CN120961954A - Laser cladding material-increasing powder distribution device, material-increasing processing system and working method - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention provides a laser cladding additive powder application device, an additive processing system, and a working method, relating to the field of additive manufacturing technology. Addressing the problem of reduced printing accuracy and performance stability caused by residual material scattering during composite energy field-assisted laser cladding additive powder application, this invention configures a cross-flow impeller and a gate mechanism within the hopper. During material output, the first cross-flow impeller pushes the material to overcome the resistance of the resistance channel formed by the gate mechanism, preventing the material from falling due to gravity. After powder application is completed, the second cross-flow impeller draws in the adhering residual material in the feeding chamber and outlet channel in the opposite direction and transports it back to the feeding chamber, cleaning the residual material in the feeding channel and preventing scattering due to shaking. This improves powder application accuracy and reduces powder application deviation caused by residual material accumulation.

Description

Laser cladding material-increasing powder distribution device, material-increasing processing system and working method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a laser cladding additive powder distribution device, an additive processing system and a working method.

Background

In additive manufacturing, a laser cladding technology is a technology commonly used for a metal 3D printer, a metal powder material is paved layer by layer through a powder paving system by the metal 3D printer based on a laser cladding principle, then the metal powder material is melted by a laser beam according to a preset path, interlayer metallurgical bonding is realized, and finally the three-dimensional metal part is formed. In a metal 3D printer based on a laser cladding principle, in order to overcome the limitation of single laser energy and improve the quality and performance of a cladding layer, a laser cladding material-increasing powder distribution device is generally adopted, and one or more additional energy fields such as electromagnetic fields, ultrasonic fields, thermal fields, mechanical vibration fields and other devices are integrated under the condition of taking laser as a main energy field so as to improve the quality of a finished product.

The powder spreading system is used as a core link for connecting raw material supply and cladding forming, the stability of metal powder material conveying, the controllability of discharging speed and the cleaning capability of residual materials directly determine the uniformity and consistency of a cladding layer, however, the existing powder spreading system has the defects that partial metal powder is easy to remain in a discharging channel after one-time powder spreading is finished in the traditional powder spreading system, although the residual quantity can be reduced in a manner of precisely controlling the supply quantity, a certain material adhesion residue exists in the discharging channel, the adhered material is scattered again due to shaking in the moving process after stopping powder spreading, the raw material waste is caused, the formed cladding layer is possibly polluted, the product quality is influenced, in the follow-up powder spreading process, the deviation of the powder spreading is easily caused due to the scattering of uncontrollable metal powder materials, and in particular, in the auxiliary laser cladding of a composite energy field, the size precision and the performance stability of the product are adversely affected by the metal powder material quantity.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims at overcoming the defects existing in the prior art, providing a laser cladding material-increasing powder-distributing device, a material-increasing processing system and a working method, arranging a through-flow impeller and a gate mechanism in a hopper, when the materials are output, the first through-flow impeller pushes the materials to overcome the resistance output of a resistance channel formed by the gate mechanism, the device has the advantages that the phenomenon that materials fall down automatically due to gravity is avoided, after powder spreading is completed, the attached residual materials in the blanking cavity and the outlet channel are sucked reversely by the second through-flow impeller and conveyed back to the feeding cavity, the residual materials in the blanking channel are cleaned, scattering caused by shaking is avoided, and accordingly powder spreading precision is improved.

The first aim of the invention is to provide a laser cladding material-increasing powder distribution device, which adopts the following scheme:

The printing device comprises a hopper, wherein the hopper is arranged above a printing area through a sliding mechanism, a fixed block is arranged in the hopper so that the interior of the hopper is divided into a feeding cavity and a discharging cavity, a first through-flow impeller and a second through-flow impeller which are distributed on two sides of the fixed block are arranged between the feeding cavity and the discharging cavity, materials in the feeding cavity are conveyed to the discharging cavity when the first through-flow impeller rotates, materials in the discharging cavity are returned to the feeding cavity when the second through-flow impeller rotates, a gate mechanism is arranged at an outlet of the discharging cavity, a resistance channel is formed by action of the gate mechanism for material output or a return channel for material return, and a guide valve plate of a linkage gate mechanism is arranged between an outlet of the discharging cavity and the second through-flow impeller so as to cut off communication between the discharging cavity and the second through-flow impeller when the materials are output.

Further, the gate mechanism comprises a connecting rod group and a gate plate, one end of the gate plate is rotationally connected with the sliding plate, the other end of the gate plate is connected with the connecting rod group, the sliding plate is slidably mounted on the hopper, a channel is formed between the two gate plates symmetrically distributed relative to the axis of the outlet of the blanking cavity, and the connecting rod group drives the gate plate to adjust the posture relative to the hopper so as to be just distributed to form a resistance channel, or to be distributed towards the blanking cavity to form a backflow channel.

Further, friction pads are arranged on one sides of the flashboards facing the resistance channels, and when the friction pads face the blanking cavity, a backflow channel is formed between the end parts of the two flashboards.

Further, the connecting rod group is connected with a third driving element, and the third driving element is connected with the guide valve plate through a transmission mechanism.

