CN120084136B - High-efficiency reduction furnace for smelting and treating solid waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of reduction furnaces, in particular to a high-efficiency reduction furnace for smelting and treating solid wastes, which comprises a mounting base, wherein a reduction furnace body is arranged on the mounting base, a solid waste conveying mechanism for feeding is arranged on the mounting base, a high-temperature reduction mechanism for improving the reducing atmosphere is arranged in the reduction furnace body, an exhaust end of the reduction furnace body is provided with an exhaust gas purification mechanism, the high-temperature reduction mechanism comprises a material distribution circular rail detachably arranged in the reduction furnace body, a plurality of horizontal pipelines are arranged on the outer side of the material distribution circular rail in an array manner along the circumferential direction, and the horizontal pipelines extend out of the reduction furnace body. According to the invention, by arranging the high-temperature reduction mechanism, the pulverized coal can uniformly drop downwards in an annular form by utilizing the mutual matching between the material distribution circular rail and the material blowing circular pipe, and compared with the mode of directly adding anthracite into a hearth in the prior art, the contact rate between the pulverized coal and solid waste can be effectively improved, so that the direct yield of metal is improved.

Description

High-efficiency reduction furnace for smelting and treating solid waste

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of reduction furnaces, in particular to a high-efficiency reduction furnace for smelting and treating solid wastes.

Background

In order to recycle and reuse the metal materials remained in the solid waste, people usually utilize a reduction furnace to carry out high-temperature smelting on the solid waste in the solid waste treatment process, and during smelting, fuel can be combusted in the reduction furnace to create a high-temperature environment to carry out high-temperature heating on the solid waste, and then a reducing agent is introduced to carry out chemical reaction with metal oxide, so that the metal is reduced from the compound.

However, in the prior art, the reducing furnace has single function and weaker reducing atmosphere in the hearth, and when smelting solid waste at high temperature, in order to enhance the reducing atmosphere in the hearth as much as possible and improve the metal yield, workers usually put anthracite into the hearth, so that the reducing atmosphere in the hearth can be improved to a certain extent, but sufficient contact between the anthracite and the solid waste cannot be ensured, and the effect is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the high-efficiency reducing furnace for smelting and treating the solid waste, solves the technical problems of weaker reducing atmosphere in a hearth of the reducing furnace and lower metal direct yield in the smelting process in the prior art, and has the advantages of improving the contact rate between pulverized coal and the solid waste and effectively improving the metal direct yield.

In order to solve the technical problems, the high-efficiency reduction furnace for smelting and treating the solid wastes comprises a mounting base, wherein a reduction furnace body is arranged on the mounting base, a solid waste conveying mechanism for feeding is arranged on the mounting base, a high-temperature reduction mechanism for improving the reducing atmosphere is arranged in the reduction furnace body, a pulverized coal adding mechanism is arranged above the reduction furnace body, an exhaust end of the reduction furnace body is provided with an exhaust gas purifying mechanism, after the solid wastes enter the interior of the reduction furnace body under the action of the solid waste conveying mechanism, high-temperature smelting can be automatically carried out, in the smelting process, the high-temperature reduction mechanism and the pulverized coal adding mechanism can add reducing gas and pulverized coal into the interior of the reduction furnace body, so that metal is reduced from oxide, the high-temperature reduction mechanism comprises a distribution circular rail detachably arranged in the reduction furnace body, a plurality of horizontal pipelines are arranged on the outer side of the distribution circular rail in an array mode along the circumferential direction, the distribution circular rail is internally provided with a distribution cavity, the distribution cavity and the horizontal pipelines extend to the reduction furnace body, the horizontal pipelines are fixedly connected to the side of the reduction furnace body through the air inlet funnel, the inlet circular pipe is fixedly connected with the exhaust funnel, and the inlet circular pipe is fixedly connected to the inlet circular pipe, and the inlet circular pipe is fixedly connected to the inlet funnel is arranged at the side of the reduction furnace body, and the inlet circular pipe is fixedly connected to the inlet funnel is fixedly arranged, and the inlet circular pipe is fixedly and the inlet pipe is arranged at the inlet end of the inlet funnel, and the inlet pipe is fixedly, and the inlet pipe, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe and the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe.

