 1312525A CN 01109977 CN01109977 CN 01109977 CN 01109977 A CN01109977 A CN 01109977A CN 1312525 A CN1312525 A CN 1312525A
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- model
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- visit
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Abstract
The present invention relate to a kind of human body model special for visit, which is characterized by that in the interior of said human body model all the organs capable of simulating their respective physiologic function and movement can be observed visibly.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of for the manikin of visiting, especially can enter into the inside of manikin, can observe each internal organs of human body, organ, and these internal organs, organ can be simulated a kind of like this manikin of the physiological function activity of human organ itself.
The structure of human body self is for we most of people, still very fuzzy notion, and the especially distribution of each internal organs of inside of human body, they finish mode of physiological function separately or the like.Though the course of physiological hygiene aspect has all been offered in present middle school, do not carry out resembling human dissection and educate so intuitively.Some countries in Europe have corpse is placed on some the local masses' of confession visits, improve popular understanding to the human physiological structure, carry out scientific popularization education.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of manikin of specializing in visit, they can have various sizes and be various postures, can being placed on all over the world, park, recreation ground, science and technology center etc. locate to visit for the visitor, thereby improve popular understanding to human body itself, understand body science's secret, the double action that plays a kind of science popularization and view and admire.
The people that this model will imitate comprises man, woman, ethnic group has yellow, white people, black race, brown race etc., and can apish all age group, but usually be 15 years old to 70 years old, posture comprises stands, sits, lies, partly lies, lies on the back, lies on one's side, falls etc.The size of model is 10-1000 a times of imitated person, preferably imitated person's 20 to 800 times, the 50-500 that is more preferably imitated person doubly, this imitated person for example has 15 years old man juvenile or the woman is juvenile, 20 years old young man or young woman, 80 years old great grand father or old lady.
Model of the present invention is finished by the following method.
1, manufacturer's body case
General preceding more than half part and the back smaller part of dividing of people's body case is partly made, and preceding more than half part comprises front, the left and right side of human body, and back smaller part partly comprises the back of human body.Lean against on the seat if human body is a clinostatism or lie, the human body back directly forms coating with coating and makes on this supporting body.Can make the model of head, four limbs, trunk with mould of plastics respectively, leave import and export and the fire exit of visiting for human body, pass through welding rod or glue connection together then, form people's body case at certain position; Perhaps make earlier and amplify the human body external form, on external form, stamp gypsum again, carve out the human appearance profile, as head, eyes, nose, face, ear, trunk, four limbs etc.Thereon with reinforced plastic glass fibre cloth coating coating, the number of plies of coating generally between the 4-30 layer, between the preferred 6-12 layer, also leaves import and export and the fire exit of visiting for human body at certain position then.Remove gypsum etc. behind the dry forming, obtain the shell of human body.
If the four limbs of human body are made with mould, they can constitute turning joint with being connected of trunk, by motor drives, can make some and raise one's hand, wave, lift actions such as leg.
2, make human internal organ and organ
Each internal organs of inside of human body and organ are according to institute's magnification ratio, and the shape of simulation human organ is all finished with mould of plastics.Can choose the title of putting on each organ wantonly.The various internal organs of model adopt plastics or rubber, and engineering plastics that preferred intensity is high such as polycarbonate, polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide etc. are made.It would be desirable that all plastic assemblies all adopt fiberglass to make, the simulation heart adopts natural or synthetic rubber, preferred synthetic silicon rubber.The painted of internal organs can be realized by add pigment in making its plastics, perhaps paints the color the same with human organ with coating, utilizes light of all kinds to realize after perhaps in being assembled into model.
Lungs are made with polyfoam, and inside has many passages interiorly in the past to inflate and exhaust outward, and with motor drives inflation and exhaust blower, the respiratory rate of simulation human body is breathed for 18-20 time/minute like that.
Heart generally selects rubber to make, and the centre is hollow.Use cam motor drives blower fan, it is beated 70-90 time as the human heart per minute.Each trunk of heart adopts the on and off of lining up the light of string along blood vessel to carry out successively, comes the ejaculation of lively simulation heart blood and returns.Wherein can use red expression arterial blood, green or blue expression venous blood.
As long as kidney, liver, gall-bladder, stomach, oesophagus, bladder etc. are made the CF of itself,, also can simulate the wriggling of oesophagus, stomach etc. certainly in human body because the amplitude that these organs move is less.
Enteron aisle couples together with glue or welding rod after making one section one section with mould.In oesophagus, stomach and enteron aisle, carry liquid with motor drives liquid pump, the simulation food gastral process of flowing through.