Further, the guide valve plate is matched with the rebound element in a guide groove preset in the wall of the hopper in a sliding manner, and can stretch out of or retract into the guide groove to cut off or communicate a backflow path of materials in the blanking cavity.

Further, the guide valve plate is an arc-shaped plate, and after the guide valve plate protrudes out of the guide groove, an arc-shaped guide surface is formed to guide materials to be conveyed from the first through-flow impeller to an outlet of the blanking cavity.

Further, the first through-flow impeller and the second through-flow impeller are respectively matched with a driving element, the output end of the second through-flow impeller is communicated with the feeding cavity through the return cavity, the fixing block forms a bulge between the feeding cavity and the return cavity, and materials in the return cavity are stacked in the return cavity after passing through the bulge.

Further, a baffle is arranged between the inlet end of the first through-flow impeller and the feeding cavity, and the baffle slides relative to the hopper so as to cut off or communicate between the first through-flow impeller and the feeding cavity.

A second object of the present invention is to provide an additive processing system utilizing the laser cladding additive powder distribution device as provided in the first object.

The third object of the present invention is to provide a working method of a laser cladding additive powder distribution device, using the laser cladding additive powder distribution device provided in the first object, comprising:

when filling materials, the fixed block divides the hopper into a feeding cavity and a discharging cavity, the gate mechanism forms a resistance channel, the guide valve plate is closed to cut off the communication between the discharging cavity and the second through-flow impeller, the first through-flow impeller and the second through-flow impeller are stationary, and the materials are added into the feeding cavity;

When the material is output, the first through-flow impeller is started, the material in the feeding cavity is conveyed to the discharging cavity, the guide valve plate is kept closed, the material is output from the outlet by overcoming the resistance of the resistance channel under the power of the guide valve plate, the hopper moves above the printing area through the sliding mechanism, and the first through-flow impeller is stopped after the material is paved;

When the residual materials are refluxed, the gate mechanism is switched into a reflux channel, the guide valve plate is opened, the second through-flow impeller is started to reflux the residual materials in the blanking cavity to the feeding cavity, after the reflux is finished, the second through-flow impeller is stopped, the guide valve plate and the gate mechanism are reset, and the next material output is waited.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:

The automatic feeding device aims at the problems that printing precision and performance stability are reduced due to deviation caused by scattering of residual materials when laser cladding additive powder is carried out in an auxiliary mode of a current composite energy field, a through-flow impeller and a gate mechanism are arranged in a hopper, a guide valve plate is closed to block a backflow channel when materials are output, the first through-flow impeller provides power to convey the materials in the feeding cavity to the discharging cavity, the materials are required to overcome resistance channel resistance formed by the gate mechanism and can be output, the materials are prevented from automatically falling due to gravity and are output in order under the action of power, the output quantity of each powder paving is consistent with a preset value, the powder paving deviation caused by fluctuation of conveying quantity is avoided, after powder paving is completed, the gate mechanism is switched to the backflow channel, the guide valve plate is synchronously opened to open a backflow path, the second through-flow impeller reversely sucks the attached residual materials in the discharging cavity and an outlet channel and conveys the residual materials back to the feeding cavity, the residual materials in the discharging channel are prevented from being scattered due to shaking when the follow-up powder paving is carried out, the discharging cavity can receive new materials from a low-residue state or no-residue state, the initial material of each powder paving quantity is enabled to be accurately started to be accurately paved, and the powder paving quantity of each time is reduced, and the powder paving quantity of the residual materials is caused by the powder paving deviation caused by the superposition of the residual materials.

In the gate mechanism, a friction pad is arranged on one side of the gate plate, facing the resistance channel, of the gate plate, when the connecting rod group drives the gate plate to be opposite to the distribution to form the resistance channel, the friction pads are close to each other, on one hand, the friction pad increases the friction resistance of materials passing through the channel, the materials are controlled to be orderly output under the power action of the first through-flow impeller, the materials are prevented from being attached to the inner wall of the channel under the unpowered state due to gravity, and on the other hand, the flexible contact characteristic of the friction pad can reduce hard scraping residues of the materials in the channel. When the backflow is needed, the connecting rod group drives the flashboard to be distributed towards the blanking cavity, the friction pad overturns towards the blanking cavity along with the flashboard, a backflow channel without friction resistance is formed between the two flashboard ends, and residual materials attached to the inner wall of the channel can be scraped and sucked into the backflow path by matching with the suction force of the second through-flow impeller, so that the residual materials are prevented from being accumulated in the channel.

The guide valve plate is an arc-shaped plate and is in sliding fit in the guide groove of the hopper wall and matched with the rebound element. When the material is output, the rebound element pushes the guide valve plate to extend out of the guide groove, the arc-shaped guide surface can cut off the communication between the blanking cavity and the second through-flow impeller, the material conveyed by the first through-flow impeller can be guided to smoothly flow to the outlet of the blanking cavity along the arc-shaped surface, the residue of the material at the gap between the guide valve plate and the hopper wall is reduced, after the powder is spread, the third driving element pulls the guide valve plate to retract into the guide groove through the transmission mechanism, the arc-shaped surface is retracted along with the guide valve plate, the flow of the residual material to the second through-flow impeller is not hindered, meanwhile, the storage effect of the rebound element can realize the rapid resetting of the guide valve plate during the next output, and the residue accumulation of the material caused by the clamping of the guide valve plate is avoided.