Preferably, the exhaust disc is located the top of dividing the round rail, and clean arc groove has been seted up to the upper end of dividing the round rail, and when reducing gas was discharged downwards through admission line and exhaust disc, a portion of reducing gas can get into the inside of dividing the material cavity through clean arc groove to blow the clearance to dividing the round rail.

Preferably, the connecting air tap is communicated with the air tank filled with the reducing gas, the number of the discharging vertical pipes is matched with the number of the receiving hopper, the reducing air flow in the blowing circular pipe is always in a rapid flowing state, and the pulverized coal can enter the receiving hopper after falling through the discharging vertical pipes.

Preferably, the solid waste conveying mechanism comprises a mounting bracket fixedly mounted on a mounting base, a first conveying cylinder is movably mounted on the mounting bracket, a second conveying cylinder is movably mounted on the inner side wall of the reducing furnace body, a conveying belt is arranged between the first conveying cylinder and the second conveying cylinder, a conveying motor for driving the first conveying cylinder is arranged on the mounting bracket, a fuel filling component is arranged in the reducing furnace body, a temperature measuring component is arranged at the upper end of the reducing furnace body, solid waste can be automatically conveyed into the reducing furnace body when the first conveying cylinder rotates, and then the solid waste can be smelted at a high temperature in the reducing furnace body.

Preferably, the fuel filling assembly comprises a spraying standpipe coaxially arranged with the reducing furnace body, a plurality of spraying round holes are formed in the surface of the spraying standpipe at equal intervals, a fuel pipeline is communicated with the lower end of the spraying standpipe, the fuel pipeline extends to the lower side of the mounting base, and during smelting, fuel can enter the spraying standpipe through the fuel pipeline and is sprayed into the hearth through the plurality of spraying round holes.

Preferably, the fine coal adding mechanism comprises an operation frame, a grinding round tank is fixedly installed on the operation frame, a coal adding funnel is arranged at the upper end of the grinding round tank, a rotary round shaft is movably installed in the grinding round tank, a driving motor used for driving the rotary round shaft is fixedly installed at the lower end of the grinding round tank, a scraping inclined plate and a grinding assembly are sequentially arranged outside the rotary round shaft from bottom to top, a filter screen is detachably installed in the grinding round tank, the filter screen is located between the scraping inclined plate and the grinding assembly, and when the rotary round shaft rotates, the grinding assembly carries out secondary grinding on fine coal, so that fine coal becomes finer, and large particles in fine coal are prevented from being present to cause blockage on the material adding funnel.

Preferably, the upper end of row material standpipe is put through with the inside of grinding round jar, scrapes the contact of material swash plate and the lateral wall of grinding round jar bottom, scrapes the material swash plate and follows rotatory circle axle pivoted in-process, can make finely divided fine coal get into the inside of row material standpipe.

Preferably, the grinding assembly comprises two groups of grinding convex blocks which are arranged in a staggered mode, a blanking gap is arranged between the grinding convex blocks and the inner wall of the grinding round tank, and after pulverized coal enters the grinding round tank, the pulverized coal can drop downwards through the blanking gap.

Preferably, the waste gas purifying mechanism comprises a waste discharge pipeline fixedly arranged at the upper end of the reducing furnace body, a clean gas cylinder is coaxially arranged on the waste discharge pipeline, an installation component is arranged in the clean gas cylinder, an activated carbon block and a ceramic cooling disc are arranged on the installation component, a suction component is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the clean gas cylinder, and when the suction component is electrified and operated, gas in the reducing furnace body can be discharged outwards through the waste discharge pipeline and the clean gas cylinder.

Preferably, the installation component is including detachable mounting at the inside installation disc of net gas drum, and coaxial fixed mounting has fixed round bar on the installation disc, and fixed round bar passes ceramic cooling disc and active carbon piece in proper order, and when the staff outwards took out the installation disc, can pull out active carbon piece and ceramic cooling disc together to reach the effect of being convenient for change.

