CN120211699A - A coaxial perforating gun - Google Patents
A coaxial perforating gun Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN120211699A CN120211699A CN202510716002.9A CN202510716002A CN120211699A CN 120211699 A CN120211699 A CN 120211699A CN 202510716002 A CN202510716002 A CN 202510716002A CN 120211699 A CN120211699 A CN 120211699A
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- Prior art keywords
- perforating
- bullet
- gun
- mounting holes
- wall
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
- E21B43/1185—Ignition systems
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/119—Details, e.g. for locating perforating place or direction
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
- Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a coaxial follow-up perforating gun, and belongs to the technical field of equipment for perforating an underground soil layer. The perforating gun comprises a gun body and a bullet frame, wherein a plurality of mounting holes are formed in two sides of the bullet frame in a staggered mode, clamping holes are formed in one side, opposite to the mounting holes, of the other side of the bullet frame, a front lifting bushing and perforating bullets are arranged in the mounting holes, the front lifting bushing is located between the outer wall of each perforating bullet and the inner wall of the mounting hole, a detonation body is arranged at one end of the inner side of each perforating bullet, the end of each detonation body penetrates through the corresponding clamping holes to extend to the outside, at least two fixing clamping rings are arranged on the outer side of each bullet frame, and adjusting holes are formed in the fixing clamping rings. The perforating gun mainly comprises three modules of a gun body, a bullet frame and a self-directional bearing, and is convenient to maintain due to the fact that a simple and stable structural design is adopted as a whole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of equipment for penetrating an underground soil layer, in particular to a coaxial follow-up perforating gun.
Background
After the well cementation process is completed in the oil and gas well, a well casing is installed in the original well and cement slurry is injected to strengthen the well, at this time, the well and stratum are in a separated state, oil and gas cannot be extracted from an oil and gas reservoir beside the well, and at this time, a perforating gun is required to be used for perforation to open the communication between the bottom layer and the well. Forming a channel for oil and gas transmission. The perforating gun is used as core equipment, and the structural design of the perforating gun directly influences the perforating precision, the perforating reliability and the perforating operation efficiency. Existing perforating guns typically include a gun body and a charge holder for mounting the charges and achieving synchronized or sequential detonation by detonating cords, however in complex well conditions, conventional perforating guns present the following technical bottlenecks.
Traditional perforating bullet fixing modes mostly depend on a single structure, such as a rigid clamp or simple bolt fastening, and a hierarchical cooperative fixing mechanism is lacked. The radial clamping force is weak, the impact resistance is poor, the displacement is easy to occur under high-frequency vibration or perforation impact, the detonation failure or perforation direction deviation is caused, and the operation success rate is seriously influenced. In view of this, we propose a coaxial follow-up perforating gun.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coaxial follow-up perforating gun, which solves the problems in the prior art:
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
The coaxial along-with-feed perforating gun comprises a gun body and a bullet rack, wherein a plurality of mounting holes are formed in two sides of the bullet rack in a staggered manner, a clamping hole is formed in one side, opposite to the mounting holes, of the other side of the bullet rack, a front lifting bushing and a perforating bullet are arranged in the mounting holes, the front lifting bushing is positioned between the outer wall of the perforating bullet and the inner wall of the mounting holes, a detonation body is arranged at one end of the inner side of the perforating bullet, and the end part of the detonation body penetrates through the clamping hole and extends to the outside;
at least two fixed snap rings are arranged on the outer sides of the mounting holes of the elastic frame, and adjusting hole positions are arranged on the fixed snap rings.
Preferably, the front lift liner is an interference fit with the charges.
Preferably, the front lifting bushing and the perforating bullet are coaxially arranged, the outer wall of the front lifting bushing is provided with a groove, and the groove extends along the axis direction of the perforating bullet;
The fixed snap ring is made of elastic metal or memory alloy, a protrusion is arranged at the position of the fixed snap ring at the adjusting hole position, and the protrusion extends into the groove of the front lifting bush.
Preferably, the outer wall of the bullet frame is spirally wound with a detonating cord, the detonating body is provided with a limiting groove, and the detonating cord passes through the limiting groove.
Preferably, the two ends of the spring frame are provided with self-directional bearings which are spherical aligning structures.
