CN1278149C - Double cladding rare-earth doped optical fiber and its mfg. method - Google Patents
Double cladding rare-earth doped optical fiber and its mfg. method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1278149C CN1278149C CN 200410029810 CN200410029810A CN1278149C CN 1278149 C CN1278149 C CN 1278149C CN 200410029810 CN200410029810 CN 200410029810 CN 200410029810 A CN200410029810 A CN 200410029810A CN 1278149 C CN1278149 C CN 1278149C
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title abstract description 55
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- -1 rare-earth compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical group [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IEXRMSFAVATTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachlorogermane Chemical compound Cl[Ge](Cl)(Cl)Cl IEXRMSFAVATTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JWKGSQBJYQRIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Si](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl Chemical compound [O].[Si](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl JWKGSQBJYQRIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a double-cladding rare-earth doped optical fiber and a manufacture method thereof. The optical fiber of the present invention is composed of a rare-earth doped fiber core, an inner envelope, an outer envelope and a protective layer. The manufacture method of the double-cladding rare-earth doped optical fiber comprises the steps: depositing a silicon dioxide doped layer on the inner wall of a quartz lining pipe in a circular pipe shape by a deposition method in pipes for forming the inner cladding; depositing and forming a rare-earth doped core layer; melting and shrinking a deposition pipe on a stick shrinkage device into a solid prefabrication stick after the core layer is deposited; evaporating and controlling rare-earth compounds and the vapor of other codoped agents required in reaction by a special gas holder and a high-temperature flow meter; mechanically processing the prefabrication stick into a scheduled geometric shape; drawing wires and coating the outer cladding and the protective layer; solidifying the outer cladding and the protective layer to obtain the double-cladding rare-earth doped optical fiber. The double-cladding rare-earth doped optical fiber of the present invention improves the absorption efficiency of pumping light and improves the gain of optical fiber lasers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to double clad rare earth doped fiber that a kind of fiber laser uses and preparation method thereof, particularly the structure of this double clad rare earth doped fiber, manufacture method.
Background technology
Fiber laser is one of focus of paying close attention to of laser field people in recent years, particularly be applied to the optical fiber communication window 1.55 mum wavelengths fiber laser and be applied to the military and the development of the high-capacity optical fiber laser of industrial processes more swift and violent.Technology such as the accent Q of conventional laser device, locked mode also all have been incorporated in the fiber laser, and this has not only widened the research field of fiber laser, and has promoted the development of laser technology.Under same output power, the beam quality of fiber laser, optical transfer characteristic, reliability and volume size etc. all take advantage, in addition because the reduction of optical fiber cost and be easy to realize characteristics such as streamlined and production in enormous quantities, this not only causes the interest of scientists, and more attracts the very big concern of industrial community brainstrust.Fiber laser proposes in the sixties in last century at first, but makes slow progress always, and until the development and the application of low loss fiber manufacturing technology and semiconductor laser, the side has brought new prospect for fiber laser.
Fiber laser, is compared with block laser medium as laser medium with doped fiber, has following significant advantage: elongated being easy to of medium dispelled the heat; In the LD light-pumped solid state laser, owing to heat concentrates in the small size, and heat-delivery surface is smaller, belongs to the internal difficulty.Adopt optical fiber to make laser medium, it is big about 1,000 times that the lump-shaped media of its surface area ratio equal volume is wanted, thereby alleviated heat dissipation problem greatly; Laser transverse mode is determined than NA by the core diameter and the numerical aperture of optical fiber, can not change because of the thermal deformation of medium, thereby is easy to reach single transverse mode, general beam quality factor M2≤1.3, and what have can reach 1.05; By carrying out optical pumping than the inner cladding of long-pending big at least one magnitude of core cross sections, pump light enters inner cladding and gets final product, rather than pump-coupling is to the fibre core of single mode, thereby is easy to reach high-level efficiency and high power.
