CN113341146B - 用于检测乙肝病毒的比色传感器及其制备与应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于检测乙肝病毒的比色传感器及其制备与应用。所述传感器包括靶标识别部分和信号输出部分,靶标识别部分由乙肝表面抗体(Ab)与修饰有生物素的乙肝表面抗原适体DNA(biotin‑aptamer)组成,当靶物质乙肝表面抗原加入时,其被Ab捕获,而biotin‑aptamer又与抗原结合形成三明治复合物,biotin能与后续加入的链霉亲和素结合;信号输出部分包括由S1、S2、S3、S4四条修饰DNA链形成的DM‑Hemin/G4复合物,能催化TMB显色,发出肉眼可见的蓝光,S4上修饰有生物素,S4上修饰的生物素能与链霉亲和素结合,从而实现对乙肝表面抗原的检测。本发明的方案具有快速简单、灵敏度高、普适性等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及乙肝病毒检测技术领域,特别是涉及一种用于检测乙肝病毒的比色传感器及其制备与应用。
背景技术
乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染是世界范围内的主要健康问题之一,可能导致慢性肝炎、肝硬化和原发性肝癌,特别是如果患者的饮食和健康状况得不到很好的控制。据估计,有20亿人的血清学特征为过去或现在的HBV感染,有3.6亿慢性HBV相关性肝病患者。根据REVEALHBV(病毒载量升高和相关肝病/癌症-乙型肝炎病毒的风险评估)小组的报告,当患者的血清病毒载量>105拷贝/毫升时,患者的风险尤其高。因此,在HBV感染的早期进行检测和监测是非常重要的。乙型肝炎是中国常见的疾病,病毒浓度的测定可为诊断和治疗提供重要依据。
目前临床上最常用的HBV检测方法是免疫分析和聚合酶链反应(PCR)。免疫分析是以病毒抗原或抗体为靶点的血清学方法,具有良好的选择性和100%的准确度。然而,免疫分析方法受到血清学反应的限制而不能提供定量检测结果。乙型肝炎表面(HBs)抗体是最常用的免疫分析靶点,甚至在HBV感染急性期后几个月出现。在临床应用中,PCR是HBV感染的常规检测方法。定量PCR已被用于通过测量扩增产物的数量来估计病毒DNA的初始数量。实时PCR基于首次检测到PCR产物扩增时阈值周期(CT)的评估。PCR由20-40个重复周期组成,以达到可检测的DNA浓度,因此需要有效控制热循环,因此仪器成本较高。PCR也因其杂交机制而产生错误。因此,鉴于上述传统临床诊断方法存在的缺陷,有必要开发一种具有成本效益高、响应速度快、携带方便、灵敏度高等特点的HBV检测技术。
ssDNA除了作为核酸发挥生物功能以外,其在某些条件下同样具有类似于蛋白酶的酶催化活性。其中一种DNA酶称为G-四链体DNA酶。在这种DNA酶中,富含鸟嘌呤(G)的核酸序列特别容易形成高阶结构,并在K+、Pb2+或NH4+存在下折叠成平行或反平行的G-四链体。最近的研究表明,富G序列可以与Hemin结合形成Hemin/G-四链体复合物而具有类似辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)活性,催化H2O2的还原。因此,Hemin/G4DNA酶已被广泛用作取代HRP的催化标记物,为DNA酶与纳米材料的放大检测和偶联为生物传感器或纳米器件的设计提供了新的途径。
基于Hemin/G-四链体辣根过氧化物酶(Hemin/G4-HRP酶)开发的传感技术相比传统检测技术有以下几方面的优点:(1)对反应温度具有广泛的适应性,在高温条件下同样具有催化活性;(2)合成简单快速,而无需传统蛋白酶的繁琐纯化步骤;(3)其对核酸序列具有高度的特异性,单个碱基差异即可产生显著的酶活性改变。但是,Hemin/G4-HRP酶也有一些限制。首先,目前的研究中Hemir/G4酶的催化效率一般达不到蛋白酶的效率;同时,大部分DNA酶检测方法都只能在实验室条件下单纯缓冲液体系中得到验证,复杂生物样本中的检测尚待开发;而且,DNA酶也在仅有的几种反应底物存在时才能发挥作用。
发明内容
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点,本发明的目的在于提供一种用于检测乙肝病毒的比色传感器及其制备与应用,本发明的比色传感器将Hemin/G4有目的的编辑聚合至DNA胶束中,形成催化单元,实现对乙肝抗原的高灵敏检测。
为实现上述目的及其他相关目的,本发明第一方面提供一种用于检测乙肝病毒抗原的比色传感器,包括靶标识别部分和信号输出部分,所述靶标识别部分由乙肝表面抗体(Ab)与修饰有生物素的乙肝表面抗原适体DNA(biotin-aptamer)组成,当靶物质乙肝表面抗原加入时,其被Ab捕获,而biotin-aptamer又与抗原结合形成三明治复合物,biotin能与后续加入的链霉亲和素结合;所述信号输出部分包括由S1、S2、S3、S4这四条修饰DNA链形成的DNA胶束-Hemin/G4(DM-Hemin/G4)复合物,所述DM-Hemin/G4复合物能够催化TMB显色,发出肉眼可见的蓝光,所述S4上修饰有生物素(biotin),S4上修饰的生物素能与链霉亲和素结合,从而实现对乙肝表面抗原的检测。