The self-directional bearing comprises an outer ring, an inner ring and spherical rollers arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring, an anti-slip coating is arranged on the outer surface of the outer ring, and the inner ring is connected with the end part of the spring frame through a key slot.
Preferably, the elastic frame is provided with annular boss near self-orienting bearing department, and three slot has been seted up to annular boss along its circumference, has seted up three mounting hole on the rifle body, runs through in the mounting hole and is provided with the plug connector, and the plug connector is pegged graft the cooperation with the slot, and rifle body inner wall is located mounting hole department and is provided with the spring, and spring one end is connected with the plug connector, and the spring other end is connected with rifle body inner wall, and plug connector outside one end is provided with the pull ring, and plug connector inboard one end sets up to spherical structure.
Preferably, an adjusting rod is arranged in the adjusting hole site in a penetrating way and is in threaded connection with the gun body, one end of the adjusting rod extends forwards at the center shaft of the lifting bushing, and a plurality of adjusting grooves are formed in the adjusting rod along the length direction of the adjusting rod.
Preferably, the inner side wall of the adjusting hole position of the fixed snap ring is an arc groove recessed towards one side of the bulge.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The front lifting bushing interference fit, the mechanical limit of the clamping hole and the adjustment of the elastic fixing snap ring form a three-level compound fixing system, so that radial clamping force of the perforating bullets is improved, axial shock resistance is enhanced, zero displacement under high vibration working conditions is ensured, a three-level fixing system is formed by combining the front bushing, the rear hole and the fixing snap ring, and the independent and accurate azimuth of each perforating bullet is ensured through mechanical rigid positioning and dynamic adjustment, and the mutual interference of multiple bullets in cooperative operation is avoided. The multidirectional adjusting groove for adjusting the hole position and the tool are used for assisting in expanding and contracting, and can be suitable for various commercial perforating charges with diameter errors of +/-3 mm. The perforating gun mainly comprises a gun body, a bullet frame and a self-directional bearing, and is integrally designed in a simple and stable structure, and all accessories can be freely detached and replaced so as to cope with the maintenance convenience of the damage of the perforating gun under the unexpected situation.
(2) According to the invention, the position of the detonating cord is fixed through the arrangement of the limiting groove, and the limiting groove provides an accurate spiral winding path for the detonating cord, so that the stable spiral distance and winding angle of the detonating cord on the outer wall of the bomb frame are ensured. Effectively preventing the detonating cord from generating axial sliding or radial deflection due to vibration, impact and other factors in the transportation, storage or emission process. The elastic buffer design of the fixed snap ring is that the bulge is made of elastic material, so that the elastic body is prevented from being damaged by hard contact. The cooperation of plug connector and spring and the design of self-orientation bearing pass through space dislocation overall arrangement when being connected through rifle body and bullet frame, and just gentle function subregion, both developments compensate in coordination, promote the reliability under the complicated operating mode, have solved traditional perforating gun rigid connection and have not had the problem of aligning or flexible aligning easily not hard up.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a spring frame according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a part of the spring frame according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial front view of the spring holder of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the front lift bushing of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a rear view schematic of the front lift bushing of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawing indicate 1, a gun body, 2, a bullet rack, 201, a mounting hole, 202, a clamping hole, 203, a fixed clamping ring, 204, an adjusting hole site, 3, a perforating bullet, 4, a front lifting lining, 5, a detonating body, 6, a detonating cord, 7, a self-oriented bearing, 8, a bullet rack detonator bin.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Examples:
Referring to fig. 1-6, a coaxial follow-up perforating gun comprises a gun body 1 and a gun frame 2, wherein a plurality of mounting holes 201 are formed in two sides of the gun frame 2 in a staggered mode, a clamping hole 202 is formed in one side, opposite to the mounting hole 201, of the other side of the gun frame 2, a front lifting lining 4 and a perforating bullet 3 are arranged in the mounting hole 201, the front lifting lining 4 is located between the outer wall of the perforating bullet 3 and the inner wall of the mounting hole 201, a detonation body 5 is arranged at one end of the inner side of the perforating bullet 3, the end portion of the detonation body 5 penetrates through the clamping hole 202 to extend to the outside, and the mounting hole 201 and the clamping hole 202 can be matched and selected according to the size of the perforating bullet 3.
