CN121066999A - Power distribution device of hybrid power vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

A power distribution device for hybrid vehicles. Applied to the field of power distribution in new energy hybrid electric vehicles, this device, based on the characteristics of planetary gear sets, works in conjunction with the main and auxiliary motors to control the engine to operate within a high-efficiency torque and speed range in real time. Through the engagement and disengagement of synchronizers, it achieves hybrid drive with direct motor drive and proportional power distribution between the engine and motor. This device sets multiple speed ratio output gears for the engine, solving the problems of low efficiency and insufficient durability of existing power distribution devices.

Description

Power distribution device of hybrid power vehicle

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of power distribution for hybrid vehicles, and is particularly applicable to a device for distributing motor and engine power to driving wheels in proportion and a device for individually driving wheels by a motor through a planetary gear set, and also to a device for distributing engine power to driving wheels and a generator in proportion.

Background

The traditional hybrid power system has the defects that in an early hybrid power system, a hybrid power distribution device mainly driven by a motor does not operate in an optimal rotation speed and torque interval under a low-speed working condition, the efficiency is low, the hybrid power distribution device mainly driven by the motor needs to drive auxiliary structures such as the engine to idle to cause energy loss when the motor is directly driven, and a solution for efficiently distributing power and simplifying the structure when the motor is directly driven is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The compact power distribution device is used for distributing power of a motor and power of an engine to driving wheels in proportion, directly driving the motor, distributing power of the engine to the driving wheels and the power generator in proportion in a stepless mode, and achieving multi-mode seamless switching of pure electric, hybrid electric, range-extending, regenerative braking and the like.

The technical scheme is that the planetary gear set comprises a planetary gear set (shown in figure 1), a planetary gear (2) and a gear ring (3), wherein a synchronizer gear is arranged on the sun gear, the sun gear is assembled on a main transmission shaft (shown in figure 2), a first synchronizer (4) is arranged on the synchronizer gear on the sun gear, a gear ring (17) is arranged on the same side of the sun gear synchronizer, the gear ring is fixed on a device body and can not rotate, the sun gear and the first synchronizer can synchronously rotate on the main transmission shaft and can not slide along the axial direction, the synchronizer (4) is combined with the gear ring (17) to enable the sun gear to be stationary, the sun gear and the main transmission shaft can also be combined with the synchronizer gear on the main transmission shaft to synchronously rotate, the planetary gear is arranged on a planet carrier (shown in figure 3), the planet carrier can freely rotate, and the planet carrier is provided with two planet carrier gears (5 and 6) with different sizes to form different speed ratio gears, and the structures are assembled together to form a power distribution structure (shown in figure 4). The auxiliary transmission shaft (12) is assembled with two auxiliary transmission shaft gears (7, 8) with different sizes (see figure 5) and is provided with a second synchronizer (9), when the auxiliary transmission shaft and the auxiliary transmission shaft gears are provided with the synchronizer gears, the two gears (7, 8) can freely rotate on the auxiliary transmission shaft (12) and can not axially slide, and when the synchronizer (9) is combined with the synchronizer gears on the gears (7 or 8), the auxiliary transmission shaft and the combined gear (7 or 8) synchronously rotate. The sum of the radiuses of the auxiliary transmission shaft gear (8) and the planet carrier gear (6) is equal to the sum of the radiuses of the auxiliary transmission shaft gear (7) and the planet carrier gear (5), so that the main transmission shaft is parallel to the auxiliary transmission shaft, the auxiliary transmission shaft gear (8) is meshed with the planet carrier gear (6), the auxiliary transmission shaft gear (7) is meshed with the planet carrier gear (5), the two auxiliary transmission shaft gears (7, 8) and the two planet carrier gears (5, 6) are assembled together to form a core structure (see figure 6), the number of the auxiliary transmission shaft gears and the planet carrier gears can be increased to form a more speed ratio gear, one end of the main transmission shaft is connected with a main motor (13), the other end of the main transmission shaft is used as a power output (16), the auxiliary transmission shaft is connected with an engine (14), and a gear ring is connected with an auxiliary motor (15).

According to the characteristics of the planetary gear set, power can be transmitted among a sun gear (1), a planetary gear (2) and a gear ring (3), the power transmission mode is flexible, the power can be transmitted from (1) to (2 and 3), (2) to (1 and 3), (3) to (1 and 2), the power can also be transmitted from (1 and 2) to (3), (2 and 3) to (1) and (1 and 3) to (2), the engine power is split by the characteristics, synchronizers (4 and 9) are combined with corresponding gears, the engine power can be output to a main transmission shaft or a gear ring to an auxiliary motor through a planet carrier gear, the torque and the rotating speed of the engine are controlled through adjusting the load of the main motor and the auxiliary motor, the stepless power adjustment is realized, the redundant power is generated by the main motor and the auxiliary motor to be returned to a battery, and the main motor and the auxiliary motor can assist in outputting power when the power is insufficient. The main transmission shaft is disconnected by the first synchronizer (4) to realize direct driving of the main motor, and only the main motor outputs power through the main transmission shaft at the moment, and the rest parts are stationary. The first synchronizer (4) is combined with the gear ring (17) to realize a range extending mode that the main motor is directly driven, and the engine outputs power to the auxiliary motor to generate power.