And when the third driving element drives the connecting rod group to reset, the transmission mechanism releases the guide valve plate, and the rebound element pushes the guide valve plate to extend out, so that the closing of the resistance channel and the cutting synchronization of a backflow path are realized, the conflict of the conveying and the backflow actions is overcome, and the continuity of the flow is ensured.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the laser cladding additive powder distribution device in embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the external structure of hoppers in embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;

fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the position of a third motor in embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the hopper in example 1, example 2 and example 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view at B in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a skateboard according to embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the first link and the second link in embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of a shutter in embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the first through-flow impeller in embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a state where two friction pads are apart in embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic flow diagram of the materials in working of the first through-flow impeller in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention.

The printer comprises a 1D printer body, 2 parts of a connecting frame, 3 parts of an electric sliding rail, 4 parts of a hopper, 5 parts of a cover plate, 6 parts of a baffle plate, 7 parts of an electric push rod, 8 parts of a first motor, 9 parts of a second motor, 10 parts of a sliding block, 11 parts of a first belt transmission assembly, 12 parts of a second belt transmission assembly, 13 parts of a first gear, 14 parts of a second gear, 15 parts of a first connecting rod, 16 parts of a second connecting rod, 17 parts of a third motor, 18 parts of a first through-flow impeller, 19 parts of a guide valve plate, 20 parts of a blanking cavity, 21 parts of a second through-flow impeller, 22 parts of a return cavity, 23 parts of a connecting block, 24 parts of a flashboard, 25 parts of a sliding plate, 26 parts of a friction pad, 27 parts of a sliding chute, 28 parts of a winding roller, 29 parts of a spring, 30 parts of a connecting rope, 31 parts of a printing area, 32 parts of a feeding cavity, 33 parts of a fixed block.

Detailed Description

Example 1

In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a laser cladding additive powder dispensing apparatus is provided as shown in fig. 1-12.

The existing powder paving system is easy to attach residual metal powder materials in a discharging channel after one-time powder paving is finished, residual materials are scattered due to shaking in the subsequent moving process, raw materials are wasted, a working platform or a formed cladding layer is polluted, product quality is damaged, the residual materials cannot be cleaned effectively, deviation between actual material supply quantity and a preset value can be caused when the powder is paved subsequently, particularly in a composite energy field auxiliary laser cladding scene, tiny fluctuation of the metal powder material quantity can directly interfere with dimensional accuracy and performance stability of a product, the existing system lacks a cooperative structure capable of realizing stable material output and efficient residual backflow, the problem of cleaning of the residual materials cannot be solved while the stability and the controllability of discharging speed of metal powder material are guaranteed, and continuity and reliability of the powder paving process are insufficient. Based on this, this embodiment provides a laser cladding material increase powder distribution device, through the structural design that the cavity cut apart, power transmission, passageway control, linkage blocked, constitutes complete shop powder and reflux system, and the material that aims at in this embodiment is the metal powder material.

As shown in fig. 1-12, the laser cladding additive powder distribution device mainly comprises a hopper 4, a first through-flow impeller 18 and a second through-flow impeller 21.

The fixed block 33 is arranged in the hopper 4, the interior of the hopper 4 is divided into the feeding cavity 32 and the discharging cavity 20, the feeding cavity 32 is used for storing materials to be paved, the discharging cavity 20 is used for temporarily storing the materials to be output as a raw material supply source, the links of conveying and paving powder are linked, the physical isolation of material storage and conveying is realized, and the mixing and the advanced residue of raw materials are avoided.

The two sides of the fixed block 33 are respectively provided with a first through-flow impeller 18 and a second through-flow impeller 21, wherein the first through-flow impeller 18 is used as an output power source, and can stably convey materials in the feeding cavity 32 to the discharging cavity 20 during rotation to provide controllable power for material output;

The gate mechanism is arranged at the outlet of the blanking cavity 20, the mechanism can be switched into two working states through action, the output state forms a resistance channel, the resistance channel is not completely closed, the autonomous flow of materials is only limited, the materials can be output only under the action of the first through-flow impeller 18, the random falling caused by gravity is avoided, the reflux state is switched into a reflux channel, the flow resistance of the materials is reduced, and the residual materials can be efficiently refluxed under the suction action of the second through-flow impeller 21.

In order to reduce the conveying of the material to the position of the second through-flow impeller 21 when the discharging cavity 20 outputs the material, in this embodiment, the hopper 4 is further configured with a linkage blocking structure, a guide valve plate 19 is installed between the outlet of the discharging cavity 20 and the second through-flow impeller 21, the guide valve plate 19 is linked with a gate mechanism, the guide valve plate 19 is closed when the material is output, the communication path between the discharging cavity 20 and the second through-flow impeller 21 is cut off, the material is prevented from entering the backflow side, so that the material is conveyed only to the printing area 31, and when the material is backflow, the guide valve plate 19 is synchronously opened along with the action of the gate mechanism, and the communication path between the discharging cavity 20 and the second through-flow impeller 21 is opened, so that a channel is provided for backflow of the residual material.

