CN120056536A

CN120056536A - Laminated glass and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN120056536A
Application number: CN202510229661.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何长龙; 杨金城; 蔡峰
Original assignee: Fuyao Glass Industry Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Fuyao Glass Industry Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2025-02-28
Filing date: 2025-02-28
Publication date: 2025-05-30

Abstract

The embodiments of the present application provide a laminated glass and a vehicle, which can improve the transparency of the functional display area of the laminated glass and enhance the visibility of the driver and passengers outside the vehicle. The laminated glass includes a glass substrate and a functional reflective layer, the functional reflective layer is arranged on the inner surface of the glass substrate, and the functional reflective layer is used to reflect the projection light; the laminated glass includes a viewing area, a functional display area and a shielding area, the functional display area includes at least one semi-transparent display area located between the viewing area and the shielding area, the total visible light transmittance of the semi-transparent display area is less than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the viewing area, and greater than the total visible light transmittance of the shielding area, and the semi-transparent display area is at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer; the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the part of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer is ≥10%; the ratio TT ₁₂ of the main image transmittance TL ₁ and the secondary image transmittance TL ₂ of the part of the semi-transparent display area covered by the functional reflective layer is ≥15.

Description

Laminated glass and vehicle

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to laminated glass and a vehicle.

Background

With the development of technologies such as vehicle intellectualization, automation, networking and the like, vehicles can adopt forms such as Head Up Display (HUD), augmented reality Head Up Display (Augmented REALITY HEAD-Up Display, ARHUD), instrument panels, central control screens, copilot Display screens and the like, and various information such as vehicle information, road information, advanced driving assistance systems (ADVANCED DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEM, ADAS), social media information and the like are displayed in ink shielding areas at glass edges so as to provide drivers and passengers with multi-form, far-near and multi-level Display requirements, so that more comfortable, safe and intelligent experience and rich information are brought for the drivers and the Head Up Display glass for projection Display in the glass edge shielding areas can be called black Display glass.

The black display area of the black display glass is generally located between the instrument desk surface of the vehicle and the transparent visual field area of the black display glass, and compared with the display content of the traditional instrument panel, the visual line of a driver can leave the road surface less, so that the driving safety is greatly improved. Currently, opaque black ink ceramic layers are typically used to form the black edge display region of the black edge display glass to enhance the clarity of the display on the black edge display glass as perceived by the human eye, which prevents the black edge display region from entering the field of view B of the transparent field of view region in the black edge display glass. In addition, in the driving process, the human eye vision is mainly concentrated in the driving visual field, and the black display area needs to be as close to the driving visual field as possible, so that the visibility and the attention frequency of the display information can be improved. Therefore, a black display area is generally provided at the lower boundary of the adjacent field of view B area to improve the visibility of the display information and the frequency of attention of the driver to the display information. However, the black-sided display area has an opaque vertical field of view with little light permeability.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides laminated glass and a vehicle, which can improve the permeability of a functional display area of the laminated glass, improve the visibility of a driver to the outside of the vehicle and improve the driving experience of the driver.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a laminated glass for use in a vehicle. The laminated glass comprises a glass substrate and a functional reflecting layer, wherein the glass substrate comprises an outer sheet glass, an inner sheet glass and an intermediate layer, the outer sheet glass and the inner sheet glass are arranged at intervals and opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the glass substrate, the intermediate layer is positioned between the outer sheet glass and the inner sheet glass, the glass substrate comprises an inner surface, the functional reflecting layer is arranged on the inner surface and is used for reflecting projection light, the laminated glass comprises a visual field area, a functional display area and a shielding area, the functional display area comprises at least one semitransparent display area positioned between the visual field area and the shielding area, the total visible light transmittance of the semitransparent display area is smaller than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the visual field area and is larger than the total visible light transmittance of the shielding area, the semitransparent display area is at least partially covered by the functional reflecting layer, the principal image transmittance TL ₁% of the semitransparent display area, and the principal image transmittance TL of the semitransparent display area, which is covered by the functional reflecting layer, are 35% or more than or equal to 35% of the principal image transmittance of the semitransparent display area, and 3535% or more.

Wherein the transmission TL ₁ of the main image of the part of the semitransparent display area covered by the functional reflecting layer is more than or equal to 20 percent or TL ₁ is more than or equal to 30 percent.

Wherein the ratio TT ₁₂ of the main image transmittance TL ₁ and the sub image transmittance TL ₂ of the part of the semitransparent display area covered by the functional reflecting layer is more than or equal to 20.

The functional reflection layer has an S-polarized light reflectivity R _S for S-polarized light, the functional reflection layer has a P-polarized light reflectivity R _p for P-polarized light, the P-polarized light reflectivity R _P is smaller than the S-polarized light reflectivity R _S, and the ratio K of the S-polarized light reflectivity R _S to the P-polarized light reflectivity R _P is more than or equal to 1.5.

When the projection light rays are incident on the functional reflecting layer at an incident angle of 70 degrees, the S-polarized light reflectivity R _S is more than or equal to 40 percent, the P-polarized light reflectivity R _P is less than or equal to 40 percent, or the P-polarized light reflectivity R _P is less than or equal to 30 percent, or the P-polarized light reflectivity R _P is less than or equal to 20 percent, or the P-polarized light reflectivity R _P is less than or equal to 10 percent.

Wherein the refractive index n of the functional reflecting layer is more than or equal to 1.7.

Wherein the functional reflecting layer is a sol-gel coating.

The material of the functional reflecting layer comprises at least one of silicon nitride, silicon-metal-mixed nitride, aluminum nitride, gallium nitride, titanium nitride, tin oxide, manganese oxide, tungsten oxide, niobium oxide, bismuth oxide, titanium oxide, tin-zinc-mixed oxide, zirconium oxide, scandium oxide, yttrium oxide, tantalum oxide, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, tellurium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, zinc oxide, indium oxide or transition metal oxide.

Wherein, in a direction from the translucent display region to the field of view, the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the portion of the translucent display region covered by the functional reflective layer is unchanged, or the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the portion of the translucent display region covered by the functional reflective layer is gradually increased.

The functional display area further comprises an opaque display area with main image transmittance less than 10%, the opaque display area is located on one side of the semitransparent display area close to the shielding area, and the total visible light transmittance of the opaque display area is smaller than that of the semitransparent display area.

Wherein the opaque display area is at least partially covered by the functionally reflective layer.

The functional display area further comprises at least one first extending display area which is positioned in the shielding area and connected with the opaque display area, the first extending display area is at least partially covered by the functional reflection layer, and the total visible light transmittance of the first extending display area is smaller than or equal to that of the opaque display area.

The functional display area further comprises at least one second extending display area positioned in the visual field area, the second extending display area is connected with the semitransparent display area, the second extending display area is at least partially covered by the functional reflection layer, and the total visible light transmittance of the second extending display area is larger than or equal to that of the semitransparent display area.

Wherein the ratio F of the area of the semitransparent display area to the area of the functional display area is more than or equal to 10% and less than or equal to 100%.

Wherein the ratio Q of the total visible light transmittance of the part of the semitransparent display area covered by the functional reflecting layer to the total visible light transmittance of the adjacent visual field area is 0.3-1, or 0.5-1, or 0.8-1, or 0.9-1.

In a second aspect, the application also provides a vehicle comprising a projection device for emitting the projection light towards the laminated glass and a laminated glass as described in any of the preceding claims.

According to the laminated glass provided by the application, the semitransparent display area is arranged in the functional display area, and the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the part of the semitransparent display area covered by the functional reflection layer is more than or equal to 10%, so that the semitransparent display area is in a semitransparent state, on one hand, the light permeability of the functional display area of the laminated glass can be improved, so that the visibility of a driver and a passenger outside a vehicle can be improved, the driving experience of the driver and the passenger can be improved, and on the other hand, the vertical display range of the laminated glass can be enlarged, the visual field and safety redundancy can be enlarged, the safety performance of a vehicle can be improved, and the driving safety of the driver and the passenger can be ensured. On the basis, the ratio TT ₁₂ of the main image transmittance TL ₁ and the auxiliary image transmittance TL ₂ of the part of the semitransparent display area covered by the functional reflecting layer is more than or equal to 15, so that the transmission main image formed by natural light in human eyes is clearer, and meanwhile, the transmission double image formed by the natural light in the human eyes is relatively dull, so that information outside the automobile, which is observed by a driver and a passenger through the semitransparent display area, is clearer, the visibility of the driver and the passenger to the information outside the automobile is further facilitated, the safety performance of the automobile is improved, and the driving safety of the driver and the passenger is ensured.