In the early stage fiber laser, operation material is a single mode list cladded-fiber, pump light directly is coupled in the fibre core, and the core diameter of optical fiber has only 4～10 μ m, this just requires pump light is single mode, and the semiconductor laser output power of single mode has only the hundreds of milliwatt, and is subjected to the restriction of pumping area, large power pumping optical can't be coupled, thereby has had a strong impact on the output power of fiber laser.So fiber laser is considered to the miniwatt optoelectronic device always.At the end of the eighties, the researchist of Cambridge Polaroid Corp and Britain University of Southampton has been developed cladding-pump fiber laser, has designed doubly clad optical fiber.This doubly clad optical fiber has two coverings outside fibre core, inner cladding plays the multimode conduit effect that makes laser constrain in the fiber core with single-mold and become pump light, and surrounding layer is limited in pump light within the inner cladding.The diameter of inner cladding is generally the hundreds of micron, and in this case, pump light need not single mode, available high power multiple die semiconductor laser instrument is done pumping source, a part couples light in the fibre core, and major part couples light in the inner cladding, and the light in the inner cladding is limited by surrounding layer, between inner cladding, come back reflective, constantly pass fibre core, constantly be absorbed, so pump light is coupled into optical fiber at an end of optical fiber, on the whole length of optical fiber,, improved pump power greatly by pumping.Doubly clad optical fiber has improved pump power, but has reduced pumping efficiency, this be because the pump light incoming position different with angle, enter optical fiber after, the forms of motion of light can be divided into meridional ray and deviated light line.Deviated light line and fibre core are non-intersect, and the absorptivity of this light is very low, have therefore influenced pumping efficiency.By the design of internal cladding structure, can improve the pumping efficiency of doubly clad optical fiber.
In recent years, the research and development to based on the cladding pumping technology of doubly clad optical fiber make the output power of fiber laser improve three orders of magnitude, thereby have broken through the low application bottleneck of its output power, have broad application prospects in fields such as industry and communications.No matter double-clad optical fiber laser is in volume, heat radiation, efficient, still at aspects such as beam qualities, all have a clear superiority in than laser diode-pumped all solid state laser with constant power, this novel fiber laser is except optical communication, Laser Processing and Large Screen Laser Display, the prospect that also has a very wide range of applications on military, national defence and energy field is expected to substitute existing bulky gas or solid laser system.Such as can be used as military Multifunction Lasers, in laser ranging, laser target designator, laser guidance, photoelectronic warfare, Active laser interference, laser radar, obtain to use.
Rare earth ion is easy to the cluster phenomenon takes place in quartz substrate, thereby the concentration of the rare earth ion that mixes in the optical fiber is limited, is difficult to satisfy the gain requirement of fiber laser.Because the doping content of pure silica fibre can not be too high, low concentration, the low absorption cause the abundant absorbing light pump power of the very long ability of optical fiber, but adopt communication optical fiber technology, and the background of core is absorbed in 5-10dB/km.The influence that background absorbs is very little.The doping content of glass optical fiber can exceed one more than the magnitude, must optical fiber absorption length can lack many, but since degree of glass purity generally be difficult to improve, high many of background absorptance communication optical fiber, for example the influence that absorbs of 0.3dB/m background is bigger.
Adopt the preparation technology of telecommunication optical fiber in optical fiber, to mix the reunion effect that co-dopant such as aluminium oxide, phosphorous oxide can be improved rare earth ion simultaneously, increase the rare earth ion concentration in the optical fiber.Because purity of raw materials is higher, not only guaranteed the high-dopant concentration while but also prevent that the background absorption is excessive.
Present double clad rare earth doped fiber is by rear-earth-doped fibre core and large-sized inner cladding, and the bigger surrounding layer composition of size, and the inner cladding shape has circle, rectangle, polygon, D shape and other geometric configuration.Core and inner cladding all are the waveguides of leaded light, and pump light transmits by inner cladding, and enter fibre core, and the activated rare earth ion produces laser.Inner cladding also is the waveguide of leaded light for pump light, and inner cladding has enough big numerical aperture so surrounding layer should have low-refraction n3, and inner cladding also will have enough big sectional area, can import sufficiently high luminous power when making the end face optical pumping.
The subject matter that exists in the double clad rare earth doped fiber manufacturing process is that the doping content that improves various rare earth ions keeps its low background loss simultaneously.The double clad rare earth doped fiber will adopt suitable structure to guarantee fiber laser higher slope efficiency and output power to be arranged in addition.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides double clad rare earth doped fiber and manufacture method thereof, this method can solve the problems referred to above that exist in the double clad rare earth doped fiber manufacturing process, utilize the slope efficiency of double clad rare earth doped fiber and the manufacturing that concerns of gain and optical fiber structure to be applied to the double clad rare earth doped fiber of fiber laser, improve the pumping efficiency and the output power of double clad rare earth doped fiber laser instrument.