During material output, the guide valve plate 19 is closed to block the backflow channel, the first through-flow impeller 18 provides power to convey the material in the feeding cavity 32 to the discharging cavity 20, the material can be output only by overcoming the resistance channel resistance formed by the gate mechanism, in the process, the resistance channel avoids the material from automatically falling due to gravity, and the material is only orderly output under the action of power, so that unpowered adhesion residues in the discharging channel are reduced.

After powder spreading is completed, the gate mechanism is switched to a backflow channel, the guide valve plate 19 is synchronously opened to open a backflow path, the second through-flow impeller 21 is started to generate suction, attached residual materials in the blanking cavity 20 and the outlet channel are reversely sucked and conveyed back to the feeding cavity 32, the residual materials in the blanking channel are cleaned through power backflow combined channel adaptation, and scattering caused by shaking during subsequent movement is reduced.

The rotation speed of the first through-flow impeller 18 can be regulated and controlled, the conveying quantity of materials from the upstream cavity to the blanking cavity 20 can be accurately controlled by regulating the rotation speed of the first through-flow impeller, the output quantity of each powder spreading is controlled to be consistent with a preset value in combination with the stabilizing effect of the resistance channel on the output speed, the powder spreading deviation caused by the fluctuation of the conveying quantity is avoided, the second through-flow impeller 21 recovers the residual materials into the feeding cavity 32, the residual materials are not accumulated in the blanking channel or are not accumulated in the allowable range, the blanking cavity 20 can receive new materials from a residual-free or low-residual state during subsequent powder spreading, the accuracy of the initial material quantity of each powder spreading is realized, and the powder spreading quantity deviation caused by the superposition of the residual materials is reduced.

The seamless cooperation of the conveying and the backflow is realized through the linkage design of the guide valve plate 19 and the gate mechanism, when the materials are output, the guide valve plate 19 is closed, and the gate mechanism forms a resistance channel, so that the materials are only conveyed to the printing area 31 by cooperation of the guide valve plate 19 and the gate mechanism, and no diversion or backflow exists; when the materials are refluxed, the guide valve plate 19 is opened, the gate mechanism switches the reflux channel, and the two synchronous actions open the reflux path, so that the reflux power of the second through-flow impeller 21 can efficiently act on the residual materials, the linkage structure avoids the conflict of the actions of conveying and refluxing, and the continuous connection of stable output and efficient refluxing is realized.

The method comprises the steps of cleaning residual materials in a discharging channel through power backflow, avoiding pollution of a working platform and a formed cladding layer in the subsequent moving process, reducing material waste, reducing production cost, realizing accurate output control through rotating speed regulation of a first through-flow impeller 18, improving accuracy of initial material quantity of each powder spreading through backflow reduction of residual quantity, greatly reducing deviation of powder spreading quantity under double guarantee, especially adapting to requirement of composite energy field auxiliary laser cladding for sensitivity to tiny material quantity fluctuation, improving dimensional accuracy and performance stability of products, enabling the powder spreading flow of output, stopping, backflow and resetting to be automatically completed without manual intervention by means of linkage design of a guide valve plate 19 and a gate mechanism, reducing operation steps and improving powder spreading efficiency, and meanwhile, improving stability of material conveying and backflow by means of power conveying of a bidirectional through-flow impeller, and solving the problem of conveying interruption or poor backflow effect caused by insufficient power.

As shown in fig. 5, a fixed block 33 is fixedly installed in the hopper 4, two sides of the fixed block 33 are provided with arc grooves, and the first through-flow impeller 18 and the second through-flow impeller 21 are respectively arranged at two sides of the fixed block 33 and are matched with the arc grooves at the same side. And the first through-flow impeller 18 and the second through-flow impeller 21 are both rotatably connected with the hopper 4. The inner wall of the hopper 4, which is close to the first through-flow impeller 18 or the second through-flow impeller 21, is arc-shaped.

The first and second through-flow impellers 18, 21 are fitted with drive elements, in this embodiment first and second motors 8, 9 mounted on the outer side wall of the hopper 4, respectively. The output shaft of the first motor 8 is in driving connection with the first through-flow impeller 18, and the output shaft of the second motor 9 is in driving connection with the second through-flow impeller 21.

As shown in fig. 5, a feeding cavity 32 is arranged above a fixed block 33 in the hopper 4, a charging hole is formed in the top of the hopper 4, and a cover plate 5 for shielding the charging hole is arranged on the hopper 4. The cover plate 5 is opened and material is fed into the feeding chamber 32 through the feed opening. The output end of the second through-flow impeller 21 is communicated with the feeding cavity 32 through the return cavity 22, a protrusion is formed between the feeding cavity 32 and the return cavity 22 by the fixing block 33, and the materials in the return cavity 22 are stacked in the return cavity 22 after passing through the protrusion.

