CN113560327A

CN113560327A - A system and method for comprehensive treatment of urban kitchen waste

Info

Publication number: CN113560327A
Application number: CN202111012604.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 施军营; 邢金超; 王超; 陈友仁
Original assignee: Shengao Lande Environmental Protection Technology Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Shengao Lande Environmental Protection Technology Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-31
Filing date: 2021-08-31
Publication date: 2021-10-29

Abstract

The invention provides a comprehensive treatment system and method for urban kitchen waste. The comprehensive treatment system for urban kitchen waste includes: a kitchen feed box, a liquid collecting tank, a centrifugal pump, a screw conveyor, a biomass separator, and a separator liquid tank , hose peristaltic pump, dehydrator, dehydrator sump and three-phase decanter centrifuge. The invention provides a comprehensive treatment system for urban kitchen waste, which has a compact structure, a small footprint and various functions, and also includes functions of filtration, sand removal, biomass separation, dehydration and three-phase separation. To achieve effective separation of plastic bottles, plastic parts and large bones in kitchen waste, thereby improving the treatment and effective utilization of kitchen waste.

Description

Comprehensive treatment system and method for urban kitchen waste

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, and particularly relates to a comprehensive treatment system and method for urban kitchen waste.

Background

Conventional kitchen waste treatment system, the function is single, only has simple filterable function to kitchen waste usually, can't satisfy people's user demand.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a comprehensive treatment system and method for urban kitchen waste, which can effectively solve the problems.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the invention provides a comprehensive treatment system for urban kitchen waste, which comprises: the device comprises a kitchen feeding box (1), a liquid collecting tank (2), a centrifugal pump (3), a spiral conveyor (4), a biomass separator (5), a separator liquid box (6), a hose peristaltic pump (7), a dehydrator (8), a dehydrator liquid collecting tank (9) and a three-phase horizontal spiral centrifuge (10);

the liquid collecting tank (2) is arranged below the kitchen feeding box (1); the liquid discharge end of the liquid collecting tank (2) is connected to the three-phase horizontal decanter centrifuge (10) through the centrifugal pump (3);

the spiral conveyor (4) is arranged at the bottom of the kitchen feeding box (1), and the discharge end of the spiral conveyor (4) is communicated with the feeding end of the biomass separator (5); the slurry discharge end of the biomass separator (5) is communicated with the feed end of the separator liquid tank (6);

the separator liquid tank (6) is communicated with the feed end of the dehydrator (8) through the hose peristaltic pump (7); the liquid discharge end of the dehydrator (8) is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the dehydrator liquid collecting tank (9);

the liquid inlet end of the three-phase horizontal screw centrifuge (10) is communicated with the liquid collecting tank (9) of the dehydrator.

Preferably, the kitchen feeding box (1) comprises a feeding box body (1-1), a sieve plate (1-2) and a sand removing groove (1-3);

the sieve plate (1-2) is arranged in the feeding box body (1-1), and the sand removal groove (1-3) is arranged below the sieve plate (1-2);

the spiral conveyor (4) is arranged below the sand removing grooves (1-3).

Preferably, a steam heating pipe is arranged inside the separator liquid tank (6).

Preferably, a steam heating pipe is arranged in the dehydrator collecting tank (9).

The invention also provides a method of the comprehensive treatment system for the urban kitchen waste, which comprises the following steps:

conveying the kitchen waste to a treatment station by a special closed transport vehicle, wherein a kitchen feeding box of the urban kitchen waste comprehensive treatment system obtains a waste transport vehicle signal, and a sealing cover of the kitchen feeding box (1) is opened;

the kitchen waste is dumped into the kitchen waste feeding box (1) by the waste transport vehicle, the waste dumping is carried out by a driver of the waste transport vehicle, the driver drives away from the treatment station after the garbage dumping is finished, and the sealing cover of the material box is closed after the garbage transport vehicle drives away signals are obtained by the kitchen waste feeding box (1);