Drawings

In order to more clearly describe the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, the following description will explain the drawings required to be used by the embodiments of the present application.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vehicle according to the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the black-side display system in the vehicle of FIG. 1 in a first embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a laminated glass in the black-edge display system shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the laminated glass of FIG. 3 taken along the line A-A;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the optical path of a translucent display area in the laminated glass of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of projection light forming a projection image on a laminated glass;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a black-edge display system in the vehicle of FIG. 1 in a second embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a laminated glass in the black-edge display system shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the laminated glass of FIG. 8 taken along the line B-B;

Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a laminated glass of a black-edge display system in the vehicle 1000 shown in fig. 1 in a third embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminated glass of the black-edge display system in the vehicle shown in FIG. 1 in a fourth embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a simulated graph of the reflectivity and transmissivity indices of the laminated glass of FIG. 4;

FIG. 13 is a graph showing S-polarized light reflectance and P-polarized light reflectance of a projected light ray incident on a functional reflection layer in the laminated glass shown in FIG. 9;

Fig. 14 is a graph of the relative emission spectra of light sources for two display screens.

The corresponding names of the reference numerals in the drawings are:

The vehicle 1000, the vehicle body 200, the black display system 100, the laminated glass 120, the projection device 110, the projection light 111, the field of view 121, the functional display area 122, the shielding area 123, the translucent display area 122a, the external light source 2000a, the natural light 2000, the glass substrate 10, the functional reflective layer 20, the inner surface 10a, the outer surface 10b, the outer sheet glass 11, the inner sheet glass 12, the intermediate layer 13, the light blocking layer 14, the first surface 101, the second surface 102, the third surface 103, the fourth surface 104, the projected image 111a, the opaque display area 122b, the first sub-portion 141, the second sub-portion 142, the first portion 21, the second portion 22, the third portion 23, the first extended display area 122d, and the second extended display area 122c.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2 in combination, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 according to the present application, and fig. 2 is a schematic sectional structural diagram of a black display system 100 in the vehicle 1000 shown in fig. 1in a first embodiment.

An embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle 1000. The Vehicle 1000 may be, but is not limited to, a sedan, a utility Vehicle (MPV), a Sport utility Vehicle (Sport/Suburban Utility Vehicle, SUV), an Off-Road Vehicle (ORV), a pick-up, a minibus, a passenger car, a van, and the like.

In the present embodiment, the vehicle 1000 includes a vehicle body 200 and the black display system 100, and the black display system 100 is mounted to the vehicle body 200. Specifically, the black-edge display system 100 includes a laminated glass 120 and a projection device 110. Wherein the laminated glass 120 is mounted at an opening of the vehicle body 200. Illustratively, the laminated glass 120 is a front windshield of the vehicle 1000. In other embodiments, the laminated glass 120 may be a rear windshield, a side window, or a corner window, and the like, which is not strictly limited by the embodiment of the present application.

The projection device 110 is located on the side of the laminated glass 120 facing the inside of the vehicle 1000, and is mounted inside the vehicle body 200. Wherein the projection device 110 may be a projector or a display screen. For example, the projection device 110 may be a projector, a thin film transistor display (Thin Film Transistor, TFT), an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED), a Liquid Crystal On Silicon (LCOS) display, a digital Light Processing (DIGITAL LIGHT Processing, DLP), a sub-millimeter Light Emitting Diode (MINI LIGHT EMITTING Diode, mini LED), or a Micro Light Emitting Diode (Micro LIGHT EMITTING Diode, micro LED), etc. The projection device 110 is adapted to emit projection light 111.

In this embodiment, the projection light 111 includes S-polarized light and P-polarized light. Wherein the S-polarized light has a duty ratio in the projection light 111 of 70% or more and 100% or less. For example, the S-polarized light has a duty cycle of 80% or more in the projection light 111. In other embodiments, the S-polarized light has a duty cycle in projection ray 111 that is greater than or equal to 90%. In another embodiment, the S polarized light has a duty cycle of greater than or equal to 99% in the projected light 111. With this arrangement, on the one hand, the duty ratio of the P-polarized light in the projection light 111 can be reduced, so that the power consumption efficiency of the black display system 100 can be reduced, and on the other hand, the reflected stray light of the projection light 111 can be reduced, so as to avoid the interference of the reflected stray light on the display information of the black display system 100.

It should be appreciated that since the laminated glass 120 is tilted toward the driver's side, the projected light 111 is generally incident on the laminated glass 120 at an incident angle of 65 ° to 75 °. The incident angle θ refers to the angle between the projected light 111 and the normal. The projection light 111 is incident to the laminated glass 120, and the laminated glass 120 reflects the projection light 111 to enter human eyes of drivers and passengers to form a display image, so that the drivers and passengers can observe the display image without lowering heads, the field of view of the drivers and passengers is better, the sight is longer for observing real-time conditions outside the vehicle 1000, meanwhile, the necessary driving assisting information such as driving information and road information can be obtained more easily, and the driving safety is greatly improved.

In addition, the vehicle 1000 includes an instrument desk (not shown). The instrument desk is mounted to the vehicle body 200. And is located on the side of the laminated glass 120 facing the interior of the vehicle 1000. The side of the instrument desk facing the laminated glass 120 is provided with a light absorbing layer (not shown). The light absorption layer can be at least one of artificial velvet base cloth, nylon velvet, polyurethane film layer, polyethylene terephthalate (Polyethylene terephthalate, PET) film, acrylic film layer, polyethylene film layer, carbon nano tube film layer or extinction ink layer. In this embodiment, by providing the black silk light absorbing layer on the instrument desk of the vehicle 1000, the reflected stray light entering the laminated glass 120 from the outside of the vehicle 1000 can be reduced, the interference of the reflected stray light on the display image of the laminated glass 120 can be prevented, and the good imaging effect of the laminated glass 120 can be ensured.

Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 5 in combination, fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the laminated glass 120 in the black edge display system 100 shown in fig. 2, fig. 4 is a schematic sectional structural view of the laminated glass 120 shown in fig. 3 taken along A-A, and fig. 5 is a schematic optical path diagram of the semitransparent display region 122a in the laminated glass 120 shown in fig. 4. Where "cut along A-A" means a plane along A-A line, the same will be understood as similarly described hereinafter.

The laminated glass 120 includes a glass substrate 10 and a functional reflective layer 20. Wherein the glass substrate 10 includes an inner surface 10a facing the interior of the vehicle 1000 and an outer surface 10b facing the exterior of the vehicle 1000. In this embodiment, the functional reflective layer 20 is disposed on the inner surface 10a. The functional reflective layer 20 is used to project the light 111 such that the projected light 111 is reflected into the human eyes of the driver to form display information.

Specifically, the laminated glass 120 has a field of view 121, a functional display 122, and a mask 123. Wherein the occupant views the environment outside the vehicle 1000 through the field of view 121. It should be appreciated that, in accordance with regulations GB9656 or ECE R43, field of view 121 includes at least field of view B. The undetermined mask on the laminated glass 120 must not intrude into the field of view B to prevent interference with the driver's vision. In other embodiments, field of view 121 may also include a field of view B deduction region. In this embodiment, the shielding region 123 is disposed around the field of view 121. The screening area 123 may serve to screen, protect, and enhance the overall aesthetics of the vehicle 1000.

The functional display area 122 is located between the field of view 121 and the mask area 123. Wherein at least a portion of the functionally reflective layer 20 is located in the functional display area 122. The projection light 111 emitted by the projection device 110 is reflected at the functional display area 122 and forms projection information that is observable by the human eye. In the present embodiment, the function display area 122 may be centrally disposed on a side of the laminated glass 120 near an instrument desk of the vehicle 1000, as shown in fig. 2. In other embodiments, the functional display areas 122 may be disposed on the peripheral side of the laminated glass 120. For example, a part of the function display area 122 may be provided on the side of the laminated glass 120 close to the instrument desk of the vehicle 1000, a part of the function display area 122 may be provided near the rear view mirror of the vehicle 1000 with the laminated glass 120, and a part of the function display area 122 may be provided on the side of the laminated glass 120 close to the pillar glass of the vehicle 1000.

