CN1308065C - Uniform phase distribution device in liquid contained multiphase fluidized system - Google Patents
Uniform phase distribution device in liquid contained multiphase fluidized system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种含液多相流化体系中各相均匀分配装置，在下管箱的底部设置有物料进口，在下管箱的上部设置套管结构，所述套管结构至少由2个管子嵌套组成，本发明主要涉及那些固相密度大于液相的含液多相体系。通过预分布器的设置及主分布器套管结构，可以使多相流体在较短的空间和较小的压降下，达到稳定流化状态，形成等含率体。之后，含液多相体系从套管的不同区域均匀进入到换热管束或反应管束中。加入本发明装置后，改造后的换热设备能够长期、平稳、高效的运转，提高能源的利用率，减少停车和清洗次数，提高经济效益。当用于多管流化床时，易于流化床反应器的工业放大。
The invention discloses a device for evenly distributing each phase in a liquid-containing multiphase fluidization system. A material inlet is arranged at the bottom of the lower pipe box, and a casing structure is arranged at the upper part of the lower pipe box. The casing structure consists of at least two pipes. Nested composition, the present invention mainly relates to those liquid-containing multiphase systems in which the density of the solid phase is greater than that of the liquid phase. Through the setting of the pre-distributor and the casing structure of the main distributor, the multi-phase fluid can reach a stable fluidized state and form an isovolumetric body in a short space and a small pressure drop. Afterwards, the liquid-containing multiphase system uniformly enters the heat exchange tube bundle or the reaction tube bundle from different regions of the casing. After adding the device of the present invention, the transformed heat exchange equipment can run stably and efficiently for a long time, improve energy utilization, reduce parking and cleaning times, and improve economic benefits. When used in multi-tubular fluidized beds, industrial scale-up of fluidized bed reactors is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat exchange, reaction, crystallization, extraction and extractor, particularly relate to a kind of heterogeneous uniform distribution device.
Background technology
Containing the liquid heterogeneous system has a wide range of applications in fields such as chemical industry, the energy, food processings.As the application in liquid-solid, vapour (gas)-liquid-solid recirculating fluidized bed heat exchanger, evaporimeter, reboiler, crystallizer, extraction and extraction device and shell and tube fluidized-bed reactor.
Because it is different to contain in the heterogeneous fluidisation system of liquid each phase flow of matter, interaction phase power complexity, being evenly distributed to heat-exchanging tube bundle, bundle of reaction tubes, crystallization tube bank, extraction and extraction tube each phase material intrafascicular is a very stubborn problem always, fails to find out good solution always.If there is not each good uniform phase distribution device, the said equipment just can't normal running.With the solid-liquid two-phase evenly be distributed as example, existing liquid-solid two-phase distributor mainly comprises various forms such as sieve-board type, bubble-cap formula and iris type distributor.But these distributors all exist some problems in commercial Application, as: liquid-solid two-phase distributor all is the lamina structure, and the solid-liquid two-phase also will just can enter even fluidization regions through one section long distance by behind the distribution grid.And for the short lower tube box of length, it is stable that liquid-solid two-phase does not spatially also reach, and solid particle can not be assigned in each tube bank uniformly.Even more serious situation will cause the instability of overall device operation.If the solid particle of some pipe in the heat-exchanging tube bundle is more, solid holdup is bigger in the tube bank, and then resistance is bigger, causes tube wall dirty complexion layer to increase, and pipe blocks the most at last.For the vapour similar with liquid-solid operating condition (gas)-liquid-solid three-phase system, vapour wherein (gas) is steeped oneself-meeting and is aggravated the unstability of whole system.Finally, cause whole vapour (gas)-liquid-solid three-phase system can't operate as normal.Be issued to uniform fluidization even contain the liquid heterogeneous system in the effect of spontaneous current, because the excessive height in distribution grid district, the length of lower tube box increases, and also can bring the manufacturing expense of equipment to increase problems such as fabricating yard expansion.