The manufacture method of a kind of double clad rare earth doped fiber provided by the invention comprises step:
Make the prefabricated rods of rare earth doped fiber, may further comprise the steps:
In the quartz glass bushing pipe, feed silicon tetrachloride and oxygen and adulterant and deposit, form inner cladding;
Evenly mix with oxygen silicon tetrachloride, rare earth compound and co-dopant evaporation back, with the flow of flowmeter pilot-gas, is passed into the interior directly deposition of quartz glass tube and forms the sandwich layer of mixing rare earth;
After deposition is finished, on shrinking bar equipment with the molten solid preform that is condensed to of deposited tube;
Described prefabricated rods is carried out machining form predetermined geometric configuration;
Heat described prefabricated rods and carry out wire drawing;
Apply surrounding layer; By ultraviolet light polymerization or by the heat curing surrounding layer;
Armor coated; By ultraviolet light polymerization or by the heat curing protective seam;
Wherein, comprise specifically that in the step of the described sandwich layer of deposition the co-dopant evaporation back with silicon tetrachloride or germanium tetrachloride or phosphorus oxychloride or their any combination feeds in the quartz glass tube, deposit for 1200 ℃-1700 ℃ with temperature then, after the rare earth sandwich layer is mixed in formation, with rare earth compound solution to described sandwich layer soak, the dry sandwich layer that forms rare earth doped fiber;
The Doped Rare Earth element compound is one or more of the halogenide of erbium, ytterbium, thulium and lanthanum etc. or oxide in the described fibre core, and doping content is 500-20000ppm; Co-dopant is one or more of compound of germanium, aluminium and phosphorus, and the doping percentage by weight is 2-40wt%; Adulterant in the described inner cladding is SF
6Or C
2F
6, to reduce refractive index.
According to the manufacture method of above-mentioned double clad rare earth doped fiber of the present invention, described prefabricated rods of wherein said heating and the step of carrying out wire drawing are prefabricated rods to be heated to 1800-2100 ℃ carry out wire drawing; The wherein said rare earth fibre core of mixing is by MCVD method or PCVD manufactured, and described inner cladding is by MCVD method or PCVD method, OVD method or tiretube process manufacturing.
According to the manufacture method of above-mentioned double clad rare earth doped fiber of the present invention, wherein described prefabricated rods being carried out the step that machining forms predetermined geometric configuration is that described prefabricated rods is processed into D shape, rectangle, polygon, circle, ellipse, quincunx.
The invention provides a kind of double clad rare earth doped fiber, comprising:
Mix the rare earth fibre core;
Cover the described inner cladding of mixing rare earth fibre core periphery, have predetermined geometric configuration, its size and numerical aperture are more much bigger than described fibre core;
Cover the surrounding layer on the described inner cladding;
Cover the protective seam on the described surrounding layer; It is characterized in that:
The described material of mixing the rare earth fibre core is the silicon dioxide that is mixed with rare-earth compound and co-dopant;
The material of described inner cladding is the silicon dioxide that is mixed with adulterant;
The material of described surrounding layer is the low organic compound of refractive index ratio inner cladding;
The material of described protective seam is the organic compound that is different from surrounding layer;
Described diameter d 1 scope of mixing the rare earth fibre core is 10 μ m≤d1≤200 μ m, and described refractive index n 1 scope of mixing the rare earth fibre core is 1.457＜n1≤1.467;
Described mix halogenide that Doped Rare Earth element compound in the rare earth fibre core is erbium, ytterbium, thulium and lanthanum or oxide one or more, doping content is 500-20000ppm; Co-dopant is one or more of compound of germanium, aluminium and phosphorus, and the doping percentage by weight is 2-40wt%;
Adulterant in the described inner cladding is SF
6Or C
2F
6, to reduce refractive index.
According to above-mentioned double clad rare earth doped fiber of the present invention, it is characterized in that the diameter d 2 of described inner cladding is effective diameter, the prespecified geometric of described inner cladding is D shape, rectangle, polygon, circle, ellipse, quincunx.