Though plastics are preferable material, above various models can be used material such as concrete, metal, wood.
3, visit the manufacturing and the design of passage
Visiting passage is generally made by material transparent and that intensity is high, as unorganic glass etc., but generally be high and shock proof plastics with intensity, polypropylene for example, polyester, polyamide, the polystyrene of polystyrene and impact modification, engineering plastics that preferred intensity is high such as polycarbonate, polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide etc., these plastics can be filled reinforcer or fortifying fibre (fiberglass), and filling vitreous fibre such as nylon short fibre are processed into transparent grp in transparent resin.
Need to prove that when the large percentage that amplifies, when for example reaching 1000 times, enteron aisle can be directly as passage, people can enter enteron aisle and visit, and enteron aisle is transparent, sees through enteron aisle and can see parenteral organ-tissue.Even can enter bladder, intrauterine is visited.Visiting passage can also lay to the human body upper and lower extremities.
Visiting passage can be designed to varied.For example can around splanchnocoel, lay annular and visit passage, also can lay vertical shape and visit passage in the center of trunk.Or the combination of the two.The preferably combination of the two.Vertebra can be seen downwards in the circular passage, can see left side, spleen, pancreas, colon descendens, sigmoid colon of left lung, stomach etc. left successively; Can see right lung, liver, the colon ascendens etc. successively to the right.The vertical passage of center can be seen oesophagus, tracheae, heart, two lung, stomach, liver, duodenum, pancreas, intestine and small intestine, bladder, uterus, ovary etc.
If manikin is stood, visit passage and generally design oblique line shape, for example, the two sides is provided with the visit passage of two intersections before and after in splanchnocoel, the top and the bottom of splanchnocoel are parallel visit passages, and the visitor can get on from a cross aisle, gets off from another cross aisle again.
Generally make sectional visit passage earlier, connect into integral body by bolt or welding rod or glue again.
The visit passage also can be designed to the open corridor with railing.
At last people's body case, internal organs and organ and the visit channel group of above manufacturing are dressed up manikin, promptly finished last making.The posture difference that human body is got, the program of installation also may be different.Generally be that inner each internal organs are installed earlier on supporter, the junction connects with resin glue or welding rod or bolt, installs then and fix the visit passage, and people's body case is installed again.
The accompanying drawing note
Accompanying drawing 1 is the synoptic diagram of channels designs of the present invention, the 1st, and annular is visited passage, and the 2nd, vertically visit passage, the 3rd, inlet, the 4th, outlet, 5-8 is the fire exit, the 9th, and lungs, the 10th, heart, the 11st, stomach, the 12nd, liver, the 13rd, large intestine, the 14th, small intestine, the 15th, ovary, the 16th, bladder, the 17th, uterus.
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described.
Embodiment 1
This model is 1 maiden of 17 years old, 1.68 meters of heights, and skin is white, long hair, oxeye, thin eyebrow, Roman nose has just been swum, and wears swimming suit, lies on the couch and gets sun.Magnification ratio is 100 times.
One, makes couch
Become dark 1.8 meters platform at the subsurface of placing couch with cement casting with angle steel.Couch is made by angle steel.Be the steel plate of 20 * 1.5 * 0.08m below the human body place of leaning against, constitute the part of couch, the interior outer wrapping fiberglass of steel plate, top and human body bottom are connected as a single entity.The couch base is made with 60 * 60 angle steel, angle steel external application epoxy resin and glass fabric are wrapped, and coat unsaturated polyester, are coated with externally with unsaturated polyester resin again, make it have certain smooth finish, such once the white couch of (amplifying 100 times) has been formed.
Two, the external type of producer
The human body external form is made with the carpenter according to the ratio of amplifying, and its posture should adapt with couch.The human body overall height is 168 meters.After stamping gypsum, carve out the body configuration, comprise head, hair, eye, ear, mouth, nose, eyebrow, trunk, four limbs etc.Parcel reinforced plastic glass fibre cloth is coated with unsaturated polyester more thereon, and human body top is coated with 6 layers; The local of seat chair directly is coated with on the steel plate of seat below the human body, is coated with 12 layers.Then wood, gypsum etc. is all removed, people's body case is painted the same with unsaturated polyester resin again with the colour of skin of human body.Coat the color of swimming suit, swimming trunks again at chest and hip with the colouring unsaturated polyester resin.
Three, make human internal organs
Each organ is all finished with mould in the human body.
