CN113153256A - Ground automatic control guiding drilling method and device based on top drive and rotary table - Google Patents
Ground automatic control guiding drilling method and device based on top drive and rotary table Download PDFInfo
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- CN113153256A CN113153256A CN202110377307.3A CN202110377307A CN113153256A CN 113153256 A CN113153256 A CN 113153256A CN 202110377307 A CN202110377307 A CN 202110377307A CN 113153256 A CN113153256 A CN 113153256A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ground automatic control guiding well drilling method and a device based on a top drive and a turntable, wherein the method comprises the following steps: judging whether the pressure exists between the drill column and the well wall, if so, controlling the drill column to rotate leftwards and rightwards alternately until the pressure does not exist between the drill column and the well wall; and judging whether the real-time tool face angle and the preset tool face angle have deviation or not, and if the real-time tool face angle and the preset tool face angle have deviation, adjusting the real-time tool face angle to enable the real-time tool face angle to be consistent with the preset tool face angle. The invention has the beneficial effects that: in the sliding drilling process, the supporting pressure between the drill column and the well wall is released by controlling the drill column to rotate leftwards and rightwards alternately; meanwhile, in the sliding drilling process, the real-time tool face angle is adjusted to be consistent with the preset tool face angle, so that the tool face angle of a drilling motor is corrected without manually operating a drilling machine, and the sliding drilling efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling, in particular to a ground automatic control guiding drilling method and device based on a top drive and a rotary table.
Background
Currently, the following two technologies are mainly used for drilling directional wells and horizontal wells in the stratum as expected: the rotary steering well drilling technology and the sliding well drilling technology have the advantages that the use cost is extremely high, the application range is limited, and the sliding well drilling technology is a current domestic mainstream well track control means for directional wells and horizontal wells. The sliding drilling technology has the advantages of lower cost, and only adds a downhole power drilling tool and a measurement while drilling instrument compared with the conventional drilling; disadvantages of the sliding drilling technique include the following two points:
1) in the sliding drilling process, a drill string above a drill bit does not rotate and can only slide along the axial direction of a well hole, the phenomenon of 'pressure supporting' is easy to occur, the drilling pressure can not be effectively transmitted to the drill bit, the mechanical drilling speed is slow, the drilling efficiency is low, or the drilling pressure is suddenly released to cause the braking of an underground power drilling tool, and meanwhile, the complex underground risk is greatly increased.
2) At present, the sliding drilling mainly adopts a manual operation drilling machine to correct the tool face angle of a drilling motor, and the efficiency is very low.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need to provide a ground automatic control guided drilling method and system based on a top drive and a rotary table, so as to solve the technical problems that the conventional sliding drilling process is prone to pressure bearing phenomenon, and the drilling efficiency is low and the risk is high due to the fact that a drilling machine needs to be manually operated to correct the tool face angle of a drilling motor.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a surface automatic control guided drilling method based on a top drive and a rotary table, comprising the steps of:
judging whether the pressure exists between the drill column and the well wall, if so, controlling the drill column to rotate leftwards and rightwards alternately until the pressure does not exist between the drill column and the well wall;
and judging whether the real-time tool face angle and the preset tool face angle have deviation or not, and if the real-time tool face angle and the preset tool face angle have deviation, adjusting the real-time tool face angle to enable the real-time tool face angle to be consistent with the preset tool face angle.
Further, judge whether there is the backing pressure between drilling string and the wall of a well, if there is the backing pressure between drilling string and the wall of a well, then control drilling string and rotate left and right in turn, do not have the backing pressure between drilling string and the wall of a well until, specifically do: acquiring riser pressure, bit pressure and bottom torque; judging whether the pressure between the drill column and the well wall exists or not according to the obtained pressure of the vertical pipe and the obtained bit pressure; if the pressure between the drill string and the well wall exists, the top drive drives the drill string to rotate leftwards and rightwards alternately to reduce the friction resistance of the drill string until the pressure does not exist between the drill string and the well wall.
Further, according to the obtained pressure of the riser and the obtained bit pressure, the method for judging whether the pressure support exists between the drill string and the well wall comprises the following steps: if the difference value between the pressure of the vertical pipe and the bit pressure is equal to 0, the pressure between the drill string and the well wall exists, and if the difference value between the pressure of the vertical pipe and the bit pressure is larger than 0, the pressure between the drill string and the well wall does not exist.