The invention provides and be applied to double clad rare earth doped fiber and the manufacturing process technology thereof that fiber laser is used, the inner cladding of doubly clad optical fiber has circle, ellipse, rectangle, polygon, D shape, quincunx and other geometric configuration, thereby has improved the pumping efficiency and the output power of fiber laser; Utilize the manufacturing technology of telecommunication optical fiber, make the manufacture method of double clad rare earth doped fiber easy, improved utilization rate of raw materials, reduced manufacturing cost.This method can accurately be controlled the doping content and the uniform doping of various adulterants, accurately controls the size of fibre core and inner cladding, thereby improves the performance index of double clad rare earth doped fiber.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the double clad rare earth doped fiber schematic cross-section of D shape for inner cladding of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the double clad rare earth doped fiber schematic cross-section of rectangle for inner cladding of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is quincuncial double clad rare earth doped fiber schematic cross-section for inner cladding of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is hexagonal double clad rare earth doped fiber schematic cross-section for inner cladding of the present invention.
Embodiment
The gordian technique of cladding pumping is the design and the manufacturing of doubly clad optical fiber.The double clad rare earth doped fiber is made of four parts: (1) mixes the rare earth fibre core, (2) inner cladding, (3) surrounding layer, (4) protective seam.Mix the rare earth fibre core and constitute by the silicon dioxide that is mixed with rare earth compound and co-dopant, in fiber laser as laser medium, also as the waveguide of single-mode laser; Inner cladding by pure silicon dioxide or the silicon dioxide that is mixed with the element that reduces refractive index constitute, its lateral dimension and numerical aperture are more much bigger than fibre core; Surrounding layer is made of the silicon dioxide or the organic polymer that are mixed with elements such as fluorine; Protective seam is made of organic polymer.The rare earth compound of mixing in the rare earth fibre core is that atomic number is 57～71 halogenide or oxide, for example ErCl
3, ErBr
3, YbCl
3, TmCl
3, TmBr
3, LaCl
3, ErBr
3, Yb
2O
3, Tm
2O
3Or Er
2O
3, doping content is 500～20000ppm; Alloy is SF
6Or C
2F
6, co-dopant is the compound of germanium, aluminium and phosphorus, as AlCl
3, POCl
3Or GeCl
4, the percentage by weight of doping is 2～40wt%; The evaporating temperature of rare earth compound is 100～300 ℃, and the evaporating temperature of co-dopant is 20～300 ℃.Rare earth compound, sandwich layer alloy and co-dopant were carried out heat tracing before entering reaction tube after the evaporation, temperature range is 20～300 ℃.
Because pump light is the multimode transmission in inner cladding, and inner cladding has bigger lateral dimension and numerical aperture, thereby can select powerful multimode laser diode array to make pumping source, has so just improved coupling efficiency greatly and has gone into fine pump power.Simultaneously, because the pumping light power in the optical fiber is bigger, therefore can improve the output power of fiber laser.In addition, the absorption efficiency of pump light is relevant with the shape of inner cladding.Light in the inner cladding is limited by surrounding layer, comes back reflective between inner cladding, constantly passes fibre core, constantly is absorbed, so pump light is coupled into optical fiber at an end of optical fiber, by pumping, has improved pump power greatly on the whole length of optical fiber.Doubly clad optical fiber has improved pump power, but has reduced pumping efficiency, this be because the pump light incoming position different with angle, enter optical fiber after, the forms of motion of light can be divided into meridional ray and deviated light line.Deviated light line and fibre core are non-intersect, and the absorptivity of this light is very low, have therefore influenced pumping efficiency.Therefore by changing the shape of inner cladding, make inner cladding have circle, ellipse, rectangle, polygon, D shape, quincunx and other geometric configuration, change the direction of deviated light fibre, make it, thereby improve pumping efficiency by fibre core.
Produced according to the present invention this mixed rare earth doubly clad optical fiber prefabricated rods and be may further comprise the steps: feed silicon tetrachloride, oxygen and alloy and deposit in quartz glass tube, form inner cladding, evenly mix with oxygen after then silicon tetrachloride, rare earth compound and co-dopant being adopted evaporator evaporation, be passed at last to deposit in the quartz glass tube and form the sandwich layer of mixing rare earth, and with flowmeter control all gases flow, after deposition is finished, on shrinking bar equipment with the molten solid preform that is condensed to of deposited tube.