Lung's material is a polyurethane foam plastics, and inside is provided with many passages, can interiorly in the past inflate and exhaust outward, and with 1 inflation of motor drives and the exhaust blower of power 0.8, the cycle is per minute 18 times, equals the respiratory rate of human body.
Heart is made with rubber, and 6 centimetres of rubber thicknesses inner support with steel wire, are connected to human body couch bottom with breather line, use the driven by motor blower fan, beats its heart that resembles real human body by inflating inward to make.
Enteron aisle is made raw material with the pink colour Polyvinylchloride, after segmentation is made one section one section with mould, couple together with 502 glue again, under the human body couch, load onto pipeline, in esophagus, carry liquid with power 1.5 motor drives liquid pumps, because the pink colour enteron aisle is transparent a bit, thus can see that liquid past current downflow is slowly arranged in the enteron aisle, as the food enteron aisle of flowing through.
Spleen, pancreas, oesophagus, liver, uterus, bladder, ovary etc. are all made raw material with Polyvinylchloride, make with mould.Coat color again.
At the position of bone and muscle slot milling.
Four, make passage
Passage is made with the simple glass steel, and the passage inner height is 2 meters, and width is 0.8 meter, and the thickness of passage is 0.20 meter.Around the human body splanchnocoel, build annular visit passage, in the middle of laryngopharynx portion to anus is built one, visit passage again, pass through oesophagus, two lung, heart, liver, stomach, pancreas, duodenum, backlash intestines, colon, bladder and uterus on the way.The place that two passes intersects communicates, and promptly can enter another passage from a passage.
Passage is made 5 meter one joint, and each joint connects by welding rod and glue, and the lower end is fixed by welding rod and glue and bottom.Notch cuttype is made in the inside of the passage of seat tilting section, conveniently to walk up and down.
Five, installation procedure
Inner each internal organs are installed earlier on couch successively.Two lungs that at first will make are placed in the top of chaise longue, and tracheae in the connection connects the inflation sebific duct before the tracheae bifurcated, are communicated with the motor under the seat.Arrangement oesophagus below tracheae, the beginning of oesophagus is connected with the pipe of carrying liquid, and pipe is connected with liquid pump under the chair.Settle heart in the middle of two lungs, have sustainer, pulmonary artery, superior and inferior vena cava that string shape bulb is housed on the heart, these blood vessels seal in fact, and having only the inflation sebific duct that connects motor, realization heartbeat is hollow.Put barrier film then under two lungs, liver is put in the barrier film bottom right, center-left arrangement stomach, be connected with glue with welding rod with oesophagus, spleen is laid on the left side of stomach, lays pancreas below, and small intestine that then will the section of one-tenth is connected with welding rod with 505 glue with stomach, terminal ileum is connected with large intestine, large intestine is terminal to be connected with anus, and anus seals, and Sigmoidocolic lower end connects a sebific duct, pass to below the chair, reclaim flowing liquid in the enteron aisle.Load onto uterus, ovary and bladder in pelvic cavity, internal organ are settled substantially and are finished.
The inlet of visiting passage is at neck, from neck, in the traveling of the left side of tracheae, during to heart, along right side of heart, the right border to the lower edge stomach proceeds to duodenum, turn downwards to colon ascendens left border,, draw close to the centre during to the traveling of human body bottom along the colon ascendens, when reaching uterus and bladder to pelvic cavity, lateral margin along uterus and bladder is walked downwards again, up to outlet down.
After installing passage, refill the last people's body case that is shaped, load onto the ladder and the ladder that enter inlet then, promptly finished production process of the present invention from exporting.
Embodiment 2
This model is 1 maiden of 18 years old, 1.68 meters of heights, and long hair, oxeye, health couches, and wears underwear, and the right hand is stroked head, and left hand is sagging, left leg flexing, right leg stretches.Magnification ratio is 50 times.
1, makes supporter
Supporter is long 100 meters, wide 50 meters, dark 3 meters concrete platform.The height that platform bassets is 0.3 meter.The platform the inside has basement, is used to install power equipment and devices such as pump, blower fan.Manikin lies on this supporter.
2, producer's body profile
Make the rough model of human body with the carpenter, stamp gypsum, carve out the body configuration, as head, hair, eye, ear, mouth, nose, trunk, four limbs etc.Again on this model with 10 layers of unsaturated resin coating of reinforced plastic glass fibre casting, reserve body part and touch the place of supporter and the gateway of neck, podex, right and left shoulders and two crotch position.After the drying, peel off wood, gypsum, form the human body glass fibre reinforced plastics casing.Brush polyester coating, make color the same and smoothness with skin.
