Background
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a non-contact, non-invasive, high-resolution optical tomography of living tissue.
The OCT working principle is similar to that of ultrasonic tomography, but not based on ultrasonic waves, broadband near-infrared light is used as a detection medium, and the low coherence characteristic of light is utilized to realize accurate detection of reflected light wave delays at different depths in tissues, so that the tomographic structure information of the tissues can be obtained in a non-contact manner, and the resolution can reach the micron-scale resolution which is close to that of a pathological section of the tissues observed under a microscope.
OCT has found wide application in the field of ophthalmic diagnostics due to the realization of in vivo microscopic imaging of tissue faults. In recent years, a frequency domain OCT (SD-OCT) has been a mainstream technique adopted by an ophthalmic OCT product in the current market due to its advantages of fast imaging speed and high sensitivity, and the frequency domain OCT obtains interference information in depth through interference signals of various frequencies in a spectrum.
With the increase of market demand, higher requirements are also put on the performance of OCT products, but the OCT products in the existing market have the following technical defects:
1. the scanning speed of the traditional frequency domain OCT is limited by the refreshing frequency of the CCD camera, and the qualitative leap is difficult. The scanning speed of frequency domain OCT including foreign brand name is less than 0KHz of display (10).
2. Most modern swept OCT scan speeds can reach 200kHz or more, but are limited by the availability of light sources, and only a few american companies are currently available in large quantities and are expensive.
The OCTA technology can realize the intraocular vascular imaging function on the living body, and can assist doctors to check the vascular function, whether the new vessels (CNV) exist and other characteristics of patients who are not suitable for FFA fluorography. But products with OCTA on the market are basically based on the swept frequency OCT technology and are expensive. .
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a frequency domain OCT/OCTA system optical design, electronic design, mechanical design and software algorithm design based on ultra-high scanning speed, which has the functions of anterior segment imaging, posterior segment OCT imaging and OCT blood vessel imaging.
The invention relates to a high-speed scanning eye examination instrument, wherein main components of a Tai HS 300 system comprise an OCT host (comprising a case, an optical scanning probe, a display, a keyboard and a mouse) and an electric lifting table; the system also provides an external anterior ocular segment adapter (optional) to cooperate with anterior ocular segment scanning imaging. Before selecting an anterior ocular segment scan, the user must manually mount the anterior ocular segment adapter to the optical scanning probe eyepiece position.
The invention relates to a high-speed scanning eye inspection tester, an optical probe module comprises: the device comprises a galvanometer scanning module, a confocal fundus imaging module, an internal fixation module, a refraction correction module and a front segment mirror.
The invention relates to a high-speed scanning eye inspection tester, an OCT imaging engine module comprises: superluminescent diode light source, interferometer, spectrum appearance, control circuit board, industrial computer.
The invention relates to a high-speed scanning eye inspection tester, which comprises a user auxiliary module: patient support, mobile workbench, keyboard, mouse, display, electric elevating platform (optional).
The invention relates to a high-speed scanning eye examination instrument, wherein the software part comprises modules for image acquisition, analysis, electronic report generation and printing, patient database management, user management and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the frequency domain OCT/OCTA system based on the ultra-high scanning speed has the functions of optical design, electronic design, mechanical design and software algorithm design, has the functions of anterior segment imaging, posterior segment OCT imaging and OCT blood vessel imaging, has the basic analysis function required by fundus diseases, and is simple and convenient to operate and excellent in image quality.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 1, the main components of the Tai HS 300 system of the high-speed scanning eye examination apparatus of the present invention include an OCT host (including a chassis, an optical scanning probe, a display 10, a keyboard 12, and a mouse 11) and an electric elevating table; the system also provides an external anterior ocular segment adapter (optional) to cooperate with anterior ocular segment scanning imaging. Before selecting the anterior ocular segment for scanning, a user needs to manually install an anterior ocular segment adapter to the position of an eyepiece of an optical scanning probe; the near-infrared light emitted by the super-radiation light-emitting diode light source is focused to the fundus of a human eye through the optical fiber coupler, the two-dimensional Galvo galvanometer is used for realizing the rapid scanning of the focused light beam on the fundus, the interference spectrum signal between the light signal reflected from the fundus and the reference light signal is detected by adopting the optical frequency domain coherence technique, and the tomographic image of the fundus structure is reconstructed in real time based on the Fourier transform algorithm.
