CN1260543C - Laser vernier - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser vernier ruler, which comprises two sections of precision guide rails provided with scale indications and two laser emitters, the two sections of precision guide rails are connected to form a ruler body through a middle fixed The laser emitters are respectively installed on the two sections of precision guide rails, and are respectively in sliding fit with the two sections of precision guide rails. vertical. The laser vernier organically combines the precision guide rail and the laser emitter, making full use of the concentrated energy of the laser beam, the good directionality and the accurate movement and positioning of the precision guide rail. It can perform long-distance measurement without touching the equipment or without stopping production , and can easily overcome the influence of obstacles in front of the device under test on the measurement. It is simple and easy to operate, does not require special training, is less affected by environmental and human factors, has high measurement efficiency and accuracy, and has a wide range of applications.

Description

laser vernier

                    

The invention relates to a device for non-contact detection of the position or geometric parameters of a device by using a laser beam, in particular to a laser vernier.

Background technique

At present, for the measurement of the position of the equipment or its geometric parameters, especially the measurement of the distance or size between two points of the equipment in operation, the traditional tape measure or optical instrument has been used for indirect measurement or out-of-production measurement. This is because These devices often need to work in the environment of high temperature, vibration, etc. or in the case of obstacles, and it is difficult for people to approach them for direct measurement or measurement without non-stop production, especially for large industrial equipment.

For example, to measure the longitude of a certain circular device, when there is an obstacle in front of the circular device, simply using a long ruler cannot measure the correct result. The traditional measurement method is to set two theodolites at both ends of the front of the circular equipment, first measure the distance between the extension points near the two ends of the diameter of the circular equipment, and then measure the distance between the two extension points and the two ends of the diameter of the circular equipment. distance, and finally calculate the direct longitude of the circular device by calculating the difference between them, the operation is very cumbersome and complicated. When the circular device is in a static state, it is necessary to make a bracket as high as the half diameter of the circular device to accurately measure the distance from the two extension points to the two ends of the diameter of the circular device. For circular equipment in the state of rotating motion, in addition to the above conditions, it is necessary to install displacement sensors near both ends of the diameter of the circular equipment. The efficiency of the measurement work is very low, and the measurement error is large. For large-scale equipment, surveyors are required to climb up and down high ladders. The work is very hard, and they have to face potential safety hazards caused by uncertain factors such as high temperature, vibration, and rotation.

It can be seen that the traditional measurement tools and methods have great defects: first, they often need to stop production measurement, which not only affects the production process, but also leads to a significant drop in production efficiency and a substantial increase in production costs; the second is that measurement tools Relatively primitive, the installation and adjustment of measuring instruments is complicated, which makes the measurement operation very inconvenient and the measurement efficiency is relatively low. , The measuring instrument is too close to the interference of the field environment of the equipment under test, etc., which will cause the measurement error to increase and the measurement accuracy to deteriorate. Therefore, traditional measurement tools must be operated by professionals, and it is difficult for ordinary workers to achieve the required measurement accuracy, and it is very difficult to popularize and apply them.

Invention content

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, and provide a laser vernier that can perform long-distance measurement without contacting the equipment or without stopping production. The laser vernier can easily overcome the influence of obstacles in front of the measured equipment on the measurement, its operation is simple and easy, it is less affected by environmental and human factors, and its measurement efficiency and accuracy are high.

In order to achieve this purpose, the laser vernier ruler designed by the present invention includes two sections of precision guide rails provided with scale indications and two laser emitters, and the two sections of precision guide rails are connected to form a ruler body through a section of intermediate fixed ruler. The two laser emitters are respectively installed on the two sections of precision guide rails, and are respectively in sliding fit with the two sections of precision guide rails. direction perpendicular to each other.

Further, the middle fixed ruler is provided with a water bubble meter, so that the levelness of the ruler body can be easily determined without additional auxiliary tools or instruments, so as to meet the requirement of precise measurement of the distance between the two laser beams. Require.

Further, a movable tripod is arranged under the middle fixed ruler and/or the precision guide rail, so that the straightedge body can be supported during use without an additional fixed workbench or working plane, and its measurement can be adjusted. The height, retractable movable tripod when not in use, makes the laser vernier a portable structure, easy to carry and apply.

