CN113025821A - Comprehensive treatment method for resource utilization of cyanidation tailings - Google Patents
Comprehensive treatment method for resource utilization of cyanidation tailings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113025821A CN113025821A CN202110140497.7A CN202110140497A CN113025821A CN 113025821 A CN113025821 A CN 113025821A CN 202110140497 A CN202110140497 A CN 202110140497A CN 113025821 A CN113025821 A CN 113025821A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- furnace
- oxygen
- slag
- cyanidation tailings
- blown
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960003753 nitric oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Fe] XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QRJOYPHTNNOAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper gold Chemical compound [Cu].[Au] QRJOYPHTNNOAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium Chemical compound [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009856 non-ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002089 NOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalonitrile Chemical compound N#CC#N JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000701 toxic element Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/76—Gas phase processes, e.g. by using aerosols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/02—Obtaining noble metals by dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/02—Obtaining noble metals by dry processes
- C22B11/021—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
- C22B13/025—Recovery from waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
- C22B15/003—Bath smelting or converting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/204—Carbon monoxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive treatment method for resource utilization of cyanidation tailings, which relates to the field of non-ferrous metallurgy and environmental management. Valuable metals such as metal, silver, copper, lead and the like in the cyanidation tailings enter the matte to be recovered, and zinc and iron enter the slag to be recovered. The method adopts the oxygen-enriched side-blown converter to carry out cooperative treatment on the cyanidation tailings, does not generate secondary pollution, comprehensively recovers valuable metals in the cyanidation tailings, and has good economic benefit and environmental benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of non-ferrous metallurgy and environmental management, and particularly relates to a comprehensive treatment method for recycling cyanidation tailings.
Background
Cyaniding tailings generated in the gold smelting process are dangerous solid wastes containing Au, Ag, As, Cu, Pb, Zn and CN-Valuable metal elements and toxic elements with high mobility, and the like, not only cause a large amount of valuable metal loss after long-term storage, but also cause serious potential pollution and harm to the surrounding ecological environment such as soil, underground water and the like. With the stricter environmental protection requirements of the country, the situation of enterprises is more and more severe. Therefore, cyanide tailings in the gold smelting industry are harmlessThe treatment significance is very important.
At present, the domestic and foreign treatment process method for dangerous solid wastes mainly comprises the following steps: solidification, safe landfill, surface treatment (natural degradation by mixing with soil), high-temperature incineration, pyrolysis (mainly used for organic matters), marine treatment (ocean dumping and ocean incineration), chemical treatment and the like. Aiming at the dangerous solid waste of cyanidation tailings, the solidification, landfill, high-temperature incineration and other costs in the methods are high, the profits of gold smelting enterprises are very slight originally, and the enterprises are difficult to implement; heavy metals are contained in the cyanided tailings and cannot be naturally degraded, so that the degradation method by mixing the cyanided tailings with soil is not feasible; only chemical treatment methods are conceivable. However, an effective, widely applicable, technically mature, economically feasible and harmless tailing technological method is not recommended in the gold smelting industry of China at present.
The industrial method mainly adopts a flotation method to recover valuable elements in cyanidation tailings, but because the residual part of cyanide in the tailings has strong inhibiting effect on metal minerals such as copper, zinc and the like, the recovery rate is very low. In order to eliminate the inhibition effect of cyanide, cyanide is mostly removed by an acidification method, but virulent hydrocyanic acid is generated in the operation process, and the working environment has serious potential safety hazard.