By means of the technical scheme, the invention provides the efficient reduction furnace for smelting and treating the solid waste, which has the following beneficial effects:

1. According to the invention, by arranging the high-temperature reduction mechanism, the pulverized coal can uniformly drop downwards in an annular form by utilizing the mutual matching between the material distribution circular rail and the material blowing circular pipe, and compared with the mode of directly adding anthracite into a hearth in the prior art, the contact rate between the pulverized coal and solid waste can be effectively improved, so that the direct yield of metal is improved.

2. According to the invention, by arranging the high-temperature reduction mechanism, by utilizing the mutual matching between the material distribution circular rail and the fuel filling assembly, in the process that the pulverized coal falls downwards in a circular shape, the liquid fuel can be uniformly sprayed out from the plurality of material spraying circular holes to be fully contacted with the pulverized coal, so that the pulverized coal is ensured to be ignited within a short time after entering a hearth, and the smelting efficiency can be effectively improved.

3. According to the invention, the high-temperature reduction mechanism is arranged, and the exhaust disc and the material distribution circular rail are matched with each other, so that part of reducing gas exhausted from the exhaust disc can enter the material distribution cavity through the cleaning arc groove, and therefore, the converged pulverized coal can fall down rapidly and can be prevented from being blocked due to adhesion of the pulverized coal in the material distribution cavity.

4. According to the invention, by arranging the pulverized coal adding mechanism, the pulverized coal can be automatically ground in the process of automatically throwing the pulverized coal by utilizing the mutual matching between the grinding component and the rotary circular shaft, so that the blockage of the discharge vertical pipe and the horizontal pipe caused by the existence of larger particles in the pulverized coal is avoided, and the contact uniformity between the pulverized coal and the solid waste is ensured.

5. According to the invention, by arranging the pulverized coal adding mechanism, pulverized coal can be uniformly put into the plurality of discharge vertical pipes at one time by utilizing the mutual matching between the scraping inclined plate and the rotary circular shaft, so that the quality similarity of multiple strands of pulverized coal is ensured.

6. According to the invention, by arranging the solid waste conveying mechanism and utilizing the mutual matching between the conveying belt and the fuel filling assembly, not only can the solid waste be automatically fed, but also the liquid fuel can be uniformly sprayed into the reducing furnace body, and the uniformity of the distribution of the fuel among the solid waste can be effectively improved, so that the smelting efficiency is improved.

7. According to the invention, by arranging the waste gas purifying mechanism and utilizing the mutual coordination between the ceramic cooling disc and the activated carbon block, not only can the harmful components in the smelting waste gas be adsorbed and removed, but also the smelting waste gas can be subjected to heat dissipation and temperature reduction, and the influence on the surrounding environment after the waste gas is discharged can be reduced to a great extent.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a second perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a solid waste conveying mechanism in the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a distribution circular rail according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a cleaning arc chute according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the exhaust disk according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the pulverized coal adding mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a scraping inclined plate in the invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of an exhaust gas purifying mechanism in the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a mounting base, 2, a reducing furnace body, 3, a solid waste conveying mechanism, 301, a mounting bracket, 302, a first conveying cylinder, 303, a second conveying cylinder, 304, a conveying belt, 305, a conveying motor, 306, a fuel filling component, 307, a temperature measuring component, 4, a high-temperature reducing mechanism, 401, a material separating circular rail, 402, a horizontal pipeline, 403, a material separating cavity, 404, a blowing circular pipe, 405, a material receiving hopper, 406, a connecting air tap, 407, an air inlet pipeline, 408, an exhaust circular disk, 409, a material discharging vertical pipe, 410, a cleaning arc groove, 5, a pulverized coal adding mechanism, 501, an operating frame, 502, a grinding circular tank, 503, a coal adding hopper, 504, a rotary circular shaft, 505, a driving motor, 506, a scraping inclined plate, 507, a grinding component, 508, a filtering screen, 6, an exhaust gas purifying mechanism, 601, a waste discharging pipeline, 602, a clean air cylinder, 603, a mounting component, 604, an active carbon block, 605, a ceramic cooling disk, 606 and a suction component are arranged.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Example 1