At least two fixing clamping rings 203 are arranged on the outer side of the mounting hole 201 of the spring frame 2, and adjusting hole sites 204 are arranged on the fixing clamping rings 203. And a special fixed clamping ring 203 is designed on the bullet frame 2 for fixing the perforating bullet 3 assembled on the front lifting bushing 4, a screwdriver can be used for inserting the fixed clamping ring 203 into the adjusting hole site 204 to adjust the clamping force, and a tool (such as a screwdriver) is inserted into the adjusting hole site 204 to rotate so as to drive the fixed clamping ring 203 to radially shrink or expand, thereby adjusting the clamping force on the perforating bullet 3.
The fixing clasp 203 is made of elastic metal or memory alloy, and one side of the fixing clasp, which is in contact with the front lifting bush 4, is provided with anti-slip lines or rubber gaskets to enhance the friction fixation of the front lifting bush 4.
The three-stage fixing system is formed by combining the front bushing, the rear hole and the fixing clamp ring 203, and the independent and accurate azimuth of each perforating bullet is ensured through mechanical rigid positioning and dynamic adjustment, so that the mutual interference of the multiple perforating bullets in cooperative operation is avoided. The design breaks through the technical bottleneck of the interference of multiple bullets of the traditional perforating gun, is a core innovation point for realizing efficient, safe and accurate perforation, and is particularly suitable for development of complex well type (such as horizontal well and high-inclination well) and high-value reservoirs.
In the present application, the front lifting liner 4 is in an interference fit with the charges 3. The front lift liner 4 secures the charges 3 by interference fit with the charges 3 and is compatible with most charges 3 on the market.
In the application, the front lifting bushing 4 and the perforating bullet 3 are coaxially arranged, the outer wall of the front lifting bushing 4 is provided with a groove which extends along the axial direction of the perforating bullet 3, the fixing clamp ring 203 is provided with a protrusion at the position of the adjusting hole site 204, the protrusion extends to the outside into the groove of the front lifting bushing 4, the fit clearance between the groove and the protrusion is less than or equal to 0.2mm, and the coaxiality deviation between the front lifting bushing and the perforating bullet is ensured to be less than or equal to 0.5mm. Through the protruding setting, the position of front lift bush 4 is restricted, prevents that front lift bush 4 from taking place the displacement in vibrations or high pressure environment in the pit.
The inner side wall of the adjusting hole 204 of the fixed snap ring 203 is an arc groove recessed towards one side of the bulge, as shown in fig. 4, the recessed curved surface of the arc groove is matched with the shape of the bulge, so that fine adjustment of the circumferential angle of the bulge can be realized through curved surface lamination, the holding force of the fixed snap ring 203 on the front lifting bushing 4 is ensured to be uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the perforating bullet 3, and the axial deviation of the perforating bullet 3 caused by eccentric stress is avoided. The concave structure of the arc groove provides a buffer space for elastic deformation for the fixed snap ring (elastic metal or memory alloy material). When the perforation generates impact force, the radial expansion stress of the snap ring can be absorbed by the inner side wall of the arc-shaped groove, so that the stress concentration caused by rigid contact between the bulge and the edge of the adjusting hole position is avoided, and the service life of the snap ring is prolonged.
In one possible embodiment, the protrusions are made of an elastomeric material that provides cushioning pressure while securing the charges 3, avoiding damage to the front lift liner 4 or charges 3 caused by rigid contact.
According to the application, the detonating cord 6 is spirally wound on the outer wall of the bullet frame 2, the detonating body 5 is provided with the limiting groove, the detonating cord 6 passes through the limiting groove, the position of the detonating cord 6 is fixed through the arrangement of the limiting groove, the limiting groove provides an accurate spiral winding path for the detonating cord 6, and the detonating cord 6 is ensured to keep stable spiral spacing and winding angle on the outer wall of the bullet frame 2. Effectively preventing the detonating cord 6 from axially sliding or radially shifting due to vibration, impact and other factors during transportation, storage or launching. By fixing the relative positions of the detonating cord 6 and the detonation body 5, stable propagation of detonation wave energy along a predetermined path is ensured, and energy loss is avoided.