进一步,所述单链S1的核苷酸序列为:
5’-CGTGATGAACGTATGACGTAT-chol-3’(SEQ ID NO.1)。
进一步,所述单链S2的核苷酸序列为:
5′-chol-ATACGTCATACGTTCATCACGCCGTAAGTTAGTTGGAGACGTAGGAGGGTAGGGCGGGTTGGG-3′(SEQ ID NO.2)。
进一步,所述单链S3的核苷酸序列为:
5′-hemin-CCTACGTCTCCAACTAACTTACGG-3′(SEQ ID NO.3)。
进一步,所述单链S4的核苷酸序列为:
5′-biotin-TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTACCTACGTCTCCAACTAACTTACGG-3′(SEQ ID NO.4)。
进一步,所述靶物质,即乙肝表面抗原适体DNA的核苷酸序列为:
5′-GGGAATTCGAGCTCGGTACCCACAGCGAACAGCGGCGGACATAATAGTGCTTACTACGACCTGCAGGCATGCAAGCTTGG-3′(SEQ ID NO.5)。
本发明第二方面提供一种如第一方面所述的比色传感器的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(a)将含有乙肝表面抗原的反应液加入细胞培养板进行孵育,捕获靶物质,然后洗板,加入链霉亲和素,进行孵育;
(b)将S1、S2、S3、S4这四条修饰DNA链按比例混合,变性退火形成DNA胶束-Hemin/G4(DM-Hemin/G4)复合物;
(c)将DNA胶束-Hemin/G4(DM-Hemin/G4)加入96孔板避光孵育,洗板后加入TMB显色液,避光孵育;
(d)加入TMB终止液,通过测量紫外吸光度检测乙肝病毒。
进一步,所述步骤(a)中,乙肝表面抗原和链霉亲和素的摩尔比为1∶1。
进一步,所述步骤(a)中,所述含有乙肝表面抗原的反应液包括:Tris-HCL缓冲液、乙肝表面抗原。
可选地,所述步骤(a)中,所述含有乙肝表面抗原的反应液反应液包括:45mMTris-HCL缓冲液、1μM乙肝表面抗原。
进一步,所述步骤(a)中,孵育温度为37℃,孵育时间为1-3h,优选为2h。
进一步,所述步骤(a)中,链霉亲和素加入后,在室温下孵育1-3h,优选为2h。
进一步,所述步骤(b)中,S1、S2、S3、S4的摩尔比为(4-6)∶(4-6)∶(3-5)∶1,优选为5∶5∶4∶1。
进一步,所述步骤(b)中,将S1、S2、S3、S4加入NEBuffer3.0缓冲液中,进行变性退火。
可选地,所述步骤(b)中,反应液包括:10μL 10×NEBuffer3.0缓冲液、1μL 100μMS1链、1μL 100μM S2链、8μL 10μM S3链、2μL 10μM S4链。
进一步,所述步骤(b)中,变性温度为90-100℃,优选为95℃;变性时间为5-10min,优选为5min。
进一步,所述步骤(b)中,在冰水浴条件下进行缓慢退火。
进一步,所述步骤(b)中,将退火后所得反应液超滤离心后得到提纯的DNA胶束-Hemin/G4(DM-Hemin/G4)复合物。
进一步,所述步骤(b)中,超滤离心条件为300-500rpm、5-10min,优选为300rpm、5min。
进一步,所述步骤(c)中,TMB显色液的加入量为40-100μL,优选为50μL。
进一步,所述步骤(c)(d)中,TMB显色液和TMB终止液的加入量相等。
进一步,所述步骤(c)中,DNA胶束-Hemin/G4加入96孔板中,于室温避光孵育0.5-1.5h,优选为1h。
进一步,所述步骤(c)中,TMB显色液加入后,孵育温度为37℃,孵育时间为10-20min,优选为15min。
进一步,所述步骤(d)中,TMB终止液的加入量为40-100μL,优选为50μL。
进一步,所述步骤(d)中,于450nm处测量紫外吸光度。
本发明第三方面提供一种用于检测乙肝病毒抗原的方法,采用第一方面所述的比色传感器进一步根据第二方面所述的方法制备得到的比色传感器。
进一步,所述比色传感器按照以下步骤检测:
(1)设置参数:设置检测通道com3,检测波长450nm;
(2)加入样品,将装有反应板条的96孔板放入酶标仪;
(4)进行检测:点击检测,即可获得信号。
如上所述,本发明的用于检测乙肝病毒的比色传感器及其制备与应用,具有以下有益效果:
本发明创新地提出了一种基于DNA胶束生长的Hemin/G4高效催化信号探针用于检测乙肝表面抗原的比色传感器及比色法。本发明的技术方案主要有以下几点优势:
(1)快速简单,本发明的方法通过TMB被过氧化氢氧化的比色反应输出信号,可在肉眼条件下检测靶物质。
(2)高灵敏度,相比于传统的DNA酶,Hemin/G4-DNA胶束将游离的Hemin/G4整合,大大增强了催化效率。