In the prior art, the reducing furnace has single function and weaker reducing atmosphere in the hearth, and when smelting solid waste at high temperature, in order to enhance the reducing atmosphere in the hearth as much as possible and improve the metal yield, workers usually put anthracite into the hearth, so that the reducing atmosphere in the hearth can be improved to a certain extent, but the anthracite and the solid waste cannot be fully contacted, and the effect is poor. In order to solve the technical defect existing in the prior art, as shown in fig. 1-10, the embodiment provides a high-efficiency reducing furnace for smelting and processing solid waste, which can effectively improve the contact rate between pulverized coal and the solid waste, thereby improving the direct yield of metal, wherein a reducing furnace body 2 is arranged on a reducing furnace mounting base 1, a solid waste conveying mechanism 3 for feeding is arranged on the mounting base 1, a high-temperature reducing mechanism 4 for improving the reducing atmosphere is arranged in the reducing furnace body 2, a pulverized coal adding mechanism 5 is arranged above the reducing furnace body 2, an exhaust end of the reducing furnace body 2 is provided with an exhaust gas purifying mechanism 6, the solid waste can be automatically smelted at a high temperature after entering the inside of the reducing furnace body 2 under the action of the solid waste conveying mechanism 3, and in the smelting process, the high-temperature reducing mechanism 4 and the pulverized coal adding mechanism 5 can add reducing gas and pulverized coal into the inside of the reducing furnace body 2, thereby reducing the metal from oxide.

In order to improve the uniformity of pulverized coal addition as much as possible and ensure the metal yield, the embodiment is provided with a high-temperature reduction mechanism 4, specifically, the high-temperature reduction mechanism 4 comprises a material distribution circular rail 401 which is detachably arranged in a reduction furnace body 2, a plurality of horizontal pipelines 402 are arranged on the outer side of the material distribution circular rail 401 along the circumferential direction in an array manner, the horizontal pipelines 402 extend out of the reduction furnace body 2, a material distribution cavity 403 is arranged in the material distribution circular rail 401, the material distribution cavity 403 is communicated with the horizontal pipelines 402, a blowing circular pipe 404 is fixedly arranged at one end of the horizontal pipelines 402 extending out of the reduction furnace body 2, a material receiving funnel 405 is arranged on the blowing circular pipe 404, a connecting air tap 406 is arranged on the side surface of the blowing circular pipe 404, the upper end of the reduction furnace body 2 is communicated with an air inlet pipeline 407, an exhaust disc 408 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the air inlet pipeline 407, the exhaust disc 408 is positioned above the material distribution circular rail 401, when the upper end of the material distributing circular rail 401 is provided with the cleaning arc groove 410, reducing gas is discharged downwards through the air inlet pipeline 407 and the air outlet disc 408, a part of reducing gas can enter the inside of the material distributing cavity 403 through the cleaning arc groove 410, so that the material distributing circular rail 401 is blown and cleaned, the material discharging vertical pipe 409 is arranged above the material receiving funnel 405, after the pulverized coal enters the inside of the material receiving funnel 405 through the material discharging vertical pipe 409, the pulverized coal can quickly enter the inside of the horizontal pipeline 402 under the pushing of air flow, and uniformly and downwards falls through the material distributing circular rail 401, the connecting air tap 406 is communicated with the air tank filled with the reducing gas, the quantity of the material discharging vertical pipes 409 is matched with the quantity of the material receiving funnels 405, the reducing air flow inside the material blowing circular pipe 404 can always be in a quick flowing state, and the pulverized coal can enter the inside of the material receiving funnels 405 after falling through the material discharging vertical pipes 409.