The functional display area 122 includes at least one translucent display area 122a located between the field of view 121 and the mask area 123. The translucent display area 122a is connected to the field of view 121. Wherein at least part of the functionally reflective layer 20 covers a portion of the inner surface 10a located in the translucent display area 122a. The translucent display area 122a is a perspective area having a certain visibility and identification of the state outside the vehicle.

In this embodiment, the ratio F of the area of the translucent display area 122a to the area of the functional display area 122 is 10% F.ltoreq.100%. In the present embodiment, the ratio F of the area of the translucent display area 122a to the area of the functional display area 122 is 100%. In other embodiments, the ratio F of the area of the semi-transparent display region 122a to the area of the functional display region 122 is 80%, 60%, 40%, 30%, 20%, or 10%. In the actual production process, the ratio of the area of the translucent display area 122a to the area of the functional display area 122 may be designed according to the requirements such as the field of view actually required by the vehicle 1000.

In this embodiment, the minimum distance H between the boundary of the translucent display area 122a on the side close to the mask area 123 and the boundary of the field of view area 121 on the side close to the mask area 123 is in the range of H.gtoreq.10 mm, or H.gtoreq.30 mm, or H.gtoreq.50 mm, or H.gtoreq.100 mm. With this arrangement, on the one hand, the intrusion of the functional display area 122 into the field of view B of the field of view area 121 can be avoided, so that the interference of the projection information on the sight of the driver can be reduced, and on the other hand, the semitransparent display area 122a of the functional display area 122 can be ensured to be as close to the field of view B of the field of view area 121 as possible, so that the visibility of the projection information on the functional display area 122 can be enhanced, and the attention frequency of the driver to the projection information on the functional display area 122 can be increased. Meanwhile, the visible range of the laminated glass 120 can be increased, the visible field of view and safety redundancy can be increased, the safety performance of the vehicle 1000 can be improved, and driving safety of drivers and passengers can be guaranteed.

The translucent display area 122a may be used to reflect incident projection light 111 to form a display image. The display image may display running information of the vehicle 1000, various patterns, or play video, etc., and can be used for welcome, atmosphere creation, movie watching, office watching, etc., various scenes. Specifically, the display image is used for displaying driving parameters including vehicle speed, engine revolution, oil consumption, tire pressure, warning information, driving mileage and the like, and also can be used for displaying weather temperature and entertainment information, and can be used as dynamic navigation, night vision, a live-action map and the like. Meanwhile, the occupant may also observe the environment outside the vehicle 1000 through the translucent display area 122 a.

Natural light 2000 emitted from an external light source 2000a of the vehicle 1000 passes through the translucent display area 122a of the laminated glass 120 through two refractions to enter the human eye, and forms a transmission main image in the human eye. At this time, the visible light transmittance of the transmitted main image is denoted as main image transmittance TL ₁. Wherein the main image transmittance TL ₁ is calculated using a spectrophotometer reference standard ISO9050 measurement. Meanwhile, the natural light 2000 emitted from the external light source 2000a of the vehicle 1000 enters the inside of the laminated glass 120, and is refracted twice and reflected twice, and then enters the human eye to form a transmission double image. At this time, the visible light transmittance that transmits the ghost image is denoted as the sub-image transmittance TL ₂. It is also understood that the translucent display area 122a has a main image transmittance TL ₁ and a sub-image transmittance TL ₂ for the natural light 2000 outside the vehicle 1000.

In the present embodiment, the total visible light transmittance of the translucent display area 122a is smaller than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the field of view area 121 and larger than the total visible light transmittance of the shielding area 123. It should be noted that the value of the total visible light transmittance may be approximately equal to the sum of the main image transmittance TL ₁ and the sub-image transmittance TL ₂, and the following similar descriptions may be understood as the same. Wherein the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the part of the semitransparent display region 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is not less than 10%. Under this setting, can make translucent display area 122a be semitransparent state, on the one hand, can improve the light permeability of the function display area 122 of laminated glass 120 to can promote the visibility outside the car of driver and passenger, improve driver's riding experience, on the other hand, also can increase the vertical display range of laminated glass 120, thereby can increase visual field and safe redundancy, improve the security performance of vehicle 1000, guarantee driver's driving safety. Further, in the direction from the translucent display region 122a to the field of view 121, the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the portion of the translucent display region 122a covered by the functionally reflective layer 20 is unchanged, or the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the portion of the translucent display region 122a covered by the functionally reflective layer 20 is gradually increased. In some further embodiments, the main image transmittance TL ₁ may be greater than or equal to 20%, or even the main image transmittance TL ₁ may be greater than or equal to 30%, so that a clearer field of view outside the vehicle can be obtained, wherein, specifically, the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the portion of the translucent display region 122a covered by the functionally reflective layer 20 may be set to 10%, or, it is to be understood that, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, etc., the main image transmittance TL ₁ cannot be actively adjusted, but needs to be indirectly adjusted by controlling other related factors, so that in actual circumstances, the value of the main image transmittance TL ₁ may be any value near the above value, which is not particularly limited in the present application.

In the present embodiment, the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the portion of the translucent display region 122a covered by the functionally reflective layer 20 is greater than the sub-image transmittance TL ₂ of the portion of the translucent display region 122a covered by the functionally reflective layer 20. Wherein the ratio TT ₁₂ of the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the portion of the translucent display region 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 to the sub-image transmittance TL ₂ of the portion of the translucent display region 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is equal to or greater than 15. Under this setting, the transmission main image formed by the natural light 2000 in the human eye can be clearer, and meanwhile, the transmission double image formed by the natural light 2000 in the human eye is relatively dim, so that the information outside the vehicle observed by the driver and the passengers through the semitransparent display area 122a is clearer, and further, the visibility of the driver and the passengers to the information outside the vehicle is improved, the safety performance of the vehicle 1000 is improved, and the driving safety of the driver and the passengers is ensured.

Compared with the traditional black display glass, in some embodiments of the present application, it is proposed that the area of the black display is completely or partially replaced by the translucent material to replace the low-transmittance ink and form the translucent display area 122a for projection display, so that the translucent display area can still have a certain effect of transmitting external visible light on the premise of meeting the projection display, and the purpose of increasing the field of view is achieved. The semitransparent display region 122a needs to be covered by the functional reflective layer 20 as a projection reflection part to achieve a high-quality projection reflection effect, but at the same time, the functional reflective layer 20 also reflects natural light 2000 entering the interior of the vehicle from the exterior of the vehicle through the laminated glass 120, and the reflected light is reflected again on the outer surface of the laminated glass 120, so as to form a transmission double image. In the semi-transparent display region 122a, there may be a main reflection image and a sub reflection image generated by the projection reflection, and if the transmitted double image formed by the incidence of the natural light 2000 is superimposed, the final display effect of the semi-transparent display region 122a is less favorable.

Further, it was found through comparison and verification that if the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the portion of the translucent display region 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is less than 10%, the external transmission main image cannot be seen clearly, and when the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the portion of the translucent display region 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is equal to or greater than 10%, the vehicle exterior image can be seen clearly, but at the same time, as the main image transmittance TL ₁ increases, the sub-image transmittance TL ₂ increases accordingly, and thus the ghost problem of the transmission main image and the transmission double image is caused. Surprisingly, it was found through verification that when the ratio TT ₁₂ of the main image transmittance TL1 and the sub-image transmittance TL ₂ of the portion of the translucent display region 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is not less than 15, the sub-image transmittance TL ₂ is relatively small, at which time the image information outside the vehicle can be clearly observed by an occupant located inside the vehicle and it is difficult to observe the transmitted double image.

In some embodiments, the translucent display region 122a need only satisfy the necessary visibility, and thus the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the portion of the translucent display region 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is set to be less than or equal to 70%, so that it can be avoided that the sub-image transmittance TL ₂ is excessively large to be easily perceived.

In some embodiments, to meet more excellent display effects, the ratio TT ₁₂ of the main image transmittance TL ₁ and the sub-image transmittance TL ₂ of the portion of the translucent display region 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is equal to or greater than 20.