The optical coherence tomography Tai HS 300 adopts broadband near infrared light as a detection medium, and utilizes the low coherence characteristic of light to realize the accurate detection of the reflected light wave delays at different depths in the tissue, thereby obtaining the tomographic structure information of the tissue in a non-contact manner and realizing the in-vivo microscopic imaging of the tissue fault.
The near-infrared light emitted by the super-light emitting diode light source is focused to the fundus of a human eye through the optical fiber coupler, the two-dimensional Galvo galvanometer is used for realizing the rapid scanning of the focused light beam on the fundus, the interference spectrum signal between the light signal reflected from the fundus and the reference light signal is detected by adopting the optical frequency domain coherence technique, and the tomographic image of the fundus structure is reconstructed in real time based on the Fourier transform algorithm.
Optical coherence tomography Tai HS 300, the core components include:
a spectrometer that can detect all interference spectrum fringes at different depths simultaneously by using a CCD line scan camera.
SLD light source, broadband SLD light at 840nm center wavelength.
A fiber optic interferometer comprising two fiber optic couplers.
The beam from the sample path is passed to the eye through a transverse scanning mirror, and the beam from the reference path and the reflected light from the sample path are sent to the spectrometer through a fiber optic coupler. When the optical path lengths of the reference and sample arms are matched, the detector on the spectrometer will show modulation fringes.
By analyzing these fringe information using FFT (fast fourier transform), depth information of the object under test can be obtained at each given point on the retina, which makes it possible to simultaneously detect the reflectance on the tissue from different axial locations (similar to an ultrasound axial scan), by scanning the eye laterally, obtaining multiple axial scans along the path points traversed (similar to an ultrasound bi-directional scan), from which OCT B-scan images are created and can be stored on a computer or in an archive for quantitative analysis.
The optical coherence tomography Tai HS 300, axial scan a-scan rate of 250000 lines per second, a single axial scan containing 1024 pixels of display, and B-scan consisting of 512 axial scans a-scan, can provide histo-structural tomograms similar to histopathological sections.
The main product performance indexes are determined in the research and development process of the optical coherence tomography scanner device, wherein the main product performance indexes comprise:
OCT axial resolution: less than or equal to 5 mu m
OCT lateral resolution: less than or equal to 20 mu m
Light source characteristics: SLD characteristics for OCT measurement and fundus imaging: center wavelength: 840nm, tolerance + -15 nm; power: less than or equal to 1000 muW (at the cornea.
The invention relates to a high-speed scanning eye inspection tester, an optical probe 2 module comprises: the device comprises a galvanometer scanning module, a confocal fundus imaging module, an internal fixation module, a refraction correction module and a front segment mirror; the galvanometer scanning module collimates the detection light beam emitted by the OCT sample arm optical fiber to enter the pupil of the human eye and focuses the detection light beam to the fundus of the human eye, and the X/Y Galvo galvanometer is used for realizing the field scanning of the incident light beam by taking the pupil of the human eye as the axis, so that the two-dimensional grid scanning of the focused light spot on the fundus of the human eye is realized. According to the reversible principle of the optical path, optical signals scattered back from the fundus are collected to the optical fiber of the OCT sample arm and then transmitted back to the rear-end imaging engine; the confocal fundus imaging module collects and realizes confocal detection of scattered light of the fundus of a human eye, photoelectric conversion is realized through an avalanche diode, and the photoelectric conversion is transmitted back to the rear-end imaging engine to generate a fundus image; the internal fixation module realizes multi-view fixation on human eyes by projecting the LED array target to the eyeground; the distance between the scanning mirror and the ocular lens is adjusted by the refraction correction module through the linear guide rail, so that the ametropia of the human eye is compensated; the anterior segment lens focuses an incident beam to the anterior segment (cornea, anterior chamber) of the eye by additionally arranging the anterior segment lens in front of the ocular lens.
