CN120284432B - Rib bone plate, rib bone plate preparation method and bone plate matrix preparation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a rib bone plate and a rib bone plate preparation method, and provides a bone plate matrix preparation method. The rib bone plate is used for connecting broken left bones and broken right bones. The rib bone fracture plate comprises a connecting part, a columnar part, a fixing part and a plurality of supporting whiskers. The columnar part is connected with the first end of the connecting part, and the fixing part is connected with the second end of the connecting part. The supporting and holding whisker is fixed on the side wall of the columnar part. The connecting part is positioned in the marrow cavity of the broken left bone and the broken right bone, the propping and holding device is propped against the marrow cavity inner wall of the broken left bone, a gap exists between the columnar part and the marrow cavity inner wall, and the fixing part is connected with the broken right bone. The rib bone fracture plate is difficult to generate larger deformation and lateral displacement of the rib fracture end caused by breathing of a human body through the arrangement of the supporting whiskers, and meanwhile, the operation wound of the rib bone fracture plate is smaller.

Description

Rib bone plate, rib bone plate preparation method and bone plate matrix preparation method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a rib bone plate, a rib bone plate preparation method and a bone plate matrix preparation method.

Background

When a rib bone of a human body is fractured, a bone plate is often used to connect the fractured bones together.

Bone plates currently used clinically are mainly divided into two fixing modes, namely external fixing and intramedullary fixing. The external fixed bone plate is arranged on the outer surface of the bone, and the intramedullary fixed bone plate is implanted into the marrow cavity for fixation. From the biomechanical point of view, the intramedullary fixed bone fracture plate is positioned closer to the mechanical neutral axis of the bone, and when the intramedullary fixed bone fracture plate is used for coping with mechanical loads such as bending and torsion, the stress born by the intramedullary fixed bone fracture plate is obviously smaller than that born by the external fixed bone fracture plate arranged on the surface of the bone. This design advantage makes the intramedullary fixation system perform better in terms of mechanical stability.

However, the existing intramedullary fixation bone fracture plate mostly adopts a fixation mode of fixing two ends, the intramedullary nail is firstly implanted into the bone marrow cavity by adopting an intramedullary nail fixation mode, and then the two ends of the bone fracture plate are fixed at two ends of a bone fracture by using the fixation nail. However, when the existing intramedullary fixed bone fracture plate is used on the rib, the rib moves along with the bone fracture plate when the human body breathes, and because a gap exists between the bone fracture plate body and the inner wall of the bone marrow cavity, the bone fracture plate body also moves in the radial direction of the bone marrow cavity, and the bone fracture plate body is easy to generate larger deformation, and finally the bone fracture end of the rib is laterally displaced. Meanwhile, the two ends of the existing intramedullary fixed bone fracture plate are fixed by the fixing nails, so that the operation wound is larger.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention discloses a rib bone plate, a rib bone plate preparation method and a bone plate matrix preparation method, wherein lateral displacement of a rib fracture end is difficult to occur, and an operation wound is small.

The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:

The invention provides a rib bone fracture plate which is used for connecting a broken left bone and a broken right bone and comprises a connecting part, a columnar part, a fixing part and a plurality of supporting whiskers, wherein the columnar part is connected with a first end of the connecting part, the fixing part is connected with a second end of the connecting part, the supporting whiskers are fixed on the side wall of the columnar part, the connecting part is positioned in marrow cavities of the broken left bone and the broken right bone, the supporting whiskers support the marrow cavity inner wall of the broken left bone, a gap exists between the columnar part and the marrow cavity inner wall, and the fixing part is connected with the broken right bone.

Further, the bone marrow cavity connecting device further comprises a plurality of yielding beards arranged on the columnar part, wherein the yielding beards are arranged on one side of the supporting beards away from the connecting part, gaps exist between the yielding beards and the inner wall of the bone marrow cavity, and gaps for accommodating bone fragments in the bone marrow cavity are arranged between the yielding beards.

Further, a gap for accommodating bone fragments in the marrow cavity is arranged between the supporting whiskers.

Further, the supporting whisker comprises a hydrogel layer, the hydrogel layer forms the outer surface of the supporting whisker, and after the hydrogel layer absorbs body fluid to expand, the contact area between the supporting whisker and the inner wall of the bone marrow cavity is increased.

Further, the connecting portion, the columnar portion, the fixing portion and the holding portion are all made of degradable materials.

Further, a guiding part for opening a passage is arranged at one end of the columnar part, which is far away from the connecting part.

Further, an operation hole is formed in the side wall of the broken right bone, the columnar portion, the supporting whisker and the connecting portion penetrate through the operation hole to enter the marrow cavity, and the fixing portion is fixed on the outer wall of the broken right bone.

Still further, one end of the holding whisker and one end of the abdicating whisker are connected with the side wall of the columnar part, the other end of the holding whisker holds against the inner wall of the marrow cavity of the broken left bone, and the holding whisker and the abdicating whisker incline towards one side of the connecting part.