Patent ZL94222825.1, the method among the ZL91106682.9 has solved the equally distributed problem of liquid-solid two-phase to a certain extent, but still the part that comes with some shortcomings, and is in particular in:
(1) in ZL91106682.9, adopted the straight tube form of band side opening for the even distribution of liquid-solid two-phase.The shortcoming of this version is that the diameter of straight tube and heat exchanger tube is identical.The mass flow of grain flow in the unit interval is bigger, easily causes the lower end of straight tube to be positioned at the boundary place of solid-liquid two-phase.Because the fluctuation of the boundary place of liquid-solid two-phase is bigger, it is bigger that each restrains the arrival end pressure oscillation, and it is also bigger to cause in each tube bank pressure to fall fluctuation, and solid holdup differs bigger in each tube bank.
(2) in ZL94222825.1, the iris type distributor is can the intrafascicular solid holdup of holding tube identical for the less heat exchanger (or reactor) of heat exchanger tube (or reaction tube) number, but for having tens or up to a hundred heat-exchange system, because the locus is limited, too complicated on the structure, implement difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of Uniform phase distribution device in liquid contained multiphase fluidized system is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is summarized as follows:
A kind of Uniform phase distribution device in liquid contained multiphase fluidized system, bottom at lower tube box is provided with material inlet, top at lower tube box is provided with sleeve structure, described sleeve structure is at least by 2 pipe nested compositions, described pipe way is provided with the inwall of locating connector or outer tube and the outer wall of interior pipe is fixedlyed connected, relative position between the tube and tube is concentric or eccentric, outer tube or be heat exchanger tube, reaction tube, crystallizer, extraction and one of extraction tube or be heat exchanger tube, reaction tube, crystallizer, the lower end and the tube connector be combined into of one of extraction and extraction tube, interior pipe lower nozzle is lower than the outer tube lower nozzle, or interior pipe lower nozzle is lower than the intervalve lower nozzle, and described intervalve lower nozzle is lower than the outer tube lower nozzle; The upper orifice of interior pipe is being doubled in the outer tube diameter place between the upper orifice of outer tube under the lower nozzle of outer tube, or the upper orifice of interior pipe is being doubled in intervalve diameter place between the upper orifice of outer tube under the lower nozzle of intervalve, the intervalve upper orifice is being doubled in the outer tube diameter place between the upper orifice of outer tube under the lower nozzle of outer tube, described sleeve structure is at least one.
The cross section of described pipe is circle or ellipse or rectangle or triangle or prismatic or irregular polygon, and described pipe is common heat exchanger tube or is finned heat exchanger tube that described fin is vertical form or horizontal form.
Described locating connector is connecting plate or fixed bar, described connection positioner is at least one, described connecting plate is provided with aperture or annular space, described aperture be shaped as circle or ellipse or rectangle or triangle or prismatic or regular polygon or irregular polygon, described tube connector is provided with tube connector aperture or slit, described tube connector aperture be shaped as square or circular or hexagon or rectangle or regular polygon or irregular polygon.
The bottom of described lower tube box is provided with pre-distributor.
Described pre-distributor is the combined type pre-distributor, described combined type pre-distributor is at least by guide shell, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, two kinds of compositions of multilayer distribution grid, from top to bottom, the setting of combined type pre-distributor is followed successively by guide shell, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, the multilayer distribution grid is provided with, or be followed successively by guide shell, the multilayer distribution grid, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid are provided with, or be followed successively by screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, guide shell, the multilayer distribution grid is provided with, or be followed successively by screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, the multilayer distribution grid, guide shell is provided with, or be followed successively by the multilayer distribution grid, guide shell, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid are provided with, or be followed successively by the multilayer distribution grid, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, guide shell is provided with, or guide shell, the multilayer distribution grid is provided with, or guide shell, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid are provided with, or multilayer distribution grid, guide shell is provided with, or multilayer distribution grid, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid are provided with, or screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, guide shell is provided with, or screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, the multilayer distribution grid is provided with.
At described pre-distributor is sieve-board type pre-distributor or porous plate formula pre-distributor or bubble-cap formula pre-distributor or iris type pre-distributor or single flow pre-distributor or lateral flow type pre-distributor or tubular type pre-distributor or spiral-flow type pre-distributor or multi-layer plate-type pre-distributor or multilayer distribution grid or screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid or guide shell.