Further, the laser emitter adopts a laser emitter whose pitch angle of the laser beam can be adjusted, so that the position of the laser vernier can be placed far below the measured equipment, which is convenient for the surveyor to measure the distance of the huge equipment at a lower position. size.

The working principle of the present invention is as follows: install the laser vernier parallel to the front of the measured equipment, make the two sections of precision guide rails respectively located directly in front of the two measurement points on the measured equipment, and move the two sections of precision guide rails The two laser emitters are aimed at the two measurement points on the measured equipment respectively. Since the laser beams emitted by the two laser emitters are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the two precision guide rails, the distance between the two laser beams can be read out. The scale value of two sections of precision guide rails and one section of intermediate fixed ruler can measure the size between two points of the equipment under test, or the distance between two equipment under test.

The advantage of the present invention is that the designed laser vernier organically combines two sections of precision guide rails and two laser emitters into one body, making full use of the characteristics of laser beam energy concentration, good directionality and accurate movement and positioning of the precision guide rails , can measure the size between any two points of large equipment, including fixed and rotating large equipment. The laser vernier is easy to operate and does not require special training. Anyone can use it after reading the instruction manual or simply explaining it. Its measurement is convenient, fast, accurate and efficient, and it can effectively overcome the errors caused by high temperature and vibration Measuring the impact caused by obstacles in front of the equipment can solve the problem of measuring the geometric dimensions of large equipment that has plagued people for a long time. At the same time, the laser vernier has a simple structure, low cost, good adaptability to the measurement environment, long service life, wide application range, and has huge social value and economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation that adopts laser vernier ruler of the present invention to measure a circular part straight of certain equipment;

Fig. 2 is a top view structural schematic diagram of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the right view structure of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation that adopts laser vernier ruler of the present invention to measure the center-to-center distance of two circular parts of certain equipment;

Fig. 5 is a top view structural schematic diagram of Fig. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the right structure of FIG. 4 .

Detailed ways

The laser vernier ruler of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

The laser vernier shown in the figure has two sections of precision guide rails 2 provided with scale indications and two laser emitters 1. The two sections of precision guide rails 2 are connected by a middle fixed ruler 3 to form a ruler body. The two laser emitters 1 are installed on the sliders of the two precision guide rails 2 respectively, and can slide freely along the two precision guide rails 2 . The laser beam emission directions of the two laser emitters 1 are perpendicular to the ruler body formed by two sections of precision guide rails 2 and a section of middle fixed ruler 3 . For the convenience of carrying and use, several height-adjustable movable tripods 5 can be set below the middle fixed ruler 3 and/or the precision guide rail 2, in order to support and fix the ruler body. The present embodiment adopts two movable tripods 5 installed on the ends of the two sections of precision guide rails 2 respectively. A powerful magnet platform 8 is designed on the movable tripod 5 to firmly absorb the ruler body to ensure that the measurement operation can still be carried out stably and conveniently in the case of uneven ground. The middle fixed ruler 3 and/or the precision guide rail 2 can adopt a folding connection structure or a segmented connection structure, so that when measuring large equipment, it only needs to be unfolded or spliced to assemble, and can be folded or disassembled for storage after use. A water bubble meter 4 is arranged on the fixed ruler 3 in the middle, and the levelness of the ruler body can be directly determined by the water bubble meter 4 .

The two laser emitters 1 are designed with a mechanism that can adjust the pitch angle of the laser emitting tube, so that the pitch angle of the laser beam can be easily adjusted during measurement. In this way, the measurement position of the laser vernier can be far lower than the measurement point of the device under test, which avoids the trouble of setting up a large bracket, and also saves the labor of the measurer from operating on a high ladder, and at the same time keeps the laser vernier far away from the measured device It is very important for the measurement of large equipment to avoid measurement errors and potential safety hazards caused by adverse factors such as high temperature, vibration, and rotation. The pitch angle adjustment mechanism of the two laser emitting tubes has the function of independent adjustment and linkage adjustment. In this way, in addition to measuring the distance between two points on the same horizontal plane of the equipment, it can also measure the distance between two points not on the same horizontal plane. the horizontal size of the .

