CN1276111C - Making process of composite copper-chromium oxide-chromium material - Google Patents
Making process of composite copper-chromium oxide-chromium material Download PDFInfo
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- CN1276111C CN1276111C CN 02114536 CN02114536A CN1276111C CN 1276111 C CN1276111 C CN 1276111C CN 02114536 CN02114536 CN 02114536 CN 02114536 A CN02114536 A CN 02114536A CN 1276111 C CN1276111 C CN 1276111C
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Abstract
Description
一、技术领域：1. Technical field:
本发明涉及一种材料的制造方法，尤其是涉及一种铜-氧化铬-铬复合材料的制造方法。The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a material, in particular to a method for manufacturing a copper-chromium oxide-chromium composite material.
二、背景技术：2. Background technology:
背景技术中，目前制造颗粒弥散强化铜基复合材料主要采用内氧化法，内氧化法的缺点在于要保证合金粉末中铝氧化而铜不发生氧化的氧分压很低，Po2＜10-4Pa，且范围很小，10-17＜Po2＜10-4Pa，因而难以检测和控制；另外，铝在铜中可以无限固溶而氧分压低的情况下，使得氧化过程相当缓慢，增加了制造难度，尤其是在应用Cu2O作氧化剂时，反应后期氧分压会明显降低，极难控制。In the background technology, at present, the internal oxidation method is mainly used in the manufacture of particle dispersion strengthened copper matrix composite materials. The disadvantage of the internal oxidation method is that the oxygen partial pressure to ensure that the aluminum in the alloy powder is oxidized and the copper does not oxidize is very low, Po 2 <10 -4 Pa, and the range is very small, 10 -17 <Po 2 <10 -4 Pa, so it is difficult to detect and control; in addition, aluminum can be dissolved in copper infinitely and the oxygen partial pressure is low, so the oxidation process is quite slow, increasing In addition to the difficulty of manufacture, especially when Cu 2 O is used as an oxidant, the oxygen partial pressure will decrease significantly in the later stage of the reaction, which is extremely difficult to control.
三、发明内容：3. Contents of the invention:
本发明为了解决上述背景技术中的不足之处，提供一种铜-氧化铬-铬复合材料的制造方法，用这种制造方法获得的铜-氧化铬-铬复合材料组织内外均匀，制造过程便于控制，制造周期短，成本低。The present invention provides a kind of manufacturing method of copper-chromium oxide-chromium composite material in order to solve the weak point in the above-mentioned background technology, the copper-chromium oxide-chromium composite material structure obtained by this manufacturing method is uniform inside and outside, and the manufacturing process is convenient control, short manufacturing cycle and low cost.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
一种铜-氧化铬-铬复合材料的制造方法，其特殊之处在于：将铬合金粉末预氧化，使铬合金粉末产生纳米层Cr2O3，然后将预氧化过的铬合金粉末的表面层破坏，将铬合金粉末与铜粉末混合，经过压制、烧结，烧制成坯料。A method for manufacturing a copper-chromium oxide-chromium composite material, which is special in that the chromium alloy powder is pre-oxidized so that the chromium alloy powder produces a nano-layer Cr 2 O 3 , and then the surface of the pre-oxidized chromium alloy powder is The layer is destroyed, the chromium alloy powder is mixed with the copper powder, pressed, sintered, and fired into a billet.
上述预氧化温度在600℃～700℃之间，时间为50～80分钟。The above-mentioned pre-oxidation temperature is between 600° C. and 700° C., and the time is 50 to 80 minutes.
将上述压制好的坯料在真空或还原气氛下烧结，真空度大于10-2Pa，在1020℃～1080℃温度下烧结2～3小时。Sintering the above-mentioned compacted billet in a vacuum or reducing atmosphere, the vacuum degree is greater than 10 -2 Pa, and sintering at a temperature of 1020° C. to 1080° C. for 2 to 3 hours.
在进行上述铬合金粉末表面层破坏时，球料比可以是5∶1。When the surface layer of the above-mentioned chromium alloy powder is destroyed, the ball-to-material ratio can be 5:1.