Described tube connector is provided with aperture or slit, described aperture be shaped as square hole or for circular hole or for hexagon or for rectangle or other various rules or irregular shape.
A kind of Uniform phase distribution device in liquid contained multiphase fluidized system, bottom at lower tube box is provided with material inlet, middle and lower part at lower tube box is provided with pre-distributor, the top of described lower tube box is provided with the tube connector that is connected with heat exchanger tube or reaction tube or crystallizer, and described tube connector is provided with aperture or slit.
Described pre-distributor is the combined type pre-distributor, described combined type pre-distributor is at least by guide shell, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, two kinds of compositions of multilayer distribution grid, from top to bottom, the setting of combined type pre-distributor is followed successively by guide shell, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, the multilayer distribution grid is provided with, or be followed successively by guide shell, the multilayer distribution grid, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid are provided with, or be followed successively by screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, guide shell, the multilayer distribution grid is provided with, or be followed successively by screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, the multilayer distribution grid, guide shell is provided with, or be followed successively by the multilayer distribution grid, guide shell, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid are provided with, or be followed successively by the multilayer distribution grid, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, guide shell is provided with, or guide shell, the multilayer distribution grid is provided with, or guide shell, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid are provided with, or multilayer distribution grid, guide shell is provided with, or multilayer distribution grid, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid are provided with, or screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, guide shell is provided with, or screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, the multilayer distribution grid is provided with.
Described pre-distributor is sieve-board type pre-distributor or porous plate formula pre-distributor or bubble-cap formula pre-distributor or iris type pre-distributor or single flow pre-distributor or lateral flow type pre-distributor or tubular type pre-distributor or spiral-flow type pre-distributor or multi-layer plate-type pre-distributor or multilayer distribution grid or screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid or guide shell.
This device can be used in heat exchange and the consersion unit in the industries such as chemical industry, power, papermaking, salt manufacturing, refrigeration and food processing.This kind equipment comprises heat exchanger, evaporimeter, crystallizer, reboiler, shell and tube fluidized-bed reactor and extract and separate and extracting separation equipment.
The present invention relates generally to those solid phase density and contains the liquid heterogeneous system greater than liquid phase.By the setting and the main distributor sleeve structure of pre-distributor, can make heterogeneous fluid under short space and less pressure drop, reach the stabilization fluid state, form to wait and contain the rate body.Afterwards, contain the liquid heterogeneous system and evenly enter into heat-exchanging tube bundle or bundle of reaction tubes from the zones of different of sleeve pipe.After adding apparatus of the present invention, improved heat transmission equipment can be for a long time, steadily, running efficiently, improve rate of energy, reduce and stop and wash number, increase economic efficiency.When being used for the multitube fluid bed, the industry that is easy to fluidized-bed reactor is amplified.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of Uniform phase distribution device in liquid contained multiphase fluidized system structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the direct-connected a kind of structure of inner and outer pipes in the sleeve structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is for being connected and fixed a kind of connecting rod eccentric structure figure of device in the sleeve structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is for being connected and fixed a kind of connecting rod Heart-to-Heart composition of device in the sleeve structure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a kind of structure chart of opening circular hole on brace in the device or the connecting plate that is connected and fixed in the sleeve structure of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a kind of structure chart that is connected and fixed open loop crack on brace in the device or the connecting plate in the sleeve structure of the present invention.
Fig. 7 presorts each the uniform phase distribution device structural representation in the liquid heterogeneous system that contains of device for another kind of band sieve-board type of the present invention.
Fig. 8 presorts each the uniform phase distribution device structural representation in the liquid heterogeneous system that contains of device for another band combined type of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the vertical view of ground floor distribution grid in the multilayer distribution grid in the combined type pre-distributor among the present invention.
Figure 10 is the vertical view of second layer distribution grid in the multilayer distribution grid in the combined type pre-distributor among the present invention.
Figure 11 is the operation principle schematic diagram of sleeve structure of the present invention under liquid one solid two-phase.
Figure 12 is the operation principle schematic diagram of sleeve structure of the present invention under liquid-liquid two-phase.