In recent years, a comprehensive recovery technology for multiple metals volatilized from chlorination roasting cyanidation tailings is developed by related units, and although the recovery rate of precious metals such as gold and silver is high, chloride steam generated in the treatment process seriously corrodes equipment, the production and operation faults are many, and a large amount of waste acid is generated, so that the treatment difficulty is high, and the defects of secondary pollution exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention overcomes the defects in the prior art and provides a comprehensive treatment method for resource utilization of cyanidation tailings.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a comprehensive treatment method for resource utilization of cyanidation tailings comprises the following steps:
a. preparing materials:
1) gold and copper concentrate and cyanided tailThe slag, the quartz stone and the coal are mixed according to the ratio of (85-95) to (3-10) to (1-3), and the ratio of Cu is controlled to be 11-15%, S is controlled to be 24-26%, Fe is controlled to be 26-28%, and SiO is controlled to be 24-26%2:12%～14%、As:0.5%～1.5%、Pb:2.2%～3.2%、Zn:2.7%～3.5%、H29 to 11 percent of O, 0.002 to 0.0025 percent of Au, 0.015 to 0.04 percent of Ag and 0.2 to 0.7 percent of others, adjusting the iron-silicon ratio of the produced furnace slag to reach 1.2 to 1.6 to obtain mixed furnace charge meeting the process requirements, and adding the mixed furnace charge into a side-blown furnace;
2) the purpose of adding the gold-copper concentrate is to produce copper matte during oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting, and the copper matte is used for capturing gold and silver in cyanidation tailings;
3) the cyanidation tailings contain higher iron, and the purpose of adding quartz is to adjust the slag type of the slag, so that the slag has proper density and better fluidity, and the separation of copper matte and the slag is convenient;
4) the purpose of adding the coal blocks is to supplement heat for the oxygen-enriched side-blown converter on one hand and maintain the reducing atmosphere at the upper part of the molten pool on the other hand;
b. smelting:
1) smelting by adopting an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace, wherein at the high temperature of 1200-1250 ℃, oxygen-enriched air blown into the furnace and mixed furnace materials perform physical reactions such as water evaporation and the like, high-valence sulfides are decomposed and oxidized, impurity elements perform redox reactions, and a series of chemical reactions such as sulfonium making, slag making and the like are performed to generate matte, slag and flue gas;
2) the copper matte generated by oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting has a good capturing effect on gold and silver in the cyaniding tailings, so that most of the gold and silver in the cyaniding tailings are enriched in the copper matte, and further recovery is facilitated;
3) the smelting temperature of the oxygen-enriched side-blown converter is generally controlled to be 1200-1250 ℃, under the temperature condition, cyanide in the cyanidation tailings is oxidized and decomposed to generate carbon dioxide and nitric oxide, and the nitric oxide is denitrated in the waste heat boiler;
4) keeping a molten pool with the depth of 1.8-2.2 m and consisting of copper matte and slag in the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace, mixing oxygen and compressed air, and blowing the mixture to a slag layer through a wind eye at the position of 1.4 m;
5) the lump coal is added from the top of the furnace as a reducing agent, so that the reducing atmosphere at the upper part of the molten pool is ensured, the lead oxide is reduced into elemental lead, and the volatilization of the lead is realized;
6) introducing heated secondary air into the top of the side-blown converter, keeping the concentration of residual oxygen in flue gas to be 2-6%, and controlling the weak oxidation atmosphere in the side-blown converter;
7) sending the matte into a converting furnace system, sending slag into a slag slow cooling field, and sending flue gas into a waste heat boiler for denitration;
c. denitration:
nitrogen oxide generated in the smelting process enters a waste heat boiler to react with excessive carbon monoxide, generated nitrogen and carbon dioxide enter an electric dust collector, a quench tower and a bag-type dust collector to go to a flue gas acid making system, acid making tail gas is desulfurized and then discharged up to the standard, and the tail gas controls NOX＜80mg/Nm3、SO2＜50mg/Nm3Particulate matter < 10mg/Nm3(ii) a Preferably, the granularity of the quartz stone in the step a is 5-10 mm, wherein the content of silicon dioxide is more than or equal to 90%; the coal briquette has the granularity of 20-40 mm, the heat value of more than or equal to 6000kcal/kg, the ash content of less than or equal to 20%, the volatile matter of less than or equal to 10%, and the fixed carbon of more than or equal to 80%.
Preferably, in the step b, cyanide ions in the cyanidation tailings are decomposed into carbon dioxide and nitric oxide at the high temperature of 1200-1250 ℃ in the smelting process and enter the flue gas; in the smelting process, gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc and iron in the cyanidation tailings enter a melt, wherein the gold, silver, copper and lead enter matte for recovery, and the zinc and iron enter furnace slag for recovery;
preferably, in the step b, an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace is adopted for smelting, the oxygen-material ratio is 140-150, the oxygen-enriched air blown into the furnace has the oxygen-enriched concentration of 80-85% and the pressure of 0.10-1.14 MPa.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with other cyanidation tailing disposal methods, the method has the following advantages:
1) the method can be used for treating the cyanidation tailings with low cost, the treatment cost is 380-400 yuan/ton, and meanwhile, valuable metals such as gold, silver, copper and the like in the cyanidation tailings can be comprehensively recovered, so that the method has good economic benefit.