The side of the first through-flow impeller 18 adjacent the feed chamber 32 is the suction side and serves as the inlet end. A baffle 6 is arranged above the suction side of the first through-flow impeller 18, and the baffle 6 is slidably connected with the hopper 4 so as to cut off or communicate between the first through-flow impeller 18 and the feeding cavity 32. An electric push rod 7 is fixedly arranged on the hopper 4, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod 7 is connected with the baffle 6. The electric push rod 7 drives the baffle 6 to move towards the hopper 4, so that the baffle 6 is abutted against the fixed block 33, and the material in the feeding cavity 32 cannot flow to the first through-flow impeller 18 under the blocking of the baffle 6. The baffle 6 moves to the outside of the hopper 4 through the electric push rod 7, so that the feeding cavity 32 is communicated with the first through-flow impeller 18, and materials in the feeding cavity 32 can flow to the first through-flow impeller 18.

The lower side of the fixed block 33 in the hopper 4 is provided with a blanking cavity 20. The discharge side of the first through-flow impeller 18 communicates as an output with the blanking chamber 20.

As shown in fig. 5, the gate mechanism includes a link group and a gate plate 24, one end of the gate plate 24 is rotatably connected with a slide plate 25, the other end is connected with the link group, the slide plate 25 is slidably mounted on the hopper 4, a channel is formed between two gate plates 24 symmetrically distributed relative to the axis of the outlet of the blanking cavity 20, and the link group drives the gate plate 24 to adjust the posture relative to the hopper 4 so as to be opposite to the distribution to form a resistance channel, or to be distributed towards the blanking cavity 20 to form a backflow channel.

The flashboard 24 is equipped with the friction pad 26 towards resistance passageway one side, and the friction pad 26 forms the backward flow passageway between the tip of two flashboards 24 when unloading chamber 20, and the link group inserts the third driving element, and the third driving element passes through drive mechanism connection direction valve plate 19.

Specifically, the lower end opening of the blanking cavity 20 is used as an outlet of the blanking cavity 20, two connecting blocks 23 are fixed at the lower end of the blanking cavity 20, and the two connecting blocks 23 are symmetrically arranged. The flashboard 24 mechanism is arranged on the connecting blocks 23, the connecting rod group comprises a first connecting rod 15 and a second connecting rod 16, and the lower end of one connecting block 23 is rotatably provided with the first connecting rod 15 through a first shaft lever. The first shaft is fixedly connected with one end of the first link 15. The lower end of the other connection block 23 is rotatably mounted with the second link 16 by a second shaft. The second shaft is fixedly connected to the second link 16.

To achieve the linkage, as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, the transmission mechanism includes a first gear 13, a second gear 14, and a first belt transmission assembly 11, a second belt transmission assembly 12. One end of the second shaft is fixedly connected with a second gear 14, the second gear 14 is meshed with a first gear 13, and the first gear 13 is rotatably arranged on the hopper 4. The first link 15 and the first gear 13 are connected by the second belt transmission assembly 12. The hopper 4 is fixedly provided with a third motor 17, and an output shaft of the third motor 17 is fixedly connected with the first shaft lever. When the first connecting rod 15 rotates around the first shaft rod, the first connecting rod 15 drives the first gear 13 to rotate through the second belt transmission assembly 12, the first gear 13 drives the second gear 14 to rotate, and the second shaft rod drives the second connecting rod 16 to rotate. The first link 15 and the second link 16 are rotated in opposite directions. So that the first link 15 and the second link 16 are far from each other or near each other.

As shown in fig. 7, 8, 9 and 12, the shutter 24 is rotatably mounted to the ends of the first link 15 and the second link 16 remote from the connection block 23 by a third shaft. The third shaft lever, the second shaft lever and the first shaft lever are arranged in parallel. Both ends of each shutter 24 are rotatably connected with a slide plate 25 through a fourth shaft. The fourth shaft is perpendicular to the third shaft. The hopper 4 is provided with a chute 27 in sliding fit with the slide plate 25, and the slide plate 25 is arranged in the chute 27 in a limiting sliding manner.

When one sides of the two shutters 24 approach each other, a discharge gap having flow resistance is formed between the two shutters 24. When the material passes through the discharge gap, a certain flow resistance is received, so that the material is difficult to pass through the discharge gap under the action of self gravity.

The friction pad 26 is installed to one side of flashboard 24, and when one side of two flashboard 24 is close to each other, two friction pads 26 are close to each other, increase the circulation resistance that receives when the material passes through the ejection of compact clearance. The friction pad 26 may be a rubber pad, a plastic pad, or the like.

As shown in fig. 12, the first through-flow impeller 18 rotates, and the material in the feeding chamber 32 is sucked into the first through-flow impeller 18, and then blown into the discharging chamber 20 from the first through-flow impeller 18, and the material in the discharging chamber 20 is discharged through the discharge gap. The material is discharged under the action force generated by the rotation of the first through-flow impeller 18, which is beneficial to improving the discharging stability and reducing the floating.