(3)多通道,可在不同微孔中包被乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)、核心抗原(HBcAg)、e抗原(HBEAg)对应的抗体,实现乙肝的精准检测。
(4)本发明的检测方法具有普适性,通过更换96微孔板包被的抗体可实现核酸、蛋白、囊泡等多种靶物质的检测。
附图说明
图1显示为本发明的检测原理图。
图2显示为实施例2中验证比色传感器可行性所得的荧光信号光谱图。
图3显示为实施例2中验证比色传感器可行性所得的荧光信号柱状图。
具体实施方式
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本发明的实施方式,本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点与功效。本发明还可以通过另外不同的具体实施方式加以实施或应用,本说明书中的各项细节也可以基于不同观点与应用,在没有背离本发明的精神下进行各种修饰或改变。
本发明提供了一种用于检测乙肝病毒的比色传感器,通过将Hemin/G4有目的的编辑聚合至DNA胶束中,形成催化单元,实现对乙肝抗原的高灵敏检测。本发明构建的比色传感器制备及检测方法简便、成本低,有效防止非特异性反应的发生,稳定性和重现性良好,有望在乙肝病毒的检测分析及应用研究方面推广使用。
本发明的具体实施过程如下:
实施例1
构建比色传感器并检测乙肝病毒
1、材料
修饰有胆固醇的DNA序列S1、S2、S3购于大连Takara公司。HPLC纯化修饰有biotin的DNA序列S4由上海生工合成。具体序列见下表1所示:
表1
2、检测仪器
酶联免疫检测仪。
3、检测原理
如图1所示,在变性退火条件下,S1、S2两序列能互补成双链,同时由于互补序列的同一端均修饰有疏水性物质胆固醇,在均相亲水性环境中能够自发聚集,从而形成DNA序列构成的球型核酸,又称DNA胶束。而修饰有Hemin的S3又能与S2的另一端互补,经邻位效应形成Hemin/G4,从而构建高效过氧化物酶模拟物复合体。
4、制备及检测过程
(a)将100μL含有1μM乙肝表面抗原的反应液(由90μL 50mM Tris-HCL缓冲液、10μL10μM乙肝表面抗原配制而成)加入96孔板中,于37℃孵育2h,捕获靶物质,然后洗板,加入经0.05mol/L碳酸氢钠缓冲液(pH 9.6)配制而成的浓度为1μM的链霉亲和素10μL,在室温孵育2h。
(b)将S1、S2、S3、S4这四条修饰DNA链按5∶5∶4∶1的摩尔比混合,反应液包括:10μL10×NEBuffer3.0缓冲液、1μL 100μM S1链、1μL 100μM S2链、8μL 10μM S3链、2μL 10μM S4链,95℃变性5min,在冰水浴条件下进行缓慢退火,形成DNA胶束-Hemin/G4(DM-Hemin/G4)复合物;所得反应液超滤离心(300rpm、5min)后得到提纯的DM-Hemin/G4,待用。
(c)将提纯的DM-Hemin/G4加入96孔板室温避光孵育1h,洗板后加入TMB显色液50μL,37℃避光孵育15min。
(d)加入TMB终止液50μL,于450nm处测量紫外吸光度。具体按照以下步骤检测:
(1)设置参数:设置检测通道com3,检测波长450nm;
(2)加入样品,将装有反应板条的96孔板放入酶标仪;
(4)进行检测:点击检测,即可获得信号。
实施例2
验证检测乙肝病毒比色传感器的可行性
将S1、S2、S3、S4混合形成DNA胶束-Hemin/G4复合物(DM-Hemin/G4)后,大分子产物DM-Hemin/G4与未反应的游离核酸链经提纯分离并分别加入TMB显色液、TMB终止液,于450nm处测量紫外吸光度。图2和图3分别显示为胶束组、未合成胶束的游离核酸组、空白对照组的荧光信号光谱图和荧光信号柱状图。
从图2和图3可以看到,仅有胶束组具有明显的信号,而未合成胶束的游离核酸组与空白对照组均无信号。上述结果表明,本发明构建的比色传感器可以检测乙肝病毒。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效,而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下,对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此,举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变,仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。
SEQUENCE LISTING
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Claims (20)
1.一种用于检测乙肝病毒的比色传感器,其特征在于,包括靶标识别部分和信号输出部分,所述靶标识别部分由乙肝表面抗体Ab与修饰有生物素的乙肝表面抗原适体