Still further, the connecting part, the columnar part and the fixing part are respectively internally provided with a reinforcing rib, the reinforcing ribs are externally covered with a fibroin layer, and the reinforcing ribs comprise magnesium wires and PCL wires and/or PCLA wires.

Further, the PCL wire and/or the PCLA wire are/is wound on the magnesium wire and braided to form the reinforcing rib.

Furthermore, at least two reinforcing ribs are arranged, and the reinforcing ribs are arranged in parallel or are arranged in a cross mode.

Still further, the holding whisker further comprises a fibroin core, and the hydrogel layer coats the fibroin core.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the rib bone plate, which is used for preparing the rib bone plate with the silk fibroin core, and comprises the following steps:

Step one, providing a bone fracture plate matrix, wherein the bone fracture plate matrix comprises a columnar part, a connecting part and a fixing part which are sequentially connected;

step two, mixing a fibroin solution and a nano silver wire solution to form a first mixed solution;

preparing a fibroin core by using the first mixed solution, wherein one end of the fibroin core is connected with the columnar part;

Step four, mixing a fibroin solution, gelatin, polypyrrole monomers, ferric chloride, glycerol and chitosan to form a second mixed solution;

And fifthly, immersing the fibroin core in the second mixed solution, and forming a hydrogel layer on the fibroin core through electrochemical reaction, so as to obtain the supporting whisker.

In addition, the invention provides a preparation method of the bone plate matrix, which is used for preparing the bone plate matrix and comprises the following steps of,

Step one, weaving PCL filaments and/or PCLA filaments and magnesium filaments in a mixed mode to form a reinforcing rib;

step two, placing the reinforcing ribs into a pouring container, wherein two ends of the reinforcing ribs are respectively fixed on the side wall of the pouring container;

injecting fibroin solution into the pouring container, immersing the reinforcing ribs in the fibroin solution, and obtaining a bone fracture plate blank after pouring is completed;

And step four, performing a material reduction manufacturing process on the bone plate blank, and processing to form the bone plate matrix.

Compared with the prior art, the bone fracture plate has the beneficial effects that one end of the bone fracture plate is equivalent to being movably connected with the bone marrow cavity through the arrangement of the supporting whiskers. In the reciprocating motion process of the rib caused by human respiration, the bone fracture plate reciprocates in the bone marrow cavity along the axis of the bone marrow cavity, and the rib bone fracture plate is not easy to generate larger deformation. And because the supporting and holding must support the bone marrow cavity inner wall, there is no gap between bone marrow cavity inner wall and one end of the rib bone fracture plate, therefore the rib bone fracture plate of the invention is difficult to breathe with the human body and cause the rib fracture end to take place the lateral displacement. In addition, only one end of the rib bone plate is fixedly connected with the rib, and the operation wound is small.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional intramedullary fixation bone plate in a bone marrow cavity of a fractured rib;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rib plate of the present invention in a bone marrow cavity of a fractured rib;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a rib plate of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a rib plate of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a front view of a rib plate of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the bone plate base of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the reinforcing bar of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the reinforcing bars of the present invention in a casting container;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the parallel arrangement of the reinforcing bars of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the cross-arranged reinforcing bars of the present invention.

In the figure:

1 a-broken left bone, 1 b-broken right bone, 2-connecting part, 3-columnar part, 4-fixing part, 5-holding whisker, 6-yielding whisker, 7-guiding part, 8-reinforcing rib, 8 a-magnesium wire, 8b-PCL wire, 8c-PCLA wire, 9-casting container, 10-bone plate body, 11-penetrating screw and 12-fixing screw.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected via an intervening medium, or in communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art. In addition, the technical features of the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.

As shown in fig. 1, a conventional intramedullary fixation bone plate is provided, in which a bone plate body 10 is implanted into a bone marrow cavity of a fractured rib, and left and right bones of a fracture of the fractured rib are defined as a fractured left bone 1a and a fractured right bone 1b, respectively. The first end of the bone plate body 10 is located in the medullary cavity of the fractured left bone 1a, and the first end of the bone plate body 10 is fixed to the fractured left bone 1a by the through-screws 11. The second end of the bone plate body 10 is positioned in the medullary cavity of the fractured right bone 1b, and the second end of the bone plate body 10 is fixed to the fractured right bone 1b by the set screw 12. As can be seen in fig. 1, to facilitate implantation of the bone plate body 10 into the bone marrow cavity, a gap is provided between the first end of the bone plate body 10 and the inner wall of the bone marrow cavity of the rib. Thus, conventional intramedullary fixation bone plates have several drawbacks:

firstly, when the human body breathes, the ribs can reciprocate due to the expansion and contraction of the chest, and the bone plate body 10 can also reciprocate. The long-term reciprocating movement of the bone plate body 10 is likely to cause deformation of the bone plate body 10.