As selection, the present invention prepares this and mixes rare earth doubly clad optical fiber prefabricated rods and may further comprise the steps: feed silicon tetrachloride in quartz glass tube, oxygen and alloy deposit, form inner cladding, then with silicon tetrachloride, germanium tetrachloride, rare earth compound and co-dopant are mixed together evenly with oxygen after adopting evaporator evaporation, with flowmeter control all gases flow, be passed into deposition in the quartz glass tube at last, and reduce the sandwich layer that rare earth is mixed in ℃ of-1700 ℃ formation of depositing temperature to 1200, with rare earth compound solution above-mentioned sandwich layer is soaked, the dry sandwich layer that forms, after deposition is finished, on shrinking bar equipment with the molten solid preform that is condensed to of deposited tube.
In the process of this rare earth doped fiber prefabricated rods of above-mentioned preparation, the structural parameters that make prefabricated rods by the control to gas flow are corresponding with the structural parameters of designed double clad rare earth doped fiber.The prefabricated rods of double clad rare earth doped fiber of the present invention adopts the sandwich layer of sedimentation deposition prefabricated rods in the pipe, the silicon dioxide layer of dopant deposition on the quartz liner inwall of tubular.Fibre core is by MCVD method or PCVD manufactured, and inner cladding is by MCVD method or PCVD method or OVD manufactured.Reacting required rare earth compound and other co-dopant steam adopts special-purpose gas holder and high temperature flowmeter to evaporate and controls.
Method for preparing mix rare earth doubly clad optical fiber prefabricated rods according to designed inner cladding shape, carry out machining, inner cladding is processed into the geometric configuration identical with optical fiber.The coating of surrounding layer is at first carried out in the prefabricated rods that processes wire drawing on wire-drawer-tower during wire drawing, coating material is the low organic compound of refractive index ratio inner cladding, and this organic compound is by ultraviolet light polymerization or by heat curing.Then optical fiber is carried out applying the second time, promptly armor coated, coating material is the organic compound that is different from surrounding layer, by ultraviolet light polymerization or by heat curing.
Describe the present invention in detail in conjunction with a plurality of embodiment of the present invention below with reference to accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the double clad rare earth doped fiber of first embodiment of the present invention.This is a kind of double clad Yb dosed optical fiber, mixes rare earth fibre core (1) and covers inner cladding (2) in the periphery, and the cross section of inner cladding (2) is a D shape, goes up at inner cladding (2) and covers surrounding layer (3), goes up protective mulch (4) at surrounding layer (3).The diameter d 1 of fibre core (1) is 30 μ m, and the refractive index n 1 of fibre core (1) is 1.467; The diameter d 2 of inner cladding (2) is 400 μ m, and the refractive index n 2 of inner cladding (2) is 1.457; The diameter d 3 of surrounding layer (3) is 600 μ m, and the refractive index n 3 of surrounding layer (3) is 1.40; The diameter d 4 of protective seam (4) is 700 μ m.
Following mask body is narrated the preparation process of this double clad Yb dosed optical fiber.At first prepare prefabricated rods: in quartz glass tube, feed silicon tetrachloride, oxygen deposits, form inner cladding (2), then with silicon tetrachloride, rare earth compound Yb
2O
3And co-dopant AlCl
3Be mixed together evenly with oxygen after adopting evaporator evaporation, be passed at last and deposit the sandwich layer (1) that rare earth is mixed in formation, rare earth compound Yb in the quartz glass tube
2O
3Evaporating temperature be 200 ℃, co-dopant AlCl
3Evaporating temperature be 200 ℃; After deposition is finished, on shrinking bar equipment with the molten solid preform that is condensed to of deposited tube.Subsequently prefabricated rods is carried out machining, be processed into the prefabricated rods that shape is a D shape.Wire drawing on wire-drawer-tower then, wire-drawing temperature are 1800-2100 ℃, and optimum temperature is 2000 ℃, at first carry out the coating of surrounding layer (3) during wire drawing, carry out the coating of protective seam (4) then.
The slope efficiency of the double clad Yb dosed optical fiber that the foregoing description obtains reaches 70%.
Fig. 2 is the double clad Yb dosed optical fiber of second embodiment of the present invention, is mixing the peripheral inner cladding (2) that covers of rare earth fibre core (1), and the cross section of inner cladding (2) is a rectangle, goes up at inner cladding (2) and covers surrounding layer (3), goes up protective mulch (4) at surrounding layer (3).The diameter d 1 of fibre core (1) is 50 μ m, and the refractive index n 1 of fibre core (1) is 1.460; The rectangular dimension of inner cladding (2) is 350 * 170 μ m, and the refractive index n 2 of inner cladding is 1.457; The diameter d 3 of surrounding layer (3) is 600 μ m, and the refractive index n 3 of surrounding layer (3) is 1.40; The diameter d 4 of protective seam (4) is 700 μ m.