Figure 13 is the operation principle schematic diagram of second kind of Uniform phase distribution device in liquid contained multiphase fluidized system of the present invention under vapour (gas)-liquid two-phase.
Figure 14 is a multilayer sleeve structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
A kind of Uniform phase distribution device in liquid contained multiphase fluidized system, be provided with material inlet 5 in the bottom of lower tube box 3, on the top of lower tube box sleeve structure 1 is set, sleeve structure is at least by 2 pipe nested compositions, the inwall that pipe way is provided with positioner or outer tube 6 is fixedlyed connected with the outer wall of interior pipe 8, relative position relation between the tube and tube is concentric or eccentric, outer tube or be heat exchanger tube, reaction tube, crystallizer, extraction and one of extraction tube or be heat exchanger tube, reaction tube, crystallizer, the lower end and tube connector 2 be combined intos of one of extraction and extraction tube, interior pipe lower nozzle is lower than the outer tube lower nozzle, or interior pipe lower nozzle is lower than the intervalve lower nozzle, and described intervalve lower nozzle is lower than the outer tube lower nozzle; The upper orifice of interior pipe is being doubled in the outer tube diameter place between the upper orifice of outer tube under the lower nozzle of outer tube, or the upper orifice of interior pipe is being doubled in intervalve diameter place between the upper orifice of outer tube under the lower nozzle of intervalve, the intervalve upper orifice is being doubled in the outer tube diameter place between the upper orifice of outer tube under the lower nozzle of outer tube, described sleeve structure is at least one.
The cross section of pipe is circle or ellipse or rectangle or triangle or prismatic or pentagon or hexagon or regular polygon or irregular polygon, and pipe is common heat exchanger tube or is finned heat exchanger tube that described fin is vertical form or horizontal form.
For the connected mode between sleeve pipe, one of concrete structure is Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6.Locating connector is connecting plate 17 or fixed bar 9, connecting plate 17 is provided with lower nozzle, connect positioner and be at least one, connecting plate is provided with aperture 18 or annular space, described aperture be shaped as circle or ellipse or rectangle or triangle or prismatic or regular polygon or irregular polygon, described tube connector is provided with tube connector aperture or slit, described tube connector aperture be shaped as square or circular or hexagon or rectangle or regular polygon or irregular polygon.
Bottom at lower tube box 3 is provided with pre-distributor.
The form of pre-distributor can be in a variety of forms.
Figure 7 shows that sieve-board type is presorted device and upper sleeve structure composition contains the heterogeneous distribution apparatus of liquid system.
Figure 8 shows that combined type pre-distributor and upper sleeve structure composition contains the heterogeneous distribution apparatus of liquid system.The combined type pre-distributor is at least by guide shell 13, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid 14, two kinds of compositions of multilayer distribution grid, from top to bottom, the setting of combined type pre-distributor is followed successively by guide shell, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, the multilayer distribution grid is provided with, or be followed successively by guide shell, the multilayer distribution grid, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid are provided with, or be followed successively by screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, guide shell, the multilayer distribution grid is provided with, or be followed successively by screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, the multilayer distribution grid, guide shell is provided with, or be followed successively by the multilayer distribution grid, guide shell, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid are provided with, or be followed successively by the multilayer distribution grid, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, guide shell is provided with, or guide shell, the multilayer distribution grid is provided with, or guide shell, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid are provided with, or multilayer distribution grid, guide shell is provided with, or multilayer distribution grid, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid are provided with, or screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, guide shell is provided with, or screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, the multilayer distribution grid is provided with.
At described pre-distributor is sieve-board type pre-distributor or porous plate formula pre-distributor or bubble-cap formula pre-distributor or iris type pre-distributor or single flow pre-distributor or lateral flow type pre-distributor or tubular type pre-distributor or spiral-flow type pre-distributor or multi-layer plate-type pre-distributor or multilayer distribution grid or screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid or guide shell.
Described tube connector is provided with aperture 7 or slit, described aperture 7 be shaped as square hole or for circular hole or for hexagon or for rectangle or other regular polygons or irregular polygon.