上述混合后的粉料进行压制后密度应达到理论密度的83％以上。The density of the above-mentioned mixed powder should reach more than 83% of the theoretical density after being pressed.
上述压制过程可以是冷等静压或模压。The above pressing process may be cold isostatic pressing or mold pressing.
上述铬合金粉末的预氧化温度可以是620℃，时间可以是60分钟。The pre-oxidation temperature of the chromium alloy powder may be 620° C., and the time may be 60 minutes.
上述坯料在真空下烧结时真空度可以是10-3Pa，1050℃烧结2.5小时。When the above blank is sintered under vacuum, the degree of vacuum may be 10 −3 Pa, and the sintering is performed at 1050° C. for 2.5 hours.
上述烧制好的坯料出炉后，经过冷锻或挤压，并进行固溶处理和时效处理。After the above-mentioned fired billets are released from the furnace, they are cold forged or extruded, and subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment.
本发明对照现有技术，其优点为：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of:
用本发明方法获得的铜-氧化铬-铬复合材料组织内外均匀，制造过程便于控制，制造周期短，节约了大量能源，相应降低了制造成本，并且仍可以通过热处理使材料或得高的导电率，从而为机械、电工及电子等行业提供高强度、高导电导热和高热稳定性新材料。The structure of the copper-chromium oxide-chromium composite material obtained by the method of the present invention is uniform inside and outside, the manufacturing process is easy to control, the manufacturing cycle is short, a large amount of energy is saved, the manufacturing cost is correspondingly reduced, and the material can still be obtained by heat treatment. High efficiency, so as to provide new materials with high strength, high electrical and thermal conductivity and high thermal stability for machinery, electrical and electronic industries.
四、具体实施方式：Fourth, the specific implementation method:
本发明利用铬在铜中固溶度有限的特点，通过对铬合金粉末进行预氧化，使铬合金粉末产生适量纳米层Cr2O3，然后通过粉末冶金法制造部分纳米颗粒弥散强化铜-氧化铬-铬复合材料，具体步骤如下：The present invention utilizes the characteristic of limited solid solubility of chromium in copper, pre-oxidizes the chromium alloy powder, so that the chromium alloy powder produces an appropriate amount of nano-layer Cr 2 O 3 , and then manufactures part of the nano-particle dispersion-strengthened copper-oxidation by powder metallurgy. Chromium-chromium composite material, the specific steps are as follows:
1、将铬合金粉末在600℃～700℃预氧化50～80分钟，氧化过程中铬合金粉末始终在一罐内旋转运动，以保证铬合金粉末能够均匀的预氧化。1. Pre-oxidize the chromium alloy powder at 600°C-700°C for 50-80 minutes. During the oxidation process, the chromium alloy powder is always rotating in a tank to ensure that the chromium alloy powder can be pre-oxidized uniformly.
2、将预氧化过的铬合金粉末的表面层破坏。2. Destroying the surface layer of the pre-oxidized chromium alloy powder.
3、在混料机内将预氧化过的铬合金粉末与铜粉按需要比例混制均匀。3. Mix the pre-oxidized chromium alloy powder and copper powder in the mixing machine according to the required proportion and make them evenly.
4、将混制均匀的粉料进行冷等静压或模压，密度达到理论密度的83％以上。4. Cold isostatic pressing or mold pressing is performed on the uniformly mixed powder, and the density reaches more than 83% of the theoretical density.
5、将压制好的坯料在真空或还原性气氛下烧结，真空度要求大于10-2Pa，在1020℃～1080℃温度下烧结2～3小时。5. Sinter the pressed billet in a vacuum or reducing atmosphere, the vacuum degree is required to be greater than 10 -2 Pa, and sinter at a temperature of 1020°C-1080°C for 2-3 hours.
6、。将烧制好的坯料出炉。6. The fired blank is taken out of the furnace.
7、冷锻或挤压。7. Cold forging or extrusion.
8、960℃～1000℃固溶处理1～1.5小时，淬火。8. Solution treatment at 960℃～1000℃ for 1～1.5 hours, then quenching.
9、450℃～480℃时效处理3～4小时。9. Aging treatment at 450°C to 480°C for 3 to 4 hours.