In the application, self-directional bearings 7 are arranged at two ends of the spring frame 2, the self-directional bearings 7 are of spherical aligning structures, and the eccentric error of a shaft is automatically compensated to be less than or equal to 3 degrees. The axial deviation of the shaft and the bullet rack 2 is corrected in real time through the spherical aligning structure, the stability of the movement track of the bullet is ensured, the self-adaptive deflection characteristic can reduce the local contact stress caused by the eccentricity, prolong the service life of the bearing, automatically adjust in the eccentric range of less than or equal to 3 degrees, avoid the vibration or clamping stagnation of the bullet rack caused by the deformation of the shaft, compensate the assembly error, reduce the dependence on the processing precision of the shaft and improve the tolerance capability of a system. The self-directional bearing 7 comprises an outer ring, an inner ring and spherical rollers arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring, an anti-slip coating is arranged on the outer surface of the outer ring, and the inner ring is connected with the end part of the spring frame 2 through a key slot. And the stability of the bearing is improved through the anti-skid coating and the spherical roller.
The perforating gun mainly comprises three modules of a gun body 1, a bullet frame 2 and a double-end self-directional bearing 7, and is integrally designed in a simple and stable structure, and all accessories can be freely detached and replaced so as to cope with the maintenance convenience of the damage of the perforating gun under the unexpected situation.
In one possible embodiment, the elastic frame 2 is provided with an annular boss near the self-directional bearing 7, three slots are formed in the annular boss along the circumference of the annular boss, three mounting holes are formed in the gun body 1, an inserting piece is arranged in the mounting holes in a penetrating mode, the inserting piece is matched with the slots in an inserting mode, the inner wall of the gun body 1 is provided with a spring at the mounting hole, one end of the spring is connected with the inserting piece, the other end of the spring is connected with the inner wall of the gun body 1, one end of the outer side of the inserting piece is provided with a pull ring, one end of the inner side of the inserting piece is in a spherical structure, and an inserting end of the spherical structure can adapt to small deviation between the annular boss and the mounting holes, so that smoothness of an inserting process is ensured. The manual pulling operation of the plug connector is realized through the pull ring, the quick separation and assembly of the bullet frame and the gun body are convenient, and the plug connector is pushed into the slot through the elastic force of the spring through the arrangement of the spring, so that the quick assembly of the gun body 1 and the bullet frame 2 is realized. Meanwhile, the spring provides continuous radial pressure, so that the connectors are prevented from being accidentally separated in a vibration environment, stress concentration caused by rigid connection is avoided, and three groups of symmetrically distributed connectors act cooperatively to balance the radial load when the spring frame 2 rotates. Wherein the pull ring can adopt flexible material, when rifle body 1 is connected with bullet frame 2, the pull ring can be located the mounting hole, does not occupy rifle body 1 outside position, can be hooked out the pull ring through the instrument when dismantling simultaneously to the pulling plug connector. Through the cooperation of plug connector and spring and the design of self-orientation bearing 7 when rifle body and bullet frame are connected through space dislocation overall arrangement, just gentle function subregion, both developments compensate in coordination, promote the reliability under the complicated operating mode, have solved traditional perforating gun rigid connection and have not had the problem that the aligning or flexible aligning is easy not hard up.