Secondly, because a gap exists between the bone plate body 10 and the inner wall of the bone marrow cavity, the bone plate body 10 moves along the radial direction of the bone marrow cavity along with the reciprocating motion of the ribs in the respiratory process of a human body, and finally the fracture ends of the ribs are laterally shifted, as shown in fig. 1, dislocation occurs between the broken left bone 1a and the broken right bone 1 b.

Third, since the first end of the bone plate body 10 is fixed to the fractured left bone 1a by the through-screws 11, the second end of the bone plate body 10 is fixed to the fractured right bone 1b by the set screws 12. Therefore, at least two wounds are needed during the implantation of the bone plate body 10 into the rib, for fixing the through-screws 11 and the fixing screws 12, respectively, and the operation wound is large.

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional intramedullary fixation bone plate, the present invention discloses a rib bone plate which adopts an intramedullary fixation method, as shown in fig. 2, for connecting a broken left bone 1a and a broken right bone 1b on a rib.

As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the rib bone plate of the present invention includes a connecting portion 2, a columnar portion 3, a fixing portion 4, and a plurality of holding whiskers 5. The columnar portion 3 is connected with the first end of the connecting portion 2, and the fixing portion 4 is connected with the second end of the connecting portion 2, that is, the columnar portion 3, the connecting portion 2 and the fixing portion 4 are sequentially connected along the same straight line direction. The supporting whisker 5 is fixed on the side wall of the columnar part 3, and the supporting whisker 5 and the columnar part 3 form a similar shape as a feather duster. The connecting portion 2 is a flat strip plate, and the strength and rigidity of the connecting portion 2 are high for connecting the broken left bone 1a and the broken right bone 1 b.

As shown in fig. 2, when the rib plate of the present invention is to be implanted on a fractured rib bone, it is necessary to implant the plate. The broken right bone 1b is provided with a surgical hole communicated with the bone marrow cavity, and then the columnar part 3 and the supporting whisker 5 are driven to enter the surgical hole together, and the supporting whisker 5 is already supported against the inner wall of the bone marrow cavity of the broken right bone 1 b. Pushing the column 3 towards the fractured left bone 1a and the connecting part 2 into the bone marrow cavity of the fractured right bone 1 b. The columnar part 3 is pushed to move towards the broken left bone 1a together with the holding whisker 5, and when the columnar part 3 enters the marrow cavity of the broken left bone 1a, the holding whisker 5 holds the inner wall of the marrow cavity of the broken left bone 1 a. The movement of the column 3 together with the abutment whisker 5 towards the fractured left bone 1a is continued until the connecting part 2 enters the bone marrow cavity of the fractured left bone 1a, at which time the connecting part 2 is still partially located in the bone marrow cavity of the fractured right bone 1 b.

As shown in fig. 2, when the connecting portion 2 is located in the medullary cavity of the fractured left bone 1a and the fractured right bone 1b, the columnar portion 3 is located in the medullary cavity of the fractured left bone 1a, and the holding whiskers 5 hold against the medullary cavity inner wall of the fractured left bone 1a, and the holding whiskers 5 are made difficult to move by friction between each holding whisker 5 and the medullary cavity inner wall, so that the columnar portion 3 is made difficult to move. Because of the existence of the supporting whisker 5, a gap exists between the columnar part 3 and the inner wall of the bone marrow cavity, and the harder columnar part 3 can not support the inner wall of the bone marrow cavity relative to the supporting whisker 5, so that the columnar part 3 can not reciprocate along with ribs due to human respiration, and the columnar part 3 is caused to reciprocate in the bone marrow cavity for scraping. Subsequently, the fixing portion 4 is connected to the fractured right bone 1b, so that the implantation of the rib plate of the present invention is completed.

The rib bone plate has the following advantages:

Firstly, when the human body breathes, the rib can reciprocate due to the expansion and contraction of the chest, and the supporting whisker 5 is softer, and the supporting whisker 5 is in non-rigid connection with the inner wall of the marrow cavity positioned at the broken left bone 1 a. Therefore, even if the rib reciprocates, the columnar portion 3 reciprocates along the axis of the bone marrow cavity only in the bone marrow cavity of the fractured left bone 1a, so that the deformation of the connecting portion 2 serving to connect the fractured rib is small.

Secondly, the holding whisker 5 holds the inner wall of the marrow cavity of the broken left bone 1 a. Therefore, there is no gap between the rib plate of the present invention and the inner wall of the medullary cavity of the fractured left bone 1 a. Therefore, the rib bone plate of the invention is not easy to breathe along with human body, and the dislocation between the broken left bone 1a and the broken right bone 1b as shown in figure 1 occurs.

Thirdly, since the rib bone plate of the present invention needs to be connected to the fractured rib only at the fixing portion 4, the operation wound of the rib bone plate of the present invention is small compared with the conventional intramedullary fixation bone plate which needs at least two fixing points.