实施例一：Embodiment one:
1、将铬合金粉末在620℃预氧化60分钟，氧化过程中铬合金粉末始终在一罐内旋转运动，以保证铬合金粉末能够均匀的预氧化。1. Pre-oxidize the chromium alloy powder at 620°C for 60 minutes. During the oxidation process, the chromium alloy powder is always rotating in a tank to ensure that the chromium alloy powder can be pre-oxidized uniformly.
2、球料比5∶1，将预氧化过的铬合金粉末的表面层破坏。2. The ball-to-material ratio is 5:1, which destroys the surface layer of the pre-oxidized chromium alloy powder.
3、在混料机内将预氧化过的铬合金粉末与铜粉按需要比例混制3小时。3. Mix the pre-oxidized chromium alloy powder and copper powder according to the required ratio in the mixer for 3 hours.
4、将混制均匀的粉料进行模压，密度达到理论密度的86％以上。4. Mold the uniformly mixed powder, and the density reaches more than 86% of the theoretical density.
5、将压制好的坯料在真空或还原性气氛下烧结，真空度为10-3Pa，在1050℃温度下烧结2.5小时。5. Sinter the pressed billet in a vacuum or reducing atmosphere with a vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa at a temperature of 1050° C. for 2.5 hours.
6、将烧制好的坯料出炉。6. Take the fired billet out of the furnace.
7、冷锻，变形率为40％。7. Cold forging, the deformation rate is 40%.
8、980℃固溶处理1小时，淬火。8. Solution treatment at 980°C for 1 hour, then quenched.
9、450℃时效处理3.5小时。9. Aging treatment at 450°C for 3.5 hours.
实施例二：Embodiment two:
1、将铬合金粉末在650℃预氧化70分钟，氧化过程中铬合金粉末始终在一罐内旋转运动，以保证铬合金粉末能够均匀的预氧化。1. Pre-oxidize the chromium alloy powder at 650°C for 70 minutes. During the oxidation process, the chromium alloy powder is always rotating in a tank to ensure that the chromium alloy powder can be pre-oxidized uniformly.
2、球料比5∶1，将预氧化过的铬合金粉末的表面层破坏。2. The ball-to-material ratio is 5:1, which destroys the surface layer of the pre-oxidized chromium alloy powder.
3、在混料机内将预氧化过的铬合金粉末与铜粉按需要比例混制3.5小时。3. Mix the pre-oxidized chromium alloy powder and copper powder according to the required ratio in the mixer for 3.5 hours.
4、将混制均匀的粉料进行模压，密度达到理论密度的86％以上。4. Mold the uniformly mixed powder, and the density reaches more than 86% of the theoretical density.
5、将压制好的坯料在真空或还原性气氛下烧结，真空度为10-3Pa，在1060℃温度下烧结2.5小时。5. Sinter the pressed billet in a vacuum or reducing atmosphere with a vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa at a temperature of 1060°C for 2.5 hours.
6、将烧制好的坯料出炉。6. Take the fired billet out of the furnace.
7、冷锻，变形率为40％。7. Cold forging, the deformation rate is 40%.
8、1000℃固溶处理1小时，淬火。8. Solution treatment at 1000°C for 1 hour, then quenched.
9、460℃时效处理4小时。9. Aging treatment at 460°C for 4 hours.
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| CN 02114536 CN1276111C (en) | 2002-04-23 | 2002-04-23 | Making process of composite copper-chromium oxide-chromium material |
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| CN 02114536 CN1276111C (en) | 2002-04-23 | 2002-04-23 | Making process of composite copper-chromium oxide-chromium material |
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| CN1276111C true CN1276111C (en) | 2006-09-20 |
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| CN100443619C (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-12-17 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of chromium oxide and chromium dispersion strengthened copper matrix composite material |
| WO2010050352A1 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2010-05-06 | 株式会社日本Ａｅパワーシステムズ | Electrode material for vacuum circuit breaker and method for producing same |
| CN107774989A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-09 | 东莞市联洲知识产权运营管理有限公司 | A kind of titanium chromium oxide chromium niobium composite of zirconium boride enhancing and preparation method thereof |
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