When the discharge speed needs to be increased, the rotation speed of the first through-flow impeller 18 is increased.

As shown in fig. 4, the side of the second through-flow impeller 21 close to the blanking chamber 20 is the suction side. The side of the second through-flow impeller 21, which is close to the feeding cavity 32, is the discharging side, and a return cavity 22 is formed between the fixed block 33 between the feeding cavity 32 and the second through-flow impeller 21 and the inner wall of the hopper 4. One end of the return chamber 22 communicates with the feed chamber 32, and the other end communicates with the discharge side of the second through-flow impeller 21.

An arc-shaped guide groove is formed in the side wall of the blanking cavity 20, a guide valve plate 19 is slidably arranged in the arc-shaped guide groove, and the guide valve plate 19 is used for separating the first through-flow impeller 18 from the second through-flow impeller 21. The guide valve plate 19 is fixedly connected between the guide valve plate 19 and the end wall of the arc-shaped guide groove, and a rebound member is matched with the guide valve plate 19, wherein the rebound member can adopt a spring 29, a tension spring and the like. Taking the spring 29 as an example, under the action of the spring 29, the guide valve plate 19 extends to the outer side of the arc-shaped guide groove and abuts against the fixed block 33, so as to separate the second through-flow impeller 21 from the blanking cavity 20. And during blanking, materials in the blanking cavity 20 are prevented from entering the second through-flow impeller 21.

The winding roller 28 is rotatably arranged in the arc-shaped guide groove, the connecting rope 30 is wound on the winding roller 28, and one end of the connecting rope 30 is fixedly connected with the guide valve plate 19. The wind-up roll 28 rotates, so that the connecting rope 30 is gradually wound on the wind-up roll 28, and the guide valve plate 19 is retracted into the arc-shaped guide groove under the pulling of the connecting rope 30, so that the second through-flow impeller 21 is communicated with the blanking cavity 20. The second through-flow impeller 21 is started, the second through-flow impeller 21 sucks the material in the blanking cavity 20 into the second through-flow impeller 21, and then the material is discharged from the second through-flow impeller 21 and enters the feeding cavity 32 through the return cavity 22.

As shown in fig. 3, a first belt drive assembly 11 is disposed between the wind-up roller 28 and the first shaft on the first link 15. When the first shaft lever rotates, the first shaft lever drives the first connecting rod 15 to rotate, the first connecting rod 15 drives the flashboard 24 to move, when the two friction pads 26 are close to each other, the first shaft lever drives the wind-up roller 28 to rotate through the first belt transmission assembly 11, and then the connecting rope 30 is unreeled, so that the guide valve plate 19 extends to the outside of the arc-shaped guide groove. When the first shaft rod rotates, so that the flashboard 24 rotates and the two friction pads 26 are far away from each other, the first shaft rod drives the wind-up roller 28 to rotate through the first belt transmission assembly 11, and the connecting rope 30 is wound up, so that the guide valve plate 19 is retracted into the arc-shaped guide groove.

It should be noted that, in the material output stage, the gate mechanism is in a "resistance channel" state, and the friction pads 26 on the two gate plates 24 are relatively close to form a resistance channel, so that the material is output through the resistance channel under the power of the first through-flow impeller 18;

In the reflux stage, the gate mechanism is switched to a reflux channel, the friction pad 26 is turned over towards the blanking cavity 20 under the drive of the connecting rod group, meanwhile, the guide valve plate 19 is opened, the second through-flow impeller 21 generates suction force to form the reflux channel, therefore, the opening/blocking state of the blanking cavity 20 to the second through-flow impeller 21 is cooperatively controlled by the guide valve plate 19 and the gate mechanism, meanwhile, the outlet of the blanking cavity 20 is always communicated with the outside of the hopper 4, and when in reflux, the guide valve plate 19 is opened, the suction force of the second through-flow impeller 21 sucks air (or external air flow) and residual materials together, so that 'wind-carrying reflux' is realized, and the residual materials are returned to the feeding cavity 32.

In addition, when the gate plates 24 are turned over to enable the friction pad 26 to face the blanking cavity 20, the friction pad 26 faces upwards, the attached materials on the friction pad 26 are brought back to the feeding cavity 32 by the backflow air flow, a smooth backflow channel is formed between the end parts of the two gate plates 24, the friction pad 26 does not block the materials any more, the materials attached to the surfaces of the friction pad 26 are taken away by the backflow air flow, the friction pad 26 is made of flexible materials, the materials are easy to suck after the surfaces of the friction pad are exposed to the blanking cavity 20, and the channel state is switched by the change of the gesture of the gate plates 24, so that the material residues at the narrow positions of outlets are effectively reduced.

The first belt drive assembly 11 and the second belt drive assembly 12 may employ well-established prior art synchronous belt mechanisms, sprocket drives, and the like.

Example 2

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-12, an additive processing system is provided that utilizes a laser cladding additive powder dispensing device as in example 1.