Further, if the pressure exists between the drill string and the well wall, the top drive drives the drill string to rotate leftwards and rightwards alternately to reduce the friction resistance of the drill string, and in the step that the pressure does not exist between the drill string and the well wall, the right-hand torque in the rotation process of the drill string is not more than 70% of the bottom torque, and the left-hand torque is not more than 50% of the bottom torque.
Further, judge whether there is the deviation between real-time instrument face angle and the preset instrument face angle, if there is the deviation between real-time instrument face angle and the preset instrument face angle, then adjust instrument face angle so that it accords with preset instrument face angle, specifically do: acquiring a real-time tool face angle and a preset tool face angle; and according to the obtained real-time tool face angle and the preset tool face angle, obtaining a deviation angle of the real-time tool face angle and the preset tool face angle, and applying a torque to the drilling motor by using the obtained deviation angle so as to enable the real-time tool face angle to be consistent with the preset tool face angle.
Further, the specific method for acquiring the real-time tool face angle is as follows: obtaining a drilling fluid circulating pump pressure and a large hook static load; setting the torque of the surface drill column to be zero as a coordinate zero point; applying a torque to the surface drill string in a rightward rotation, and recording the maximum drill string torque when the torque reaches a maximum; and obtaining a real-time tool face angle according to the drilling fluid circulating pump pressure, the hook static load and the maximum drill string torque.
Further, according to the obtained real-time tool face angle and the preset tool face angle, obtaining the deviation angle of the real-time tool face angle and the preset tool face angle, and applying a torque to the drilling motor by the obtained deviation angle so as to make the real-time tool face angle conform to the preset tool face angle, specifically: when T isFt<TFdIn the meantime, the right-hand angle of the drilling motor is: t isFd-TFt+Rta(ii) a When T isFt>TFdIn the meantime, the right-hand angle of the drilling motor is: 360 ° - (T)Fd-TFt)+Rta(ii) a Wherein, TFdPresetting a tool face angle; t isFtIs the real-time toolface angle; rtaIs the anti-torque angle.
In a second aspect, the present invention also provides an apparatus for reducing friction drag of a sliding drilling string, comprising a sensor assembly, a directional drilling mechanism, and a controller; the directional drilling mechanism comprises a mud pump, a top drive, a drill string and a steerable drilling motor, wherein an outlet of the mud pump is connected with the upper end of the top drive, the lower end of the top drive is connected with the upper end of the drill string, and the drilling motor is connected with the lower end of the drill string. The controller controls the rotation direction and speed of the drill string and the tool face angle of the drilling motor according to the parameters acquired by the sensor assembly based on the ground automatic control guiding drilling method based on the top drive and the turntable, so that no pressure exists between the drill string and the well wall, and the real-time tool face angle is consistent with the preset tool face angle.
Further, the sensor assembly comprises a tool face angle sensor, a top drive drill pipe torque sensor, a drill pipe angle deviation sensor, a riser pressure sensor and a hook load sensor; the tool face angle sensor is used for acquiring a real-time tool face angle; the top drive drill rod torque sensor is used for acquiring bottom torque; the drill rod angle deviation sensor is used for acquiring a drill rod angle deviation value; the riser pressure sensor is used for acquiring riser pressure; the hook load sensor is used for acquiring hook static load.
Further, the device for reducing the friction resistance of the sliding drilling string further comprises a display, wherein the display is connected with the controller and is used for displaying the drilling parameters.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, in the sliding drilling process, whether the pressure exists between the drill string and the well wall or not is judged in real time, if so, the drill string is controlled to rotate leftwards and rightwards alternately, so that the static friction between the drill string and the well wall is adjusted into the dynamic friction, and the dynamic friction coefficient between the drill string and the well wall is smaller than the static friction coefficient, so that the friction resistance between the drill string and the well wall can be greatly reduced, and the pressure between the drill string and the well wall is released; meanwhile, in the sliding drilling process, the real-time tool face angle is adjusted to be consistent with the preset tool face angle, so that the tool face angle of a drilling motor is corrected without manually operating a drilling machine, and the sliding drilling efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of one embodiment of a top drive and rotary table based surface automated guided drilling method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of step S1 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of step S2 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the apparatus for reducing friction drag of a sliding drilling string provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the directional drilling mechanism of FIG. 4;
in the figure: 1-slurry pump, 2-top drive, 3-drill string, 4-drilling motor.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a ground automatic control guided drilling method based on a top drive and a rotary table, comprising the following steps:
s1, judging whether the pressure exists between the drill string and the well wall, if so, controlling the drill string to rotate leftwards and rightwards alternately until the pressure does not exist between the drill string and the well wall;
and S2, judging whether the real-time tool face angle and the preset tool face angle have deviation or not, and if so, adjusting the real-time tool face angle to be consistent with the preset tool face angle.