The power of the engine can be output to the main transmission shaft or the auxiliary motor through a planet carrier gear, the torque and the rotating speed of the engine are controlled to achieve power distribution through adjusting the load of the main motor and the auxiliary motor, stepless power adjustment is achieved, redundant power is generated by the main motor and the auxiliary motor to return to a rechargeable battery, the main motor and the auxiliary motor can assist in outputting power when the power is insufficient, and 3 renewable energy sources are recycled, and when the vehicle is decelerated, the vehicle can be braked by the load of the main motor for power generation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structure diagram of a planetary gear set, fig. 2 is a structure diagram of an assembling mode of a sun gear and a main transmission shaft, fig. 3 is a structure diagram of an assembling mode of a planetary gear and a carrier gear, fig. 4 is a power distribution structure diagram formed by combining the structures of fig. 1-3, fig. 5 is a gear structure diagram of an engine composed of a secondary transmission shaft gear set, fig. 6 is a general diagram of the power distribution device, and fig. 7 is an installation schematic diagram of the power distribution device, a motor and an engine.

Detailed Description

The power distribution device has the following operation modes:

1. The main motor independently provides power, the first synchronizer (4) is disconnected with the main transmission shaft, the main motor directly outputs power through the main transmission shaft, and other parts do not participate in work.

2. The engine intervention provides power, namely when the vehicle is driven by a main motor alone and needs an engine to generate power, a first synchronizer (4) is combined with a gear ring (17), so that a sun gear is fixedly locked and can not rotate, a second synchronizer (9) is combined with a secondary transmission shaft gear (7 or 8) with a speed ratio required by a running condition at the moment, the secondary motor positively rotates to output power to the engine and the sun gear through a planetary gear set, the sun gear is locked on the gear ring (17) by the first synchronizer (4) and can not rotate, the power is transmitted to the engine and drives the engine to rotate for ignition starting, the engine starts and then carries out power output on the secondary motor, the secondary motor is used for generating power to form a range increasing mode, when the engine is needed to participate in driving, firstly, the secondary motor rotating speed is adjusted to eliminate the stress state of the first synchronizer (4) and the gear ring (17), then the first synchronizer (4) is disconnected with the gear ring (17), the sun gear is rotatable, the sun gear rotating through adjusting the secondary motor rotating speed to enable the sun gear rotating speed to be close to the main transmission shaft, when the sun gear rotates at the same speed as the main transmission shaft and the main motor rotating speed, the engine rotates at the same speed, the sun gear rotating speed is driven by the main motor and the main transmission shaft, the secondary motor rotating speed is driven by the sun gear rotating, the secondary motor rotating and the secondary motor rotating speed is driven by the carrier to rotate, and the power is not in the same speed, and the torque is required to be switched to be different from the power to the main transmission speed, and the engine rotating speed, and the secondary motor is required to rotate, and is driven by the carrier rotating speed, and is not has a speed, and is required to rotate, and is driven by the engine, and is driven, thereby realizing the combination and disconnection of the second synchronizer (9) and the auxiliary transmission shaft gear.

Claims (7)

1. A power distribution device for a hybrid vehicle, comprising: a planetary gear set; a main drive shaft; a secondary drive shaft; a first synchronizer; a second synchronizer; a planet carrier gear; a secondary drive shaft gear; and a gear ring; wherein the planetary gear set includes a sun gear, planet gears, a planet carrier, and a gear ring. 2. The power distribution device for a hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sun gear has a synchronizer gear; the planet carrier has a planet carrier gear; the secondary drive shaft has a synchronizer gear; the main drive shaft has a synchronizer gear, and the secondary drive shaft gear has a synchronizer gear. 3. The power distribution device for a hybrid vehicle according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that: the sun gear is mounted on the main drive shaft, the gear ring is fixed on the power distribution device body, and the first synchronizer is mounted on the synchronizer gear on the sun gear; the first synchronizer can rotate synchronously with the sun gear on the main drive shaft, and the first synchronizer can also be combined with the gear ring to fix the sun gear on the gear ring, and the first synchronizer can also be combined with the synchronizer gear on the main drive shaft to fix the sun gear on the main drive shaft. 4. The power distribution device for a hybrid vehicle according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that: the planetary gears are mounted on the planet carrier and can rotate freely on the planet carrier; there are multiple planet carrier gears on the planet carrier; the planet carrier is mounted on the main drive shaft and the planet carrier gears and the planet carrier can rotate synchronously on the main drive shaft. 5. The power distribution device for a hybrid vehicle according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that: a number of auxiliary drive shaft gears equal to the number of planetary carrier gears are mounted on the auxiliary drive shaft, and the auxiliary drive shaft gears can rotate freely on the auxiliary drive shaft; a second synchronizer is mounted on the synchronizer gear of the auxiliary drive shaft; the second synchronizer rotates synchronously with the auxiliary drive shaft, and the second synchronizer can engage with the synchronizer gear on a certain auxiliary drive shaft gear to fix the auxiliary drive shaft gear on the auxiliary drive shaft. 6. The power distribution device for a hybrid vehicle according to claims 4 and 5, characterized in that: the main drive shaft is parallel to the auxiliary drive shaft, and the planetary carrier gear meshes with its corresponding auxiliary drive shaft gear. 7. The power distribution device for a hybrid vehicle according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the device requires a main motor, an auxiliary motor, and an engine as power sources for operation, wherein one end of the main drive shaft is connected to the main motor, and the other end serves as the vehicle's power output; the auxiliary drive shaft is connected to the engine; and the gear ring is connected to the auxiliary motor.