The preparation process of this double clad Yb dosed optical fiber is as follows.At first prepare prefabricated rods: in quartz glass tube, feed silicon tetrachloride, oxygen deposits, form inner cladding (2), then with silicon tetrachloride, rare earth compound Yb
2O
3And co-dopant AlCl
3Be mixed together evenly with oxygen after adopting evaporator evaporation, be passed at last and deposit the sandwich layer (1) that rare earth is mixed in formation, rare earth compound Yb in the quartz glass tube
2O
3Evaporating temperature be 200 ℃, co-dopant AlCl
3Evaporating temperature be 200 ℃; After deposition is finished, on shrinking bar equipment with the molten solid preform that is condensed to of deposited tube.Subsequently prefabricated rods is carried out machining, be processed into the prefabricated rods that shape is a rectangle.Wire drawing on wire-drawer-tower then, wire-drawing temperature are 1800-2100 ℃, and optimum temperature is 1950 ℃, at first carry out the coating of surrounding layer (3) during wire drawing, carry out the coating of protective seam (4) then.
The slope efficiency of the double clad Yb dosed optical fiber that the foregoing description obtains reaches 68%.
Fig. 3 is the double clad erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention; the double clad erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber is to cover inner cladding (2) in the periphery of mixing rare earth fibre core (1); the cross section of inner cladding (2) is quincunx; go up covering surrounding layer (3) at inner cladding (2), go up protective mulch (4) at surrounding layer (3).The diameter d 1 of fibre core (1) is 15 μ m, and the refractive index n 1 of fibre core (1) is 1.472; The quincuncial maximum diameter d 2 of inner cladding (2) is 400 μ m, and the refractive index n 2 of inner cladding (2) is 1.457; The diameter d 3 of surrounding layer (3) is 700 μ m, and the refractive index n 3 of surrounding layer (3) is 1.375; The diameter d 4 of protective seam (4) is 800 μ m.
The preparation process of this double clad erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber is as follows: the preparation that at first is prefabricated rods: feed silicon tetrachloride in quartz glass tube, oxygen deposits, form inner cladding (2), then with silicon tetrachloride, rare earth compound Yb
2O
3And Er
2O
3And co-dopant AlCl
3Be mixed together evenly with oxygen after adopting evaporator evaporation, be passed at last and deposit the sandwich layer (1) that rare earth is mixed in formation, rare earth compound Yb in the quartz glass tube
2O
3And Er
2O
3Evaporating temperature be 200 ℃, co-dopant AlCl
3Evaporating temperature be 200 ℃; After deposition is finished, on shrinking bar equipment with the molten solid preform that is condensed to of deposited tube.Subsequently prefabricated rods is carried out machining, being processed into shape is quincuncial prefabricated rods.Wire drawing on wire-drawer-tower then, wire-drawing temperature are 1800-2100 ℃, and optimum temperature is 2050 ℃, at first carry out the coating of surrounding layer (3) during wire drawing, carry out the coating of protective seam (4) then.
The slope efficiency of the double clad erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber that the foregoing description obtains reaches 79%.
Fig. 4 is the double clad doped fiber of the 4th embodiment of the present invention.The cross section of this optical fiber inner cladding (2) is a hexagon.This double clad doped fiber can adopt any manufacture method preparation in the foregoing description, and different is that prefabricated rods is processed into hexagonal shape, therefore at this repeated description no longer.
Though with embodiment optical fiber structure of the present invention and preparation method are described above, but should understand that these narrations are illustrative, rather than be used to limit the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art is according to top instruction, can carry out various modifications and variations and do not depart from the scope of the present invention.For example prefabricated rods can also be processed into polygon, circle, ellipse and other geometric configuration, thereby can be made into the inner cladding of respective shapes; Can select alloy and co-dopant and evaporating temperature thereof or the like as required.