2) The cyanide tailings are not subjected to secondary pollution in the smelting process, most of nitrogen oxides generated by decomposing cyanide are reduced into nitrogen in a waste heat boiler, and the nitrogen oxides discharged by the tail gas are lower than the emission standard of atmospheric pollutants.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding and practice, the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: a comprehensive treatment method for resource utilization of cyanidation tailings comprises the following steps:
example 1:
a. preparing materials:
1) the gold-copper concentrate, the cyanidation tailings, the quartz stone and the coal are proportioned according to the proportion in the claim, the iron-silicon ratio of the produced furnace slag is adjusted to reach 1.5, the mixed furnace charge meeting the process requirements is obtained, the mixed furnace charge is added into a side-blown furnace, the ingredients of the cyanidation tailings are shown in a table 1, and the element analysis table of the mixed furnace charge is shown in a table 2;
TABLE 1 cyanidation tailings composition (w/%)
| Au | Ag | Fe | S | Cu | Pb | Zn | CN- |
| 1.89g/t | 34.62g/t | 41.56 | 0.84 | 0.35 | 0.10 | 0.14 | 0.075 |
TABLE 2 Mixed Charge composition (w/%)
| Element(s) | Cu | Fe | S | SiO2 | Zn | As | Pb | H2O | Au（g/t） | Ag(g/t) | Others |
| Material(s) | 12.7 | 27.6 | 25.5 | 13.4 | 3.2 | 1.31 | 2.9 | 10.8 | 23.5 | 317 | 0.45 |
2) The quartz stone and coal required in the treatment process are as follows:
quartz stone: particle size 7mm, silica 92%;
coal: 30mm in particle size, 6500kcal/kg in calorific value, 14% in ash content, 5% in volatile matter and 85% in fixed carbon.
b. Smelting:
1) smelting by adopting an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace, keeping the depth of a molten pool in the furnace between 1.8 m and 2.2 m, controlling the oxygen-material ratio at 145, blowing oxygen-enriched air (the oxygen-enriched concentration is 83 percent and the pressure is 0.12 MPa) in the furnace to perform a series of physical and chemical reactions with mixed furnace materials at the high temperature of 1230 ℃, and performing matte formation, slag formation and the like to produce matte, slag and flue gas;
2) and the production process needs to control copper matte, furnace slag and the like, and the requirements are as follows:
copper matte control: the content of copper, iron and sulfur is more than or equal to 90 percent;
slag discharging control: the iron-silicon ratio is 1.2-1.6, and the copper content of the slag is less than 1%;
controlling an outlet of the electric dust collector: oxygen content: 2-6%;
3) the lump coal is added from the top of the furnace as a reducing agent to ensure the reducing atmosphere at the upper part of the molten pool, and the cyanogen slag in the mixed furnace material is highNO produced by thermal decompositionxReduction to N2Realizing the denitration reaction;
4) introducing heated secondary air into the top of the side-blown converter, keeping the concentration of residual oxygen in the flue gas at 5%, and controlling the weak oxidation atmosphere in the side-blown converter;
5) sending the matte into a converting furnace system, sending slag into a slag slow cooling field, sending flue gas into a waste heat boiler for denitration, wherein the composition of the matte is shown in a table 3, the composition of the slag is shown in a table 4, and the composition of the slag after mineral separation is shown in a table 5;
TABLE 3 matte composition (w/%)
| Au | Ag | Cu | Fe | S | Pb | Zn |
| 82.2g/t | 1708.1g/t | 58.7 | 9.3 | 24.8 | 2.83 | 1.78 |
TABLE 4 side-blown slag composition (w/%)
| Element(s) | Cu | Fe | SiO2 | Zn | Pb |
| Material(s) | 0.92 | 45.05 | 28.24 | 3.83 | 0.60 |
TABLE 5 tailing composition (w/%)
| Au | Ag | Cu | Fe | Pb | Zn |
| 0.12g/t | 4.1g/t | 0.19 | 41.41 | 0.36 | 2.13 |
6) After cyanidation tailings are treated by the process, the comprehensive recovery rate of gold is 93.6 percent, and the comprehensive recovery rate of silver is 88.1 percent.
c. Denitration:
nitrogen oxides generated in the smelting process enter a waste heat boiler to react with excessive carbon monoxide to generate nitrogen and carbon dioxide, then the nitrogen and carbon dioxide enter an electric dust collector, a quench tower and a bag-type dust collector to go to a flue gas acid making system, tail gas after acid making is discharged after being desulfurized and reaches the standard, the flue gas components at the inlet of the boiler are shown in a table 6, and the tail gas components after being desulfurized are shown in a table 7.