The invention relates to a high-speed scanning eye inspection tester, an OCT imaging engine module comprises: the system comprises a superluminescent diode light source, an interferometer, a spectrometer, a control circuit board and an industrial personal computer; the super-light emitting diode light source is used as an instrument light source to generate broadband continuous near-infrared light with the central wavelength of 840 nm; the interferometer divides light emitted by a light source into two light beams according to a certain splitting ratio through an optical fiber coupler, the two light beams are respectively transmitted to an optical probe 2 as sample light and transmitted to a reference arm delay line as reference light, then signal light reflected from the eye ground of a human eye and reference light reflected by a reference arm are converged in the optical fiber coupler, then the sample arm and the reference arm are close to an equal optical path by adjusting the delay line, an interference signal is generated, and the interference signal is transmitted to a spectrometer; the spectrometer receives an interference signal from the interferometer, forms an interference spectrum by light splitting of a built-in transmission grating, focuses the interference spectrum on a linear array CCD pixel array of the camera, and converts an optical signal of the interference spectrum into an electric signal to be transmitted to the image acquisition card; the control circuit board is used for realizing automatic control and state monitoring of the instrument; the industrial personal computer runs a product operating system and an application program, and visualizes and stores image data.
The invention relates to a high-speed scanning eye inspection tester, which comprises a user auxiliary module: a patient support, a movable workbench, a keyboard 12, a mouse 11, a display 10 and an electric lifting table (optional); the patient support supports the head of the patient, so that the face and the eyes of the patient are in proper positions when the patient is scanned; the workbench is moved to enable the optical probe 2 to translate in the horizontal direction; the keyboard 12 helps the user operate the computer; the mouse 11 helps the user to operate the computer; the display 10 displays the OCT scanning image and the analysis result; the height of the patient support can be adjusted within a certain range by the electric lifting table (matching), so that the patient support can meet the requirements of different patients as much as possible.
The invention relates to a high-speed scanning eye examination instrument, wherein a software part comprises modules for image acquisition, analysis, electronic report generation and printing, patient database management, user management and the like; the image acquisition module defines a beam scanning pattern, acquires and displays an eye fundus image and an OCT (optical coherence tomography) sectional image transmitted back by the imaging engine in real time, assists a doctor to automatically center the OCT image and optimizes the OCT image quality; storing the optimized OCT image; the image analysis module is used for visualizing the OCT image, adjusting the brightness and contrast of the image and providing a ruler tool for measuring the linear distance between any two points in the OCT tomographic image. Generating and printing a diagnosis electronic report (PDF format), and exporting the report to an external storage device, such as a U disk; the patient information management and user management module creates a patient account, searches, checks and modifies the existing patient information and examination records. User account management, data backup, etc.
The invention relates to a high-speed scanning eye inspection tester, which works, 1. the high-speed CMOS camera is adopted to replace the traditional CCD camera, the scanning speed can reach 250KHz, and the scanning speed even exceeds the scanning speed of expensive frequency-sweeping OCT.
2. The price is much lower than that of the frequency-sweep OCT due to the traditional frequency-domain OCT.
3. The OCTA function is developed, so that the product integrates 3 functions of posterior segment of the eye, anterior segment of the eye and blood flow OCT, and the cost performance of the product is improved greatly. .
The high-speed scanning eye inspection tester has the advantages that the installation mode, the connection mode or the arrangement mode are common mechanical modes, and the high-speed scanning eye inspection tester can be implemented as long as the beneficial effects of the high-speed scanning eye inspection tester can be achieved; the display 10, the mouse 11 and the keyboard 12 of the high-speed scanning eye examination instrument are purchased from the market, and technicians in the industry only need to install and operate the instrument according to the attached operating instructions.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.