CN113336601A - Method for preparing biocontrol bacterial manure by bacteria and method for eliminating continuous cropping obstacles of melons - Google Patents
Method for preparing biocontrol bacterial manure by bacteria and method for eliminating continuous cropping obstacles of melons Download PDFInfo
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- 230000000443 biocontrol Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 title abstract 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- MYFXBBAEXORJNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium cyanamide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[N-]=C=[N-] MYFXBBAEXORJNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000009844 Cucumis melo var conomon Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009847 Cucumis melo var cantalupensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940095672 calcium sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003390 magnesium sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 9
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 9
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002333 glycines Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007965 phenolic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000000000 soil microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010010264 Condition aggravated Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010496 root system development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protection of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C1/00—Ammonium nitrate fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing biocontrol bacterial manure by bacteria and a method for eliminating continuous cropping obstacles of melons, which comprises the steps of taking bacillus subtilis separated from a vineyard as a strain, and separating and identifying the strain; sterilizing the carrier matrix; sterilizing semen glycines powder, ammonium nitrate, sucrose, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, and manganese sulfate. The biological control bacterial manure produced by rice bran, wheat bran or corn broken particles is applied to the melon continuous cropping soil, so that biological control bacteria can be brought in, a large amount of organic matters can be brought in the soil, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the price is low, the operation is simple, most of pathogenic bacteria in the soil can be killed by applying lime nitrogen and quicklime to the soil, the occurrence of soil-borne diseases is effectively reduced, an amino acid foliar fertilizer is sprayed, the crop growth is promoted, the quality of crops is improved, and the quality of the melons can be improved by spraying the biological control bacterial manure in the growth period of the melons.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting industry, in particular to a method for preparing biocontrol bacterial manure by bacteria and a method for eliminating continuous cropping obstacles of melons.
Background
The continuous cropping obstacle is the phenomenon that after the same kind or same family crops are continuously planted in the same plot for many years, even if normal cultivation management measures are adopted, the growth vigor of plants is weakened, the plant diseases and insect pests are aggravated, and the yield and the quality are reduced. In ancient China, some records about disease aggravation after continuous cropping of crops are called continuous cropping diseases, and European and American countries call soil-borne diseases, continuous cropping obstacles and replanting diseases. The successive cropping obstacles are characterized by: weak seedling growth, poor root system development, susceptibility to diseases, reduced plant stress resistance and the like.
Soil-borne diseases are treated by measures such as root irrigation and the like to eliminate soil fungi, but when the pesticide is applied to kill the soil fungi, other microorganisms in the soil are also killed; the long-term production of a single crop variety finally causes the deterioration of the physical and chemical properties of soil, which is not beneficial to the growth of crops; and the application of agriculture and chemical fertilizers can promote the growth of crops, but can not eliminate the self-toxic substances generated by the root systems of plants in the soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for preparing biocontrol bacterial manure by bacteria and a method for eliminating continuous cropping obstacles of melons.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a method for preparing a biocontrol bacterial fertilizer by bacteria, which comprises the following steps:
a. taking bacillus subtilis separated in a vineyard as a strain, and separating and identifying the strain;
b. sterilizing the carrier matrix;
c. b, adding sterilized soybean meal, ammonium nitrate, cane sugar, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate and manganese sulfate into the carrier matrix in the step b, adding sterile water and seed liquid of biocontrol bacteria, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a fermentation raw material;
d. and c, fermenting the fermentation raw material obtained in the step c to ensure that the number of biocontrol bacteria in the substrate carrier reaches 1100CFU/gDW carrier substrate.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the carrier matrix in the step b is rice bran, wheat bran or corn material, and in the step b, the wet heat sterilization is carried out under the conditions of 80-100Kpa and 130 ℃ at 100 ℃.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, in the step c, the dosage of the soybean meal, the ammonium nitrate, the sucrose, the magnesium sulfate, the calcium sulfate and the manganese sulfate is 1% -3%, 2% -4%, 0.2% -0.5%, 0.1% -0.2%, 0.02% -0.06%, 0.02% -0.05% of the weight of the fermentation substrate in sequence, the dosage of the sterile water is 50% -65% of the weight of the carrier substrate, the dosage of the biocontrol bacteria seed solution is 1% -1.2% of the weight of the carrier substrate, the total number of bacterial colonies is 4 × 110CFU/mL, and the biocontrol bacteria seed solution is fresh bacterial liquid with the storage time of not more than 36-48 h.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fermentation of the fermentation material in step d is performed in a thermal insulation device, wherein the initial temperature is set to 30-38 ℃, the fermentation time is 20-24 hours, and the ventilation rate in the high temperature period is adjusted to 0.13-0.16m3/(m3min), and ensuring that the temperature of the carrier matrix is maintained to be 38-46 ℃ for fermentation for 48 h.
