CN112961992A

CN112961992A - Aluminum ash frying agent and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112961992A
Application number: CN202110135644.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢锴
Original assignee: Yunnan Kaishing Special Metal Co ltd
Current assignee: Yunnan Kaishing Special Metal Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-01
Filing date: 2021-02-01
Publication date: 2021-06-15
Anticipated expiration: 2041-02-01
Also published as: CN112961992B

Abstract

本发明涉及一种铝灰炒灰剂及应用，属于金属回收技术领域。本发明铝灰炒灰剂，以质量百分数计，包括木炭粉5‑15％、硫磺1‑6％、铁铝粉3‑10％、硝酸钠20‑35％、氟硅酸钠8‑20％、硫酸钠15‑35％。在回收铝灰中铝的应用中，铝灰炒灰剂的添加量为铝灰质量的0.1‑2％，铝灰的温度不高于600℃。本发明铝灰炒灰剂经济实用，反应效果好，使用简单。The invention relates to an aluminum ash frying agent and application, and belongs to the technical field of metal recovery. The ash frying agent for aluminum ash of the present invention, in terms of mass percentage, comprises 5-15% of charcoal powder, 1-6% of sulfur, 3-10% of iron and aluminum powder, 20-35% of sodium nitrate, and 8-20% of sodium fluorosilicate. , Sodium sulfate 15-35%. In the application of recycling aluminum in aluminum ash, the addition amount of aluminum ash frying agent is 0.1-2% of the mass of aluminum ash, and the temperature of aluminum ash is not higher than 600 ℃. The aluminum ash frying ash agent of the invention is economical and practical, has good reaction effect and is simple to use.

Description

Aluminum ash frying agent and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to an aluminum ash stir-frying agent and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of metal recovery.

Background

The aluminum ash is scum, has an important effect on the stir-frying process, mainly adsorbs impurities such as aluminum oxide, fluoride salt and the like from the electrolytic aluminum liquid, and simultaneously has the functions of protecting the aluminum melt, preventing aluminum from being oxidized and the like. Therefore, the aluminum ash is periodically removed from the furnace during stir-frying, and becomes industrial waste. Aluminum ash (secondary aluminum ash) is also generated in the smelting process of utilizing aluminum-containing aluminum ash, ladle cleaning materials of an aluminum water tank, aluminum scraps produced in the aluminum processing industry, recycled waste aluminum-containing materials for aluminum smelting and recycled metal aluminum. However, the comprehensive resource utilization rate of the aluminum ash is still at a low level, and a large amount of aluminum ash is directly buried or accumulated near a production plant area, so that a series of environmental problems such as soil, air and the like are caused, and great pressure is formed on the environment.

The aluminum ash is a renewable resource, contains aluminum and a plurality of valuable elements, and mainly consists of a mixture of a metal aluminum simple substance, an oxide and a salt solvent. Wherein, the metal aluminum exists under the cladding of aluminum oxide and aluminum nitride, in particular containing aluminum, aluminum oxide, iron-silicon-magnesium oxide, potassium-sodium-calcium-magnesium chloride and trace fluoride.

The ash frying method is a process formed by utilizing the principle that aluminum in aluminum ash is oxidized and released heat in air, aluminum particles are poor in wettability with the aluminum ash, and a contact angle is high. The method is simple to operate, the labor cost is mainly input, the equipment cost is extremely low, however, the existing ash frying method cannot rapidly raise the aluminum ash to the separation temperature, and the separation of aluminum and ash cannot be realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an aluminum ash stir-frying agent and application thereof, aiming at solving the problem that the reaction temperature is difficult to quickly increase and the separation of aluminum and ash cannot be realized in the existing thermal separation aluminum ash technology.

An aluminum ash frying agent: the material comprises, by mass, 5-15% of charcoal powder, 1-6% of sulfur, 3-10% of iron-aluminum powder, 20-35% of sodium nitrate, 8-20% of sodium fluosilicate and 15-35% of sodium sulfate;

the charcoal powder, the iron-aluminum powder, the sodium nitrate, the sodium fluosilicate and the sodium sulfate are all dried at the temperature of 150 ℃ and 180 ℃;

the application of the aluminum ash stir-frying agent in recovering aluminum in aluminum ash is as follows: the addition amount of the aluminum ash frying agent is 0.1-2% of the mass of the aluminum ash; the temperature of the aluminum ash is not higher than 600 ℃.