As shown in fig. 1, the additive processing system includes a 3D printer body 1, two sides of a printing area 31 on the 3D printer body 1 are fixedly connected with connecting frames 2, and a hopper 4 is slidably disposed between the two connecting frames 2. Specifically, a sliding groove is formed in the connecting frame 2, a sliding block 10 is arranged in the sliding groove in a sliding mode, and the sliding block 10 is fixedly connected with the hopper 4. And an electric sliding rail 3 for driving the sliding block 10 to slide is arranged on the connecting frame 2. The electric slide rail 3 drives the hopper 4 to slide, so that the material is paved on the printing area 31.

Example 3

In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-12, a working method of a laser cladding additive powder distribution device is provided, and the laser cladding additive powder distribution device as in example 1 is utilized, including the following steps:

when filling materials, the fixed block 33 divides the hopper 4 into a feeding cavity 32 and a discharging cavity 20, the gate mechanism forms a resistance channel, the guide valve plate 19 is closed to cut off the communication between the discharging cavity 20 and the second through-flow impeller 21, the first through-flow impeller 18 and the second through-flow impeller 21 are stationary, and the materials are added into the feeding cavity 32;

When the materials are output, the first through-flow impeller 18 is started, the materials in the feeding cavity 32 are conveyed to the discharging cavity 20, the guide valve plate 19 is kept closed, and the materials are output from the outlet by overcoming the resistance of the resistance channel under the power of the guide valve plate;

when the residual materials are refluxed, the gate mechanism is switched into a reflux channel, the guide valve plate 19 is opened, the second through-flow impeller 21 is started to reflux the residual materials in the blanking cavity 20 to the upper cavity 32, after the reflux is finished, the second through-flow impeller 21 is stopped, the guide valve plate 19 and the gate mechanism are reset, and the next output of the materials is waited.

When the second through-flow impeller 21 is operated, the first through-flow impeller 18 is stopped to block the material feed from the feed chamber 32 to the discharge chamber 20, and at the same time, the material attached to the shutter mechanism is returned to the feed chamber 32.

Specifically, in connection with embodiment 1 and fig. 1-12, the working method specifically includes the following.

Initially, the guide valve plate 19 extends outside the arc-shaped guide groove under the action of the spring 29 and abuts against the fixed block 33, and the guide valve plate 19 separates the second through-flow impeller 21 from the blanking cavity 20. One sides of the two shutters 24 are close to each other, and a discharge gap is formed between the two shutters 24. One end of the baffle 6 abuts against the fixed block 33.

In use, material is fed into the loading chamber 32 through the feed port. The electric push rod 7 is started to move the baffle 6 to the outside of the hopper 4, so that the suction side of the first through-flow impeller 18 is communicated with the feeding cavity 32.

Then, as shown in fig. 12, the first through-flow impeller 18 is started, the first through-flow impeller 18 rotates, the first through-flow impeller 18 sucks the material in the feeding chamber 32 into the first through-flow impeller 18, the material in the first through-flow impeller 18 is discharged from the discharge side of the first through-flow impeller 18 into the discharging chamber 20, and the material in the discharging chamber 20 is discharged through the discharge gap and falls onto the printing region 31. Simultaneously, the electric slide rail 3 is started, so that the hopper 4 moves above the printing area 31, and the materials are gradually paved on the printing area 31.

After the material is laid, the first through-flow impeller 18 is closed, the electric push rod 7 is started, the baffle plate 6 moves into the hopper 4, and the baffle plate 6 abuts against the fixed block 33. After the first through-flow impeller 18 stops rotating, the material between the discharge gaps between the two shutters 24 does not flow out under the action of gravity, and after the laying is completed, the material does not fall down any more.

Then, the third motor 17 is started, the third motor 17 drives the first connecting rod 15 to rotate, the first connecting rod 15 drives the first gear 13 to rotate through the second belt transmission assembly 12, the first gear 13 drives the second gear 14 to rotate, the second gear 14 drives the second shaft to rotate, and the second connecting rod 16 rotates. And the first connecting rod 15 and the second connecting rod 16 are mutually far away, so that one end of the flashboard 24, which is close to the connecting block 23, turns outwards, the two friction pads 26 are far away, and the friction pads 26 are positioned on one side of the flashboard 24, which is close to the blanking cavity 20, so that materials in the discharging gap are positioned above the friction pads 26.

The first connecting rod 15 drives the wind-up roller 28 to rotate through the first belt transmission assembly 11, the wind-up roller 28 winds up the connecting rope 30, and the connecting rope 30 pulls the guide valve plate 19 to enable the guide valve plate 19 to enter the arc-shaped guide groove, so that the second through-flow impeller 21 is communicated with the blanking cavity 20.

Then, the second through-flow impeller 21 is started, and the material in the blanking chamber 20 is sucked into the second through-flow impeller 21, discharged from the discharge side of the second through-flow impeller 21, and enters the feeding chamber 32 through the return chamber 22.

After the laying is completed, the residual materials in the blanking cavity 20 are conveyed into the feeding cavity 32 again, so that the waste of the materials is reduced, and the accuracy of the next laying amount is guaranteed.

After the paving is finished, cladding and material-increasing processing is carried out on the materials through the composite energy field auxiliary laser.