The invention provides a second technical scheme as follows:
the invention also provides a method for eliminating continuous cropping obstacles of melons by using the biocontrol bacterial manure prepared by bacteria, which specifically comprises the following steps:
a. the method comprises the steps of taking bacillus subtilis separated from a vineyard as a strain, preparing a biocontrol bacterial fertilizer, and uniformly spreading the prepared biocontrol bacterial fertilizer to a melon field according to 138 kg/mu of 134-year-old seeds one month before melon seedling transplantation;
b. spreading lime nitrogen and quicklime into the melon planting soil during the fallow period, turning over, leveling, sealing and watering, covering the soil with a white film after watering to enable the planting area temperature to reach more than 55 ℃, and sealing the greenhouse for 26-35 days;
c. b, after the step b is finished, removing the plastic film, performing ventilation treatment, then performing ploughing, performing ventilation treatment, spraying bio-control bacterial fertilizer and bio-fertilizer, performing rotary tillage, uniformly mixing, ridging, covering a black film, and planting the cultivated sweet melon seedlings in soil; and in the growth process of the melons, the amino acid foliar fertilizer is sprayed to the melons once every 9 to 14 days.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, in the steps a and c, the muskmelon field is selected from nutrient soil without pathogenic bacteria, and 1500-.
As a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the spreading amount of the lime nitrogen and the quicklime in the step b is respectively: lime nitrogen 50-60 kg/667 m250-60 kg of quicklime/667 m2。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can effectively inhibit the growth of soil fungi through biocontrol bacteria, promote the growth of soil bacteria, balance the balance of soil microbial communities, has the function of decomposing coumaric acid which is the main component of melon root secretion, can reduce or even eliminate phenolic acid substances in continuous cropping soil, adopts biocontrol bacterial manure produced by rice bran, wheat bran or corn crushed particles, is applied to the melon continuous cropping soil, can bring biocontrol bacteria into the soil and bring a large amount of organic matters into the soil, can improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil and the health state of the continuous cropping soil, has simple process, easily obtained raw materials, low price and simple operation, is stable and safe in bacterial manure products, can kill most pathogenic bacteria in the soil by applying lime nitrogen and quicklime into the soil, effectively reduces the occurrence of soil-borne diseases, sprays amino acid foliar fertilizer, promotes the growth of crops and improves the quality of the crops, and the spraying is carried out in the melon growth period, so that the quality of the melon can be improved, and the yield of the melon can be increased.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and is in no way intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a method for preparing a biocontrol bacterial fertilizer by bacteria, which comprises the following steps:
a. taking bacillus subtilis separated in a vineyard as a strain, and separating and identifying the strain;
b. performing moist heat sterilization on the rice bran at the temperature of 100 ℃ and at the pressure of 80 Kpa;
c. b, adding sterilized 1% of bean flour, 2% of ammonium nitrate, 0.2% of cane sugar, 0.1% of magnesium sulfate, 0.02% of calcium sulfate and 0.02% of manganese sulfate into the carrier matrix in the step b, adding sterile water accounting for 50% of the weight of the carrier matrix and seed liquid of biocontrol bacteria accounting for 1% of the weight of the carrier matrix, wherein the seed liquid of the biocontrol bacteria is fresh bacterial liquid which is stored for no more than 36-48 hours, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a fermentation raw material;
d. c, fermenting the fermentation material obtained in the step c in a heat preservation device, setting the initial temperature to be 32 ℃, fermenting for 22h, and adjusting the ventilation quantity in the high temperature period to be 0.14m3/(m3min), the temperature of the carrier matrix is maintained to be 40 ℃, fermentation is carried out for 48 hours, and the number of biocontrol bacteria in the matrix carrier is ensured to reach 1100CFU/gDW carrier matrix.