In the rib bone plate of the present invention, the material of the holding whisker 5, the arrangement of the holding whisker 5, and other technical features have various embodiments, and among the various technical features of the material of the holding whisker 5, each technical feature mainly selects one of the embodiments for detailed description, and an example of the embodiment is referred to as this example. Other embodiments of numerous features such as the material against which the whisker 5 is held are referred to as other examples, for which a brief description is given below.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the rib bone plate of the present invention further includes a plurality of relief whiskers 6 provided on the columnar portion 3. The yielding whisker 6 has elasticity. The yielding whiskers 6 are all arranged on one side of the supporting whisker 5 away from the connecting part 2. The holding whisker 5 and the yielding whisker 6 may have one end fixed on the column portion 3, and the length of the yielding whisker 6 is shorter than the length of the holding whisker 5. When the rib bone plate is implanted into a fractured rib, gaps exist between the abdication whiskers 6 and the inner wall of the marrow cavity of the fractured left bone 1 a. Meanwhile, gaps for containing bone fragments in the bone marrow cavity are arranged among the yielding whiskers 6, as shown in fig. 2, the yielding whiskers 6 can be arranged around the axis of the columnar part 3, and the yielding whiskers 6 are arranged in an array, so that the bone fragments can be clamped into the gaps among the yielding whiskers 6.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, after the rib is fractured, part of bone fragments generated by the fracture falls into the bone marrow cavity, and the holding whisker 5 holds against the inner wall of the bone marrow cavity when entering the bone marrow cavity of the fractured right bone 1 b. Therefore, the holding whisker 5 may push bone fragments located in the bone marrow cavity of the fractured right bone 1b out of the bone marrow cavity from the rib fracture crack in the process of moving along with the columnar part 3 to the fractured left bone 1a, and thus the bone fragments fall into the chest cavity, which may cause damage to human viscera. Due to the arrangement of the abdication whisker 6, the abdication whisker 6 is not contacted with the bone marrow cavity all the time in the process of the movement in the bone marrow cavity. Because other substances such as red bone marrow are also contained in the bone marrow cavity, bone fragments are usually stuck to the side wall of the bone marrow cavity, and when the holding whisker 5 is contacted with the bone fragments falling in the bone marrow cavity, the holding whisker 5 enables the bone fragments to fall off from the side wall of the bone marrow cavity, and the fallen bone fragments can be blocked into gaps among the yielding whiskers 6. When the abutment whisker 5 continues to move towards the broken left bone 1a, the abutment whisker 6 moves together with bone fragments into the bone marrow cavity of the broken left bone 1 a. Therefore, the invention greatly reduces the possibility that bone fragments fall into the chest through the arrangement of the abdominals 6. In other embodiments, the bone marrow cavity is found to be cleaner under X-ray examination, and the abduction whisker 6 may not be provided when there is no bone debris.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a gap for accommodating bone fragments in the bone marrow cavity is also provided between the abutment whiskers 5. The supporting whiskers 5 are also arranged around the axis of the columnar part 3, and the supporting whiskers 5 are arranged in an array. Therefore, when the holding whiskers 5 move in the marrow cavity of the fractured right bone 1b, part of the bone fragments can be blocked into the gaps between the holding whiskers 5, so that the possibility that the bone fragments fall into the chest cavity is reduced. Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, due to the arrangement of the yielding whiskers 6, even if some bone fragments are not clamped into the gaps between the abutting whiskers 5, the bone fragments can fall into the gaps of the yielding whiskers 6. In other embodiments, when no bone fragments are found in the bone marrow cavity under the examination of X-ray, in addition to the arrangement of the abdication whiskers 6, the rest whiskers 5 may be arranged in a dispersed or dense arrangement, i.e., a gap far greater than the maximum length of the bone fragments and a gap far less than the minimum length of the bone fragments may be adopted between the rest whiskers 5. In other embodiments, a gap for accommodating bone fragments in the bone marrow cavity is provided between the yielding whiskers 6, and a gap for accommodating bone fragments in the bone marrow cavity is provided between the abutting whiskers 5, so that one of the gaps can be selected, but the effects are not good.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the abutment whisker 5 comprises a hydrogel layer forming the outer surface of the abutment whisker 5. Hydrogels are a class of extremely hydrophilic three-dimensional network structure gels that swell rapidly in water. When the rib bone plate of the present invention is implanted, the hydrogel layer does not expand immediately because the implantation process takes less time. However, after the rib bone plate of the present invention is implanted, the body fluid in the bone marrow cavity has moisture, and the moisture contacts the hydrogel layer located on the holding whisker 5 for a long time, and the hydrogel layer absorbs the moisture in the body fluid and gradually expands, so that the contact area between the holding whisker 5 and the inner wall of the bone marrow cavity is increased, and the friction between the holding whisker 5 and the inner wall of the bone marrow cavity located on the fractured left bone 1a is increased, and the rib bone plate of the present invention is more firmly connected. In other embodiments, the holding whisker 5 may also be made entirely of fibroin, so that the holding whisker 5 has better flexibility.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the holding whisker 5 further includes a fibroin core, and the hydrogel layer coats the fibroin core. Because of the defects of low strength and poor toughness of the hydrogel, in order to prevent the rib bone fracture plate from happening when the supporting whisker 5 enters the marrow cavity and is extruded to fracture in the implantation process. Therefore, a fibroin core having a supporting effect is required to be provided inside the hydrogel layer, and fibroin has good mechanical properties and physicochemical properties such as good flexibility and tensile strength. In the preparation process of the supporting whisker 5, the fibroin core is fixed on the columnar part 3, and then the hydrogel layer is coated on the outer side of the fibroin core. The abdication whisker 6 is only made of fibroin and cannot have hydrogel components, so that the situation that the abdication whisker 6 swells to influence the accommodation of bone fragments is avoided. In other embodiments, to reduce the manufacturing cost of the holding whisker 5, the holding whisker 5 may be entirely composed of hydrogel, but in this embodiment, the holding whisker 5 is prone to fracture.