It is surprising that the ratio TT ₁₂ of the main image transmittance TL ₁ and the sub-image transmittance TL ₂ can be increased by selecting a functional reflective layer 20 having a lower reflectivity for P-polarized light, since the functional reflective layer 20 generally has a higher reflectivity for S-polarized light R _S than for P-polarized light R _P, which when increased by the reflectivity R _P for P-polarized light results in an increase in S-polarized light R _S and thus in an increase in the total reflectivity of the translucent display region 122 a. The increase in total reflectance may further cause natural light 2000 to be reflected more resulting in a decrease in the primary image transmittance TL ₁ and an increase in the secondary image transmittance TL ₂.

Further, the ratio Q of the total transmittance of visible light of the portion of the translucent display region 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 to the total transmittance of visible light of the adjacent field of view region 121 is 0.3+.q+.1. In other embodiments, the ratio Q of the total visible light transmittance of the portion of the translucent display region 122a covered by the functionally reflective layer 20 to the total visible light transmittance of the adjacent viewing area 121 is 0.5.ltoreq.Q.ltoreq.1, or 0.8.ltoreq.Q.ltoreq.1, or 0.9.ltoreq.Q.ltoreq.1. With this arrangement, the transition between the transparency of the translucent display area 122a and the transparency of the field of view 121 can be made gentle, and no significant fluctuation occurs, thereby contributing to improvement of the visual effect of the driver observing the information outside the vehicle through the laminated glass 120, and improvement of the driving experience of the driver.

Please continue to refer to fig. 5. The projection light 111 emitted from the projection device 110 enters the human eye after being reflected once in the translucent display area 122a, and forms a reflected primary image in the human eye. At this time, the visible light reflectance of the reflected main image is referred to as a main image reflectance RL ₁. Meanwhile, since the semitransparent display region 122a is in a semitransparent state, the projection light 111 also enters the inside of the laminated glass 120, and is refracted twice and sequentially reflected, and then enters the human eye to form a reflection ghost (ghost). At this time, the visible light reflectance of the reflection ghost is referred to as a sub-image reflectance RL ₂. It can be understood that the portion of the translucent display region 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 has the main image reflectance RL ₁ and the sub-image reflectance RL ₂ for the projection light 111. The main image reflectance RL ₁ is larger than the sub-image reflectance RL ₂. Wherein, the ratio RR ₁₂ of the main image reflectivity RL ₁ and the auxiliary image reflectivity RL ₂ of the part of the semitransparent display region 122a covered by the functional reflective layer is more than or equal to 15. The primary image reflectivity RL ₁ is the reflectivity of the functional reflective layer for the first reflection of the S polarized light, and the secondary image reflectivity RL ₂ is the reflectivity of the S polarized light entering the head-up display glass through the functional reflective layer for the second reflection. It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the projection light mainly uses S polarized light, so in the embodiment of the present application, the primary image reflectivity RL ₁ refers to the reflectivity of the S polarized light that is reflected for the first time on the inner surface of the head-up display glass, and the secondary image reflectivity RL ₂ refers to the reflectivity of the S polarized light that enters the interior of the head-up display glass and is reflected for the second time. Further, in the embodiment of the present application, since the main image reflectivity RL ₁ refers to the reflectivity of the S polarized light reflected for the first time on the inner surface of the head-up display glass, in other embodiments of the present application, the head-up display glass provided with the functional reflective layer has the main image reflectivity RL ₁ for the S polarized light reflectivity RS, in other words, in the embodiment of the present application, the S polarized light reflectivity RS is equal to the main image reflectivity RL ₁.

In other embodiments that are not exclusive of the embodiments of the present application, the reflectivity RS of the functional reflective layer for S-polarized light may not be equal to the main image reflectivity RL ₁. In addition, in other embodiments not exclusive to the illustrated embodiment of the present application, mixed polarized light mainly composed of S polarized light may be used as the projection light, and thus in other embodiments, the main image reflectance RL ₁ and the sub image reflectance RL ₂ may also refer to the reflectance at which the mixed polarized light mainly composed of S polarized light is reflected first at the inner surface of the head-up display glass, and the reflectance at which the mixed polarized light enters the interior of the head-up display glass and is reflected second.

With this arrangement, the reflected primary image formed by the projection light 111 in the human eye can be clearer, and the reflected ghost formed by the projection light 111 in the human eye is relatively dim, so that the information such as the image presented by the semitransparent display area 122a of the laminated glass 120 is clear, the driver is prevented from being interfered by the reflected ghost, and the driving experience and the driving safety of the driver are improved.

Note that, when the ratio RR12 of the main image reflectance RL1 and the sub-image reflectance RL2 of the portion of the translucent display region 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is equal to or greater than 15, the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the portion of the translucent display region 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 is much greater than the sub-image transmittance TL ₂. At this time, the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the portion of the translucent display region 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 may be approximately regarded as the total visible light transmittance of the translucent display region 122 a.

In addition, in some embodiments, the ratio RR ₁₂ of the main image reflectivity RL ₁ and the secondary image reflectivity RL ₂ of the portion of the translucent display region 122a covered by the functional reflective layer 20 may be RR 12+.20, further RR ₁₂ +.30, RR ₁₂ +.40, or RR ₁₂ +.50, and the larger the ratio of the main image reflectivity RL ₁ and the secondary image reflectivity RL ₂ is theoretically, the better the display effect is.

Please continue to refer to fig. 4. The glass substrate 10 includes an outer sheet glass 11, an inner sheet glass 12, an intermediate layer 13, and a light blocking layer 14. The outer sheet glass 11 and the inner sheet glass 12 are disposed at an interval and are opposed to each other in the thickness direction of the glass substrate 10. Wherein the surface of the inner sheet glass 12 facing away from the outer sheet glass 11 is an inner surface 10a. The intermediate layer 13 is located between the outer sheet glass 11 and the inner sheet glass 12. The light blocking layer 14 is disposed on the surface of the outer glass sheet 11 facing the inner glass sheet 12 and is located in the shielding region 123.

Specifically, the outer sheet of glass 11 includes a first surface 101 and a second surface 102. The first surface 101 and the second surface 102 are disposed opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the outer sheet glass 11. The first surface 101 of the outer glass sheet 11 is the outer surface 10b of the glass substrate 10. The inner sheet of glass 12 includes a third surface 103 and a fourth surface 104. The third surface 103 and the fourth surface 104 are disposed opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the inner glass sheet 12. Wherein the third surface 103 is arranged towards the second surface 102. The fourth surface 104 is the inner surface 10a of the glass substrate 10. The light blocking layer 14 is provided on the second surface 102 of the outer sheet glass 11. Wherein at least a portion of the light blocking layer 14 is located in the shielding region 123.

The intermediate layer 13 is connected between the second surface 102 and the fourth surface 104. In this embodiment, the intermediate layer 13 may be a single thermoplastic polymer film or may be a laminate of two or more thermoplastic polymer films, and the thermoplastic polymer film may be at least one material selected from polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethane (PU), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and ionic polymer (SGP). It should be noted that, when the intermediate layer 13 includes more than two thermoplastic polymer films, the more than two thermoplastic polymer films may be made of the same or different materials, so as to meet different scene requirements.

In the production process, the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the translucent display region 122a may be adjusted by adjusting the structure, the material, and the like of the glass substrate 10 according to actual requirements, so that the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the translucent display region 122a is greater than or equal to 10%.

In a possible embodiment, the adjustment of the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the translucent display region 122a may be achieved with the intermediate layer 13. For example, the intermediate layer 13 may be made of a colored film layer or a gradient colored film layer, or a colored sheet or a gradient colored sheet may be embedded in the intermediate layer 13 so that the coloring composition and proportion of the intermediate layer 13 are changed, thereby achieving adjustment of the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the translucent display region 122 a. For another example, the intermediate layer 13 may be made of a polymer film with surface printing ink, paint or pigment.

In a possible embodiment, the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the translucent display region 122a may be adjusted by dyeing or coloring on the first surface 101, the second surface 102, the third surface 103, or the fourth surface 104. In one possible embodiment, the adjustment of the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the translucent display region 122a may also be achieved using the inner sheet glass 12 itself having a dark coloration. In a possible embodiment, the reflectivity of the functional reflective layer 20 to the projection light 111 may also be changed or the functional reflective layer 20 itself may be colored to achieve the adjustment of the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the translucent display region 122 a.