3, make human organ
Human organ is made identical with embodiment 1, and just magnification ratio is 50 times.
4, make the visit passage
Visit the passage that passage is made into the band railing.Be provided with the circular passage around splanchnocoel, the centre is provided with vertical visit passage, and its traveling is described identical with embodiment 1, and the two communicates in the place that intersects, and that is to say, can enter another passage by a passage.Channel width is 1 meter, directly is built on supporter with masonry.
5, installation procedure
At first 12 layers coating is coated with unsaturated polyester in the human body back present position on supporter, puts various organs more according to the order of sequence.Various organs are connected with welding rod with glue.Sectional enteron aisle is tightly connected with 505 glue and welding rod, and wherein lung, heart, oesophagus etc. connect the pipeline of inflation or conveying liquid respectively, are connected with blower fan with the pump of basement respectively.After various organs are put, lay the visit passage of being with railing with middle with masonry again around splanchnocoel, the general high 30-50 of visit passage all around centimetre high, and the height of railing is 1 meter.Middle passage is identical with the direction that detours of embodiment 1, and height that it is piled up and rail height also are 30-50 centimetre and 1 meter.And then the human body glass fibre reinforced plastics casing of installation once-forming.Promptly make human body and visited model.
Claims (12)
1, a kind of manikin is characterized in that people can enter into the inside visit of this model.
2, the model of claim 1 it is characterized in that this model has various organs such as the lung of human body, heart, liver, stomach, enteron aisle, and these organs can be simulated the physiological function activity of the organ of human body own.
3, the model of claim 1 is characterized in that this model can imitate various ages, various sex and various ethnic group, comprises the people of the yellow race, the white race, black race and brown race.
4, the model of claim 1, the ratio that it is characterized in that this model amplification are 10-1000 times of imitated person.
5, the model of claim 5, the ratio that it is characterized in that this model amplification are 50-100 times of imitated person.
6, the model of claim 1 is characterized in that this model inside is provided with the visit passage, and this passage can be transparent, sealing, also can be open corridor.
7, the model of claim 6 is characterized in that the material of visiting passage is selected from polypropylene, polyester, polyamide, polystyrene, the polystyrene of impact modification, polycarbonate, polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide and polyimide, these plastics can be filled reinforcer or fortifying fibre.
8, the model of claim 1 is characterized in that the lungs of this model can simulate the breathing of human body, and what heart can anthropomorphic dummy's systemic heart beats, and alimentary canal can be simulated the state that food is flowed through.
9, the model of claim 1, the posture that it is characterized in that this model is for standing, sit, lie, partly lie, lie on the back, lie on one's side or falling.
10, the model of claim 1 is characterized in that the internal organs of this model are made with plastics, timber or metal material.
11, the model of claim 1 is characterized in that the four limbs of this model can be made actions such as raising one's hand, wave, lift leg by motor drives.
12, the method for the model of preparation claim 1 comprises preparation model shell, inner internal organs, visits passage, the step of assembling above-mentioned parts.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01109977 CN1312525A (en) | 2001-03-28 | 2001-03-28 | Visited manikin |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01109977 CN1312525A (en) | 2001-03-28 | 2001-03-28 | Visited manikin |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1312525A true CN1312525A (en) | 2001-09-12 |
Family
ID=4658257
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01109977 Pending CN1312525A (en) | 2001-03-28 | 2001-03-28 | Visited manikin |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1312525A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102268928A (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2011-12-07 | 彭军华 | Enormous human body structure model |
| CN103985302A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-08-13 | 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 | Device easy to maintain and for extracting heavy metal entering respiratory system |
| CN103983483A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-08-13 | 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 | Extraction apparatus for heavy metals in air |
| CN105427721A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2016-03-23 | 智能衣架远东有限公司 | Magnetically coupled dummy joint |
| CN109036061A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-18 | 徐州医科大学 | A kind of Digital stomach and intestine machine simulation operations training simulation people and preparation method thereof |
-
2001
- 2001-03-28 CN CN 01109977 patent/CN1312525A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102268928A (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2011-12-07 | 彭军华 | Enormous human body structure model |
| CN103985302A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-08-13 | 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 | Device easy to maintain and for extracting heavy metal entering respiratory system |
| CN103983483A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-08-13 | 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 | Extraction apparatus for heavy metals in air |
| CN105427721A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2016-03-23 | 智能衣架远东有限公司 | Magnetically coupled dummy joint |
| CN109036061A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-18 | 徐州医科大学 | A kind of Digital stomach and intestine machine simulation operations training simulation people and preparation method thereof |
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