DNA biotin-aptamer组成,当靶物质乙肝表面抗原加入时,其被Ab捕获,而biotin-aptamer又与抗原结合形成三明治复合物,biotin能与后续加入的链霉亲和素结合;所述信号输出部分包括由S1、S2、S3、S4这四条修饰DNA链形成的DNA胶束-Hemin/G4复合物,所述DNA胶束-Hemin/G4复合物能够催化TMB显色,发出肉眼可见的蓝光,所述S4上修饰有生物素biotin,S4上修饰的生物素能与链霉亲和素结合,从而实现对乙肝表面抗原的检测;
所述S1的核苷酸序列为:
所述S2的核苷酸序列为:
所述S3的核苷酸序列为:
所述S4的核苷酸序列为:
所述靶物质,即乙肝表面抗原适体DNA的核苷酸序列为:
2.根据权利要求1所述的比色传感器的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(a)将含有乙肝表面抗原的反应液加入细胞培养板进行孵育,捕获靶物质,然后洗板,加入链霉亲和素,进行孵育;
(b)将S1、S2、S3、S4这四条修饰DNA链按比例混合,变性退火形成DNA胶束-Hemin/G4复合物;
(c)将DNA胶束-Hemin/G4复合物加入96孔板避光孵育,洗板后加入TMB显色液,避光孵育;
(d)加入TMB终止液,通过测量紫外吸光度检测乙肝病毒。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(a)中,乙肝表面抗原和链霉亲和素的摩尔比为1:1。
4.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(a)中,所述含有乙肝表面抗原的反应液包括Tris-HCL缓冲液和乙肝表面抗原。
5.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(a)中,孵育温度为37℃,孵育时间为1-3h。
6.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(a)中,链霉亲和素加入后,在室温下孵育1-3h。
7.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(b)中,S1、S2、S3和S4的摩尔比为(4-6):(4-6):(3-5):1。
8.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(b)中,将S1、S2、S3和S4加入NEBuffer3.0缓冲液中,进行变性退火。
9.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(b)中,变性温度为90-100℃,变性时间为5min。
10.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(b)中,在冰水浴条件下进行缓慢退火。
11.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(b)中,将退火后所得反应液超滤离心后得到提纯的DNA胶束-Hemin/G4复合物。
12.根据权利要求11所述的制备方法,其特征在于:超滤离心条件为300-500rpm、5-10min。
13.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(c)中,TMB显色液的加入量为40-100μL。
14.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(c)中,DNA胶束-Hemin/G4加入96孔板中,于室温避光孵育0.5-1.5h。
15.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(c)中,TMB显色液加入后,孵育温度为37℃,孵育时间为10-20min。
16.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(d)中,TMB终止液的加入量为40-100μL。
17.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(c)(d)中,TMB显色液和TMB终止液的加入量相等。
18.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(d)中,于450nm处测量紫外吸光度。
19.一种用于检测乙肝病毒的方法,采用权利要求1所述的比色传感器。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法,其特征在于,所述比色传感器按照以下步骤检测:
(1)设置参数:设置检测通道com3,检测波长450nm;
(2)加入样品,将装有反应板条的96孔板放入酶标仪;
(4)进行检测:点击检测,即可获得信号。
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