According to the invention, in the sliding drilling process, whether the pressure exists between the drill string and the well wall or not is judged in real time, if so, the drill string is controlled to rotate leftwards and rightwards alternately, so that the static friction between the drill string and the well wall is adjusted into the dynamic friction, and the dynamic friction coefficient between the drill string and the well wall is smaller than the static friction coefficient, so that the friction resistance between the drill string and the well wall can be greatly reduced, and the pressure between the drill string and the well wall is released; meanwhile, in the sliding drilling process, the real-time tool face angle is adjusted to be consistent with the preset tool face angle, so that the tool face angle of a drilling motor is corrected without manually operating a drilling machine, and the sliding drilling efficiency is improved.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
s11, acquiring riser pressure, bit pressure and bottom torque;
s12, judging whether the pressure support exists between the drill string and the well wall according to the obtained pressure of the riser and the obtained bit pressure, wherein the method for judging whether the pressure support exists between the drill string and the well wall is as follows: if the difference value between the pressure of the vertical pipe and the bit pressure is equal to 0, the pressure between the drill string and the well wall exists, and if the difference value between the pressure of the vertical pipe and the bit pressure is larger than 0, the pressure between the drill string and the well wall does not exist.
S13, if the pressure exists between the drill string and the well wall, the top drive drives the drill string to rotate alternately leftwards and rightwards to reduce the friction resistance of the drill string until the pressure does not exist between the drill string and the well wall, the right-hand torque in the rotation process of the drill string is not more than 70% of the bottom torque, the left-hand torque is not more than 50% of the bottom torque, if the effect is not good, the left-hand torque limit value is increased by 2% -5% of the bottom torque, and the surface drill string is tried to rotate leftwards and rightwards again until the pressure is eliminated.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3, the step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
s21, acquiring a real-time tool face angle and a preset tool face angle;
the specific method for acquiring the real-time tool face angle comprises the following steps:
obtaining a drilling fluid circulating pump pressure and a large hook static load;
setting the torque of the surface drill column to be zero as a coordinate zero point;
applying a torque to the surface drill string in a rightward rotation, and recording the maximum drill string torque when the torque reaches a maximum;
and obtaining a real-time tool face angle according to the drilling fluid circulating pump pressure, the hook static load and the maximum drill string torque.
S22, obtaining a deviation angle of the real-time tool face angle and the preset tool face angle according to the obtained real-time tool face angle and the preset tool face angle, and applying a torque to the drilling motor by using the obtained deviation angle so as to make the real-time tool face angle conform to the preset tool face angle, wherein:
when T isFt<TFdIn the meantime, the right-hand angle of the drilling motor is: t isFd-TFt+Rta；
When T isFt>TFdIn the meantime, the right-hand angle of the drilling motor is: 360 ° - (T)Fd-TFt)+Rta；
Wherein, TFdPresetting a tool face angle; t isFtIs the real-time toolface angle; rtaIs the anti-torque angle.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 4 and 5, the present invention further provides an apparatus for reducing friction of a sliding drill string, comprising a sensor assembly, a directional drilling mechanism, and a controller.
Referring to fig. 3, the directional drilling mechanism includes a mud pump 1, a top drive 2, a drill string 3 and a steerable drilling motor 4, an outlet of the mud pump 1 is connected to an upper end of the top drive 2, a lower end of the top drive 2 is connected to an upper end of the drill string 3, and the drilling motor 4 is connected to a lower end of the drill string 3.
