CN1312155C - Method for separating and purifying 9-nitrocamptothecin - Google Patents
Method for separating and purifying 9-nitrocamptothecin Download PDFInfo
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- CN1312155C CN1312155C CNB2005100234950A CN200510023495A CN1312155C CN 1312155 C CN1312155 C CN 1312155C CN B2005100234950 A CNB2005100234950 A CN B2005100234950A CN 200510023495 A CN200510023495 A CN 200510023495A CN 1312155 C CN1312155 C CN 1312155C
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- VHXNKPBCCMUMSW-FQEVSTJZSA-N rubitecan Chemical compound C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C2C=C(CN3C4=CC5=C(C3=O)COC(=O)[C@]5(O)CC)C4=NC2=C1 VHXNKPBCCMUMSW-FQEVSTJZSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
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- VSJKWCGYPAHWDS-FQEVSTJZSA-N camptothecin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C(CN3C4=CC5=C(C3=O)COC(=O)[C@]5(O)CC)C4=NC2=C1 VSJKWCGYPAHWDS-FQEVSTJZSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- KLBIUKJOZFWCLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium(iii) nitrate Chemical compound [Tl+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KLBIUKJOZFWCLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for separating and purifying 9-nitrocamptothecin. After the camptothecin is nitrified by concentrated sulfuric acid/nitric acid, the acid liquid containing the crude product is absorbed by macroporous absorption resin, and the 9-nitrocamptothecin crude product is obtained by desorption. Separating by chromatography silica gel filled chromatography column chromatography with 10-40% 9-nitrocamptothecin, and gradient eluting with low-toxicity n-hexane, ethyl acetate and their mixture as eluent to obtain 9-nitrocamptothecin refined product. The eluent after the leaching is subjected to rotary evaporation to recover the solvent, and then is subjected to vacuum drying under reduced pressure to obtain 99.5-99.9% of 9-nitrocamptothecin. The method has the advantages of simple process, recyclable solvent eluent, low cost, no pollution in the purification process and environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biological chemistry isolation technique, be specifically related to a kind of method of adsorbing a chromatography chromatography separation and purification 9-nitrocamptothecin crude product and preparing high purity 9-nitrocamptothecin.
Background technology
Camptothecine (camptothecin) is the root that is present in Nyssaceae drought Nelumbo deciduous tree camplotheca acuminata (Camptothecaacuminata), skin, the alkaloid in stem and the seed.People's extraction separation from the camplotheca acuminata stem such as wall went out this alkaloid in 1966,, demonstrated strong antitumour activity, and then had caused people's very big concern mouse leukemia and watt gram cancer test external.The U.S., Japan, countries such as Canada and Britain actively drop into the exploitation of camptothecine and analogue thereof, have synthesized hundreds of derivatives and have carried out biochemical screening.Many medicines or be about to carry out clinical study.Camptothecine becomes after taxol second by the important cancer therapy drug of plant milk extract deutero-.Now no matter from practical application, or on the new drug development, the camptothecin anticarcinogen all is one of the most popular in the world cancer therapy drug.
The 9-nitrocamptothecin has demonstrated the major application prospect in cancer for the treatment of some type such as carcinoma of the pancreas.
The 9-nitrocamptothecin is to be that raw material gets through nitration reaction with isolating camptothecine in the camplotheca acuminata.Camptothecine is that the five rings condenses system, and 9 and 12 electric charges of condensed phenyl ring are bigger, thereby primary product is 9-nitrocamptothecin and 12-nitrocamptothecin in nitrifying process.Because the 12-nitrocamptothecin is close with 9-nitrocamptothecin structure, and 12-nitrocamptothecin content is than 9-nitrocamptothecin content height in crude product, therefore, separation is removed does not have the 12-of pharmaceutical activity nitrocamptothecin and prepares the highly purified medicinal very challenging problem of 9-nitrocamptothecin compound one-tenth that is fit to.
Japanese Patent 59-51288 provides-and the excessive a little concentrated nitric acid of kind of usefulness handles the method that camptothecine prepares the 9-nitrocamptothecin in the vitriol oil.But, when using this method, obtain can be used for the 9-nitrocamptothecin of medicinal use, yield only about 3% to 7%.Separate and the method for purification 9-nitrocamptothecin expend time in long, expense is big.