As can be seen from the above, during the pyrometallurgical process, a part of the reducing gas (about seventy-five percent of the total reducing gas) enters the reducing furnace body 2 from the gas inlet pipe 407, and another part of the reducing gas (about twenty-five percent of the total reducing gas) enters the blowing pipe 404 through the connecting gas nipple 406, and then enters the reducing furnace body 2 through the horizontal pipe 402.

Meanwhile, the pulverized coal processed by the pulverized coal adding means 5 falls into the receiving hopper 405 through the discharge standpipe 409, and then the pulverized coal in the receiving hopper 405 enters the blowing round tube 404 and rapidly enters the horizontal tube 402 under the blowing of the reducing air flow.

Subsequently, as shown in fig. 5, the pulverized coal can horizontally enter the inside of the material distributing cavity 403 through the horizontal pipeline 402, after the inside of the material distributing cavity 403 is converged, a plurality of pulverized coals can drop downwards in a circular ring shape, so that the uniformity of contact between the pulverized coal and solid waste can be effectively improved, and in addition, in the process that the pulverized coal drops downwards in the circular ring shape, liquid fuel sprayed from a plurality of material spraying round holes can be fully contacted with the pulverized coal, so that the pulverized coal can be quickly ignited after entering a hearth.

In addition, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the reducing gas entering the furnace through the air inlet pipe 407 is sprayed downwards through a plurality of air exhaust holes on the air exhaust disc 408, and then a part of gas enters the inside of the material separating cavity 403 through the cleaning arc groove 410, so that the converged pulverized coal can fall down quickly, and the pulverized coal is prevented from being blocked due to adhesion in the inside of the material separating cavity 403.

In addition, the embodiment can effectively improve the contact rate between the pulverized coal and solid waste by the mutual matching between the exhaust disc 408 and the distribution circular rail 401, so that a part of reducing gas discharged from the exhaust disc 408 can enter the inside of the distribution cavity 403 through the cleaning arc groove 410 and can be quickly dropped downwards after the pulverized coal is adhered to the inside of the distribution cavity 403 to cause blockage of the pulverized coal by arranging the high-temperature reduction mechanism 4, and the liquid fuel can be uniformly sprayed from a plurality of injection circular holes to be fully contacted with the pulverized coal in the process of dropping in the circular shape, thereby ensuring that the pulverized coal can be ignited within a short time after entering the hearth, and effectively improving the smelting efficiency.

Example two

In order to avoid inside great granule that exists of fine coal and cause the jam to row material standpipe 409 and horizontal pipeline 402, on embodiment one's basis, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 8 and fig. 9, this embodiment has set up fine coal adding mechanism 5, concrete, fine coal adding mechanism 5 includes operation frame 501, fixed mounting has the grinding jar 502 on the operation frame 501, row material standpipe 409's upper end and the inside switch-on of grinding jar 502, scrape material swash plate 506 and the lateral wall contact of grinding jar 502 bottom, scrape material swash plate 506 and follow rotatory round axle 504 pivoted in-process, can make fine coal get into row material standpipe 409's inside, the upper end of grinding jar 502 is provided with the coal hopper 503, the inside movable mounting of grinding jar 502 has rotatory round axle 504, the lower extreme fixed mounting of grinding jar 502 has the driving motor 505 that is used for driving rotatory round axle 504, the outside of rotatory round axle 504 is from down upwards setting up grinding subassembly 506 and 507 in proper order, grinding subassembly 507 comprises the grinding lug of two sets up, grind clearance 508 is equipped with the inside of grinding lug that the grinding lug and grinding jar 502, grind the inside clearance 508 that is equipped with the fine coal and the grinding lug and the blanking jar 502 gets into, can cause the grinding granule to detach more in the clearance when the fine coal is located the inside of grinding jar 502, can be more big filter granule is removed to the filter granule that the filter screen cloth is more in the clearance, the clearance is more in the time of grinding the grinding round jar 502 to the inside clearance.