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, one end of the holding whisker 5 and one end of the yielding whisker 6 are connected to the side wall of the columnar portion 3, and the other end of the holding whisker 5 holds the inner wall of the bone marrow cavity of the fractured left bone 1 a. The supporting whisker 5 and the abdicating whisker 6 are inclined towards one side of the connecting part 2, so that each supporting whisker 5 and each abdicating whisker 6 form an arrow-like structure together, and the supporting whisker 5 and the abdicating whisker 6 can move in the marrow cavity conveniently. In other embodiments, if the giving-up whisker 6 is not provided and a gap for accommodating bone fragments is not required between the holding whiskers 5, the middle part of each holding whisker 5 may be fixed on the columnar portion 3, the fixing points of each holding whisker 5 on the columnar portion 3 are located on the same radial cross section of the columnar portion 3, the fixing points of each holding whisker 5 on the columnar portion 3 are arranged at equal intervals, and both ends of each holding whisker 5 are used for holding the inner wall of the bone marrow cavity.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the end of the columnar portion 3 remote from the connecting portion 2 is provided with a guide portion 7 for opening a passage. The cross-sectional area of the guide portion 7 gradually decreases in a direction toward the connecting portion 2, i.e., the tip of the guide portion 7 is disposed in a direction toward the connecting portion 2. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the guide part 7, in the process of moving the connecting part 2 in the marrow cavity, substances such as red marrow and the like in the marrow cavity are pulled out by the guide part 7, so that a passage is opened for the connecting part 2. In other embodiments, the guide 7 may be provided when there are no other debris such as bone fragments in the bone marrow cavity.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a surgical hole is provided on the side wall of the fractured right bone 1 b. The guiding part 7, the columnar part 3, the abdication whisker 6, the supporting whisker 5 and the connecting part 2 penetrate through the operation hole and enter the marrow cavity of the broken right bone 1 b. After the holding whisker 5 is held against the inner wall of the marrow cavity of the broken left bone 1a, the fixing part 4 is fixed on the outer wall of the broken right bone 1 b. In detail, the fixing portion 4 is closely attached to the outer wall of the fractured right bone 1b, and the fixing point of the fixing portion 4 is disposed near the operation hole. The invention facilitates the operation by fixing the fixing part 4 on the outer wall of the broken right bone 1 b. And since the operation hole is provided near the fixing point of the fixing portion 4, the operation wound can be small. Meanwhile, the fixing part 4 is tightly attached to the outer wall of the broken right bone 1b, so that no gap exists between the two ends of the rib bone fracture plate and ribs, and rib dislocation caused by human breathing is not easy to occur. In other embodiments, the fixation portion 4 may also be fixed to the inner wall of the medullary cavity of the fractured right bone 1b, such that the rib plate is disposed entirely within the medullary cavity, but the fixation portion 4 is difficult to fix.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the connection portion 2, the columnar portion 3, the fixing portion 4, and the holding whisker 5 are all made of a degradable material. The abdication whisker 6 can also be made of degradable materials, namely the rib bone plate of the invention is made of degradable materials. Conventional rib plates are usually made of a metal material which is not easily degraded, so that the conventional rib plates need to be taken out again after fracture healing so as not to cause blockage of bone marrow cavities. The rib bone fracture plate is made of degradable materials, so that the rib bone fracture plate can be automatically degraded in the rib fracture healing process, and the rib bone fracture plate is taken out without secondary operation. In this embodiment, the degradable material may be a degradable metal material such as fibroin and magnesium metal.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the connection portion 2, the columnar portion 3, the fixing portion 4, and the guide portion 7 are all integrally formed of a degradable material. In some embodiments without the guide 7, the connecting portion 2, the columnar portion 3 and the fixing portion 4 are integrally formed of a degradable material. Whether or not the guide part 7 is provided, the structure formed by the connecting part 2, the columnar part 3, the fixing part 4 and the guide part 7 or the structure formed by the connecting part 2, the columnar part 3 and the fixing part 4 is collectively called a bone plate matrix. The bone plate matrix is strip-shaped, so that after the bone plate matrix enters the bone marrow cavity, the bone marrow cavity is not blocked, and nutrient substances in the bone marrow cavity still have larger space to flow freely.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the bone plate matrix is composed of reinforcing ribs 8 and fibroin layers coated outside the reinforcing ribs 8, and reinforcing ribs are provided in the connection portion 2, the columnar portion 3, the fixing portion 4 and the guide portion 7. In some embodiments without the guide 7, the connecting portion 2, the columnar portion 3 and the fixing portion 4 each have a reinforcing rib therein. The stiffener 8 comprises magnesium filaments 8a, while the stiffener 8 further comprises PCL filaments 8b and/or PCLA filaments 8c. The reinforcing ribs 8 play a role in improving the strength of the bone plate matrix. PCL is short for polylactic acid, PCLA is short for polylactic acid copolymer, and acid is generated after degradation of PCL or PCLA. And the magnesium metal is degraded to produce alkali. Therefore, the bone fracture plate matrix is degraded by acid-base neutralization, and no side effect is generated on human body. Meanwhile, fibroin is a natural polymer fibrin which is degradable and harmless after degradation. Therefore, the bone fracture plate matrix can be degraded on the premise of ensuring the strength of the bone fracture plate matrix by arranging the reinforcing ribs 8 and the fibroin layers. Meanwhile, due to the arrangement of the magnesium wires 8a, the rib bone plate is developed under CT irradiation, so that doctors can clearly know the position of the bone plate. In other embodiments, the bone plate matrix may be made of fibroin, but the strength of the bone plate matrix is difficult to ensure, and the bone plate matrix needs to be designed, for example, the radial cross section of the bone plate matrix is designed to be triangular, so as to improve the strength of the bone plate matrix, but the strength of the bone plate matrix in this embodiment is not as good as that in the present embodiment. Meanwhile, the bone fracture plate matrix made of fibroin only cannot be developed under CT irradiation, so that in the preparation process of the bone fracture plate matrix, a developer such as iohexol, iopamidol and the like needs to be added into the fibroin solution, and the developer can cause damage to kidneys.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, PCL filaments 8b and/or PCLA filaments 8c are wound around magnesium filaments 8a and braided to form a reinforcing rib 8. In fig. 7, the magnesium wire 8a is located in the middle, and the PCL wire 8b and the PCLA wire 8c are divided to be located on both sides of the magnesium wire 8 a. According to the invention, the reinforcing ribs 8 are woven by adopting the magnesium wires 8a and the like, so that the acid and alkali neutralization is more sufficient in the degradation process of the reinforcing ribs 8. In other embodiments, the magnesium filaments 8a, the PCL filaments 8b, and the PCLA filaments may be arranged parallel to each other in order to reduce the manufacturing cost and to reduce the steps of braiding the reinforcing ribs 8.