Second kind of Uniform phase distribution device in liquid contained multiphase fluidized system, as shown in Figure 8, be provided with material inlet 5 in the bottom of lower tube box 3, middle and lower part at lower tube box is provided with pre-distributor, the top of lower tube box is provided with the tube connector 12 that is connected with heat exchanger tube or reaction tube or crystallizer 10, and tube connector is provided with and connects aperture 11 or slit.
Pre-distributor is the combined type pre-distributor, described combined type pre-distributor is at least by guide shell 13, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid 14, two kinds of compositions of multilayer distribution grid, from top to bottom, the setting of combined type pre-distributor is followed successively by guide shell, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, the multilayer distribution grid is provided with, or be followed successively by guide shell, the multilayer distribution grid, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid are provided with, or be followed successively by screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, guide shell, the multilayer distribution grid is provided with, or be followed successively by screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, the multilayer distribution grid, guide shell is provided with, or be followed successively by the multilayer distribution grid, guide shell, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid are provided with, or be followed successively by the multilayer distribution grid, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, guide shell is provided with, or guide shell, the multilayer distribution grid is provided with, or guide shell, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid are provided with, or multilayer distribution grid, guide shell is provided with, or multilayer distribution grid, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid are provided with, or screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, guide shell is provided with, or screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid, the multilayer distribution grid is provided with.
Pre-distributor is sieve-board type pre-distributor or porous plate formula pre-distributor or bubble-cap formula pre-distributor or iris type pre-distributor or single flow pre-distributor or lateral flow type pre-distributor or tubular type pre-distributor or spiral-flow type pre-distributor or multi-layer plate-type pre-distributor or multilayer distribution grid or screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid or guide shell.
The effect of charging aperture is being input in the lower tube box the material uniform and stable.The effect of pre-distributor is under less pressure drop, multi-phase material is formed rapidly etc. contain the rate body or etc. contain the rate face.Deng contain the rate body or etc. to contain the rate face be that the difference of the physical property (as density, component, size etc.) according to each phase forms.Sleeve structure is a kind of suitable structure that each is chosen mutually.
Because the difference of each phase character of heterogeneous system and flow behavior, the difference of the mode of charging aperture 5 is for containing the liquid form important influence of liquid heterogeneous system in lower tube box.For guaranteeing heterogeneous mobile stationarity in lower tube box, the import mode of multi-phase material can adopt bottom pouring type, go up different modes such as notes formula, side formula.For the bigger heterogeneous system of inlet velocity, can make with bottom pouring type and to flow more stablely in the lower tube box, each phase content is more even in the distribution that the diameter of axle makes progress.Last notes formula is applicable to that those are easy to form the heterogeneous system of bias current.Charging aperture symmetry has structurally guaranteed the symmetry of flow behavior.Number for import can be determined according to the size of heat exchanger or reactor and the physical parameter of material., material inlet fast system big for device diameters adopts multiple feed.Less for device diameters, the system that material inlet speed is little can adopt the single-point charging.
For the pre-distributor that contains the liquid heterogeneous system, can selectively use for reference various distributors according to the difference of each phase.Existing distributor mainly comprises porous plate, sieve-board type, bubble-cap formula, single flow, lateral flow type, tubular type, spiral-flow type and branch's formula distributor.The selection of pre-distributor considers that mainly pressure falls, and each distributes mutually, factors such as each phase turbulence kinetic energy minimizing degree.Owing to be the heterogeneous liquid system that contains, according to the engineering fractal theory, the structure of pre-distributor also should be a complex form.Determine the control phase and, select multi-form distributor at the difference of different phase contents, density from symbolic animal of the birth year.The heterogeneous liquid system that contains is through behind the pre-distributor, according to the difference of each phase physical property, form