As can be seen from the above description, during the pyrometallurgical process, the worker can pour the pulverized coal into the coal hopper 503, and then the pulverized coal falls down along the falling gap, and at the same time, the rotary shaft 504 rotates at a constant speed under the action of the driving motor 505, and the scraping inclined plate 506 and the grinding bump synchronously rotate when the rotary shaft 504 rotates.

When grinding the lug and rotating, can carry out the secondary to the fine coal in the blanking clearance to prevent to exist great granule in the fine coal and lead to the fact the jam to row's material standpipe 409, next, the fine coal through grinding processing can drop the bottom of grinding round jar 502 through filter screen 508.

Meanwhile, the scraping inclined plate 506 continuously pushes the pulverized coal located at the bottom of the grinding round pot 502 to the inside of the discharge standpipe 409, so that the pulverized coal is uniformly thrown into the plurality of receiving hoppers 405.

According to the embodiment, by arranging the pulverized coal adding mechanism 5, the grinding assembly 507 and the rotary circular shaft 504 are matched with each other, so that pulverized coal can be automatically ground in the process of automatically feeding the pulverized coal, the blockage of the discharge vertical pipe 409 and the horizontal pipeline 402 caused by the existence of larger particles in the pulverized coal is avoided, and the contact uniformity between the pulverized coal and solid waste is ensured; moreover, this embodiment utilizes the cooperation between scraping inclined plate 506 and rotary circular shaft 504 through setting up fine coal adding mechanism 5, can once only evenly throw in fine coal to the inside of a plurality of row material risers 409 to guarantee the quality similarity of stranded fine coal.

Example III

In order to improve the efficiency of smelting and processing the solid waste as much as possible and reduce the labor capacity of workers, as shown in fig. 1-4, the embodiment sets up the solid waste conveying mechanism 3 on the basis of the above embodiment, and in particular, the solid waste conveying mechanism 3 comprises a mounting bracket 301 fixedly mounted on a mounting base 1, a first conveying cylinder 302 is movably mounted on the mounting bracket 301, a second conveying cylinder 303 is movably mounted on the inner side wall of a reducing furnace body 2, a conveying belt 304 is arranged between the first conveying cylinder 302 and the second conveying cylinder 303, a conveying motor 305 for driving the first conveying cylinder 302 is arranged on the mounting bracket 301, a fuel filling component 306 is arranged in the reducing furnace body 2, the fuel filling component 306 comprises a spraying standpipe coaxially arranged with the reducing furnace body 2, a plurality of spraying round holes are formed in the surface of the spraying standpipe at equal intervals, the lower end of the spraying standpipe is communicated with a fuel pipeline, the fuel pipeline extends to the lower side of the mounting base 1, when the smelting standpipe enters the inside of the spraying standpipe through the fuel pipeline, and is automatically sprayed into a hearth through the plurality of spraying round holes, the first conveying cylinder 302 and the solid waste is automatically conveyed to the inside the reducing furnace body 2 when the hearth is rotated, and the solid waste is automatically conveyed to the hearth 2, and the waste is reduced, and the waste is conveyed to the inside the hearth 2 when the solid waste is automatically and the hearth is conveyed to the hearth 2.

As can be seen from the above description, during the smelting process of the solid waste, the first feeding cylinder 302 rotates at a constant speed under the action of the feeding motor 305, and the first feeding cylinder 302 rotates to enable the solid waste to enter the reducing furnace body 2 under the action of the conveying belt 304, so as to automatically feed the solid waste.

Moreover, the inside sliding connection of reducing furnace body 2 lateral wall has the closure baffle, and in the feeding process, the closure baffle can upwards move the inside of lateral wall, and after the feeding was accomplished, the closure baffle can automatic downwardly moving shelter from the feed inlet.

Then, the liquid fuel in the fuel pipeline firstly enters the interior of the injection standpipe, and then is evenly injected into the hearth through a plurality of injection round holes, so that the solid waste in the hearth is smelted at high temperature, and the metal in the waste exists in the form of oxide.