Aiming at the structure of the bone plate matrix in the embodiment, the invention also discloses a preparation method of the bone plate matrix, which specifically comprises the following steps:

Step one, as shown in fig. 7, PCL filaments 8b and/or PCLA filaments 8c are mixed with magnesium filaments 8a to form a reinforcing rib 8.

Step two, as shown in fig. 8, the reinforcing ribs 8 are bent to form a zigzag-like shape. The reinforcing bars 8 are then placed in the casting container 9. The pouring container 9 is a box-shaped container with an opening at one side, and the two side walls of the pouring container 9 which are oppositely arranged are respectively provided with a containing hole for containing the end part of the reinforcing rib 8. During the insertion of the reinforcing ribs 8 into the pouring vessel 9, both ends of the reinforcing ribs 8 are respectively fixed in receiving holes provided in the side walls of the pouring vessel 9. In order to ensure the strength of the bone fracture plate matrix, at least two reinforcing ribs 8 are arranged, each reinforcing rib 8 can be arranged in parallel in the pouring container 9 in a mode shown in fig. 9, or the pouring containers 9 of each reinforcing rib 8 are arranged in a crossed mode in a mode shown in fig. 10.

Step three, as shown in fig. 8, injecting a fibroin solution into a pouring container 9, immersing each reinforcing rib 8 in the fibroin solution, and obtaining the bone fracture plate embryo after pouring.

And step four, performing a material reduction manufacturing process on the bone plate blank, and processing to form a bone plate matrix shown in fig. 6, wherein the bone plate matrix is in a zigzag shape.