well-defined grade contain the rate body or etc. contain the rate face.As if " particle " of vapour (gas)-liquid-solid three-phase being regarded as different-diameter, those density are big, and the grade that " particle " that diameter is big forms contains the bottom that the rate body is positioned at lower tube box; Those diameters are little, and the grade that " particle " that density is light forms contains the top that the rate body is positioned at lower tube box.Heat exchanger tube in heat exchanger, evaporimeter, reboiler, crystallizer, shell and tube fluidized-bed reactor and extraction, extracting separator or reaction tube make up sleeve structure, contain the rate body or wait from the grade that contains the liquid heterogeneous system to contain in the rate face directly each phase of extraction.The axial height of sleeve structure and the relation between radial diameter are by the decision of the phase content in the tube bank.First kind of structure of the present invention as shown in Figure 1.Containing the liquid multi-phase material enters the lower tube box 3 from charging aperture 5, under the situation of no pre-distributor, contain the liquid heterogeneous system under the effect of spontaneous current, after a segment distance, form to wait contain the rate body or etc. contain the rate face, sleeve structure directly contains the rate face and directly extracts each mutually from waiting to contain the rate body and to wait, and keeps each reaction tube or crystallizer or heat exchanger tube or extract in the extraction device phase content identical.If pre-distributor can also be set in the bottom of lower tube box.Figure 7 shows that the structure chart of the distribution apparatus that contains the liquid heterogeneous system of the pre-distribution grid of sieve-board type distribution grid.Contain the heterogeneous material of liquid through the pre-distribution grid of sieve-board type after, can in short space length, realize waiting contain the rate body or etc. contain the rate face.The pre-distribution grid of a kind of combined type shown in Figure 8 is for containing liquid heterogeneous system distribution apparatus structure chart.Material enters behind the lower tube box behind the multilayer distribution grid through pre-distributor from charging aperture, (seeing Fig. 9 and Figure 10), because the number of the upper strata plate hole 19 of top plate 15 is more than the number of lower floor's plate hole 20 of lower plywood 16, and proportional symmetric relation (seeing Fig. 7 and Fig. 8), one mobile identical multiply of flow that becomes flows, a plurality of fluids is shunting again again, forms more branch fluid that evenly flow, final form etc. contain the rate body or etc. contain the rate face.Form for hole on the pre-distribution grid of multilayer can be a various ways, circular or square or rectangle or triangle or regular polygon or irregular polygon.Spread pattern for these holes also can be a various ways, arrangement mode or be triangle or capable or for square or for corner square and concentric circles for the positive triangle of corner.For Figure 11, Figure 12 and Figure 13 is under liquid-solid, liquid-liquid and vapour (gas)-three kinds of primary conditions of liquid, the sleeve structure fundamental diagram.For liquid-solid two-phase, the outer tube 6 of sleeve structure is positioned at the solid-liquid two-phase section, and the interior pipe 8 of sleeve structure is positioned at the neat liquid district, and liquid 19 and liquid-solid two-phase 20 (seeing Figure 11) enter outer tube from interior pipe and two zoness of different of annular space of sleeve structure respectively.For liquid-liquid two-phase, both are because the density difference forms layer of light liquid 21 and heavy-fluid layer 22 (seeing Figure 12), and layer of light liquid 21 and heavy-fluid layer 22 enter outer tube from interior pipe and two zoness of different of annular space of sleeve structure respectively.For vapour (gas)-liquid two-phase, because both physical propertys differ greatly, vapour (gas) body and liquid enter outer tube from interior pipe and two zoness of different of annular space of sleeve structure respectively.For liquid-vapour (gas) two-phase, corresponding change also can take place in structure originally, is changed into the straight tube form of side-wall hole by original sleeve structure form.The diameter of tube connector 24 is identical with the diameter of heat exchanger tube or reaction tube or crystallizer 10, and porose 11 on the pipe, the position in hole is positioned on the liquid level, and vapour (gas) 23 11 flows into from the hole mutually, and liquid phase 19 flows into from tube connector 24, has guaranteed that vapour (gas) liquid two phase contents are identical.Above-mentioned three kinds of basic structures that structure is a uniform distribution device.For reality contain the heterogeneous system of liquid, sleeve structure all is the combination of these three kinds of basic structures.
For the uniform distribution device that contains the liquid heterogeneous system, be example with liquid-solid recirculating fluidized bed, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 1 to accompanying drawing 14 the present invention is further described.