TABLE 6 boiler inlet and outlet flue gas composition monitoring
| Main component of smoke | O2(%) | SO2(%) | NOx（mg/Nm3） |
| Inlet port | 8.3 | 26.1 | 256.2 |
| An outlet | 5.2 | 25.3 | 75.7 |
TABLE 7 composition of exhaust gas (mg/Nm)3）
| SO2 | NOx | Particulate matter |
| 24.0 | 50.29 | 9.2 |
Claims (4)
1. A comprehensive treatment method for resource utilization of cyanidation tailings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. preparing materials:
the gold-copper concentrate, the cyanidation tailings, the quartz stone and the coal briquette are mixed according to the proportion of (85-95) to (3-10) to (1-3), and the proportion of Cu is controlled to be 11-15%, S is controlled to be 24-26%, Fe is controlled to be 26-28%, SiO is controlled to be 1-32:12%～14%、As:0.5%～1.5%、Pb:2.2%～3.2%、Zn:2.7%～3.5%、H29 to 11 percent of O, 0.002 to 0.0025 percent of Au, 0.015 to 0.04 percent of Ag and 0.2 to 0.7 percent of others, and the iron-silicon ratio of the produced slag is adjusted to reach 1.2 to 1.6 to obtain the productMixing the furnace burden according to the process requirement, and adding the mixed furnace burden into a side-blown furnace;
b. smelting:
1) smelting by adopting an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace, wherein at the high temperature of 1200-1250 ℃, oxygen-enriched air blown into the furnace and mixed furnace materials perform physical reactions such as water evaporation and the like, high-valence sulfides are decomposed and oxidized, impurity elements perform redox reactions, and a series of chemical reactions such as sulfonium making, slag making and the like are performed to generate matte, slag and flue gas;
2) keeping a molten pool with the depth of 1.8-2.2 m and consisting of copper matte and slag in the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace, mixing oxygen and compressed air, and blowing the mixture to a slag layer through a wind eye at the position of 1.4 m;
3) the lump coal is added from the top of the furnace as a reducing agent, so that the reducing atmosphere at the upper part of the molten pool is ensured, the lead oxide is reduced into elemental lead, and the volatilization of the lead is realized;
4) introducing heated secondary air into the top of the side-blown converter, keeping the concentration of residual oxygen in flue gas to be 2-6%, and controlling the weak oxidation atmosphere in the side-blown converter;
5) sending the matte into a converting furnace system, sending slag into a slag slow cooling field, and sending flue gas into a waste heat boiler for denitration;
c. denitration:
nitrogen oxide generated in the smelting process enters a waste heat boiler to react with excessive carbon monoxide, generated nitrogen and carbon dioxide enter an electric dust collector, a quench tower and a bag-type dust collector to go to a flue gas acid making system, acid making tail gas is desulfurized and then discharged up to the standard, and the tail gas controls NOX＜80mg/Nm3、SO2＜50mg/Nm3Particulate matter < 10mg/Nm3。
2. The comprehensive treatment method for recycling cyanidation tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that the granularity of the quartz stone in the step a is 5-10 mm, wherein the content of silicon dioxide is more than or equal to 90%; the coal briquette has the granularity of 20-40 mm, the heat value of more than or equal to 6000kcal/kg, the ash content of less than or equal to 20%, the volatile matter of less than or equal to 10%, and the fixed carbon of more than or equal to 80%.
3. The comprehensive treatment method for recycling cyanidation tailings according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the step b, cyanide ions in the cyanidation tailings are decomposed into carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides at a high temperature of 1200-1250 ℃ in the smelting process and enter flue gas; in the smelting process, gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc and iron in the cyanidation tailings enter a melt, wherein the gold, silver, copper and lead enter matte for recovery, and the zinc and iron enter furnace slag for recovery.