The specific method comprises the following steps: adding hot aluminum ash into the ash frying kettle, fully heating the ash frying kettle by utilizing the waste heat of the hot aluminum ash, adding cold ash, adding aluminum ash to fry an ash agent, uniformly mixing, heating, stir-frying to obtain liquid aluminum and ash, recovering the liquid aluminum, and realizing the separation of the aluminum and the ash.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) in the prior art, the aluminum ash cannot be quickly raised to the separation temperature, so that the aluminum and the ash cannot be separated;

(2) the aluminum ash frying agent is a graded heating process, sulfur is heated and spontaneously combusted to release heat when the temperature is 250 ℃ and the temperature is raised to about 380 ℃, sodium nitrate is decomposed to release heat and the temperature is continuously raised to 450 ℃, charcoal powder is combusted to continuously release heat and raise the temperature under the action of the temperature and the decomposition products of the sodium nitrate, a large amount of heat is released when the temperature reaches the aluminothermic reaction temperature, the temperature of the whole environment is raised, stable components are adopted, the temperature raising process is easy to control, and the reaction process is safe and reliable;

(3) the aluminum ash frying agent has low cost and high working efficiency, is suitable for small-scale batch processing of aluminum ash, and has high economic benefit and environmental benefit.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the description.

Example 1: the aluminum ash stir-frying agent of the embodiment: the material comprises 8% of charcoal powder, 5% of sulfur, 6% of iron-aluminum powder, 35% of sodium nitrate, 13% of sodium fluosilicate and 33% of sodium sulfate by mass percent; drying charcoal powder, aluminum-iron powder, sodium nitrate, sodium fluosilicate and sodium sulfate at 150 ℃;

the application of the aluminum ash frying agent in recovering aluminum in the aluminum ash: placing 400kg of hot aluminum ash which is just taken off into an ash frying kettle, adding 400kg of hot aluminum ash after the ash frying kettle is fully heated by the residual temperature of the hot aluminum ash, uniformly mixing, measuring the temperature of the aluminum ash to be 300 ℃, and adding an aluminum ash frying agent, wherein the adding amount of the aluminum ash frying agent is 0.2 percent of the mass of the aluminum ash; heating and stir-frying to obtain liquid aluminum and ash, and recovering the liquid aluminum to realize the separation of the aluminum and the ash.

Example 2: the aluminum ash stir-frying agent of the embodiment: the material comprises 12 percent of charcoal powder, 3 percent of sulfur, 5 percent of aluminum-iron powder, 25 percent of sodium nitrate, 20 percent of sodium fluosilicate and 35 percent of sodium sulfate by mass percent; drying charcoal powder, iron-aluminum powder, sodium nitrate, sodium fluosilicate and sodium sulfate at 160 ℃;

the application of the aluminum ash frying agent in recovering aluminum in the aluminum ash: placing 800kg of cold aluminum ash into an ash frying kettle, and adding an aluminum ash frying agent, wherein the addition amount of the aluminum ash frying agent is 2.0 percent of the mass of the aluminum ash; heating and stir-frying to obtain liquid aluminum and ash, and recovering the liquid aluminum to realize the separation of the aluminum and the ash.

Example 3: the aluminum ash stir-frying agent of the embodiment: the material comprises 15 percent of charcoal powder, 4 percent of sulfur, 10 percent of aluminum-iron powder, 30 percent of sodium nitrate, 16 percent of sodium fluosilicate and 25 percent of sodium sulfate by mass percent; drying charcoal powder, aluminum-iron powder, sodium nitrate, sodium fluosilicate and sodium sulfate at 180 ℃;

the application of the aluminum ash frying agent in recovering aluminum in the aluminum ash: placing 400kg of hot aluminum ash which is just taken off into an ash frying kettle, adding 400kg of cold aluminum ash after the ash frying kettle is fully heated by the residual temperature of the hot aluminum ash, uniformly mixing, measuring the temperature of the aluminum ash to be 290 ℃, and adding an aluminum ash frying agent, wherein the adding amount of the aluminum ash frying agent is 1.0 percent of the mass of the aluminum ash; heating and stir-frying to obtain liquid aluminum and ash, and recovering the liquid aluminum to realize the separation of the aluminum and the ash.

While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments thereof, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. an aluminum ash frying ash agent, characterized in that: in mass percentage, comprising 5-15% of charcoal powder, 1-6% of sulfur, 3-10% of iron and aluminum powder, 20-35% of sodium nitrate, fluorosilicon Sodium 8-20%, Sodium sulfate 15-35%.

2. Aluminium ash frying agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: charcoal powder, iron-aluminum powder, sodium nitrate, sodium fluorosilicate, sodium sulfate are all placed at a temperature of 150-180 DEG C to dry.

3. the application of the aluminum ash frying agent described in claim 1 in recycling aluminum ash, it is characterized in that: the addition amount of the aluminum ash frying agent is 0.1-2% of the mass of the aluminum ash.

4 . The application of the aluminum ash frying agent according to claim 3 in recycling aluminum ash, wherein the temperature of the aluminum ash is not higher than 600° C.