By shown in Figure 8, liquid-solid two-phase fluidisation bed material inlet 5 places place in the middle of the bottom, has guaranteed heterogeneous mobile symmetry.Pre-distributor is made of multilayer distribution grid, screen type distribution grid or expanded metals formula distribution grid 14 and guide shell 13.Also be equivalent to the pre-distributor of a multilayer for multiple-plate overall structure, lower floor's baffle plate is the pre-distributor of upper strata baffle plate.And multi-layer sheet is the pre-distributor of sieve-board type liquid distribution trough, guide shell and multilayer sleeve structure.The effect of multi-layer sheet another one is to make that solid holdup improves rapidly in the lower tube box.Main distributor is that sleeve structure 1 constitutes.Multiple-plate number of plies is the 1-50 layer, and multiple-plate area can be identical with the lower tube box diameter, also can dullly according to certain rules increase, and dullness reduces; Or reduce earlier, the back increases; Or increase earlier, after reduce.Distance between plates can be consistent, also can dullly increase; Or dullness reduces; Perhaps increase earlier, after reduce; Perhaps reduce earlier, the rule that the back increases is arranged.Circular or square or rectangle or triangle or regular polygon or irregular polygon of the shape in hole 19,20 (seeing Fig. 9 and Figure 10) on the plate.Spread pattern for these holes also can be a various ways, arrangement mode or be triangle or capable or for square or for corner square and concentric circles for the positive triangle of corner.For the sieve-board type liquid distributing board on multi-layer sheet top, the diameter of diameter and lower tube box is identical, and the size of sieve aperture is more than 1 times of particle diameter.The main effect of screen type liquid distributing board is that the Maelstrom in the liquid is become little whirlpool, makes the mobile of each phase be tending towards even.Owing to contain solid particle, the adding of guide shell 13 should depend on the circumstances.Acting as of it limits the whole circulation of solid particle.Through behind the pre-distributor, liquid-solid two-phase forms the double-layer fluidized district with clear interface in lower tube box.Be that density is big, the solid particle that diameter is big is positioned at fluosolids down; The liquid level that density is little, diameter is little is positioned at fluosolids.By the sleeve structure 1 of different length, " particle " that will be in different layers is drawn in the heat-exchanging tube bundle.Make the influx of particle and liquid in each tube bank identical, solid holdup is identical in the tube bank.For the heterogeneous system that contains more than two-phase, sleeve structure also should be adjusted, and the number of sleeve pipe also will increase accordingly, and in Figure 14,6 is that outer tube, 8 is that interior pipe, 25 is that first intervalve, 26 is second intervalve.
Claims (7)
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| CNB2004100939266A CN1308065C (en) | 2004-12-14 | 2004-12-14 | Uniform phase distribution device in liquid contained multiphase fluidized system |
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| CN106595356B (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2018-10-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Self-cleaning fluidized bed heat exchanger |
| CN106595351B (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2018-09-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Anti- scale removal fluid-bed heat exchanger |
| CN106595352B (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2018-09-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | External circulation fluidized bed heat exchanger |
| CN106595379B (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2018-10-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Extend the method for the electrical oil dewatering heat exchanger cycle of operation |
| CN106595350B (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2018-10-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Solid Circulating Fluidized Bed Heat Exchanger |
| CN106595349B (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2019-01-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Liquid phase heat exchange fluid-bed heat exchanger |
| CN106595348B (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2018-11-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Non-scaling fluid-bed heat exchanger |
| CN105363388B (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2018-01-26 | 中国天辰工程有限公司 | A kind of multi-phase fluid distributed architecture for shell and tube reactor |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1066326A (en) * | 1991-04-27 | 1992-11-18 | 湘潭大学 | Heat-exchange apparatus having tubular conduit with liquid/solid fluidizaiton therein |
| US6609562B2 (en) * | 1997-07-08 | 2003-08-26 | Bp Exploration Operating Company Limited | Heat exchange apparatus and method of use |
-
2004
- 2004-12-14 CN CNB2004100939266A patent/CN1308065C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1066326A (en) * | 1991-04-27 | 1992-11-18 | 湘潭大学 | Heat-exchange apparatus having tubular conduit with liquid/solid fluidizaiton therein |
| US6609562B2 (en) * | 1997-07-08 | 2003-08-26 | Bp Exploration Operating Company Limited | Heat exchange apparatus and method of use |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1657151A (en) | 2005-08-24 |
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