In addition, in the present embodiment, after the bone plate matrix is obtained through the casting process and the subtractive manufacturing process, the abutment whisker 5 and the relief whisker 6 are also required to be prepared on the columnar portion 3, so that the rib bone plate of the present invention can be finally manufactured. The structure of the holding whisker 5 is the same as that of the yielding whisker 6, and a method for preparing the holding whisker 5 will be described in detail. Specific:

The invention provides a rib bone plate preparation method, which comprises the following steps:

step one, providing a bone plate matrix which is prepared completely.

And step two, mixing the fibroin solution and the nano silver wire solution to form a first mixed solution. In detail, the nano silver wire solution is added into the fibroin solution, the concentration of the nano silver wire solution is between 0.5 and 2mg/mL, the concentration of the fibroin solution is between 5 and 10mg/mL, and the ratio of the nano silver wire solution to the fibroin solution is about 1 to 5 to 1 to 20. The nanometer silver wire is in a thread shape, so that the nanometer silver wire solution and the fibroin solution are easy to mix. The mixed solution of the fibroin solution and the nano silver wire solution is stirred by rotating clockwise. The stirring speed is set to 300-500 rpm, so that the stirring speed can ensure that the nano silver wires are uniformly dispersed in the fibroin solution, and meanwhile, the nano silver wires in the mixed solution are not damaged or excessive unnecessary bubbles are generated in the mixed solution due to the excessively high stirring speed. After stirring for 2 to 3 hours, the nano silver wire is fully diffused in the fibroin solution, so as to obtain a first mixed solution.

And thirdly, preparing a fibroin core by using the first mixed solution, wherein one end of the fibroin core is connected with the columnar part 3. In detail, a 3D printing method is adopted, a fibroin core with the diameter of 0.5 mm is manufactured by adding a first mixed solution on the side wall of the columnar part 3, and the included angle between the axis of the fibroin core and the axis of the columnar part 3 is 35-45 degrees.

Step four, mixing a fibroin solution, gelatin, polypyrrole monomers, ferric chloride, glycerol and chitosan to form a second mixed solution;

And fifthly, immersing the fibroin core in the second mixed solution, and forming a hydrogel layer on the fibroin core through electrochemical reaction, thereby obtaining the holding whisker 5. In detail, when the fibroin core is immersed in the second mixed solution, the fibroin core and the platinum sheet are both placed in the second mixed solution, and the fibroin core contains nano silver wires, so that the fibroin core can be used as an electrode for electrochemical reaction like the platinum sheet. And then electrifying the fibroin core and the platinum sheet for electrochemical reaction, setting the electrified direct current voltage to be 1.5-3V, the electrified current density to be 0.1-0.5mA/cm < 2 >, and setting the electrified time to be 10-30 minutes. In the electrochemical reaction process, the negatively charged fibroin and polypyrrole monomers in the second mixed solution migrate to the fibroin core serving as an anode and are enriched, then iron ions in ferric chloride trigger the polypyrrole monomers to polymerize on the surface of the fibroin core, and simultaneously, the fibroin and gelatin are crosslinked through the hydrophobic effect of hydrogen bonds, so that a hydrogel layer is formed on the surface of the fibroin core. Meanwhile, silk fibroin core contains filiform nano silver wires, so that the negative charged fibroin and polypyrrole monomers in the second mixed solution are more easily aggregated on the surface of the fibroin core in the electrochemical reaction process.

In summary, the rib bone plate is arranged by the supporting whisker 5, so that the operation wound is smaller, and the rib bone plate has smaller deformation and is not easy to misplace between the broken left bone 1a and the broken right bone 1b when a human body breathes. And by arranging the abdication whisker 6, the possibility that bone fragments fall into the chest cavity is greatly reduced. And by providing a gap between the abutment whiskers 5 for receiving bone fragments in the medullary cavity, the likelihood of bone fragments falling into the chest cavity is also reduced. And the rib bone fracture plate is more firmly connected through the arrangement of the hydrogel layer. And the supporting whisker 5 comprises a fibroin core, so that the supporting whisker 5 is ensured to have good mechanical property and physicochemical property. And through setting up to support and hold the whisker 5 and give way the whisker 6 and incline towards one side of the connecting portion 2, the movement in the marrow cavity of the whisker 5 and give way the whisker 6 of facilitating. And the connecting part 2 is convenient to move in the marrow cavity by the arrangement of the guiding part 7. And the fixing part 4 is fixed on the outer wall of the broken right bone 1b, thereby facilitating the operation. And the rib bone fracture plate is made of degradable materials, so that the rib bone fracture plate is taken out without secondary operation. And through the setting of strengthening rib 8 and fibroin layer for bone fracture plate base member's intensity under the prerequisite that has ensured, bone fracture plate base member degradable, and can know the position of bone fracture plate base member clearly under CT shines. And the reinforcing ribs 8 are woven by adopting magnesium wires 8a and the like, so that acid and alkali neutralization is more sufficient in the degradation process of the reinforcing ribs 8.