Further attempt among the world patent WO 09907709A improving the yield of 9-nitrocamptothecin and seeking suitable separation method.Can make the stable yield of pure 9-nitrocamptothecin 20 ± 1% by selecting one or more inorganic nitrates and acid to carry out nitration reaction.Though the productive rate of inorganic salt nitrofication process is high slightly, it uses inorganic heavy metal nitrate such as thallium trinitrate (TTN) etc. severe toxicity, can strengthen the difficulty of subsequent separation process.Reaction solution after camptothecine is nitrated is to going in the frozen water, and the mixed acid liquid after nitrated with dichloromethane extraction is stripped to dichloromethane extraction liquid with water then.9-nitrocamptothecin crude product, is added on the silicagel column with diatomite adsorption with chloroform/methanol dissolving back, obtains 9-nitrocamptothecin monomer and mixture with chloroform/methanol leacheate wash-out.Need to consume a large amount of solvents because of extracting in the crude product purification process in this technological process, the loaded down with trivial details and difficult amplification of technological process, methylene chloride that adopts in the technology and trichloromethane are state-promulgated pharmacopoeia and limit the use of solvent, and operating environment is more abominable.
Summary of the invention
It is simple to the objective of the invention is to set up a kind of technological operation, and solvent and leacheate are capable of circulation to be applied mechanically, and environmental friendliness is convenient to the method for preparing purification 9-nitrocamptothecin highly finished product of fairly large suitability for industrialized production.
For achieving the above object, the scheme taked of the present invention is:
1). camptothecine makes the mixed acid liquid of camptothecine nitration product behind the vitriol oil/nitric acid nitrating.
2). the mixed acid liquid of camptothecine nitration product is the low-carbon (LC) alcohols of 1-5 through absorption with macroporous adsorbent resin with the carbonatoms, and low-carbon (LC) ketone wash-out can get 9-nitrocamptothecin crude product.
3). with the silica gel chromatography chromatographic separation and purification, with normal hexane, ethyl acetate is an eluent with 9-nitrocamptothecin crude product, successively with a) normal hexane; B) normal hexane: ethyl acetate is 2: 1 to 1: 1 a mixed solution; C) normal hexane: ethyl acetate is 1: 1 to 2: 3 mixed solution; D) 100% ethyl acetate is carried out gradient elution, Fractional Collections leacheate respectively.
4). described leacheate reclaims solvent through rotary evaporation, is drying to obtain purity 99.5% above 9-nitrocamptothecin through reduced vacuum again.
This method technology is simple, and the eluent solvent agent is recyclable applies mechanically, and cost is low, and purge process is pollution-free, compliance with environmental protection requirements.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet;
Fig. 2 is the high pressure liquid chromatography figure of 9-nitrocamptothecin crude product;
Fig. 3 is the hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectrogram of the pure product of 9-nitrocamptothecin;
Fig. 4 is the high pressure liquid chromatography figure of the pure product of 9-nitrocamptothecin.
Embodiment
Raw material of camptothecine among the present invention is the product of commercially available 90%-99%.Sulfuric acid, nitric acid, normal hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone are analytical pure, and water is deionized water.High pressure liquid chromatographic analysis is chromatographically pure with acetonitrile, water, and chromatographic instrument is HP/Agilent 1100 types, and chromatographic column is HP/Agilent4.6 * 100mmC
18Post, 3.5 μ m.Macroporous adsorbent resin is commercially available Shanghai Huazhen Science and Technology Co., Ltd. product, be product HZ802, HZ803, the HZ816,1300,1400 of vinylbenzene-divinylbenzene as skeleton structure, or skeleton structure is the product HZ841 of acrylate-divinylbenzene etc.Silica gel for chromatography is Qingdao Marine Chemical Co., Ltd.'s product.Rotary Evaporators is the triumphant Science and Technology Ltd. of a last sea cowry product, and XT-4 binocular micro melting point apparatus is Tyke, Beijing Instr Ltd. product, U.S. VARRIAN 300MHZ nuclear magnetic resonance analyser.
By can helping the understanding of the present invention, and do not limit content of the present invention to following embodiment.