In a possible embodiment, a dimming film may be provided in the glass substrate 10 to achieve adjustment of the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the translucent display region 122 a. The dimming film may be a polymer dispersed liquid crystal film (PDLC), a suspended particle film (SPD), an electrochromic film (EC), a dye liquid crystal film (LC), or the like. The highest visible light transmittance of the dimming film can be set according to actual production requirements. For example, the highest visible light transmittance of the light modulation film may be 50%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or the like. For example, when the laminated glass 120 is required to display information such as an image, the highest visible light transmittance of the light modulation film may be 90% so that the light modulation film is in a high visible light transmittance state, thereby providing the laminated glass 120 with a larger transparent area.

In one possible embodiment, the laminated glass 120 further includes a functional layer (not shown). Specifically, the functional layer is provided between the outer sheet glass 11 and the intermediate layer 13, or the functional layer is provided between the intermediate layer 13 and the inner sheet glass 12. The functional layer may be a transparent heating conductive film layer or a heat insulating film layer, which is not limited in any way by the embodiment of the present application.

In this embodiment, the functional reflective layer 20 is disposed on the fourth surface 104 of the inner glass sheet 12. The portion of the functional reflective layer 20 located in the semitransparent display region 122a may be conveniently provided with a hollowed pattern, so as to realize gradual change of visible light transmittance, thereby enabling a driver and a passenger to feel more comfortable.

In this embodiment, the refractive index n of the functional reflective layer 20 is not less than 1.7. In other embodiments, the refractive index n of the functional reflective layer 20 is 2 or more, or the refractive index n of the functional reflective layer 20 is 2.2 or more, or the refractive index n of the functional reflective layer 20 is 2.4 or more, or the refractive index n of the functional reflective layer 20 is 2.6 or more, or the refractive index n of the functional reflective layer 20 is 3 or more. In this embodiment, the functional reflective layer 20 may be made of a non-metal transparent film layer. The material of the functional reflective layer 20 includes at least one of silicon nitride, silicon-metal-mixed nitride, aluminum nitride, gallium nitride, titanium nitride, tin oxide, manganese oxide, tungsten oxide, niobium oxide, bismuth oxide, titanium oxide, tin-zinc-mixed oxide, zirconium oxide, scandium oxide, yttrium oxide, tantalum oxide, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, tellurium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, zinc oxide, indium oxide, or transition metal oxide. Illustratively, the functionally reflective layer 20 is a sol-gel coating.

In this embodiment, the functional reflective layer 20 has an S-polarized light reflectivity R _S for the S-polarized light of the projection light 111, and the functional reflective layer 20 has a P-polarized light reflectivity R _p for the P-polarized light of the projection light 111. The S-polarized light reflectivity R _S is larger than the P-polarized light reflectivity R _P, and the ratio K of the S-polarized light reflectivity R _S to the P-polarized light reflectivity R _P is more than or equal to 1.5. Preferably, K is greater than or equal to 5, alternatively K is greater than or equal to 10, alternatively K is greater than or equal to 30, alternatively K is greater than or equal to 50. When the projection light 111 is incident to the functional reflection layer 20 at an incident angle of 70 °, the S-polarized light reflectivity R _S is not less than 40%. Preferably, the S-polarized light reflectivity R _S is equal to or greater than 50%, or the S-polarized light reflectivity R _S is equal to or greater than 60%, or the S-polarized light reflectivity R _S is equal to or greater than 70%. The P-polarized light reflectivity R _P <40%. Preferably, the P polarized light reflectivity R _P is less than or equal to 30 percent, or the P polarized light reflectivity R _P is less than or equal to 20 percent, or the P polarized light reflectivity R _P is less than or equal to 10 percent, or the P polarized light reflectivity R _P is less than or equal to 5 percent, or the P polarized light reflectivity R _P is less than or equal to 1 percent. The wavelength ranges of the S-polarized light and the P-polarized light are 380nm to 780nm.

With this arrangement, on the one hand, the functional reflective layer 20 can achieve high reflection of S-polarized light, enhance brightness and resolution of display contents of the translucent display region 122a, and on the other hand, the functional reflective layer 20 can achieve low reflection of P-polarized light, reduce power consumption of the entire black display system 100, and reduce cost. Meanwhile, the permeability of the semitransparent display region 122a and the visibility of drivers to the environment outside the vehicle can be enhanced, and the driving experience and driving safety of the drivers can be improved.

In this embodiment, the projection light 111 emitted from the projection device 110 is incident on the functional reflective layer 20 and forms a projection image in the semitransparent display region 122 a. It should be appreciated that the color of the projection light 111 emitted by the projection device 110 is mixed by three primary colors of RGB, and the projection image reflected by the functional reflective layer 20 is visible to the human eye. To avoid color shift (e.g., redness or bluiness) of the projection image and to facilitate matching of the color of the projection light 111 emitted from the projection device 110 with the functional reflective layer 20 for display calibration, the reflectance curve of the functional reflective layer 20 in the visible light band should be changed as linearly as possible. The absolute value of the maximum deviation of the reflectance of each interval band (interval band is 5 nm) within a predetermined band range from the linear regression line of each interval band within the range is set as the reflectance deviation Δd. When the projected light 111 is incident on the functional reflection layer 20 at an incident angle of 70 °, the reflectance of the functional reflection layer 20 to S-polarized light having a wavelength of 400nm to 700nm deviates by Δd _s by Δds.ltoreq.3%, or Δds.ltoreq.2%, or Δds.ltoreq.1%. When the projection light 111 is incident on the functional reflection layer 20 at an incident angle of 70 °, the reflectance deviation Δd _p of the functional reflection layer 20 with respect to the P-polarized light having a wavelength of 400nm to 700nm is Δdp.ltoreq.3%, or Δdp.ltoreq.2%, or Δdp.ltoreq.1%. With this arrangement, the laminated glass 120 can be adapted to a variety of projection devices 110, thereby enabling the black-edge display system 100 to have a higher display gamut coverage.

In addition, the laminated glass 120 further includes an electric heating element (not shown) and a wire (not shown). The electric heating element is provided on the surface of the outer sheet glass 11 facing the inner sheet glass 12, or the electric heating element is provided on the surface of the inner sheet glass 12 facing the outer sheet glass 11. The electrical heating element is used to heat the functional display area 122. In this embodiment, the electric heating element may be a metal wire, a copper foil, silver paste, or a transparent conductive metal film, etc. to implement the heating function display area 122. The wires are electrically connected between the electrical heating element and the power source of the vehicle 1000.

Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a projection image 111a formed by projection light 111 on a laminated glass 120.

In this embodiment, the projection light 111 emitted from the projection device 110 is incident on the functional reflective layer 20, and forms a projection image 111a in the semitransparent display region 122 a. When the human eye observes the projection image 111a, the position where the human eye is located is the observation position 3000. In the direction of the line of sight between the center of the projected image 111a and the observation position 3000, the distance between the projected image 111a and the surface of the laminated glass 120 facing the outside of the vehicle 1000 is 1m or less. That is, the distance between the projected image 111a and the outer surface 10b is 1m or less in the direction along the line of sight between the center of the projected image 111a and the observation position 3000. Preferably, in the direction along the line of sight between the center of the projected image 111a and the observation position 3000, the distance between the projected image 111a and the outer surface 10b is 0.5m or less, or the distance between the projected image 111a and the outer surface 10b is 0.3m or less, or the distance between the projected image 111a and the outer surface 10b is 0.2m or less.

With this arrangement, it is possible to ensure that the projected image 111a does not exceed the head and is positioned near the hood surface of the vehicle 1000, and it is possible to avoid an unreasonable state in which the projected image 111a appears to be too bored into the engine compartment of the vehicle 1000, and the like, and to ensure the sense of realism of the projected image 111 a. Meanwhile, the superposition interference of the reflected virtual image and the transmitted real image caused by the factors such as the irregular shape of the road surface, the front vehicle 1000 or the rear end of the engine cover can be reduced, so that the visibility of a driver to the environment outside the vehicle can be enhanced, and the driving experience and the driving safety of the driver can be improved.

Referring to fig. 7, 8 and 9 in combination, fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the black display system 100 in the vehicle 1000 shown in fig. 1 in the second embodiment, fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the laminated glass 120 in the black display system 100 shown in fig. 7, and fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the laminated glass 120 shown in fig. 8 taken along the line B-B.