Referring to fig. 3, the controller controls the rotation direction and speed of the drill string 3 and the tool face angle of the drilling motor 4 according to the parameters acquired by the sensor assembly based on the ground automatic control guided drilling method based on the top drive and the rotary table provided by the present invention, so that there is no back pressure between the drill string 3 and the borehole wall and the real-time tool face angle matches the preset tool face angle.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3, the sensor assembly includes a tool face angle sensor, a top drive drill pipe torque sensor, a drill pipe angle deviation sensor, a riser pressure sensor, and a hook load sensor; the tool face angle sensor is mounted in the top tool joint and is used for acquiring a real-time tool face angle; the top drive drill pipe torque sensor is arranged in the top tool joint and is used for acquiring bottom torque; the drill rod angle deviation sensor is used for acquiring a drill rod angle deviation value; the vertical pipe pressure sensor is arranged at one end of the mud pump for injecting drilling fluid and is used for acquiring the pressure of the vertical pipe; the hook load sensor is used for acquiring hook static load.
Preferably, referring to fig. 3, the device for reducing friction resistance of a sliding drilling string further comprises a display connected to the controller and used for displaying drilling parameters, in this embodiment, the drilling parameters include a drilling direction, a real-time toolface angle, a preset toolface angle, a bottom torque, a drill pipe angle deviation value, a riser pressure, a hook dead weight load, and the like.
Preferably, referring to fig. 3, the apparatus for reducing friction drag of a sliding drilling string further comprises an input device, thereby facilitating the driller to input drilling control parameters.
In conclusion, in the sliding drilling process, whether the pressure between the drill string and the well wall exists or not is judged in real time, if yes, the drill string is controlled to rotate leftwards and rightwards alternately, so that the static friction between the drill string and the well wall is adjusted to be dynamic friction, and the dynamic friction coefficient between the drill string and the well wall is smaller than the static friction coefficient, so that the friction resistance between the drill string and the well wall can be greatly reduced, and the pressure between the drill string and the well wall is released; meanwhile, in the sliding drilling process, the real-time tool face angle is adjusted to be consistent with the preset tool face angle, so that the tool face angle of a drilling motor is corrected without manually operating a drilling machine, and the sliding drilling efficiency is improved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A ground automatic control guiding well drilling method based on a top drive and a rotary table is characterized by comprising the following steps:
judging whether the pressure exists between the drill column and the well wall, if so, controlling the drill column to rotate leftwards and rightwards alternately until the pressure does not exist between the drill column and the well wall;
and judging whether the real-time tool face angle and the preset tool face angle have deviation or not, and if the real-time tool face angle and the preset tool face angle have deviation, adjusting the real-time tool face angle to enable the real-time tool face angle to be consistent with the preset tool face angle.
2. The ground automatic control guiding drilling method based on the top drive and the rotary table as claimed in claim 1, wherein whether a pressure bearing exists between the drill string and the well wall or not is judged, if the pressure bearing exists between the drill string and the well wall, the drill string is controlled to rotate leftwards and rightwards alternatively until the pressure bearing does not exist between the drill string and the well wall, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
acquiring riser pressure, bit pressure and bottom torque;
judging whether the pressure between the drill column and the well wall exists or not according to the obtained pressure of the vertical pipe and the obtained bit pressure;
if the pressure between the drill string and the well wall exists, the top drive drives the drill string to rotate leftwards and rightwards alternately to reduce the friction resistance of the drill string until the pressure does not exist between the drill string and the well wall.