kitchen waste is conveyed to a feed port of a biomass separator (5) by a spiral conveyor (4) at the bottom of a kitchen feeding box (1), the biomass separator (5) breaks organic matters into slurry, the slurry enters a separator liquid box (6) of a base box body through a mesh cage, and the slurry is conveyed to a kitchen slurry dehydrator through a hose peristaltic pump (7); plastic bottles, plastic parts, food packages, waste tableware and large bones which cannot be crushed are blown out by high-speed airflow and conveyed into a collecting box by a screw conveyor to be packed and transported;

the coarse slurry is conveyed to a dehydrator (8) of the kitchen slurry through a hose peristaltic pump (7), the coarse slurry is extruded from an inlet to an outlet of the dehydrator through a spiral device in the dehydrator (8), the coarse slurry is gradually compressed, and finally the requirement of slurry dehydration is met, after solid-liquid separation in the coarse slurry, filtrate is filtered through a filter screen and then is collected in a liquid collecting tank (9) of the dehydrator; discharging solid-phase slag through a screw conveyor;

and (3) conveying the fine slurry dehydrated by the kitchen slurry dehydrator to a three-phase horizontal screw centrifuge (10) through a slurry pump to finally separate and extract oil, water and slag.

The comprehensive treatment system and method for the urban kitchen waste provided by the invention have the following advantages:

the invention provides an urban kitchen waste comprehensive treatment system which is compact in structure, small in occupied area and multifunctional, simultaneously comprises the functions of filtering, desanding, biomass separation, dehydration and three-phase separation, and particularly can realize effective separation of plastic bottles, plastic pieces, large bones and the like in kitchen waste through a biomass separator, so that the treatment and the effective utilization rate of the kitchen waste are improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of main components of an urban kitchen waste comprehensive treatment system provided by the invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an integrated municipal kitchen waste treatment system according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side view of an integrated municipal kitchen waste treatment system according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a kitchen feeding box provided by the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the sump according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a centrifugal pump according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a biomass separator provided by the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the separator tank configuration provided by the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a hose peristaltic pump according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a dehydrator according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a sump of a dehydrator according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-phase horizontal decanter centrifuge provided by the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a process flow diagram of the comprehensive treatment system for municipal kitchen waste provided by the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The invention provides an urban kitchen waste comprehensive treatment system which can comprehensively and comprehensively treat kitchen waste to realize effective utilization of the kitchen waste, and is compact in structure, small in occupied area and multifunctional, and simultaneously comprises filtering, desanding, biomass separation, dehydration and three-phase separation functions.

Referring to fig. 1 to 12, the present invention provides a comprehensive treatment system for municipal kitchen waste, comprising: the device comprises a kitchen feeding box 1, a liquid collecting tank 2, a centrifugal pump 3, a spiral conveyor 4, a biomass separator 5, a separator liquid box 6, a hose peristaltic pump 7, a dehydrator 8, a dehydrator liquid collecting tank 9 and a three-phase horizontal spiral centrifuge 10;

a liquid collecting tank 2 is arranged below the kitchen feeding box 1; the liquid discharge end of the liquid collecting tank 2 is connected to a three-phase horizontal screw centrifuge 10 through a centrifugal pump 3;

a spiral conveyor 4 is arranged at the bottom of the kitchen feeding box 1, and the discharge end of the spiral conveyor 4 is communicated with the feeding end of a biomass separator 5; the slurry discharge end of the biomass separator 5 is communicated with the feed end of the separator liquid tank 6;

the separator liquid tank 6 is communicated with the feed end of the dehydrator 8 through a hose peristaltic pump 7; the liquid discharge end of the dehydrator 8 is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the dehydrator liquid collecting tank 9;

the liquid inlet end of the three-phase horizontal decanter centrifuge 10 is communicated with the liquid collecting tank 9 of the dehydrator.

Referring to fig. 13, the present application is described in detail below:

(1) feeding process

The kitchen feeding box 1 comprises a feeding box body 1-1, a sieve plate 1-2 and a sand removal groove 1-3; wherein, the inside of the feeding box body 1-1 is provided with a sieve plate 1-2, and a sand removal groove 1-3 is arranged below the sieve plate 1-2; a screw conveyor 4 is arranged below the sand removing grooves 1-3.

a spiral conveyor 4 is arranged at the bottom of the kitchen feeding box 1, and the discharge end of the spiral conveyor 4 is communicated with the feeding end of a biomass separator 5;

the working principle is as follows:

the kitchen waste is dumped into the kitchen feeding box 1 through a special transport vehicle, and after entering the kitchen feeding box 1, the kitchen waste is firstly filtered through a sieve plate 1-2 to realize solid-liquid separation; the liquid part of the kitchen waste filtered by the sieve plate 1-2 enters a bottom desanding groove 1-3, and after further desanding, the liquid flows into a liquid collecting groove 2 below the liquid collecting groove, and the liquid obtained after filtering and desanding the kitchen waste by the sieve plate is collected by the liquid collecting groove 2 and then is conveyed to a three-phase horizontal spiral centrifugal machine 10 by a centrifugal pump 3 for separation.

The solid part of the kitchen waste filtered by the sieve plate 1-2 is conveyed to a biomass separator 5 for further treatment by a screw conveyor 4.

2. The biomass separation process comprises the following steps:

the solid kitchen waste filtered by the sieve plate 1-2 enters a biomass separator 5, the solid kitchen waste is separated into slurry-shaped undecomposed solids by the biomass separator 5, the undecomposed solids are thrown out under the action of high-speed airflow and a spiral channel, and then the solids are discharged by a spiral conveyor.

The slurry separated by the biomass separator flows into the separator liquid tank 6, wherein a steam heating pipe is arranged inside the separator liquid tank 6 to preheat the slurry, so that the three-phase horizontal decanter centrifuge can deoil the slurry conveniently.

The slurry in the separator tank 6 is transported by a hose peristaltic pump 7 to a dewaterer 8 for further processing.

3. And (3) dehydrating:

the dehydrator 8 dehydrates the slurry in the separator liquid tank 6, the dehydrated solid part is discharged by the conveyor, and the liquid part enters the dehydrator liquid collecting tank 9.

Dehydrator catch basin 9: the liquid treated by the dehydrator is stored, and a steam heating pipe is arranged in the liquid to heat the liquid to reach the deoiling temperature.

4. Three-phase separation process:

the three-phase decanter centrifuge 10 processes the liquid in the dehydrator collecting tank 9, realizes the separation of oil, sediment, water three-phase, wherein: the separated water can reach the discharge standard after being treated, the slag can be composted to produce nutrient soil or fertilizer, and the oil can be extracted and utilized.

Therefore, the comprehensive treatment system for the urban kitchen waste provided by the invention has the following principle:

the method comprises the following steps that urban kitchen waste is conveyed into a kitchen feeding box 1 through a special conveying vehicle, the conveying device connected with the kitchen feeding box 1 conveys the urban kitchen waste to a biomass separator 5 for smashing treatment, smashed slurry enters a separator liquid box 6 of a base, and waste tableware, plastic bottles, plastic pieces, large bones and the like which cannot be smashed are blown out and packaged through high-speed airflow; the smashed slurry is conveyed to a dehydrator 8 through a hose peristaltic pump, solid-liquid separation is carried out on the slurry, solid slag is discharged through a conveying device, and filtrate is separated into three phases of oil, water and slag through a three-phase horizontal decanter centrifuge 10. Through the operation, the kitchen organic waste is processed into available resources such as organic fertilizer, biological oil and the like, and the separated sewage can reach the discharge label.

The comprehensive treatment system for the urban kitchen waste can be realized by adopting the following modes:

the kitchen waste is conveyed to a treatment station through a special closed transport vehicle, a kitchen waste feeding box of the integrated comprehensive treatment equipment for the kitchen waste obtains a signal of a waste transport vehicle, and a sealing cover of the kitchen waste feeding box 1 is opened.

The garbage transport vehicle dumps the kitchen garbage into the kitchen feeding box 1, the garbage is dumped by a driver of the garbage transport vehicle, the driver drives away from the treatment station after the garbage transport vehicle finishes, and the kitchen feeding box 1 closes the bin sealing cover after the garbage transport vehicle drives away from a signal.

The kitchen waste is conveyed to a feed port of a biomass separator 5 by a spiral conveyor 4 at the bottom of a kitchen feeding box 1, the biomass separator 5 breaks organic matters into slurry, the slurry enters a separator liquid box 6 of a base box body through a mesh cage, and the slurry is conveyed to a kitchen slurry dehydrator through a hose peristaltic pump 7; plastic bottles, plastic parts, food packages, waste tableware, large bones and the like which cannot be crushed are blown out by high-speed airflow and conveyed into a collection box by a screw conveyor to be packed and transported;

carry the hydroextractor 8 of meal kitchen thick liquids through hose peristaltic pump 7 with thick liquid, extrude from the hydroextractor import to the export through spiral device in the hydroextractor 8, thick liquid is compressed gradually and is realized the requirement of thick liquids dehydration at last, after solid-liquid separation in the thick liquid, the filtrating is collected in hydroextractor collecting tank 9 after passing through the filter screen filtration. And discharging the solid-phase slag through a screw conveyor.

The fine slurry dehydrated by the kitchen slurry dehydrator is conveyed to a three-phase horizontal screw centrifuge 10 through a slurry pump to be finally separated and extracted by oil, water and slag.

Specification parameters are as follows:

instructions and precautions for use:

1. before running, checking whether the periphery of the equipment is abnormal or not and whether the instrument is normal or not, after confirmation, performing an experiment of opening and closing the equipment, and after the equipment runs normally and has no special vibration or noise, putting the equipment into use;

2. the material is prevented from being overfilled in the feeding process, so that the material is prevented from being scattered;

3. stopping immediately to overhaul when obvious vibration and noise occur, and forbidding fault operation;

4. if the impurities in the materials are too much, the sundry outlet is cleaned in time to prevent blockage;

5. if the cleaning agent is not used for a long time, the residues in the machine body must be completely cleaned, and the parts easy to rust are coated with grease for protection; placing in a ventilated and dry place;

6. lubricating grease should be injected into each bearing of the transmission system periodically, and lubricating oil should be injected into the gear box periodically;

note: 1. the grease (bearing) recommended the use of Shell S2 universal grease; the lubricating oil (gear box) recommends using 150 industrial gear oil which can withstand the pressure of shell.

7. The above recommended oil is used for air temperature

8. When the apparatus is discarded, the grease must be completely removed and disposed of. If the grease is discarded without being taken out, the leakage of the grease causes environmental pollution. Attention is paid to environmental protection and disposal is required.

The comprehensive treatment system for the urban kitchen waste provided by the invention has the following advantages:

1. the occupied area is small, and the investment is small;

2. the solid-phase and liquid-phase (oil/water) separation of the kitchen waste can be effectively carried out, and the resource treatment is carried out;

3. the biomass separator effectively mechanically sorts the kitchen waste, and organic matters are smashed into slurry for secondary separation; plastic bottles, plastic parts, food packages, waste tableware, large bones and the like which cannot be crushed are blown out by high-speed airflow to be packed and transported;

4. the dehydration rate of the dehydration equipment is high, the water content of the dehydrated material can reach below 65 percent, the condition required by composting is directly met, and other auxiliary materials are not required to be added to adjust the water content;

5. the three-phase centrifuge carries out one-time separation of oil, water and slag, and the water content in the separated oil

Meanwhile, the water does not contain oil, the oil yield is very high, and the waste oil is sold.

6. The comprehensive treatment system can flexibly configure the post-treatment module after light substances, oil, water and organic slag are obtained through mechanical sorting, separation and the like. The small sewage treatment module is used for treating the separated sewage to reach the standard and discharging the sewage; and the separated slag can be subjected to composting treatment to produce nutrient soil or fertilizer by the vertical composting bin module.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive treatment system for urban kitchen waste, characterized in that, comprising: a kitchen feeding box (1), a liquid collecting tank (2), a centrifugal pump (3), a screw conveyor (4), a biomass separation (5), separator liquid tank (6), hose peristaltic pump (7), dehydrator (8), dehydrator sump (9) and three-phase decanter centrifuge (10);

The liquid collecting tank (2) is arranged below the kitchen feeding box (1); the liquid discharging end of the liquid collecting tank (2) is connected to the three-phase horizontal bed through the centrifugal pump (3). screw centrifuge (10);

The screw conveyor (4) is installed at the bottom of the kitchen feeding box (1), and the discharge end of the screw conveyor (4) communicates with the feed end of the biomass separator (5); The slurry discharge end of the biomass separator (5) communicates with the feed end of the separator liquid tank (6);

The separator liquid tank (6) is communicated with the feed end of the dehydrator (8) through the hose peristaltic pump (7); the discharge end of the dehydrator (8) is connected to the dehydrator. The liquid inlet end of the liquid tank (9) is connected;

The liquid inlet end of the three-phase decanter centrifuge (10) is communicated with the liquid collecting tank (9) of the dehydrator.

2 . The comprehensive treatment system for urban kitchen waste according to claim 1 , wherein the kitchen feed box ( 1 ) comprises a feed box body ( 1-1 ), a sieve plate ( 1-2 ). 3 . ) and sand removal tank (1-3);

The sieve plate (1-2) is installed inside the feed box (1-1), and the sand removal tank (1-3) is arranged below the sieve plate (1-2);

The screw conveyor (4) is installed below the sand removal tank (1-3).

3 . The comprehensive treatment system for urban kitchen waste according to claim 1 , wherein a steam heating pipe is installed inside the separator liquid tank ( 6 ). 4 .

4 . The comprehensive treatment system for urban kitchen waste according to claim 1 , wherein a steam heating pipe is installed inside the liquid collecting tank ( 9 ) of the dehydrator. 5 .

5. A method for the comprehensive treatment system of urban kitchen waste according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, comprising the following steps:

The kitchen waste is transported to the treatment station by the special closed transport vehicle, the kitchen feed box of the urban kitchen waste comprehensive treatment system receives the signal of the garbage transport vehicle, and the sealing cover of the kitchen feed box (1) is opened;

The garbage truck dumps the kitchen waste into the kitchen feeding box (1), and the garbage truck driver dumps the garbage. After the driver leaves the processing station, the kitchen feeding box (1) gets the garbage truck. Close the sealing cover of the material tank after driving away from the signal;

The kitchen waste is transported by the screw conveyor (4) at the bottom of the kitchen feeding box (1) to the feed port of the biomass separator (5), and the biomass separator (5) smashes the organic matter into slurry through the net The cage enters the separator liquid tank (6) of the base box, and the slurry is then transported to the kitchen slurry dewatering machine through the hose peristaltic pump (7); unbreakable plastic bottles, plastic parts, food packaging, waste tableware, large Pieces of bones are blown out by high-speed airflow and transported to the collection box by a screw conveyor for packaging and transportation;

The coarse slurry is transported to the dehydrator (8) of the kitchen slurry through a hose peristaltic pump (7), and squeezed from the inlet to the outlet of the dehydrator through the screw device in the dehydrator (8), and the coarse slurry is gradually compressed Finally, the requirement of dehydration of the slurry is realized. After the solid-liquid separation in the coarse slurry, the filtrate is filtered through the filter screen and collected in the dehydrator sump (9); the solid-phase slag is discharged through the screw conveyor;

The fine slurry dehydrated by the kitchen slurry dewatering machine is transported to the three-phase decanter centrifuge (10) through the slurry pump for final separation and extraction of oil, water and slag.