The invention provides a method for eliminating continuous cropping obstacles of melons by using biocontrol bacterial manure prepared by bacteria, which specifically comprises the following steps:
a. the method comprises the following steps of taking bacillus subtilis separated from a vineyard as a strain, preparing biocontrol bacterial manure, and uniformly spreading the prepared biocontrol bacterial manure to melon fields according to 136 kg/mu one month before melon seedlings are transplanted;
b. during the fallow period, 50 kg/667 m of soil for planting the melons is scattered2Lime nitrogen and 50 kg/667 m2Then turning over the quicklime, leveling, sealing and watering, wherein the sealing temperature is maintained at 550 ℃ for 25 days, after watering, covering the soil with a white film to ensure that the temperature of a planting area reaches above 55 ℃, and sealing the greenhouse for 26 days;
c. after the step b is finished, removing the plastic film, performing ventilation treatment, then ploughing, performing ventilation treatment, and spreading 134 kg/mu of biocontrol bacterial manure and 400 kg/667 m2The biological fertilizer is subjected to rotary tillage, uniform mixing, ridging and coveringBlack film, namely planting the cultivated sweet melon seedlings in soil; and in the growth process of the melons, the amino acid foliar fertilizer is sprayed to the melons once every 12 days.
Example 2
The invention provides a method for preparing a biocontrol bacterial fertilizer by bacteria, which comprises the following steps:
a. taking bacillus subtilis separated in a vineyard as a strain, and separating and identifying the strain;
b. performing moist heat sterilization on the wheat bran at 90Kpa and 110 ℃;
c. b, adding 2% of sterilized bean flour, 3% of ammonium nitrate, 0.3% of sucrose, 0.3% of magnesium sulfate, 0.04% of calcium sulfate and 0.03% of manganese sulfate into the carrier matrix in the step b, adding 55% of sterile water and 1.1% of biocontrol bacteria seed liquid into the carrier matrix, wherein the biocontrol bacteria seed liquid is fresh bacterial liquid which is stored for no more than 36-48 hours, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a fermentation raw material;
d. c, fermenting the fermentation material obtained in the step c in a heat preservation device, wherein the initial temperature is 33 ℃, the fermentation time is 24 hours, and the ventilation in the high temperature period is adjusted to be 0.15m3/(m3min), the temperature of the carrier matrix is maintained to 42 ℃, and fermentation is carried out for 48 hours, so that the number of biocontrol bacteria in the matrix carrier is ensured to reach 1100CFU/gDW carrier matrix.