Add vitriol oil 1500ml in the flask of 2000ml, place ice-salt bath to be cooled to Nei Wen-5 ℃.Stir powder 5 grams (0.0143mole) that in batches add camptothecine down, reaction solution is orange red.After treating dissolving fully, stir down and slowly splash into concentrated nitric acid 4.5ml (65%～68%), add half an hour, reaction solution becomes black.Finish ,-5 ℃ were stirred one hour down, slowly were warming up to room temperature then, stirred stopped reaction after 72 hours.Reaction solution is poured in the 2000 gram frozen water, and the mixed acid liquid that gets the camptothecine nitration product is standby.
With about 300 grams of macroporous adsorbent resin HZ-802 (conventional treatment method according to ion exchange resin and the polymeric adsorbent is handled) diameter of handling well of packing into is 5cm, and length is in the glass column of 60cm, and the lower end is a teflon piston.The husky core of piston upper end is No. 2 husky cores.Above-mentioned product got under the mixed acid liquid room temperature feed in the glass column, led in about 3 hours, washing gets 9-nitrocamptothecin crude product elutriant with ethanol elution, Rotary Evaporators evaporated under reduced pressure solvent gets 9-nitrocamptothecin crude product 5.1 grams, is 30% (see figure 2) through high pressure liquid chromatography check purity.
9-nitrocamptothecin crude product is adsorbed on diatomite 20 gram, and getting 500 gram 100-200 purpose chromatographic silica gels, to be packed into diameter be 5cm, in the glass column of length 60cm, uses a) normal hexane of 500ml successively; B) 1000ml normal hexane: ethyl acetate is 2: 1 a mixed solution; C) 500ml normal hexane: ethyl acetate is 1: 1 a mixed solution; D) the ethyl acetate drip washing of 500ml, get a, b, c, four kinds of leacheates of d, respectively by Rotary Evaporators evaporated under reduced pressure solvent, wherein b part leacheate can get about 1.1 grams of yellow powder, and its fusing point is 275.5-277 ℃, from proton nmr spectra collection of illustrative plates (see figure 3) as seen, data consistent with world patent WO 09907709A
1HNMR (CD) Cl
3, 300H
2), 1.05 (3H, t), 1.92 (2H, m), 5.40 (2H, s), 5.55 (2H, dd), 7.70 (1H, s), 7.95 (1H, t), 8.48 (1H, d), 8.53 (1H, d), 9.36 (1H, s).High pressure liquid chromatography check 9-nitrocamptothecin purity is that 99.6% (see figure 4) c partly can separate with crossing post behind the Rotary Evaporators evaporated under reduced pressure solvent again for the mixture that contains a spot of 9-nitrocamptothecin, a, the d component does not all contain the 9-nitrocamptothecin, available Rotary Evaporators decompression and solvent recovery.
Embodiment 2
Make the mixed acid liquid of camptothecine nitration product by the method identical with embodiment 1, the employing macroporous adsorbent resin is HZ-816, and elutriant is an acetone.Silica gel column chromatography separates silica gel and adopts 200-400 order chromatographic silica gel, and the leacheate proportioning changes into: a) normal hexane of 500m1; B) 1000ml normal hexane: ethyl acetate is 4: 3 a mixed solution; C) 500ml normal hexane: ethyl acetate is 2: 3 a mixed solution; D) the ethyl acetate drip washing of 500ml, other are by equipment identical with embodiment 1 and processing step operation, and b part leacheate can get yellow powder 1.2 grams through underpressure distillation, and its fusing point is 275.5-277 ℃, and high pressure liquid chromatography check purity is 99.7%.
Make the mixed acid liquid of camptothecine nitration product by the method identical with embodiment 1, the employing macroporous adsorbent resin is HZ-841, and elutriant is a methyl alcohol.The isolating leacheate proportioning of silica gel column chromatography changes into: a) normal hexane of 500ml; B) 1000ml normal hexane: ethyl acetate is 6: 5 a mixed solution; C) 500ml normal hexane: ethyl acetate is 2: 3 a mixed solution; D) the ethyl acetate drip washing of 500ml, other are by equipment identical with embodiment 1 and processing step operation, and b part leacheate can get yellow powder 1.3 grams through underpressure distillation, and its fusing point is 275.5-277 ℃, and high pressure liquid chromatography check purity is 99.6%.