The laminated glass 120 shown in the present embodiment is different from the laminated glass 120 shown in the first embodiment described above in that the functional display region 122 further includes an opaque display region 122b. The opaque display area 122b is located on a side of the translucent display area 122a adjacent to the mask area 123. Wherein the opaque display area 122b is at least partially covered by the functionally reflective layer 20.

In this embodiment, the total visible light transmittance of the opaque display area 122b is smaller than that of the translucent display area 122 a. Wherein the main image transmittance of the opaque display area 122b is less than 10%. The main image transmittance of the opaque display area 122b does not change in the direction from the opaque display area 122b to the translucent display area 122 a. For example, the main image transmittance of the opaque display area 122b may be 8%, 5%, 3%, 1%, 0.1%, 0.02%, or 0 in a direction from the opaque display area 122b to the translucent display area 122 a. In other embodiments, the main image transmittance of the opaque display area 122b gradually increases in a direction from the opaque display area 122b toward the translucent display area 122 a.

In this arrangement, the opaque display area 122b can be used as a display background for displaying the projection image 111a, so that the external environment light can be better shielded, unnecessary interference of the sight line can be avoided, the contrast ratio between the projection image 111a and the display background can be improved, and a higher color gamut can be realized, so that the projection image 111a can be displayed more clearly.

In the present embodiment, the functionally reflective layer 20 covers a portion of the inner surface 10a located in the opaque display area 122b and a portion of the inner surface 10a of the glass substrate 10 located in the translucent display area 122 a. The light blocking layer 14 covers the portion of the second surface 102 located in the shielding region 123 and the portion of the second surface 102 located in the opaque display region 122 b.

Specifically, the light blocking layer 14 includes a first sub-portion 141 and a second sub-portion 142 connected. The first sub-portion 141 is located in the shielding region 123, and covers a portion of the second surface 102 located in the shielding region 123. The second sub-portion 142 is located in the opaque display area 122b and covers a portion of the second surface 102 located in the opaque display area 122b. It will also be appreciated that the light blocking layer 14 is capable of adjusting the main image transmittance of the opaque display region 122b, and by extending the light blocking layer 14 to the functional display region 122, the main image transmittance of that portion of the functional display region 122 may be reduced, thereby forming the opaque display region 122b.

In other embodiments, the main image transmittance of the opaque display area 122b may also be adjusted using an opaque polymer film or a dimming film. The opaque polymer film can be a polymer film with body coloring, a polymer film with surface printing ink, paint or pigment, and a polymer film with dyeing or coloring. The dimming film may be a polymer dispersed liquid crystal film (PDLC), a suspended particle film (SPD), an electrochromic film (EC), a dye liquid crystal film (LC), or the like. The minimum visible light transmittance of the light modulation film is less than or equal to 10%. For example, the minimum visible light transmittance of the dimming film may be 8%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, or 0%. In addition, the highest visible light transmittance of the light modulation film is set according to actual production requirements. For example, the highest visible light transmittance of the light modulation film may be 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, 80%, or the like. Further, when it is necessary to display information in the opaque display area 122b, the dimming film is in an opaque state. At this time, the visible light transmittance of the light modulation film is less than or equal to 5%, even 0%. With the arrangement, the contrast ratio between the projection image 111a and the display background can be improved, so that a driver can observe the projection image 111a more clearly, and the use experience of the driver can be improved.

Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminated glass 120 of the black display system 100 in the vehicle 1000 shown in fig. 1 in a third embodiment.

The laminated glass 120 shown in this embodiment is different from the laminated glass 120 shown in the second embodiment described above in that the functional display region 122 further includes at least one first extended display region 122d located in the shielding region 123, and the first extended display region 122d is connected to the opaque display region 122 b. Wherein the first extended display region 122d is at least partially covered by the functionally reflective layer 20. In this embodiment, the total visible light transmittance of the first extended display region 122d is less than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the opaque display region. The main image transmittance TL ₁ of the first extended display region 122d, the ratio TT ₁₂ of the main image transmittance TL ₁ to the sub-image transmittance TL ₂ of the portion of the first extended display region 122d covered by the functional reflective layer 20, and the ratio RR ₁₂ of the main image reflectance RL ₁ to the sub-image reflectance RL ₂ of the portion of the first extended display region 122d covered by the functional reflective layer 20 to the projection light 111 are all described with reference to the above related descriptions of the opaque display region 122b, and are not described herein.

In this arrangement, the first extended display area 122d can also serve as a display background of the projection image 111a, further shield the external ambient light, avoid unnecessary interference of the sight line, further improve the contrast between the projection image 111a and the display background, and realize a higher color gamut, so that the projection image 111a is displayed more clearly.

Further, in the present embodiment, the functional reflective layer 20 includes a first portion 21, a second portion 22, and a third portion 23, which are sequentially connected. The first portion 21 is located in a semitransparent display area 122a of the functional display area 122, and covers a portion of the inner surface 10a located in the semitransparent display area 122 a. The second portion 22 is located in the opaque display area 122b and covers the portion of the inner surface 10a located in the opaque display area 122 b. The third portion 23 is located in the first extended display area 122d, and covers a portion of the inner surface 10a located in the first extended display area 122 d.

Referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminated glass 120 of the black display system 100 in the vehicle 1000 shown in fig. 1 in a fourth embodiment.

The laminated glass 120 shown in the present embodiment is different from the laminated glass 120 shown in the first embodiment described above in that the functional display area 122 further includes at least one second extended display area 122c located in the field of view 121. The second extended display region 122c is connected to the translucent display region 122a, and the second extended display region 122c is at least partially covered by the functionally reflective layer 20. Wherein the total visible light transmittance of the second extended display region 122c is greater than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the semi-transparent display region. The main image transmittance TL ₁ of the second extended display region 122c, the ratio TT ₁₂ of the main image transmittance TL ₁ and the sub-image transmittance TL ₂ of the portion of the second extended display region 122c covered by the functional reflective layer 20, the ratio RR ₁₂ of the main image reflectance RL ₁ and the sub-image reflectance RL ₂ of the portion of the second extended display region 122c covered by the functional reflective layer 20 to the projection light 111, and the like may be referred to the above related descriptions of the translucent display region 122a, and will not be repeated herein.

In this embodiment, when the second extended display area 122c extends to the field of view B, the total visible light transmittance of the second extended display area 122c is greater than or equal to 70%. Wherein a total visible light transmittance of a portion of the second extended display region 122c is greater than or equal to 75%. Preferably, the total visible light transmittance of the second extended display region 122c is greater than or equal to 85%, or the total visible light transmittance of the second extended display region 122c is greater than or equal to 88%, or the total visible light transmittance of the second extended display region 122c is greater than or equal to 90%. In other embodiments, when the second extended display area 122c extends only to the viewing-field B deduction area, the total visible light transmittance of the second extended display area 122c may be less than 70%, and the vertical display range of the laminated glass 120 may be increased, so as to improve the display effect of the laminated glass 120.

When the projection light 111 is incident on the portion of the second extended display region 122c covered by the functional reflective layer 20 at an incident angle of 65 °, the S-polarized light reflectivity R _S is equal to or greater than 55% and the P-polarized light reflectivity R _P is equal to or less than 15%. When the projection light 111 is incident on the functional reflection layer 20 at an incident angle of 0 °, the S-polarized light reflectivity R _S is less than or equal to 27%, and the ratio a of the S-polarized light reflectivity R _S to the P-polarized light reflectivity R _P is 0.9 less than or equal to 1.1. That is, when the projection light 111 is incident on the functional reflective layer 20 at an incident angle of 0 °, the S-polarized light reflectivity R _S is approximately equal to the P-polarized light reflectivity R _P.

With this arrangement, the vertical display range of the laminated glass 120 can be increased, and the display effect of the laminated glass 120 can be improved. Meanwhile, the main image transmittance of the semitransparent display region 122a is greater than or equal to 70%, so that the transparency is high, and the laminated glass 120 has good permeability and out-of-vehicle visibility, so that the problem of insufficient permeability of the laminated glass 120 can be effectively solved, and riding experience of drivers and passengers is improved.

In this embodiment, the functional reflective layer 20 includes a first portion 21, a second portion 22, and a third portion 23, which are sequentially connected. The first portion 21 is located in a semitransparent display area 122a of the functional display area 122, and covers a portion of the inner surface 10a located in the semitransparent display area 122 a. The second portion 22 is located in the second extended display region 122c and covers a portion of the inner surface 10a located in the second extended display region 122 c. The third portion 23 is located in the field of view 121 and covers the portion of the inner surface 10a located in the field of view 121.