The invention provides a method for eliminating continuous cropping obstacles of melons by using biocontrol bacterial manure prepared by bacteria, which specifically comprises the following steps:
a. the method comprises the following steps of taking bacillus subtilis separated from a vineyard as a strain, preparing biocontrol bacterial manure, and uniformly spreading the prepared biocontrol bacterial manure to melon fields according to 136 kg/mu one month before melon seedlings are transplanted;
b. during the fallow period, 55 kg/667 m of soil for planting the melons is scattered2Lime nitrogen and 55 kg/667 m2Then turning over the quicklime, leveling, sealing and watering, keeping the sealing temperature at 450 ℃ for 25 days, covering the watered quicklime on the soil by using a white film to ensure that the temperature of a planting area reaches above 50 ℃, and sealing the greenhouse for 30 days;
c. after step b is finishedRemoving the plastic film, ventilating, ploughing, and spreading 134 kg/mu biocontrol bacterial fertilizer and 420 kg/667 m2Carrying out rotary tillage and uniform mixing on the biological fertilizer, ridging, covering a black film, and planting the cultured sweet melon seedlings in soil; and in the growth process of the melons, the amino acid foliar fertilizer is sprayed to the melons once every 10 days.
Example 3
The invention provides a method for preparing a biocontrol bacterial fertilizer by bacteria, which comprises the following steps:
a. taking bacillus subtilis separated in a vineyard as a strain, and separating and identifying the strain;
b. performing moist heat sterilization on the corn material at 100Kpa and 130 ℃;
c. adding 3% of sterilized bean flour, 4% of ammonium nitrate, 0.5% of cane sugar, 0.1% of magnesium sulfate, 0.06% of calcium sulfate and 0.05% of manganese sulfate into the carrier matrix in the step b, adding 65% of sterile water and 1.2% of biocontrol bacteria seed liquid into the carrier matrix, wherein the biocontrol bacteria seed liquid is fresh bacterial liquid which is stored for no more than 36-48 hours, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a fermentation raw material;
d. c, fermenting the fermentation material obtained in the step c in a heat preservation device, wherein the initial temperature is 38 ℃, the fermentation time is 24 hours, and the ventilation in the high temperature period is adjusted to be 0.16m3/(m3min), the temperature of the carrier matrix is maintained to 46 ℃, and fermentation is carried out for 48 hours, so that the number of biocontrol bacteria in the matrix carrier is ensured to reach 1100CFU/gDW carrier matrix.
The invention provides a method for eliminating continuous cropping obstacles of melons by using biocontrol bacterial manure prepared by bacteria, which specifically comprises the following steps:
a. the method comprises the following steps of taking bacillus subtilis separated from a vineyard as a strain, preparing biocontrol bacterial manure, and uniformly spreading the prepared biocontrol bacterial manure to melon fields according to 136 kg/mu one month before melon seedlings are transplanted;
b. in the fallow period, 60 kg/667 m of soil for planting the melons is scattered2Lime nitrogen and 60 kg/667 m2Then turning over, leveling, sealing and watering, and maintaining sealing temperatureWatering at 450 deg.C for 25 days, covering with white film on the soil to make the temperature of planting area reach above 50 deg.C, and sealing the shed for 35 days;
c. after the step b is finished, removing the plastic film, performing ventilation treatment, then ploughing, performing ventilation treatment, and sprinkling 136 kg/mu of biocontrol bacterial fertilizer and 450 kg/667 m2Carrying out rotary tillage and uniform mixing on the biological fertilizer, ridging, covering a black film, and planting the cultured sweet melon seedlings in soil; and in the growth process of the melons, the amino acid foliar fertilizer is sprayed to the melons once every 11 days.