Claims (5)
1. double clad rare earth doped fiber comprises:
Mix the rare earth fibre core;
Cover the described inner cladding of mixing rare earth fibre core periphery, have predetermined geometric configuration, its size and numerical aperture are more much bigger than described fibre core;
Cover the surrounding layer on the described inner cladding;
Cover the protective seam on the described surrounding layer; It is characterized in that:
The described material of mixing the rare earth fibre core is the silicon dioxide that is mixed with rare-earth compound and co-dopant;
The material of described inner cladding is the silicon dioxide that is mixed with adulterant;
The material of described surrounding layer is the low organic compound of refractive index ratio inner cladding;
The material of described protective seam is the organic compound that is different from surrounding layer;
Described diameter d 1 scope of mixing the rare earth fibre core is 10 μ m≤d1≤200 μ m, and described refractive index n 1 scope of mixing the rare earth fibre core is 1.457＜n1≤1.467;
Diameter d 2 scopes of described inner cladding are 125 μ m≤d2≤600 μ m, and refractive index n 2 scopes of described inner cladding are 1.456≤n2≤1.457:
Diameter d 3 scopes of described surrounding layer are 250 μ m≤d3≤700 μ m, and refractive index n 3 scopes of described surrounding layer are 1.342≤n3≤1.448;
Diameter d 4 scopes of described protective seam are 350 μ m≤d4≤800 μ m;
Described mix halogenide that Doped Rare Earth element compound in the rare earth fibre core is erbium, ytterbium, thulium and lanthanum or oxide one or more, doping content is 500-20000ppm; Co-dopant is one or more of compound of germanium, aluminium and phosphorus, and the doping percentage by weight is 2-40wt%;
Adulterant in the described inner cladding is SF
6Or C
2F
6, to reduce refractive index.
2. double clad rare earth doped fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that the diameter d 2 of described inner cladding is effective diameter, and the prespecified geometric of described inner cladding is D shape, rectangle, polygon, circle, ellipse, quincunx.
3. the manufacture method of a double clad rare earth doped fiber comprises step:
Make the prefabricated rods of rare earth doped fiber, may further comprise the steps:
In the quartz glass bushing pipe, feed silicon tetrachloride and oxygen and adulterant and deposit, form inner cladding;
Evenly mix with oxygen silicon tetrachloride, rare earth compound and co-dopant evaporation back, with the flow of flowmeter pilot-gas, is passed into the interior directly deposition of quartz glass tube and forms the sandwich layer of mixing rare earth;
After deposition is finished, on shrinking bar equipment with the molten solid preform that is condensed to of deposited tube;
Described prefabricated rods is carried out machining form predetermined geometric configuration;
Heat described prefabricated rods and carry out wire drawing;
Apply surrounding layer; By ultraviolet light polymerization or by the heat curing surrounding layer;
Armor coated; By ultraviolet light polymerization or by the heat curing protective seam;
Wherein, comprise specifically that in the step of the described sandwich layer of deposition the co-dopant evaporation back with silicon tetrachloride or germanium tetrachloride or phosphorus oxychloride or their any combination feeds in the quartz glass tube, deposit for 1200 ℃-1700 ℃ with temperature then, after the rare earth sandwich layer is mixed in formation, with rare earth compound solution to described sandwich layer soak, the dry sandwich layer that forms rare earth doped fiber;
The Doped Rare Earth element compound is one or more of the halogenide of erbium, ytterbium, thulium and lanthanum or oxide in the described fibre core, and doping content is 500-20000ppm; Co-dopant is one or more of compound of germanium, aluminium and phosphorus, and the doping percentage by weight is 2-40wt%; Adulterant in the described inner cladding is SF
6Or C
2F
6, to reduce refractive index.
4. the manufacture method of double clad rare earth doped fiber according to claim 3, described prefabricated rods of wherein said heating and the step of carrying out wire drawing are prefabricated rods to be heated to 1800-2100 ℃ carry out wire drawing;
The wherein said rare earth fibre core of mixing is by MCVD method or PCVD manufactured, and described inner cladding is by MCVD method or PCVD method, OVD method or tiretube process manufacturing.
5. the manufacture method of double clad rare earth doped fiber according to claim 4, wherein described prefabricated rods being carried out the step that machining forms predetermined geometric configuration is that described prefabricated rods is processed into D shape, rectangle, polygon, circle, ellipse, quincunx.
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2004
- 2004-03-29 CN CN 200410029810 patent/CN1278149C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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