3. The method for automatically controlling and guiding the well drilling on the ground based on the top drive and the rotary table according to claim 2, wherein the method for judging whether the pressure bearing exists between the drill string and the well wall or not according to the acquired riser pressure and the acquired bit pressure comprises the following steps: if the difference value between the pressure of the vertical pipe and the bit pressure is equal to 0, the pressure between the drill string and the well wall exists, and if the difference value between the pressure of the vertical pipe and the bit pressure is larger than 0, the pressure between the drill string and the well wall does not exist.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein if there is a back-pressure between the drill string and the borehole wall, the top drive drives the drill string to rotate alternately left and right to reduce the friction of the drill string, and the right-hand torque during rotation of the drill string is not greater than 70% of the bottom torque and the left-hand torque is not greater than 50% of the bottom torque during the step of no back-pressure between the drill string and the borehole wall.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises determining whether a deviation exists between the real-time toolface angle and a preset toolface angle, and if the deviation exists between the real-time toolface angle and the preset toolface angle, adjusting the toolface angle to conform to the preset toolface angle, specifically:
acquiring a real-time tool face angle and a preset tool face angle;
and according to the obtained real-time tool face angle and the preset tool face angle, obtaining a deviation angle of the real-time tool face angle and the preset tool face angle, and applying a torque to the drilling motor by using the obtained deviation angle so as to enable the real-time tool face angle to be consistent with the preset tool face angle.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the real-time toolface angle is obtained by:
obtaining a drilling fluid circulating pump pressure and a large hook static load;
setting the torque of the surface drill column to be zero as a coordinate zero point;
applying a torque to the surface drill string in a rightward rotation, and recording the maximum drill string torque when the torque reaches a maximum;
and obtaining a real-time tool face angle according to the drilling fluid circulating pump pressure, the hook static load and the maximum drill string torque.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein a deviation angle between the real-time toolface angle and the preset toolface angle is obtained according to the obtained real-time toolface angle and the preset toolface angle, and a torque is applied to the drilling motor by the obtained deviation angle so that the real-time toolface angle is consistent with the preset toolface angle, specifically:
when T isFt<TFdIn the meantime, the right-hand angle of the drilling motor is: t isFd-TFt+Rta；
When T isFt>TFdIn the meantime, the right-hand angle of the drilling motor is: 360 ° - (T)Fd-TFt)+Rta；
Wherein, TFdPresetting a tool face angle; t isFtIs the real-time toolface angle; rtaIs the anti-torque angle.
8. An apparatus for reducing friction drag of a sliding drilling string comprising a sensor assembly, a directional drilling mechanism, and a controller;
the directional drilling mechanism comprises a mud pump, a top drive, a drill string and a steerable drilling motor, wherein an outlet of the mud pump is connected with the upper end of the top drive, the lower end of the top drive is connected with the upper end of the drill string, and the drilling motor is connected with the lower end of the drill string;
the controller controls the rotation direction and speed of the drill string and the toolface angle of the drilling motor according to the parameters acquired by the sensor assembly based on the top drive and rotary table based surface automatic control guided drilling method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, so that no pressure bearing exists between the drill string and the well wall and the real-time toolface angle is consistent with the preset toolface angle.
9. The apparatus for reducing friction drag of a sliding drilling string of claim 8, wherein the sensor assembly comprises a toolface angle sensor, a top drive drill pipe torque sensor, a drill pipe angle offset sensor, a riser pressure sensor, and a hook load sensor;
the tool face angle sensor is used for acquiring a real-time tool face angle;
the top drive drill rod torque sensor is used for acquiring bottom torque;
the drill rod angle deviation sensor is used for acquiring a drill rod angle deviation value;
the riser pressure sensor is used for acquiring riser pressure;
the hook load sensor is used for acquiring hook static load.
10. The apparatus for reducing friction drag of a sliding drilling string according to claim 8, further comprising a display connected to said controller for displaying drilling parameters.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110377307.3A CN113153256A (en) | 2021-04-08 | 2021-04-08 | Ground automatic control guiding drilling method and device based on top drive and rotary table |
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| CN202110377307.3A CN113153256A (en) | 2021-04-08 | 2021-04-08 | Ground automatic control guiding drilling method and device based on top drive and rotary table |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040118612A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-06-24 | Marc Haci | Method of and apparatus for directional drilling |
| CN103277048A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-09-04 | 长江大学 | Automatic sliding well drilling control device |
| CN104141482A (en) * | 2014-06-28 | 2014-11-12 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Directional sliding drilling monitoring while drilling control device and control method of directional sliding drilling monitoring while drilling control device |
| CN105332688A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-02-17 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Ground control method of directional drilling adopting mud motor |
| CN106437513A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-22 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Complex structural well friction resistance reduction and power drill tool face adjusting method |
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2021
- 2021-04-08 CN CN202110377307.3A patent/CN113153256A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040118612A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-06-24 | Marc Haci | Method of and apparatus for directional drilling |
| CN103277048A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-09-04 | 长江大学 | Automatic sliding well drilling control device |
| CN104141482A (en) * | 2014-06-28 | 2014-11-12 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Directional sliding drilling monitoring while drilling control device and control method of directional sliding drilling monitoring while drilling control device |
| CN105332688A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-02-17 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Ground control method of directional drilling adopting mud motor |
| CN106437513A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-22 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Complex structural well friction resistance reduction and power drill tool face adjusting method |
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Application publication date: 20210723 |
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