In this embodiment, by setting the solid waste conveying mechanism 3, the conveying belt 304 and the fuel filling assembly 306 are matched with each other, so that the solid waste can be automatically fed, and the liquid fuel can be uniformly sprayed into the reducing furnace body 2, so that the uniformity of fuel distribution among the solid waste can be effectively improved, and the smelting efficiency is improved.

Example IV

In order to prevent the pollution to the surrounding environment caused by the direct exhaust of the exhaust gas generated in the smelting process, as shown in fig. 4 and 10, the embodiment is provided with an exhaust gas purifying mechanism 6, specifically, the exhaust gas purifying mechanism 6 comprises an exhaust pipe 601 fixedly installed at the upper end of the reduction furnace body 2, a clean gas cylinder 602 is coaxially arranged on the exhaust pipe 601, a mounting component 603 is arranged in the clean gas cylinder 602, the mounting component 603 comprises a mounting disc detachably installed in the clean gas cylinder 602, a fixed round rod is coaxially and fixedly installed on the mounting disc, the fixed round rod sequentially passes through a ceramic cooling disc 605 and an activated carbon block 604, when a worker pulls out the mounting disc outwards, the activated carbon block 604 and the ceramic cooling disc 605 together, thereby achieving the effect of convenient replacement, the mounting component 603 is provided with the activated carbon block 604 and the ceramic cooling disc 605, a suction component 606 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the clean gas cylinder 602, and when the suction component 606 is electrified and operated, the gas in the reduction furnace body 2 is discharged outwards through the exhaust gas pipe 601 and the clean gas cylinder 602.

As can be seen from the above, after the pyrometallurgy is completed, the suction assembly 606 automatically draws the exhaust gas from the interior of the reduction furnace body 2 through the exhaust pipe 601, so that the exhaust gas enters the interior of the clean gas cylinder 602 through the exhaust pipe 601.

Next, the activated carbon block 604 adsorbs and removes harmful components such as sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas, and the ceramic cooling disc 605 can radiate and cool the exhaust gas with high temperature, thereby preventing the exhaust gas from affecting the surrounding environment after being discharged.

In this embodiment, by setting the exhaust gas purifying mechanism 6, by using the mutual cooperation between the ceramic cooling disc 605 and the activated carbon block 604, not only the harmful components in the smelting exhaust gas can be adsorbed and removed, but also the smelting exhaust gas can be cooled by heat dissipation, and the influence on the surrounding environment caused by exhaust gas discharge can be reduced to a great extent.

The control mode of the invention is automatically controlled by the controller, the control circuit of the controller can be realized by simple programming of a person skilled in the art, the supply of power also belongs to common knowledge in the art, and the invention is mainly used for protecting a mechanical device, so the invention does not explain the control mode and circuit connection in detail.

It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (9)

1. The efficient reducing furnace for smelting and treating the solid waste comprises a mounting base (1), wherein a reducing furnace body (2) is arranged on the mounting base (1), and is characterized in that a solid waste conveying mechanism (3) for feeding is arranged on the mounting base (1), a high-temperature reducing mechanism (4) for improving the reducing atmosphere is arranged in the reducing furnace body (2), a pulverized coal adding mechanism (5) is arranged above the reducing furnace body (2), and an exhaust end of the reducing furnace body (2) is provided with an exhaust gas purifying mechanism (6);

The high-temperature reduction mechanism (4) comprises a material distribution circular rail (401) which is detachably arranged in the reduction furnace body (2), a plurality of horizontal pipelines (402) are arranged on the outer side of the material distribution circular rail (401) along the circumferential direction in an array manner, the horizontal pipelines (402) extend out of the reduction furnace body (2), a material distribution cavity (403) is formed in the material distribution circular rail (401), the material distribution cavity (403) is communicated with the horizontal pipelines (402), a blowing circular pipe (404) is fixedly arranged at one end of the horizontal pipelines (402) extending out of the reduction furnace body (2), a material receiving funnel (405) is arranged on the blowing circular pipe (404), a connecting air tap (406) is arranged on the side surface of the blowing circular pipe (404), an air inlet pipeline (407) is communicated with the upper end of the reduction furnace body (2), an air exhaust disc (408) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the air inlet pipeline (407), and a material discharging vertical pipe (409) is arranged above the material receiving funnel (405).