When it is necessary to lay down the material again, the third motor 17 is first activated to bring the device back to the original state. Specifically, the third motor 17 drives the first connecting rod 15 to rotate, the first connecting rod 15 drives the second connecting rod 16 to rotate through the second belt transmission assembly 12, the first connecting rod 15 and the second connecting rod 16 are close to each other, the first connecting rod 15 and the second connecting rod 16 drive the corresponding flashboard 24 to rotate, one sides of the two flashboards 24 are close to each other, and a discharging gap is formed between the two flashboards 24. The first connecting rod 15 drives the wind-up roller 28 to rotate through the first belt transmission assembly 11, the connecting rope 30 is unreeled, the guide valve plate 19 extends to the outside of the arc-shaped guide groove under the action of the spring 29 and abuts against the fixed block 33, and the guide valve plate 19 separates the second through-flow impeller 21 from the blanking cavity 20.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The laser cladding material-increasing powder distribution device is characterized by comprising a hopper, wherein the hopper is arranged above a printing area through a sliding mechanism, a fixed block is arranged in the hopper so that the interior of the hopper is divided into a feeding cavity and a discharging cavity, a first through-flow impeller and a second through-flow impeller which are distributed on two sides of the fixed block are arranged between the feeding cavity and the discharging cavity, materials in the feeding cavity are conveyed to the discharging cavity when the first through-flow impeller rotates, materials in the discharging cavity are returned to the feeding cavity when the second through-flow impeller rotates, a gate mechanism is arranged at an outlet of the discharging cavity, a resistance channel is formed by action of the gate mechanism for material output or a return channel for material return, and a guide valve plate of a linkage gate mechanism is arranged between an outlet of the discharging cavity and the second through-flow impeller so as to cut off communication between the discharging cavity and the second through-flow impeller during material output.

2. The laser cladding additive powder distribution device according to claim 1, wherein the gate mechanism comprises a connecting rod group and a gate plate, one end of the gate plate is rotationally connected with the sliding plate, the other end of the gate plate is connected with the connecting rod group, the sliding plate is slidably arranged on the hopper, a channel is formed between the two gate plates symmetrically distributed relative to the axis of the outlet of the blanking cavity, and the connecting rod group drives the gate plate to adjust the posture relative to the hopper to be just distributed to form a resistance channel or distributed towards the blanking cavity to form a backflow channel.

3. The laser cladding additive powder distribution device according to claim 2, wherein a friction pad is arranged on one side of the flashboard facing the resistance channel, and a backflow channel is formed between the end parts of the two flashboards when the friction pad faces the blanking cavity.

4. A laser cladding additive powder distribution device as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the linkage is coupled to a third drive element which is connected to the pilot valve plate by a transmission mechanism.

5. The laser cladding additive powder distribution device according to claim 1, wherein the guide valve plate is slidably matched with a guide groove preset in the hopper wall, the guide valve plate is matched with a rebound element, and the guide valve plate can extend out of or retract into the guide groove to cut off or communicate a backflow path of materials in the blanking cavity.

6. The laser cladding additive powder distribution device of claim 5, wherein the guide valve plate is an arc plate, and after the guide valve plate protrudes out of the guide groove, an arc-shaped guide surface is formed to guide the material to be conveyed from the first through-flow impeller to the outlet of the blanking cavity.

7. The laser cladding material-increasing powder distribution device according to claim 1, wherein the first through-flow impeller and the second through-flow impeller are respectively matched with a driving element, the output end of the second through-flow impeller is communicated with the feeding cavity through the return cavity, the fixing block forms a bulge between the feeding cavity and the return cavity, and materials in the return cavity are stacked in the return cavity after passing through the bulge.

8. The laser cladding additive powder distribution device of claim 7, wherein a baffle is disposed between the inlet end of the first through-flow impeller and the loading chamber, the baffle sliding relative to the hopper to cut off or communicate between the first through-flow impeller and the loading chamber.

9. Additive processing system, characterized in that a laser cladding additive powder distribution device according to any of claims 1-8 is utilized.

10. A method for operating a laser cladding additive powder distribution device, using the laser cladding additive powder distribution device according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising:

when filling materials, the fixed block divides the hopper into a feeding cavity and a discharging cavity, the gate mechanism forms a resistance channel, the guide valve plate is closed to cut off the communication between the discharging cavity and the second through-flow impeller, the first through-flow impeller and the second through-flow impeller are stationary, and the materials are added into the feeding cavity;

When the material is output, the first through-flow impeller is started, the material in the feeding cavity is conveyed to the discharging cavity, the guide valve plate is kept closed, the material is output from the outlet by overcoming the resistance of the resistance channel under the power of the guide valve plate, the hopper moves above the printing area through the sliding mechanism, and the first through-flow impeller is stopped after the material is paved;

When the residual materials are refluxed, the gate mechanism is switched into a reflux channel, the guide valve plate is opened, the second through-flow impeller is started to reflux the residual materials in the blanking cavity to the feeding cavity, after the reflux is finished, the second through-flow impeller is stopped, the guide valve plate and the gate mechanism are reset, and the next material output is waited.