Embodiment 4
Make the mixed acid liquid of camptothecine nitration product by the method identical with embodiment 1, the employing macroporous adsorbent resin is HZ-803, and elutriant is a propyl alcohol.Other are by equipment identical with embodiment 1 and processing step operation, and b part leacheate can get yellow powder 1.1 grams through underpressure distillation, and its fusing point is 275.5-277 ℃, and high pressure liquid chromatography check purity is 99.7%.
Embodiment 5
Make the mixed acid liquid of camptothecine nitration product by the method identical with embodiment 1, adopting macroporous adsorbent resin is 1300, and elutriant is a butanone.Other are by equipment identical with embodiment 1 and processing step operation, and b part leacheate can get yellow powder 1.2 grams through underpressure distillation, and its fusing point is 275.5-277 ℃, and high pressure liquid chromatography check purity is 99.6%.
Embodiment 6
Make the mixed acid liquid of camptothecine nitration product by the method identical with embodiment 1, adopting macroporous adsorbent resin is 1400, and elutriant is an acetone.Other are by equipment identical with embodiment 1 and processing step operation, and b part leacheate can get yellow powder 1.0 grams through underpressure distillation, and its fusing point is 275.5-277 ℃, and high pressure liquid chromatography check purity is 99.5%.
Claims (5)
1. the method for a separation and purification 9-nitrocamptothecin comprises camptothecine behind the vitriol oil/nitric acid nitrating, makes the mixed acid liquid of camptothecine nitration product, adsorbs a chromatography then and separates, and it is characterized in that:
1). the mixed acid liquid of camptothecine nitration product is the low-carbon (LC) alcohols of 1-5 through absorption with macroporous adsorbent resin with the carbonatoms, low-carbon (LC) ketone wash-out, Rotary Evaporators evaporated under reduced pressure solvent obtains 9-nitrocamptothecin crude product;
2). with the silica gel chromatography chromatographic separation and purification, with normal hexane, ethyl acetate is an eluent with 9-nitrocamptothecin crude product, successively with a) normal hexane; B) normal hexane: ethyl acetate is 2: 1 to 1: 1 a mixed solution; C) normal hexane: ethyl acetate is 1: 1 to 2: 3 mixed solution; D) 100% ethyl acetate is carried out gradient elution, the Fractional Collections leacheate:
3). described leacheate is through the Rotary Evaporators decompression and solvent recovery, and enriched material gets purity 99.5% above 9-nitrocamptothecin through the reduced vacuum drying.
2. the method for separation and purification 9-nitrocamptothecin according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the skeleton structure of described macroporous adsorbent resin is vinylbenzene-divinylbenzene or acrylate-divinylbenzene copolymer.
3. the method for separation and purification 9-nitrocamptothecin according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described low-carbon (LC) alcohols is methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, and the low-carbon (LC) ketone is acetone, butanone.
4. the method for separation and purification 9-nitrocamptothecin according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the chromatographic silica gel of filling in the chromatographic column in the described silica gel chromatography, specification are 100～400 orders, and the silicagel column upper end is with diatomite adsorption 9-nitrocamptothecin crude product.
5. the method for separation and purification 9-nitrocamptothecin according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the macroporous adsorbent resin of described vinylbenzene-divinylbenzene skeleton structure is a kind of among HZ802, HZ-803, the HZ-816,1300,1400, and the macroporous adsorbent resin of acrylate-divinylbenzene skeleton structure is HZ-841.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100234950A CN1312155C (en) | 2005-01-21 | 2005-01-21 | Method for separating and purifying 9-nitrocamptothecin |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100234950A CN1312155C (en) | 2005-01-21 | 2005-01-21 | Method for separating and purifying 9-nitrocamptothecin |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1760195A CN1760195A (en) | 2006-04-19 |
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| CN103130814B (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2016-03-09 | 上海医药工业研究院 | Two kinds of 9-nitrocamptothecin new crystal and preparation method thereof |
| CN105272990A (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2016-01-27 | 中山大学 | Method for extracting and separation of camptothecin from Nothapodytes pittosporoides |
| CN104628737B (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2017-06-06 | 华南理工大学 | Two kinds of 9 nitrocamptothecins of novel crystal forms and preparation method thereof |
| CN109206432A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-15 | 江苏汉邦科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of camptothecine monomer |
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