The exhaust disc (408) is located above the material distributing circular rail (401), a cleaning arc groove (410) is formed in the upper end of the material distributing circular rail (401), and when the reducing gas is discharged downwards through the air inlet pipeline (407) and the exhaust disc (408), a part of reducing gas enters the inside of the material distributing cavity (403) through the cleaning arc groove (410), so that the material distributing circular rail (401) is cleaned by blowing.

2. The efficient reducing furnace for smelting and treating solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the connecting air tap (406) is communicated with a gas tank filled with reducing gas, and the number of the discharging vertical pipes (409) is matched with the number of the receiving hoppers (405).

3. The efficient reduction furnace for smelting and treating solid wastes, as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the solid waste conveying mechanism (3) comprises a mounting bracket (301) fixedly mounted on a mounting base (1), a first conveying cylinder (302) is movably mounted on the mounting bracket (301), a second conveying cylinder (303) is movably mounted on the inner side wall of the reduction furnace body (2), a conveying belt (304) is arranged between the first conveying cylinder (302) and the second conveying cylinder (303), a conveying motor (305) for driving the first conveying cylinder (302) is arranged on the mounting bracket (301), a fuel filling component (306) is arranged in the reduction furnace body (2), and a temperature measuring component (307) is arranged at the upper end of the reduction furnace body (2).

4. The efficient reducing furnace for smelting and treating solid waste according to claim 3, wherein the fuel filling assembly (306) comprises a spraying vertical pipe which is coaxially arranged with the reducing furnace body (2), a plurality of spraying round holes are formed in the surface of the spraying vertical pipe at equal intervals, a fuel pipeline is communicated with the lower end of the spraying vertical pipe, and the fuel pipeline extends to the lower side of the installation base (1).

5. The efficient reduction furnace for smelting and treating solid wastes, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the pulverized coal adding mechanism (5) comprises an operation frame (501), a grinding round tank (502) is fixedly installed on the operation frame (501), a coal adding funnel (503) is arranged at the upper end of the grinding round tank (502), a rotary round shaft (504) is movably installed inside the grinding round tank (502), a driving motor (505) for driving the rotary round shaft (504) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the grinding round tank (502), a scraping inclined plate (506) and a grinding assembly (507) are sequentially arranged outside the rotary round shaft (504) from bottom to top, a filtering screen (508) is detachably installed inside the grinding round tank (502), and the filtering screen (508) is located between the scraping inclined plate (506) and the grinding assembly (507).

6. The efficient reducing furnace for smelting and treating solid wastes according to claim 5, wherein the upper end of the discharge standpipe (409) is communicated with the interior of the grinding round tank (502), and the scraping inclined plate (506) is in contact with the side wall of the bottom of the grinding round tank (502).

7. The efficient reducing furnace for smelting and treating solid wastes according to claim 5, wherein the grinding assembly (507) is composed of two groups of grinding convex blocks which are arranged in a staggered manner, and blanking gaps are arranged between the grinding convex blocks and the inner wall of the grinding round tank (502).

8. The efficient reduction furnace for smelting and treating solid wastes according to claim 1, wherein the waste gas purifying mechanism (6) comprises a waste discharge pipeline (601) fixedly arranged at the upper end of the reduction furnace body (2), a clean gas cylinder (602) is coaxially arranged on the waste discharge pipeline (601), a mounting component (603) is arranged in the clean gas cylinder (602), an activated carbon block (604) and a ceramic cooling disc (605) are arranged on the mounting component (603), and a suction component (606) is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the clean gas cylinder (602).

9. The efficient reducing furnace for smelting and treating solid wastes according to claim 8, wherein the mounting assembly (603) comprises a mounting disc detachably mounted inside the clean air cylinder (602), and a fixed round rod is coaxially and fixedly mounted on the mounting disc and sequentially penetrates through the ceramic cooling disc (605) and the activated carbon block (604).