Referring to fig. 12, fig. 12 is a graph showing a simulation of the index of reflectance and transmittance of the laminated glass 120 shown in fig. 4.

The present application performs a simulation calculation on the laminated glass 120 shown in the first embodiment to understand the relationship among the indexes of the laminated glass 120, such as the main image reflectivity RL ₁, the sub-image reflectivity RL ₂, the main image transmissivity TL ₁, the sub-image transmissivity TL ₂, and the like, and the specific simulation conditions are as follows:

The present application provides examples a-E, where the maximum value of the visible light transmittance TL ⁰ of the examples a-E at the 0 ° incidence angle is set to 92% when the incidence angle of the projection light 111 is 0 °. In embodiments a-E, the intermediate layer 13 is used as a layer for adjusting the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the translucent display region 122 a. Examples a-E all employed a uniform transparent thin film layer as the functional reflective layer 20, and the functional reflective layer 20 of examples a-E was specularly reflective. Among them, the S-polarized light reflectance Rs and the P-polarized light reflectance Rp of the functional reflective layer 20 of examples a to E are shown in table 1. Natural light 2000 and projected light 111 are incident on embodiments a-E at an angle of incidence of 70 deg., and are refracted and reflected multiple times. The refraction angle, reflectance, transmittance, light intensity, etc. of the natural light ray 2000 and the projected light ray 111 at the interface may be calculated using Snell's Law, fresnel Formula (Fresnel Formula), and Lambert-Beer's Law. The ratio RR ₁₂ of the main image reflectance RL ₁ and the sub-image reflectance RL ₂ of examples a to E and the ratio TT ₁₂ of the main image transmittance TL ₁ and the sub-image transmittance TL ₂ of examples a to E were calculated, respectively, and the experimental results are shown in fig. 12.

TABLE 1

Numbering device	S-polarized light reflectivity Rs	P-polarized light reflectivity Rp
			Example A	80%	1.4%
Example B	59.5%	1.4%
			Example C	40%	1.4%
Example D	59.5%	40%
			Example E	35%	20%

As is clear from the experimental results shown in fig. 12, by reasonably setting the S-polarized light reflectance Rs and the P-polarized light reflectance Rp of the functional reflective layer 20, the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the laminated glass 120 can be equal to or greater than 10%, the ratio RR12 of the main image reflectance RL ₁ and the sub-image reflectance RL ₂ of the laminated glass 120 can be equal to or greater than 15, and the ratio TT ₁₂ of the main image transmittance TL ₁ and the sub-image transmittance TL ₂ can be equal to or greater than 15, thereby obtaining a product meeting the requirements. The relationship among the indexes of the laminated glass 120, such as the main image reflectance RL ₁, the sub-image reflectance RL ₂, the main image transmittance TL ₁, and the sub-image transmittance TL ₂, is as follows:

As the total visible light transmittance of the laminated glass 120 increases, the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the laminated glass 120 also increases. With the P-polarized light reflectivity Rp kept unchanged, the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the laminated glass 120 has a maximum value when the natural light 2000 is incident at an incident angle of 70 °. For example, the maximum value of the main image transmittance TL ₁ of example a is 54.3%, the maximum value of the main image transmittance TL ₁ of example B is 61.4%, and the maximum value of the main image transmittance TL ₁ of example C is 68.2%.

When natural light 2000 is incident at an incident angle of 70 °, as the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the laminated glass 120 increases, the ratio RR ₁₂ of the main image reflectance RL ₁ and the sub-image reflectance RL ₂ of the laminated glass 120, and the ratio TT ₁₂ of the main image transmittance TL ₁ and the sub-image transmittance TL ₂ decrease.

When the natural light 2000 is incident at an incident angle of 70 ° and both the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the laminated glass 120 and the P-polarized light reflectance Rp of the functional reflection layer 20 are unchanged, the larger the S-polarized light reflectance Rs of the functional reflection layer 20 is, the larger the ratio RR ₁₂ of the main image reflectance RL ₁ and the sub-image reflectance RL ₂ of the laminated glass 120 is.

The present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples, but is not limited to the following examples.

Referring to fig. 13 and 14, fig. 13 is a graph showing S-polarized light reflectivity and P-polarized light reflectivity of the projected light 111 incident on the functional reflective layer 20 of the laminated glass 120 shown in fig. 9, and fig. 14 is a graph showing light source relative emission spectra of two display screens.

Examples 1 to 2

Examples 1-2 are specific structural examples of the laminated glass 120 in the second embodiment described above. The outer sheet glass 11, the inner sheet glass 12, the intermediate layer 13, the light blocking layer 14 and the functional reflection layer 20 in examples 1-2 were prepared. A light blocking layer 14 is provided on the second surface 102 of the outer sheet glass 11. Wherein the light blocking layer 14 covers a portion of the second surface 102 located in the shielding region 123 and a portion of the second surface 102 located in the opaque display region 122 b. The inner sheet glass 12 and the outer sheet glass 11 having the light blocking layer 14 were joined together through the intermediate layer 13, thereby obtaining the glass substrate 10 in examples 1-2.

The functional reflective layer 20 is screen printed using a mirror ink on the fourth surface 104 of the inner glass sheet 12 and sintered at high temperature. Wherein the main mass components of the mirror ink are 98.4% of TiO ₂ and 0.85% of SiO ₂. The mirror ink is printed on the fourth surface 104 in a specific location and pattern. After high temperature sintering at 550 ℃ to 690 ℃, the mirror ink adheres strongly to the fourth surface 104. The mirror ink has high reflection effect and transparent visual effect of mirror after sintering, and also has good hardness, wear resistance and the like. The visible light reflectance of the single side surface of the functional reflection layer 20 at different incident angles is shown in table 2, and a graph of S-polarized light reflectance Rs and P-polarized light reflectance Rp of the functional reflection layer 20 is shown in fig. 12. As can be seen from fig. 13, when the projection light 111 is incident on the functional reflective layer 20 at an incident angle of 70 °, the P-polarized light reflectivity Rp is low, and the S-polarized light reflectivity curve and the P-polarized light reflectivity curve at the 400nm to 700nm band are approximately flat and linearly changed. Wherein ΔDs is 0.42% and ΔDp is 0.34%.

TABLE 2

Example 1 clear glass having a thickness of 2.1mm was used for both the outer glass 11 and the inner glass 12, and a light gray PVB having a thickness of 0.76mm was used for the interlayer 13. In the direction from the shielding region 123 to the viewing region 121, the light gray PVB gradually becomes lighter in color. In embodiment 1, the main image transmittance of the field of view 121 to the natural light 2000 incident at the incident angle of 0 ° is 88.8%.

Example 2 Green insulating glass with a thickness of 2.1mm was used for the outer glass 11, green glass with a thickness of 2.1mm was used for the inner glass 12, and PVB with a thickness of 0.76mm was used for the interlayer 13. In embodiment 2, the main image transmittance of the field of view 121 to the natural light 2000 incident at the incident angle of 0 ° is 74.6%.

Two kinds of display screens were used as the projection devices 110, respectively, which were disposed below the functional display areas 122 of the laminated glass 120 of examples 1-2, and projected image information. At this time, the light of the two display screens is mainly incident on the eyes of the observer as S-polarized light. Information such as the sharpness of the display image is observed and recorded at the set observation position 3000, and the simulation measurement results are shown in table 3. The incident angle at the center of the opaque display area 122b from the observation position 3000 is 70.5 °, the incident angle at the center of the functional display area 122 from the observation position 3000 is 70.0 °, and the incident angle at the side of the field of view 121 near the functional display area 122 from the observation position 3000 is 68 °. The refraction angle, reflectance, transmittance, light intensity, etc. of the light at the interfaces of the viewing area 121, the functional display area 122, and the opaque display area 122b of the laminated glass 120, respectively, can be calculated using Snell's Law, fresnel Formula, and Lambert-Beer's Law.

In addition, for convenience of description, the above two display screens are classified into a first display screen and a second display screen. The first display screen is a TFT-LCD display screen, and the second display screen is an OLED display screen. Wherein the second display screen is provided with an S-polarization film. The first display screen and the second display screen both adopt S polarized light incidence, and the graph of the relative emission spectrum of the light source is shown in fig. 14.