It should be emphasized that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification made to the above-mentioned embodiments according to the technical principles of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. A rib bone fracture plate for connecting a broken left bone (1 a) and a broken right bone (1 b), which is characterized by comprising a connecting part (2), a columnar part (3), a fixing part (4) and a plurality of supporting whiskers (5);

The columnar part (3) is connected with the first end of the connecting part (2), and the fixing part (4) is connected with the second end of the connecting part (2);

The supporting whisker (5) is fixed on the side wall of the columnar part (3);

The connecting part (2) is positioned in the marrow cavity of the broken left bone (1 a) and the broken right bone (1 b), the supporting whisker (5) supports against the marrow cavity inner wall of the broken left bone (1 a), a gap exists between the columnar part (3) and the marrow cavity inner wall, and the fixing part (4) is connected with the broken right bone (1 b);

The bone marrow cavity connecting device further comprises a plurality of abdication whiskers (6) arranged on the columnar part (3), wherein the abdication whiskers (6) are arranged on one side of the propping whiskers (5) away from the connecting part (2), and gaps exist between the abdication whiskers (6) and the inner wall of the bone marrow cavity;

the supporting whisker (5) comprises a hydrogel layer, wherein the hydrogel layer forms the outer surface of the supporting whisker (5), and after the hydrogel layer absorbs body fluid to expand, the contact area between the supporting whisker (5) and the inner wall of the bone marrow cavity is increased;

the supporting whisker (5) further comprises a fibroin core, and the hydrogel layer coats the fibroin core.

2. A rib bone plate according to claim 1, characterized in that a gap for receiving bone chips in the bone marrow cavity is provided between each abutment whisker (5).

3. The rib bone plate of claim 1, characterized in that the connection portion (2), the column portion (3), the fixation portion (4) and the abutment whisker (5) are all made of a degradable material.

4. A rib bone plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of the cylindrical portion (3) remote from the connecting portion (2) is provided with a guide portion (7) for opening up a passage.

5. The rib bone plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the side wall of the broken right bone (1 b) is provided with a surgical hole, the columnar part (3), the supporting whisker (5) and the connecting part (2) penetrate through the surgical hole to enter the marrow cavity, and the fixing part (4) is fixed on the outer wall of the broken right bone (1 b).

6. The rib bone plate according to claim 1, wherein one end of the holding whisker (5) and one end of the yielding whisker (6) are connected with the side wall of the columnar portion (3), the other end of the holding whisker (5) holds against the inner wall of the bone marrow cavity of the broken left bone (1 a), and the holding whisker (5) and the yielding whisker (6) are inclined towards one side of the connecting portion (2).

7. A rib bone plate according to claim 3, characterized in that the connecting part (2), the columnar part (3) and the fixing part (4) are provided with reinforcing ribs (8), the reinforcing ribs (8) are coated with fibroin layers, and the reinforcing ribs (8) comprise magnesium wires (8 a) and PCL wires (8 b) and/or PCLA wires (8 c).

8. The rib bone plate according to claim 7, characterized in that the PCL filaments (8 b) and/or the PCLA filaments (8 c) are wound around the magnesium filaments (8 a) and braided to form the stiffening rib (8).

9. The rib bone plate according to claim 8, characterized in that the ribs (8) are provided at least in two, that the ribs (8) are arranged in parallel or that the ribs (8) are arranged crosswise.

10. A method for preparing a rib bone plate, for preparing the rib bone plate of claim 8, comprising the steps of:

step one, providing a bone fracture plate matrix, wherein the bone fracture plate matrix comprises a columnar part (3), a connecting part (2) and a fixing part (4) which are sequentially connected;

step two, mixing a fibroin solution and a nano silver wire solution to form a first mixed solution;

Step three, preparing the fibroin core by using a first mixed solution, wherein one end of the fibroin core is connected with the columnar part (3);

Step four, mixing a fibroin solution, gelatin, polypyrrole monomers, ferric chloride, glycerol and chitosan to form a second mixed solution;

And fifthly, immersing the fibroin core in the second mixed solution, and forming a hydrogel layer on the fibroin core through electrochemical reaction, thereby obtaining the supporting whisker (5).

11. A method for preparing a bone plate matrix, characterized in that the bone plate matrix according to claim 10 is prepared by the steps of,

Step one, weaving PCL filaments (8 b) and/or PCLA filaments (8 c) and magnesium filaments (8 a) in a mixed mode to form reinforcing ribs (8);

Step two, placing the reinforcing ribs (8) into a pouring container (9), wherein two ends of the reinforcing ribs (8) are respectively fixed on the side wall of the pouring container (9);

Injecting fibroin solution into the pouring container (9), immersing the reinforcing ribs (8) in the fibroin solution, and obtaining a bone fracture plate blank after pouring is completed;

And step four, performing a material reduction manufacturing process on the bone plate blank, and processing to form the bone plate matrix.