The invention can effectively inhibit the growth of soil fungi through biocontrol bacteria, promote the growth of soil bacteria, balance the balance of soil microbial communities, has the function of decomposing coumaric acid which is the main component of melon root secretion, can reduce or even eliminate phenolic acid substances in continuous cropping soil, adopts biocontrol bacterial manure produced by rice bran, wheat bran or corn crushed particles, is applied to the melon continuous cropping soil, can bring biocontrol bacteria into the soil and bring a large amount of organic matters into the soil, can improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil and the health state of the continuous cropping soil, has simple process, easily obtained raw materials, low price and simple operation, is stable and safe in bacterial manure products, can kill most pathogenic bacteria in the soil by applying lime nitrogen and quicklime into the soil, effectively reduces the occurrence of soil-borne diseases, sprays amino acid foliar fertilizer, promotes the growth of crops and improves the quality of the crops, and the spraying is carried out in the melon growth period, so that the quality of the melon can be improved, and the yield of the melon can be increased.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for preparing biocontrol bacterial fertilizer by bacteria is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. taking bacillus subtilis separated in a vineyard as a strain, and separating and identifying the strain;
b. sterilizing the carrier matrix;
c. b, adding sterilized soybean meal, ammonium nitrate, cane sugar, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate and manganese sulfate into the carrier matrix in the step b, adding sterile water and seed liquid of biocontrol bacteria, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a fermentation raw material;
d. and c, fermenting the fermentation raw material obtained in the step c to ensure that the number of biocontrol bacteria in the substrate carrier reaches 1100CFU/gDW carrier substrate.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carrier matrix in step b is rice bran, wheat bran or corn material, and the bacteria are sterilized by moist heat at 80-100Kpa and 130 ℃ in step b.
3. The method for preparing the biocontrol bacterial fertilizer by using the bacteria as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step c, the soybean meal, the ammonium nitrate, the sucrose, the magnesium sulfate, the calcium sulfate and the manganese sulfate are sequentially used in an amount of 1% -3%, 2% -4%, 0.2% -0.5%, 0.1% -0.2%, 0.02% -0.06% and 0.02% -0.05% of the weight of the fermentation substrate, the amount of sterile water is 50% -65% of the weight of the carrier substrate, the amount of biocontrol bacterial seed liquid is 1% -1.2% of the weight of the carrier substrate, the total number of bacterial colonies is 4 x 110CFU/mL, and the biocontrol bacterial seed liquid is fresh bacterial liquid with the storage time of not more than 36-48 h.
4. The method for preparing biocontrol bacterial manure through bacteria as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fermentation of the fermentation raw material in the step d is performed in a thermal insulation device, the initial temperature is set to 30-38 ℃, the fermentation time is 20-24h, and the ventilation rate in the high temperature period is adjusted to 0.13-0.16m3/(m3min), ensuring that the temperature of the carrier matrix is maintained to be 38-46 ℃, and fermenting for 48 h.
5. A method for eliminating continuous cropping obstacles of melons by using biocontrol bacterial manure prepared by bacteria is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. the method comprises the steps of taking bacillus subtilis separated from a vineyard as a strain, preparing a biocontrol bacterial fertilizer, and uniformly spreading the prepared biocontrol bacterial fertilizer to a melon field according to 138 kg/mu of 134-year-old seeds one month before melon seedling transplantation;
b. spreading lime nitrogen and quicklime into the melon planting soil during the fallow period, turning over, leveling, sealing and watering, covering the soil with a white film after watering to enable the planting area temperature to reach more than 55 ℃, and sealing the greenhouse for 26-35 days;
c. b, after the step b is finished, removing the plastic film, performing ventilation treatment, then performing ploughing, performing ventilation treatment, spraying bio-control bacterial fertilizer and bio-fertilizer, performing rotary tillage, uniformly mixing, ridging, covering a black film, and planting the cultivated sweet melon seedlings in soil; and in the growth process of the melons, the amino acid foliar fertilizer is sprayed to the melons once every 9 to 14 days.
6. The method for preparing biocontrol bacterial manure by using bacteria as claimed in claim 5, wherein pathogen-free nutrient soil is selected for muskmelon field in steps a and c, and 1500-.
7. The method for preparing biocontrol bacterial manure by bacteria as claimed in claim 5, wherein the spreading amount of lime nitrogen and quicklime in the step b are respectively as follows: lime nitrogen 50-60 kg/667 m250-60 kg of quicklime/667 m2。
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| CN117247296A (en) * | 2023-09-22 | 2023-12-19 | 安顺市农业科学院 | Vegetable seedling substrate recycling method |
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