TABLE 3 Table 3

As can be seen from the above experimental results, in embodiment 1, the ratio TT ₁₂ of the main image transmittance TL ₁ and the sub image transmittance TL ₂ of the functional display area 122 is 105, and the ratio RR ₁₂ of the main image reflectance RL ₁ and the sub image reflectance RL ₂ of the functional display area 122 is 52.5. Meanwhile, from the observation position 3000 people observe the central position of the function display area 122, the information outside the vehicle of the function display area 122 is very clear. The ratio RR ₁₂ of the main image reflectance RL ₁ and the sub-image reflectance RL ₂ of the opaque display region 122b is greater than 100. In addition, the outside information of the visual field area 121 is very clear when the visual field area 121 is observed from the observation position 3000 on the side close to the functional display area 122. In embodiment 2, the ratio TT ₁₂ of the main image transmittance TL ₁ and the sub-image transmittance TL ₂ of the functional display region 122 is 40, and the ratio RR ₁₂ of the main image reflectance RL ₁ and the sub-image reflectance RL ₂ of the functional display region 122 is 20. Meanwhile, from the observation position 3000 people observe the central position of the function display area 122, the information outside the vehicle of the function display area 122 is very clear. The ratio RR ₁₂ of the main image reflectance RL ₁ and the sub-image reflectance RL ₂ of the opaque display region 122b is greater than 100. in addition, the viewing area 121 is observed from the observation position 3000 on the side close to the functional display area 122, and the information on the outside of the viewing area 121 is clear. This shows that the laminated glasses 120 of examples 1-2 each have the capability of displaying image information in the functional display area 122 and each have a certain visibility to the image display information. Among them, the laminated glass 120 of example 2 had a better and brighter display effect of the information on the outside of the vehicle. Meanwhile, the method has the effect of information outside the automobile, has clear visibility on the information outside the automobile, and almost does not feel transmission ghost. Among them, the reflection ghost of the laminated glass 120 of example 1 was hardly visible. The reflection ghost of the laminated glass 120 of example 2 is acceptable in the daytime conventional scene performance, and is slightly reflected ghost in the nighttime low-luminance scene or with a low-luminance background (such as a reflection image on a black engine cover), which is related to factors such as the actual use scene, the observation distance, the human eye vision, and the like.

In embodiment 1, the ratio Q of the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the functional display region 122 to the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the adjacent field of view region 121 is 40.5%. In embodiment 2, the ratio Q of the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the functional display region 122 to the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the adjacent field of view region 121 is 84.0%. Compared with embodiment 1, the ratio Q of the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the functional display region 122 to the main image transmittance TL ₁ of the adjacent field of view region 121 in embodiment 2 is larger. This indicates that the transparency transition between the functional display area 122 and the visual field area 121 in embodiment 2 is more gentle and the visual effect is better.

In addition, the S-polarized light reflectance curve and the P-polarized light reflectance curve of the functional reflective layer 20 in examples 1-2 each changed approximately linearly. The color reflected by the laminated glass 120 is directly related to the display screen light source parameters, and the virtual image which is invisible to the human eye is color cast under the parameter setting of the first display screen and the second display screen. This shows that when the main image reflectance curve of the functional reflection layer 20 changes approximately linearly, it is more convenient to adjust the display color of the image information displayed by the laminated glass 120, so that a good display effect of the laminated glass 120 can be ensured.

The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the more detailed description of embodiments of the application, wherein the principles and embodiments of the application are explained in detail using specific examples, the above examples being provided solely to facilitate the understanding of the method and core concepts of the application; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present application, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present application in view of the above.

Claims

1. The laminated glass is characterized by comprising a glass substrate and a functional reflecting layer, wherein the glass substrate comprises an outer piece of glass, an inner piece of glass and an intermediate layer, the outer piece of glass and the inner piece of glass are arranged at intervals and are opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the glass substrate, and the intermediate layer is positioned between the outer piece of glass and the inner piece of glass;

The glass substrate comprises an inner surface, the functional reflecting layer is arranged on the inner surface, and the functional reflecting layer is used for reflecting projection light;

The laminated glass comprises a visual field area, a functional display area and a shielding area, wherein the functional display area comprises at least one semitransparent display area positioned between the visual field area and the shielding area, the total visible light transmittance of the semitransparent display area is smaller than or equal to that of the visual field area and is larger than that of the shielding area, and the semitransparent display area is at least partially covered by the functional reflecting layer;

The main image transmittance TL ₁ of the part of the semitransparent display area covered by the functional reflecting layer is more than or equal to 10 percent;

The ratio TT ₁₂ of the main image transmittance TL ₁ and the sub-image transmittance TL ₂ of the part of the semitransparent display area covered by the functional reflecting layer is more than or equal to 15.

2. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the main image transmittance TL ₁% or more, or TL ₁% or more, of the portion of the translucent display region covered by the functionally reflective layer is equal to or more than 20%.

3. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein a ratio TT ₁₂ of a main image transmittance TL ₁ and a sub image transmittance TL ₂ of a portion of the translucent display region covered by the functional reflective layer is not less than 20.

4. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the functional reflective layer has an S-polarized light reflectance R _S for S-polarized light, the functional reflective layer has a P-polarized light reflectance R _P for P-polarized light, the P-polarized light reflectance R _P is smaller than the S-polarized light reflectance R _S, and a ratio K of the S-polarized light reflectance R _S to the P-polarized light reflectance R _P is 1.5 or more.

5. The laminated glass according to claim 4, wherein when the projected light is incident on the functional reflection layer at an incident angle of 70 °, the S-polarized light reflectance R _S is equal to or greater than 40%, the P-polarized light reflectance R _P <40%, or the P-polarized light reflectance R _P is equal to or less than 30%, or the P-polarized light reflectance R _P is equal to or less than 20%, or the P-polarized light reflectance R _P is equal to or less than 10%.

6. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the refractive index n of the functional reflective layer is not less than 1.7.

7. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the functionally reflective layer is a sol-gel coating.

8. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the material of the functional reflective layer comprises at least one of silicon nitride, silicon-metal-mixed nitride, aluminum nitride, gallium nitride, titanium nitride, tin oxide, manganese oxide, tungsten oxide, niobium oxide, bismuth oxide, titanium oxide, tin-zinc-mixed oxide, zirconium oxide, scandium oxide, yttrium oxide, tantalum oxide, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, tellurium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, zinc oxide, indium oxide, or transition metal oxide.

9. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a main image transmittance TL ₁ of a portion of the translucent display region covered by the functional reflective layer is constant or a main image transmittance TL ₁ of a portion of the translucent display region covered by the functional reflective layer is gradually increased in a direction from the translucent display region to the viewing region.

10. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the functional display region further comprises an opaque display region having a main image transmittance of less than 10%, the opaque display region being located on a side of a translucent display region adjacent to the shielding region, and a total visible light transmittance of the opaque display region being less than a total visible light transmittance of the translucent display region.

11. The laminated glass according to claim 10, wherein the opaque display area is at least partially covered by the functionally reflective layer.

12. The laminated glass of claim 10, wherein the functional display area further comprises at least one first extended display area located in the mask area, the first extended display area being connected to an opaque display area, the first extended display area being at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer, the first extended display area having a total visible light transmittance that is less than or equal to a total visible light transmittance of the opaque display area.

13. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the functional display area further comprises at least one second extended display area located in the viewing area, the second extended display area being connected to the translucent display area, the second extended display area being at least partially covered by the functional reflective layer, the second extended display area having a total visible light transmittance that is greater than or equal to the total visible light transmittance of the translucent display area.

14. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein a ratio F of an area of the translucent display region to an area of the functional display region is 10% +.f.ltoreq.100%.

15. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein a ratio Q of the total visible light transmittance of a portion of the translucent display region covered by the functional reflective layer to the total visible light transmittance of the adjacent field of view region is 0.3.ltoreq.q.ltoreq.1, or 0.5.ltoreq.q.ltoreq.1, or 0.8.ltoreq.q.ltoreq.1, or 0.9.ltoreq.q.ltoreq.1.

16. A vehicle comprising a projection device and a laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 15, the projection device being arranged to emit the projection light towards the laminated glass.