In one possible embodiment, an adjusting rod is arranged in the adjusting hole 204 in a penetrating manner, the adjusting rod is in threaded connection with the gun body 1, one end of the adjusting rod extends towards the axial direction of the center shaft of the front lifting bushing 4, a plurality of adjusting grooves are formed in the length direction of the adjusting rod, the adjusting grooves are uniformly distributed in the length direction and the circumferential direction of the gun body 1, and the inserting piece is inserted into the adjusting grooves to drive the adjusting rod to rotate, so that the adjusting rod pushes the adjusting hole 204 to push towards the side close to the axial center of the front lifting bushing 4, expansion or contraction of the adjusting hole 204 is achieved, and the protruding portion of the adjusting hole 204 is in tight contact with the groove of the front lifting bushing 4. The plurality of adjusting grooves are uniformly distributed in the length direction and the circumferential direction of the gun body 1, so that the inserting sheets can be repeatedly inserted into different adjusting grooves in a small space, and the adjusting rods are repeatedly driven to rotate.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and that the above-described embodiments and descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The coaxial follow-up perforating gun comprises a gun body (1) and a bullet frame (2) and is characterized in that a plurality of mounting holes (201) are formed in two sides of the bullet frame (2) in a staggered mode, clamping holes (202) are formed in one side, opposite to the mounting holes (201), of the other side of the bullet frame (2), a front lifting lining (4) and a perforating bullet (3) are arranged in the mounting holes (201), the front lifting lining (4) is located between the outer wall of the perforating bullet (3) and the inner wall of the mounting holes (201), a detonation body (5) is arranged at one end of the inner side of the perforating bullet (3), and the end portion of the detonation body (5) penetrates through the clamping holes (202) to extend to the outside;
At least two fixed clamping rings (203) are arranged on the outer sides of the mounting holes (201) of the elastic frames (2), and adjusting hole sites (204) are arranged on the fixed clamping rings (203).
2. The coaxial follow-up perforating gun of claim 1, wherein the front lifting lining (4) is coaxially arranged with the perforating bullet (3), the outer wall of the front lifting lining (4) is provided with a groove, and the groove extends along the axis direction of the perforating bullet (3);
The fixed snap ring (203) is made of elastic metal or memory alloy, a protrusion is arranged at the position of the fixed snap ring (203) at the adjusting hole position (204), and the protrusion extends into the groove of the front lifting bushing (4).
3. The coaxial follow-up perforating gun of claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the bullet frame (2) is spirally wound with a detonating cord (6), the detonating body (5) is provided with a limiting groove, and the detonating cord (6) passes through the limiting groove.
4. The coaxial follow-up perforating gun of claim 1, wherein self-orienting bearings (7) are arranged at two ends of the bullet frame (2), and the self-orienting bearings (7) are of spherical aligning structures.
5. The coaxial follow-up perforating gun of claim 4, wherein the self-orienting bearing (7) comprises an outer ring, an inner ring and spherical rollers arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring, an anti-slip coating is arranged on the outer surface of the outer ring, and the inner ring is connected with the end part of the bullet holder (2) through a key groove.
6. The coaxial follow-up perforating gun of claim 4, wherein the elastic frame (2) is provided with an annular boss near the self-directional bearing (7), three slots are formed in the annular boss along the circumference of the annular boss, three mounting holes are formed in the gun body (1), an inserting piece is arranged in the mounting holes in a penetrating mode, the inserting piece is in inserting fit with the slots, a spring is arranged at the position, located in the mounting holes, of the inner wall of the gun body (1), one end of the spring is connected with the inserting piece, the other end of the spring is connected with the inner wall of the gun body (1), a pull ring is arranged at one end, located outside the inserting piece, of the inner side of the inserting piece, and one end, located inside the inserting piece, of the inserting piece is in a spherical structure.
7. The coaxial follow-up perforating gun of claim 1, wherein an adjusting rod is arranged in the adjusting hole position (204) in a penetrating manner, the adjusting rod is in threaded connection with the gun body (1), one end of the adjusting rod extends forward to a center shaft of the lifting bushing (4), and a plurality of adjusting grooves are formed in the adjusting rod along the length direction of the adjusting rod.
8. The coaxial follow-up perforating gun of claim 2, wherein the inner side wall of the adjusting hole site (204) of the fixed clamping ring (203) is an arc-shaped groove recessed towards one side of the bulge.
9. A coaxial follow-up perforating gun as claimed in claim 1, wherein the front lifting sleeve (4) is in interference fit with the perforating charges (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202510716002.9A CN120211699B (en) | 2025-05-30 | 2025-05-30 | Coaxial along with advancing perforating gun |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202510716002.9A CN120211699B (en) | 2025-05-30 | 2025-05-30 | Coaxial along with advancing perforating gun |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN120211699A true CN120211699A (en) | 2025-06-27 |
| CN120211699B CN120211699B (en) | 2025-09-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202510716002.9A Active CN120211699B (en) | 2025-05-30 | 2025-05-30 | Coaxial along with advancing perforating gun |
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