The laser transmitter 1 can be any one of semiconductor lasers, gas lasers, solid lasers, liquid lasers or infrared lasers. For the laser vernier with a portable structure, semiconductor lasers can be used, which have the advantages of small size and light weight, and can be easily powered by dry batteries or AC-DC converters; the disadvantage is that the power of the emitted laser beam is not large enough to only For measurements on relatively close range devices. For ultra-long-distance equipment measurement, high-power gas lasers, solid-state lasers or liquid lasers can be used. For the situation that needs to be measured at night, infrared laser can be used together with infrared glasses or infrared telescopic system to achieve the purpose of measurement.

The focusing system at the front end of the laser transmitter 1 can adjust the emitted laser beam spot to be very fine, so as to precisely align with the measurement point of the device under test. The laser beam spot is preferably cross-shaped to further ensure its measurement accuracy. For the equipment under test that is not easy to aim at, a photoelectric receiving rake can also be installed at the measurement point, and the measurement point can be locked through the cooperation of the laser transmitter 1 and the photoelectric receiving rake to ensure the accuracy of the measurement.

Figures 1 to 3 are examples of measuring the meridian of a circular part using the laser vernier of the present invention. The device under test shown in the figure is a round part 6, and in front of the round part 6 there is an obstacle 7 that affects the measurement. To measure the diameter of the round part 6, it is obviously impossible to use a traditional ruler or ruler accomplish. When adopting the present invention to measure, at first select the approximate positions of two movable tripods 5 according to the site conditions, properly stay away from the round part 6, and adjust its approximate height; then the laser vernier is installed in a direction parallel to the diameter of the round part 6 On the powerful magnet platform 8 of the movable tripod 5, adjust the horizontality of the laser vernier through the water bubble meter 4 on the middle fixed ruler 3; 2. Move the two laser emitters 1 upwards so that the laser beams emitted by the two laser emitters 1 are aimed at the two ends of the diameter of the circular part 6 respectively; The scale value of ruler 3 can measure the diameter of round part 6.

4 to 6 are examples of measuring the distance between the centers of two circular parts using the laser vernier of the present invention. The tested equipment shown in the figure is two rotating wheels 6, and the center distance between the two rotating wheels 6 needs to be measured. If the temperature of the two rotating wheels 6 is above 100°C, the measuring personnel cannot get too close, let alone touch. When adopting the present invention to measure, at first choose the general position of two movable tripods 5 according to field conditions, suitably away from two rotating wheels 6, adjust its approximate height; The direction is installed on the powerful magnet platform 8 of the movable tripod 5, and the levelness of the laser vernier is adjusted through the water bubble meter 4 on the middle fixed ruler 3; Move two laser emitters 1 on the precision guide rail 2, so that the laser beams emitted by the two laser emitters 1 are respectively aligned with the centers of the two rotating wheels 6; The scale value of fixed ruler 3 can measure the distance between the centers of two rotating wheels 6 .

Claims (9)

1. laser vernier, comprise two sections precise guide rail (2) and two generating lasers (1) that are provided with the scale indication, it is characterized in that: described two sections precise guide rail (2) are connected to become a ruler body by one section center fixed chi (3), described two generating lasers (1) are installed in respectively on described two sections precise guide rail (2), and be with described two sections precise guide rail (2) respectively and be slidingly matched, it is perpendicular that the laser beam of described two generating lasers (1) penetrates the arranged direction of direction and described two sections precise guide rail (2).

2. laser vernier according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said center fixed chi (3) is provided with the bubble instrument (4) of determining described ruler body levelness.

3. laser vernier according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the movable tripod (5) that is provided with the described ruler body of supporting below said center fixed chi (3) and/or the said precise guide rail (2).

4. laser vernier according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the strong magnets platform (8) that also is provided with the described ruler body of the firm absorption of energy between said center fixed chi (3) and/or said precise guide rail (2) and the movable tripod (5) below it.

5. laser vernier according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: said center fixed chi (3) and/or said precise guide rail (2) adopt collapsible syndeton or sectional type syndeton.

6. laser vernier according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: said generating laser (1) adopts the adjustable generating laser of laser beam luffing angle.

7. laser vernier according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: said generating laser (1) adopts any in semiconductor laser, gas laser, solid state laser, liquid laser or the infrared laser.

8. laser vernier according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: said generating laser (1) adopts laser beam spot to be cross generating laser.

9. laser vernier according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: said generating laser (1) adopts with photoelectricity and receives the generating laser that rake matches, and described photoelectricity receives rake and is installed on the measurement point of equipment under test.

Images