4. The comprehensive treatment method for recycling cyanidation tailings according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the step b, an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace is adopted for smelting, the oxygen-to-material ratio is 140-150, the oxygen-enriched concentration of oxygen-enriched air blown into the furnace is 80-85%, and the pressure is 0.10-1.14 MPa.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110140497.7A CN113025821A (en) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | Comprehensive treatment method for resource utilization of cyanidation tailings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110140497.7A CN113025821A (en) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | Comprehensive treatment method for resource utilization of cyanidation tailings |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113025821A true CN113025821A (en) | 2021-06-25 |
Family
ID=76459650
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110140497.7A Pending CN113025821A (en) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | Comprehensive treatment method for resource utilization of cyanidation tailings |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113025821A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114959276A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-08-30 | 河南豫光金铅股份有限公司 | Method for recovering lead, zinc and copper in smelting waste slag through side-blown smelting |
| CN115287455A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-11-04 | 山东恒邦冶炼股份有限公司 | Method for co-processing gold extraction tailings, copper-containing wastes and non-ferrous smelting wastes |
| CN116814959A (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-09-29 | 西北工业大学重庆科创中心 | A method for preparing nickel-iron alloy using waste petrochemical catalyst |
| CN117265276A (en) * | 2023-09-28 | 2023-12-22 | 山东国大黄金股份有限公司 | Method for cooperative treatment and comprehensive recycling of various smelting waste residues |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4707185A (en) * | 1985-01-31 | 1987-11-17 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Company Limited | Method of treating the slag from a copper converter |
| CN106676269A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-17 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for treating cyanide tailings |
| CN110438346A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-12 | 山东恒邦冶炼股份有限公司 | A kind of method of side-blown converter processing high arsenic content ore |
-
2021
- 2021-02-02 CN CN202110140497.7A patent/CN113025821A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4707185A (en) * | 1985-01-31 | 1987-11-17 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Company Limited | Method of treating the slag from a copper converter |
| CN106676269A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-17 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for treating cyanide tailings |
| CN110438346A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-12 | 山东恒邦冶炼股份有限公司 | A kind of method of side-blown converter processing high arsenic content ore |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114959276A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-08-30 | 河南豫光金铅股份有限公司 | Method for recovering lead, zinc and copper in smelting waste slag through side-blown smelting |
| CN114959276B (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2024-04-19 | 河南豫光金铅股份有限公司 | Method for recycling lead, zinc and copper in smelting waste slag by side-blown smelting |
| CN115287455A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-11-04 | 山东恒邦冶炼股份有限公司 | Method for co-processing gold extraction tailings, copper-containing wastes and non-ferrous smelting wastes |
| CN116814959A (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-09-29 | 西北工业大学重庆科创中心 | A method for preparing nickel-iron alloy using waste petrochemical catalyst |
| CN117265276A (en) * | 2023-09-28 | 2023-12-22 | 山东国大黄金股份有限公司 | Method for cooperative treatment and comprehensive recycling of various smelting waste residues |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN113025821A (en) | Comprehensive treatment method for resource utilization of cyanidation tailings | |
| CN103421955B (en) | Zinc leaching slag treatment method | |
| CN109321755B (en) | A method for removing arsenic from copper smelting smoke | |
| CN111647738B (en) | A method for arsenic-containing copper slag roasting gas-based reduction and removal of arsenic | |
| CN114196828B (en) | FeO-SiO based on high FeO content 2 Method for vulcanizing and volatilizing tin-containing material of CaO ternary system slag | |
| CN110976481B (en) | Copper-containing hazardous waste treatment process | |
| CN113751476A (en) | A method for co-processing and recycling of metallurgical solid waste and municipal waste incineration fly ash | |
| CN114535270A (en) | Harmless treatment method for realizing low-sulfur cyanide tailings by using suspension oxidation roasting | |
| CN111020212A (en) | Recovery process of copper from copper-containing waste metal | |
| CN114164345B (en) | A method for synergistic treatment of lead-zinc smelting slag and copper-containing materials | |
| CN111826526A (en) | Method and device for environmental protection recovery of precious metals in waste circuit boards by combined smelting of waste circuit boards, copper concentrate and desulfurization gypsum | |
| CN112503547A (en) | Method for decyanation of cyanidation tailings by low-temperature weak oxidation treatment | |
| CN111996364A (en) | Method for recovering gold from cyanidation tailings and synchronously magnetizing iron | |
| CN108559836A (en) | A kind of gold mine carries the pretreating process of gold | |
| CN114558440A (en) | Process for efficiently extracting zinc by high-chlorine zinc ash ammonia-ammonium sulfate method and flue gas desulfurization and carbon fixation by coupled slurry method | |
| CN113667827A (en) | Method for co-processing waste incineration fly ash and copper-containing sludge | |
| CN110453079B (en) | A method for efficiently recovering silver in lead-silver slag by melting-fuming method | |
| CN106282583A (en) | A kind of recovery non-ferrous metal, rare precious metal and method of iron powder from ironmaking dust | |
| CN118272647B (en) | A method for comprehensive resource utilization of organic and inorganic solid waste synergistically | |
| CN119120903A (en) | A tin smelting method based on recycling of metallurgical waste slag | |
| CN216473407U (en) | System for be used for coprocessing roasting cyanidation tailings and copper-containing mud | |
| CN118813967A (en) | A method for recovering valuable metals and arsenic in arsenic-containing copper ash | |
| CN115821035A (en) | A kind of processing method that contains sulfur cyanide tailings | |
| CN114836630A (en) | Method and system for co-processing copper-containing hazardous waste with copper concentrate | |
| CN114438331B (en) | Co-treatment method for metal-containing hazardous waste and cyanide tailings |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210625 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |