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CN112911555B - Wireless network communication resource scheduling method and system based on information age - Google Patents

Wireless network communication resource scheduling method and system based on information age Download PDF

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CN112911555B
CN112911555B CN202110119244.1A CN202110119244A CN112911555B CN 112911555 B CN112911555 B CN 112911555B CN 202110119244 A CN202110119244 A CN 202110119244A CN 112911555 B CN112911555 B CN 112911555B
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刘振宇
罗祾
华珉
李文清
潘爱强
刘哲
陈智勇
夏斌
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State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Co Ltd
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种基于信息年龄的无线网络通信资源调度方法，包括组建由基站集中控制的无线D2D通信系统，初始化系统参数；D2D收发设备向基站发送当前时隙的状态信息；基站根据接收到的状态信息计算当前时隙的瞬时信息年龄Ai(k)，各条链路的传输成功概率μi(k)，以及下个时隙的期望信息年龄E[Ai(k+1)]；基站求解关于链路激活决策xi(k)的整数规划问题，得到使下个时隙期望信息年龄E[Ai(k+1)]的链路激活决策xi(k)的解；基站将链路激活决策

Figure DDA0002921382650000011
发送给对应链路i；D2D链路根据收到的链路激活决策进行信息传输，传输结束后记录传输结果。本发明提供的基于信息年龄的无线网络通信资源调度方法和系统为各条链路之间的传输公平性提供了依据，同时提高了整体系统的实时性与信息时效性。

Figure 202110119244

The invention provides a wireless network communication resource scheduling method based on information age, which includes establishing a wireless D2D communication system centrally controlled by a base station, initializing system parameters; Calculate the instantaneous information age A i (k) of the current time slot, the transmission success probability μ i (k) of each link, and the expected information age E[A i (k+1)] of the next time slot ; The base station solves the integer programming problem about the link activation decision xi (k), and obtains the solution of the link activation decision xi (k) that makes the next time slot expected information age E[A i (k+1)]; The base station will make the link activation decision

Figure DDA0002921382650000011
Send to the corresponding link i; the D2D link transmits information according to the received link activation decision, and records the transmission result after the transmission. The method and system for scheduling wireless network communication resources based on information age provided by the present invention provide a basis for transmission fairness between various links, and at the same time improve the real-time performance and information timeliness of the overall system.

Figure 202110119244

Description

基于信息年龄的无线网络通信资源调度方法和系统Wireless network communication resource scheduling method and system based on information age

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及信息年龄的技术领域，具体地，涉及基于信息年龄的无线网络通信资源调度方法和系统。The present invention relates to the technical field of information age, and in particular, to a method and system for scheduling wireless network communication resources based on information age.

背景技术Background technique

随着移动设备数量持续增长，移动游戏、高清电影和视频会议等多媒体应用的大量出现，以及物联网概念的逐步普及，推动了蜂窝移动通信技术的快速发展，也导致了对于更高数据速率和服务质量的需求的增加。无线网络的流量压力越来越大，这推动了第五代蜂窝网络的频谱利用率的研究。设备到设备通信是除了减小小区半径和增加更多网络资源之外的另一个能够提高网络频谱利用率的解决方案。As the number of mobile devices continues to grow, the proliferation of multimedia applications such as mobile games, high-definition movies, and video conferencing, as well as the gradual popularization of the concept of the Internet of Things, promote the rapid development of cellular mobile communication technology, which also leads to the need for higher data rates and Increased demand for quality of service. The increasing traffic pressure on wireless networks drives research on spectrum utilization in fifth-generation cellular networks. Device-to-device communication is another solution that can improve network spectrum utilization in addition to reducing cell radius and adding more network resources.

D2D通信使得距离相近的移动设备能够直接通信，而不需要基站中转。D2D通信在本地数据业务方面的固有优势，也使其可以应用到包括公共安全服务、车联网、蜂窝网络流量卸载、灾害救援、多跳中继和环境监测等领域。与此同时，低时延网络物理系统应用的重要性继续增长。自动驾驶需要最实时的周围环境的数据，远程手术需要精确实时的更新手术工具的位置，物联网网络的发展也对信息的实时传输提出了更高的要求。然而，仅仅以时延为指标并不能准确反映信息是否新鲜。D2D communication enables mobile devices in close proximity to communicate directly without the need for base station relay. The inherent advantages of D2D communication in local data services also make it applicable to fields including public safety services, Internet of Vehicles, cellular network traffic offloading, disaster relief, multi-hop relay, and environmental monitoring. At the same time, the importance of low-latency cyber-physical system applications continues to grow. Autonomous driving requires the most real-time data of the surrounding environment, and remote surgery requires accurate and real-time updating of the location of surgical tools. The development of the Internet of Things network also puts forward higher requirements for real-time information transmission. However, only using delay as an indicator cannot accurately reflect whether the information is fresh.

信息年龄作为一个新兴的指标，描述了从接收端的视角观察到的信息的及时性，它被定义为，收端最新接收并利用的信息从该信息产生时刻起经过的时间。在D2D通信网络中，及时更新并不等于最大化系统吞吐量或传输速率，也不等于最大化系统利用率。仅仅根据信道状态好坏进行信息更新将造成严重的不公平性导致部分链路的实时性较差，而常用的比例公平调度则无法定量评估公平性。对于有实时性数据传输要求的D2D通信网络，信息年龄可以作为一个主要的性能指标，用以调度与分配系统的通信资源，提升系统性能。As an emerging indicator, information age describes the timeliness of information observed from the receiver's perspective. It is defined as the elapsed time from the moment when the receiver receives and utilizes the latest information received and utilized. In a D2D communication network, timely updating does not mean maximizing system throughput or transmission rate, nor does it mean maximizing system utilization. Only updating the information according to the channel state will cause serious unfairness and lead to poor real-time performance of some links, while the commonly used proportional fair scheduling cannot quantitatively evaluate fairness. For D2D communication networks with real-time data transmission requirements, information age can be used as a major performance indicator to schedule and allocate system communication resources and improve system performance.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

针对现有技术中的缺陷，本发明的目的是提供一种基于信息年龄的无线网络通信资源调度方法和系统。In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wireless network communication resource scheduling method and system based on information age.

根据本发明提供的一种基于信息年龄的无线网络通信资源调度方法，包括如下步骤：According to a method for scheduling wireless network communication resources based on information age provided by the present invention, the method includes the following steps:

步骤1：组建由基站集中控制的无线D2D通信系统，初始化系统参数；Step 1: Set up a wireless D2D communication system centrally controlled by the base station, and initialize system parameters;

步骤2：D2D收发设备向基站发送当前时隙的状态信息；Step 2: The D2D transceiver device sends the status information of the current time slot to the base station;

步骤3：基站根据接收到的状态信息计算当前时隙的瞬时信息年龄Ai(k)，各条链路的传输成功概率μi(k)，以及下个时隙的期望信息年龄E[Ai(k+1)]；Step 3: The base station calculates the instantaneous information age A i (k) of the current time slot, the transmission success probability μ i (k) of each link, and the expected information age E [A of the next time slot according to the received state information i (k+1)];

步骤4：基站求解关于链路激活决策xi(k)的整数规划问题，得到使下个时隙期望信息年龄E[Ai(k+1)]的链路激活决策xi(k)的解；Step 4: The base station solves the integer programming problem about the link activation decision xi (k), and obtains the link activation decision xi (k) that makes the expected information age E[A i (k+1)] of the next time slot. untie;

步骤5：基站将链路激活决策

Figure BDA0002921382630000021
发送给对应链路i；Step 5: The base station makes the link activation decision
Figure BDA0002921382630000021
Send to the corresponding link i;

步骤6：D2D链路根据收到的链路激活决策进行信息传输，传输结束后记录传输结果；当前时隙结束，令k＝k+1，返回执行步骤2。Step 6: The D2D link performs information transmission according to the received link activation decision, and records the transmission result after the transmission is completed;

优选地，所述步骤1中组建由基站集中控制的无线D2D通信系统包括：多个空间位置随机分布的传输时间敏感信息的D2D收发设备，与一个用于集中控制D2D链路传输调度的基站；Preferably, the wireless D2D communication system established in the step 1 that is centrally controlled by the base station includes: a plurality of D2D transceiver devices that transmit time-sensitive information randomly distributed in space, and a base station for centrally controlling the transmission scheduling of the D2D link;

所述基站通过信令集中控制链路完成设备间直接的信息传输，所述基站集中控制的D2D无线通信系统的初始化系统参数，所述初始化系统参数包括：设备对个数N，D2D发送设备发射功率P，信干噪比解码门限值βi，其中，i表示第i条链路，初始时隙k＝1，各链路的初始瞬时信息年龄Ai(k|k＝1)。The base station completes direct information transmission between devices through a centralized signaling control link, and the initialization system parameters of the D2D wireless communication system centrally controlled by the base station include: the number of device pairs N, the D2D sending device transmitting Power P, signal-to-interference-noise ratio decoding threshold β i , where i represents the ith link, the initial time slot k=1, and the initial instantaneous information age A i of each link (k|k=1).

优选地，所述步骤2中D2D收发设备向基站发送当前时隙的状态信息包括：接收设备在上个时隙k-1时的传输状态bi(k-1)，其中，bi(k-1)＝1表示信息得到更新，bi(k-1)＝0表示信息没有得到更新；各条链路的接收器与发射器的位置信息

Figure BDA0002921382630000022
Figure BDA0002921382630000023
其中，
Figure BDA0002921382630000024
分别表示发射器与接收器的二维空间坐标，通过全球卫星导航系统获取。Preferably, in the step 2, the state information of the current time slot sent by the D2D transceiver device to the base station includes: the transmission state b i (k-1) of the receiving device in the previous time slot k-1, where b i (k -1)=1 means that the information is updated, and bi ( k -1)=0 means that the information is not updated; the location information of the receiver and transmitter of each link
Figure BDA0002921382630000022
Figure BDA0002921382630000023
in,
Figure BDA0002921382630000024
Represent the two-dimensional space coordinates of the transmitter and receiver, respectively, obtained through the global satellite navigation system.

优选地，所述步骤3中基站利用上个时隙保存的各条链路的瞬时信息年龄Ai(k-1)和接收到的传输状态bi(k-1)计算当前时隙各条链路的瞬时信息年龄Ai(k)＝Ai(k-1)[1-bi(k-1)]+1。基站计算各链路的传输成功概率，链路i在当前时隙k的传输成功概率μi(k)，计算公式为：

Figure BDA0002921382630000025
其中
Figure BDA0002921382630000026
Preferably, in the step 3, the base station uses the instantaneous information age A i (k-1) of each link saved in the previous time slot and the received transmission state b i (k-1) to calculate each link in the current time slot. The instantaneous information age of the link A i (k)=A i (k-1)[1- bi (k-1)]+1. The base station calculates the transmission success probability of each link, the transmission success probability μ i (k) of link i in the current time slot k, and the calculation formula is:
Figure BDA0002921382630000025
in
Figure BDA0002921382630000026

Figure BDA0002921382630000031
xi(k)表示基站在时隙k对链路i做出的链路激活决策，xi(k)＝1表示进行传输，xi(k)＝0表示不进行传输，hji表示链路j的发射器与链路i的接收器间的小尺度衰落，α表示路径损耗指数，ρi表示传输成功概率受环境噪声的影响，Dji表示链路i的传输成功概率受链路j的发射器的干扰影响，dji表示链路j的发射器与链路i的接收器之间的距离，σ2表示环境中的加性高斯白噪声。基站计算下个时隙的期望信息年龄E[Ai(k+1)]，计算公式为：
Figure BDA0002921382630000032
Figure BDA0002921382630000031
xi (k) represents the link activation decision made by the base station for link i in time slot k, xi (k)=1 means transmission, xi (k)=0 means no transmission, h ji means link The small-scale fading between the transmitter of path j and the receiver of link i, α represents the path loss index, ρ i represents that the transmission success probability is affected by environmental noise, D ji represents that the transmission success probability of link i is affected by link j The interference effect of the transmitter of , d ji represents the distance between the transmitter of link j and the receiver of link i, σ 2 represents the additive white Gaussian noise in the environment. The base station calculates the expected information age E[A i (k+1)] of the next time slot, and the calculation formula is:
Figure BDA0002921382630000032

优选地，所述步骤4中基站求解关于链路激活决策xi(k)的整数规划问题，所述整数规划问题如下：Preferably, in the step 4, the base station solves an integer programming problem about the link activation decision xi (k), and the integer programming problem is as follows:

Figure BDA0002921382630000033
Figure BDA0002921382630000033

通过计算得到所述整数规划问题的解

Figure BDA0002921382630000034
The solution of the integer programming problem is obtained by calculation
Figure BDA0002921382630000034

本发明还提供一种基于信息年龄的无线网络通信资源调度系统，包括如下模块：The present invention also provides a wireless network communication resource scheduling system based on information age, comprising the following modules:

模块M1：组建由基站集中控制的无线D2D通信系统，初始化系统参数；Module M1: build a wireless D2D communication system centrally controlled by the base station, and initialize system parameters;

模块M2：D2D收发设备向基站发送当前时隙的状态信息；Module M2: The D2D transceiver device sends the status information of the current time slot to the base station;

模块M3：基站根据接收到的状态信息计算当前时隙的瞬时信息年龄Ai(k)，各条链路的传输成功概率μi(k)，以及下个时隙的期望信息年龄E[Ai(k+1)]；Module M3: The base station calculates the instantaneous information age A i (k) of the current time slot, the transmission success probability μ i (k) of each link, and the expected information age E [A of the next time slot according to the received state information i (k+1)];

模块M4：基站求解关于链路激活决策xi(k)的整数规划问题，得到使下个时隙期望信息年龄E[Ai(k+1)]的链路激活决策xi(k)的解；Module M4: The base station solves the integer programming problem about the link activation decision xi (k), and obtains the link activation decision xi (k) that makes the expected information age E[A i (k+1)] of the next time slot. untie;

模块M5：基站将链路激活决策

Figure BDA0002921382630000035
发送给对应链路i；Module M5: The base station makes the link activation decision
Figure BDA0002921382630000035
Send to the corresponding link i;

模块M6：D2D链路根据收到的链路激活决策进行信息传输，传输结束后记录传输结果；当前时隙结束，令k＝k+1，返回执行模块M2。Module M6: The D2D link transmits information according to the received link activation decision, and records the transmission result after the transmission ends; when the current time slot ends, set k=k+1, and return to the execution module M2.

优选地，所述模块M1中组建由基站集中控制的无线D2D通信系统包括：多个空间位置随机分布的传输时间敏感信息的D2D收发设备，与一个用于集中控制D2D链路传输调度的基站；Preferably, a wireless D2D communication system centrally controlled by a base station in the module M1 comprises: a plurality of D2D transceiver devices that transmit time-sensitive information with random distribution in space, and a base station for centralized control of D2D link transmission scheduling;

所述基站通过信令集中控制链路完成设备间直接的信息传输，所述基站集中控制的D2D无线通信系统的初始化系统参数，所述初始化系统参数包括：设备对个数N，D2D发送设备发射功率P，信干噪比解码门限值βi，其中，i表示第i条链路，初始时隙k＝1，各链路的初始瞬时信息年龄Ai(k|k＝1)。The base station completes direct information transmission between devices through a centralized signaling control link, and the initialization system parameters of the D2D wireless communication system centrally controlled by the base station include: the number of device pairs N, the D2D sending device transmitting Power P, signal-to-interference-noise ratio decoding threshold β i , where i represents the ith link, the initial time slot k=1, and the initial instantaneous information age A i of each link (k|k=1).

优选地，所述模块M2中D2D收发设备向基站发送当前时隙的状态信息包括：接收设备在上个时隙k-1时的传输状态bi(k-1)，其中，bi(k-1)＝1表示信息得到更新，bi(k-1)＝0表示信息没有得到更新；各条链路的接收器与发射器的位置信息

Figure BDA0002921382630000041
Figure BDA0002921382630000042
其中，
Figure BDA0002921382630000043
分别表示发射器与接收器的二维空间坐标，通过全球卫星导航系统获取。Preferably, the state information of the current time slot sent by the D2D transceiver device in the module M2 to the base station includes: the transmission state b i (k-1) of the receiving device in the last time slot k-1, where b i (k -1)=1 means that the information is updated, and bi ( k -1)=0 means that the information is not updated; the location information of the receiver and transmitter of each link
Figure BDA0002921382630000041
Figure BDA0002921382630000042
in,
Figure BDA0002921382630000043
Represent the two-dimensional space coordinates of the transmitter and receiver, respectively, obtained through the global satellite navigation system.

优选地，所述模块M3中基站利用上个时隙保存的各条链路的瞬时信息年龄Ai(k-1)和接收到的传输状态bi(k-1)计算当前时隙各条链路的瞬时信息年龄Ai(k)＝Ai(k-1)[1-bi(k-1)]+1。基站计算各链路的传输成功概率，链路i在当前时隙k的传输成功概率μi(k)，计算公式为：

Figure BDA0002921382630000044
其中
Figure BDA0002921382630000045
Figure BDA0002921382630000046
xi(k)表示基站在时隙k对链路i做出的链路激活决策，xi(k)＝1表示进行传输，xi(k)＝0表示不进行传输，hji表示链路j的发射器与链路i的接收器间的小尺度衰落，α表示路径损耗指数，ρi表示传输成功概率受环境噪声的影响，Dji表示链路i的传输成功概率受链路j的发射器的干扰影响，dji表示链路j的发射器与链路i的接收器之间的距离，σ2表示环境中的加性高斯白噪声。基站计算下个时隙的期望信息年龄E[Ai(k+1)]，计算公式为：
Figure BDA0002921382630000047
Preferably, in the module M3, the base station uses the instantaneous information age A i (k-1) of each link saved in the previous time slot and the received transmission state b i (k-1) to calculate each link in the current time slot. The instantaneous information age of the link A i (k)=A i (k-1)[1- bi (k-1)]+1. The base station calculates the transmission success probability of each link, the transmission success probability μ i (k) of link i in the current time slot k, and the calculation formula is:
Figure BDA0002921382630000044
in
Figure BDA0002921382630000045
Figure BDA0002921382630000046
xi (k) represents the link activation decision made by the base station for link i in time slot k, xi (k)=1 means transmission, xi (k)=0 means no transmission, h ji means link The small-scale fading between the transmitter of path j and the receiver of link i, α represents the path loss index, ρ i represents that the transmission success probability is affected by environmental noise, D ji represents that the transmission success probability of link i is affected by link j The interference effect of the transmitter of , d ji represents the distance between the transmitter of link j and the receiver of link i, σ 2 represents the additive white Gaussian noise in the environment. The base station calculates the expected information age E[A i (k+1)] of the next time slot, and the calculation formula is:
Figure BDA0002921382630000047

优选地，所述模块M4中基站求解关于链路激活决策xi(k)的整数规划问题，所述整数规划问题如下：Preferably, in the module M4, the base station solves an integer programming problem about the link activation decision xi (k), and the integer programming problem is as follows:

Figure BDA0002921382630000048
Figure BDA0002921382630000048

通过计算得到所述整数规划问题的解

Figure BDA0002921382630000049
The solution of the integer programming problem is obtained by calculation
Figure BDA0002921382630000049

与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下的有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1.本发明基于不同于以提高吞吐量或是信息传输速率为优化目标的D2D通信资源管理与干扰抑制方案，考虑了系统整体的时间平均AoI，为各条链路之间的传输公平性提供了依据，同时提高了整体系统的实时性与信息时效性。1. The present invention is based on a D2D communication resource management and interference suppression scheme that is different from the optimization goal of improving throughput or information transmission rate, and considers the time-averaged AoI of the entire system to provide transmission fairness between each link. At the same time, the real-time performance and information timeliness of the overall system are improved.

2.本发明通过基站集中收集处理系统状态信息并得出调度策略，以指导范围内的设备基于信息年龄最小准则进行设备间直接传输，充分利用了基站的全局调度能力与设备间直接传输的频谱效率收益，提高系统频谱利用率。2. The present invention collects and processes system state information centrally through the base station and obtains a scheduling policy, so as to guide the devices within the range to perform direct transmission between devices based on the minimum information age criterion, and make full use of the global scheduling capability of the base station and the frequency spectrum of direct transmission between devices. Efficiency gains and improved system spectrum utilization.

附图说明Description of drawings

通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述，本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显：Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

图1为本发明的系统流程图；Fig. 1 is the system flow chart of the present invention;

图2为本发明的系统示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明，但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变化和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several changes and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

参照图1，本发明提供一种基于信息年龄的无线网络通信资源调度方法和系统，包括如下步骤：1, the present invention provides a wireless network communication resource scheduling method and system based on information age, including the following steps:

步骤1：组建由基站集中控制的无线D2D通信系统，初始化系统参数；Step 1: Set up a wireless D2D communication system centrally controlled by the base station, and initialize system parameters;

步骤2：第k个时隙开始时，所有D2D收发设备向基站发送当前时隙的状态信息；Step 2: At the beginning of the kth time slot, all D2D transceivers send the status information of the current time slot to the base station;

步骤3：基站根据接收到的状态信息计算当前时隙的瞬时信息年龄Ai(k)，各条链路的传输成功概率μi(k)，以及下个时隙的期望信息年龄E[Ai(k+1)]；Step 3: The base station calculates the instantaneous information age A i (k) of the current time slot, the transmission success probability μ i (k) of each link, and the expected information age E [A of the next time slot according to the received state information i (k+1)];

步骤4：基站求解关于链路激活决策xi(k)的整数规划问题，得到使下个时隙期望信息年龄E[Ai(k+1)]最小的链路激活决策xi(k)的最优解；Step 4: The base station solves the integer programming problem about the link activation decision xi (k), and obtains the link activation decision xi (k) that minimizes the expected information age E[A i (k+1)] of the next time slot the optimal solution;

步骤5：基站将链路激活决策

Figure BDA0002921382630000051
发送给对应链路i；Step 5: The base station makes the link activation decision
Figure BDA0002921382630000051
Send to the corresponding link i;

步骤6：各D2D链路根据收到的链路激活决策

Figure BDA0002921382630000052
进行信息传输，传输结束后记录传输结果；当前时隙结束，令k＝k+1，返回执行步骤2。Step 6: Each D2D link activates a decision based on the received link
Figure BDA0002921382630000052
Carry out information transmission, and record the transmission result after the transmission ends; when the current time slot ends, set k=k+1, and return to step 2.

步骤1中组建的由基站集中控制的D2D无线通信系统包括：多个空间位置随机分布的传输时间敏感信息的D2D收发设备对，与一个用于集中控制D2D链路传输调度的基站，基站通过信令集中控制链路完成设备间直接的信息传输。初始化基站集中控制的D2D无线通信系统的参数，所述系统参数包括：设备对个数，记为N；D2D发送设备发射功率，记为P；信干噪比解码门限值，记为βi，其中，i表示第i条链路；初始时隙k＝1；各链路的初始瞬时信息年龄Ai(k|k＝1)。The D2D wireless communication system centrally controlled by the base station established in step 1 includes: a plurality of pairs of D2D transceivers that transmit time-sensitive information randomly distributed in space, and a base station for centrally controlling the transmission scheduling of the D2D link. Make the centralized control link complete the direct information transmission between devices. Initialize the parameters of the D2D wireless communication system centrally controlled by the base station, the system parameters include: the number of device pairs, denoted as N; the transmit power of the D2D sending device, denoted as P; the signal-to-interference-noise ratio decoding threshold, denoted as β i , where i represents the ith link; the initial time slot k=1; the initial instantaneous information age A i (k|k=1) of each link.

步骤2中D2D收发设备向基站发送当前时隙的状态信息包括：接收设备在上个时隙k-1时的传输状态bi(k-1)，其中，bi(k-1)＝1表示信息得到更新，bi(k-1)＝0表示信息没有得到更新；各条链路的接收器与发射器的位置信息，记为

Figure BDA0002921382630000061
Figure BDA0002921382630000062
其中，
Figure BDA0002921382630000063
分别表示发射器与接收器的二维空间坐标，可通过全球卫星导航系统获取。In step 2, the state information of the current time slot sent by the D2D transceiver device to the base station includes: the transmission state b i (k-1) of the receiving device in the last time slot k-1, where b i (k-1)=1 Indicates that the information has been updated, and bi ( k -1)=0 indicates that the information has not been updated; the location information of the receiver and transmitter of each link is denoted as
Figure BDA0002921382630000061
Figure BDA0002921382630000062
in,
Figure BDA0002921382630000063
Represents the two-dimensional space coordinates of the transmitter and receiver, respectively, which can be obtained through the global satellite navigation system.

步骤3中：基站利用上个时隙保存的各条链路的瞬时信息年龄Ai(k-1)和接收到的传输状态bi(k-1)计算当前时隙各条链路的瞬时信息年龄：Ai(k)＝Ai(k-1)[1-bi(k-1)]+1。基站计算各链路的传输成功概率，链路i在当前时隙k的传输成功概率μi(k)，计算公式为：

Figure BDA0002921382630000064
其中
Figure BDA0002921382630000065
Figure BDA0002921382630000066
xi(k)表示基站在时隙k对链路i做出的链路激活决策，xi(k)＝1表示进行传输，xi(k)＝0表示不进行传输，hji表示链路j的发射器与链路i的接收器间的小尺度衰落，α表示路径损耗指数，ρi表示传输成功概率受环境噪声的影响，Dji表示链路i的传输成功概率受链路j的发射器的干扰影响，dji表示链路j的发射器与链路i的接收器之间的距离，σ2表示环境中的加性高斯白噪声。基站计算下个时隙的期望信息年龄E[Ai(k+1)]，计算公式为：
Figure BDA0002921382630000067
Figure BDA0002921382630000068
In step 3: the base station uses the instantaneous information age A i (k-1) of each link saved in the previous time slot and the received transmission state bi ( k -1) to calculate the instantaneous information age of each link in the current time slot. Information age: A i (k)=A i (k-1)[1- bi (k-1)]+1. The base station calculates the transmission success probability of each link, the transmission success probability μ i (k) of link i in the current time slot k, and the calculation formula is:
Figure BDA0002921382630000064
in
Figure BDA0002921382630000065
Figure BDA0002921382630000066
xi (k) represents the link activation decision made by the base station for link i in time slot k, xi (k)=1 means transmission, xi (k)=0 means no transmission, h ji means link The small-scale fading between the transmitter of path j and the receiver of link i, α represents the path loss index, ρ i represents that the transmission success probability is affected by environmental noise, D ji represents that the transmission success probability of link i is affected by link j The interference effect of the transmitter of , d ji represents the distance between the transmitter of link j and the receiver of link i, σ 2 represents the additive white Gaussian noise in the environment. The base station calculates the expected information age E[A i (k+1)] of the next time slot, and the calculation formula is:
Figure BDA0002921382630000067
Figure BDA0002921382630000068

步骤4中：基站求解关于链路激活决策xi(k)的整数规划问题，所述整数规划问题如下：In step 4: the base station solves an integer programming problem about the link activation decision xi (k), and the integer programming problem is as follows:

Figure BDA0002921382630000069
Figure BDA0002921382630000069

通过计算得到所述整数规划问题的最优解

Figure BDA00029213826300000610
The optimal solution of the integer programming problem is obtained by calculation
Figure BDA00029213826300000610

步骤6中：对于任一链路i，若

Figure BDA00029213826300000611
则链路i在当前时隙不进行信息传输，传输结果记为bi(k)＝0，若
Figure BDA00029213826300000612
则链路i的发射器在当前时隙向对应接受器发送最新的信息，若传输不成功，则bi(k)＝0，若传输成功，则bi(k)＝1。In step 6: for any link i, if
Figure BDA00029213826300000611
Then link i does not transmit information in the current time slot, and the transmission result is denoted as bi ( k ) = 0, if
Figure BDA00029213826300000612
Then the transmitter of link i sends the latest information to the corresponding receiver in the current time slot. If the transmission is unsuccessful, then bi ( k )=0, and if the transmission is successful, then bi ( k )=1.

本发明提供一种基于信息年龄的无线网络通信资源调度方法和系统综合考虑了各个直接通信的D2D设备对的地理位置、信道状态信息与各链路的瞬时信息年龄来做调度决定。The present invention provides a wireless network communication resource scheduling method and system based on information age, which comprehensively considers the geographic location, channel state information and instantaneous information age of each link of each D2D device pair in direct communication to make scheduling decisions.

参照图2，对于需要传输时间敏感信息的D2D通信设备对，所关注信息的平均AoI是评估信息新鲜度的重要指标。由于工作在相同频段，任一D2D链路的接受设备将收到范围内所有其他发射设备的信号干扰，激活所有链路将造成巨大的干扰导致几乎所有链路都无法成功传输。需要合理的链路调度策略指导各链路是否激活以使各链路能达到最低的AoI。Referring to FIG. 2 , for a pair of D2D communication devices that need to transmit time-sensitive information, the average AoI of the information of interest is an important indicator for evaluating the freshness of information. Since they work in the same frequency band, the receiving device of any D2D link will receive signal interference from all other transmitting devices within the range, and activating all links will cause huge interference and cause almost all links to fail to transmit successfully. A reasonable link scheduling strategy is required to guide whether each link is activated so that each link can achieve the lowest AoI.

链路1的接受设备的信道状态较好，受到干扰影响较小，传输成功概率高，如果按照传输速率最大的目标，链路1将经常被调度进行传输，但由于链路1的发射设备与链路5、6的接受设备距离较近，将降低链路5、6的传输概率，使信息年龄降低；链路2的接收设备与发送设备距离较远且受到链路3、4的发射设备干扰较严重，为了降低链路2的信息年龄，需要在不激活链路3、4的情况下激活链路2进行传输；链路5、6的信道链路相互交叉，轮流激活可以达到较低的AoI。The channel state of the receiving device of link 1 is better, less affected by interference, and the probability of successful transmission is high. If the target of the maximum transmission rate is used, link 1 will often be scheduled for transmission. The distance between the receiving devices of links 5 and 6 is close, which will reduce the transmission probability of links 5 and 6, and the information age will be reduced; The interference is serious. In order to reduce the information age of link 2, it is necessary to activate link 2 for transmission without activating links 3 and 4; the channel links of links 5 and 6 cross each other, and the alternate activation can reach a lower level. AoI.

本发明提供的一种基于信息年龄的无线网络通信资源调度方法和系统提高了整体系统的实时性与信息时效性，且提高系统频谱利用率。The method and system for scheduling wireless network communication resources based on information age provided by the present invention improve the real-time performance and information timeliness of the overall system, and improve the system spectrum utilization rate.

本领域技术人员知道，除了以纯计算机可读程序代码方式实现本发明提供的系统及其各个装置、模块、单元以外，完全可以通过将方法步骤进行逻辑编程来使得本发明提供的系统及其各个装置、模块、单元以逻辑门、开关、专用集成电路、可编程逻辑控制器以及嵌入式微控制器等的形式来实现相同功能。所以，本发明提供的系统及其各项装置、模块、单元可以被认为是一种硬件部件，而对其内包括的用于实现各种功能的装置、模块、单元也可以视为硬件部件内的结构；也可以将用于实现各种功能的装置、模块、单元视为既可以是实现方法的软件模块又可以是硬件部件内的结构。Those skilled in the art know that, in addition to implementing the system provided by the present invention and its various devices, modules, and units in the form of purely computer-readable program codes, the system provided by the present invention and its various devices can be implemented by logically programming the method steps. , modules, and units realize the same function in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers. Therefore, the system provided by the present invention and its various devices, modules and units can be regarded as a kind of hardware components, and the devices, modules and units included in it for realizing various functions can also be regarded as hardware components. The device, module and unit for realizing various functions can also be regarded as both a software module for realizing the method and a structure within a hardware component.

以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是，本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式，本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变化或修改，这并不影响本发明的实质内容。在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例和实施例中的特征可以任意相互组合。Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essential content of the present invention. The embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.

Claims (10)

1.一种基于信息年龄的无线网络通信资源调度方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：1. a wireless network communication resource scheduling method based on information age, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: 步骤1：组建由基站集中控制的无线D2D通信系统，初始化系统参数；Step 1: Set up a wireless D2D communication system centrally controlled by the base station, and initialize system parameters; 步骤2：D2D收发设备向基站发送当前时隙的状态信息；Step 2: The D2D transceiver device sends the status information of the current time slot to the base station; 步骤3：基站根据接收到的状态信息计算当前时隙的瞬时信息年龄Ai(k)，各条链路的传输成功概率μi(k)，以及下个时隙的期望信息年龄E[Ai(k+1)]；Step 3: The base station calculates the instantaneous information age A i (k) of the current time slot, the transmission success probability μ i (k) of each link, and the expected information age E [A of the next time slot according to the received state information i (k+1)]; 步骤4：基站求解关于链路激活决策xi(k)的整数规划问题，得到使下个时隙期望信息年龄E[Ai(k+1)]的链路激活决策xi(k)的解；Step 4: The base station solves the integer programming problem about the link activation decision xi (k), and obtains the link activation decision xi (k) that makes the expected information age E[A i (k+1)] of the next time slot. untie; 步骤5：基站将链路激活决策
Figure FDA0003490243340000011
发送给对应链路i；Step 5: The base station makes the link activation decision
Figure FDA0003490243340000011
Send to the corresponding link i; 步骤6：D2D链路根据收到的链路激活决策进行信息传输，传输结束后记录传输结果；当前时隙结束，令k＝k+1，返回执行步骤2。Step 6: The D2D link performs information transmission according to the received link activation decision, and records the transmission result after the transmission is completed; 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于信息年龄的无线网络通信资源调度方法，其特征在于，所述步骤1中组建由基站集中控制的无线D2D通信系统包括：多个空间位置随机分布的传输时间敏感信息的D2D收发设备，与一个用于集中控制D2D链路传输调度的基站；2. A wireless network communication resource scheduling method based on information age according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step 1, establishing a wireless D2D communication system centrally controlled by a base station comprises: a plurality of randomly distributed spatial locations. D2D transceiver equipment for transmitting time-sensitive information, and a base station for centralized control of D2D link transmission scheduling; 所述基站通过信令集中控制链路完成设备间直接的信息传输，所述基站集中控制的D2D无线通信系统的初始化系统参数，所述初始化系统参数包括：设备对个数N，D2D发送设备发射功率P，信干噪比解码门限值βi，其中，i表示第i条链路，初始时隙k＝1，各链路的初始瞬时信息年龄Ai(k)，k＝1。The base station completes direct information transmission between devices through a centralized signaling control link, and the initialization system parameters of the D2D wireless communication system centrally controlled by the base station include: the number of device pairs N, the D2D sending device transmitting Power P, signal-to-interference-noise ratio decoding threshold β i , where i represents the ith link, initial time slot k=1, initial instantaneous information age A i (k) of each link, k=1. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于信息年龄的无线网络通信资源调度方法，其特征在于，所述步骤2中D2D收发设备向基站发送当前时隙的状态信息包括：接收设备在上个时隙k-1时的传输状态bi(k-1)，其中，bi(k-1)＝1表示信息得到更新，bi(k-1)＝0表示信息没有得到更新；各条链路的接收器与发射器的位置信息
Figure FDA0003490243340000012
Figure FDA0003490243340000013
其中，
Figure FDA0003490243340000014
分别表示发射器与接收器的二维空间坐标，通过全球卫星导航系统获取。3. The method for scheduling wireless network communication resources based on information age according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, the D2D transceiver device sends the status information of the current time slot to the base station, comprising: the receiving device is in the last time slot. The transmission state b i (k-1) at time slot k-1, where b i (k-1)=1 means that the information is updated, and b i (k-1)=0 means that the information is not updated; Link's receiver and transmitter location information
Figure FDA0003490243340000012
Figure FDA0003490243340000013
in,
Figure FDA0003490243340000014
Represent the two-dimensional space coordinates of the transmitter and receiver, respectively, obtained through the global satellite navigation system. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于信息年龄的无线网络通信资源调度方法，其特征在于，所述步骤3中基站利用上个时隙保存的各条链路的瞬时信息年龄Ai(k-1)和接收到的传输状态bi(k-1)计算当前时隙各条链路的瞬时信息年龄Ai(k)＝Ai(k-1)[1-bi(k-1)]+1；基站计算各链路的传输成功概率，链路i在当前时隙k的传输成功概率μi(k)，计算公式为：
Figure FDA0003490243340000021
其中
Figure FDA0003490243340000022
Figure FDA0003490243340000023
xi(k)表示基站在时隙k对链路i做出的链路激活决策，xi(k)＝1表示进行传输，xi(k)＝0表示不进行传输，xj(k)表示基站在时隙k对链路j做出的链路激活决策，hji表示链路j的发射器与链路i的接收器间的小尺度衰落，hii表示链路i的发射器与链路i的接收器间的小尺度衰落，α表示路径损耗指数，ρi表示传输成功概率受环境噪声的影响，Dji表示链路i的传输成功概率受链路j的发射器的干扰影响，dji表示链路j的发射器与链路i的接收器之间的距离，dii表示链路i的发射器与链路i的接收器之间的距离；σ2表示环境中的加性高斯白噪声；D2D发送设备发射功率P，信干噪比解码门限值βi；基站计算下个时隙的期望信息年龄E[Ai(k+1)]，计算公式为：
Figure FDA0003490243340000024
4. a kind of wireless network communication resource scheduling method based on information age according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 3, base station utilizes the instantaneous information age A i ( k-1) and the received transmission state bi ( k -1) to calculate the instantaneous information age of each link in the current time slot A i (k)=A i (k-1)[1- bi (k- 1)]+1; the base station calculates the transmission success probability of each link, the transmission success probability μ i (k) of link i in the current time slot k, the calculation formula is:
Figure FDA0003490243340000021
in
Figure FDA0003490243340000022
Figure FDA0003490243340000023
xi (k) represents the link activation decision made by the base station for link i in time slot k, xi (k)=1 means transmission, xi (k)=0 means no transmission, x j (k ) represents the link activation decision made by the base station for link j at time slot k, h ji represents the small-scale fading between the transmitter of link j and the receiver of link i, h ii represents the transmitter of link i Small-scale fading with the receiver of link i, α represents the path loss index, ρ i represents the transmission success probability affected by environmental noise, D ji represents the transmission success probability of link i is interfered by the transmitter of link j Influence, d ji represents the distance between the transmitter of link j and the receiver of link i, d ii represents the distance between the transmitter of link i and the receiver of link i; σ 2 represents the Additive white Gaussian noise; D2D transmitting equipment transmit power P, signal-to-interference-noise ratio decoding threshold β i ; the base station calculates the expected information age E[A i (k+1)] of the next time slot, and the calculation formula is:
Figure FDA0003490243340000024
 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于信息年龄的无线网络通信资源调度方法，其特征在于，所述步骤4中基站求解关于链路激活决策xi(k)的整数规划问题，所述整数规划问题如下：5. a kind of wireless network communication resource scheduling method based on information age according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 4, base station solves the integer programming problem about link activation decision xi (k), described The integer programming problem is as follows:
Figure FDA0003490243340000025
Figure FDA0003490243340000025
Figure FDA0003490243340000026
Figure FDA0003490243340000026
 通过计算得到所述整数规划问题的解
Figure FDA0003490243340000027
设备对个数N。The solution of the integer programming problem is obtained by calculation
Figure FDA0003490243340000027
The number of device pairs is N. 6.一种基于信息年龄的无线网络通信资源调度系统，其特征在于，包括如下模块：6. a wireless network communication resource scheduling system based on information age, is characterized in that, comprises following module: 模块M1：组建由基站集中控制的无线D2D通信系统，初始化系统参数；Module M1: build a wireless D2D communication system centrally controlled by the base station, and initialize system parameters; 模块M2：D2D收发设备向基站发送当前时隙的状态信息；Module M2: The D2D transceiver device sends the status information of the current time slot to the base station; 模块M3：基站根据接收到的状态信息计算当前时隙的瞬时信息年龄Ai(k)，各条链路的传输成功概率μi(k)，以及下个时隙的期望信息年龄E[Ai(k+1)]；Module M3: The base station calculates the instantaneous information age A i (k) of the current time slot, the transmission success probability μ i (k) of each link, and the expected information age E [A of the next time slot according to the received state information i (k+1)]; 模块M4：基站求解关于链路激活决策xi(k)的整数规划问题，得到使下个时隙期望信息年龄E[Ai(k+1)]的链路激活决策xi(k)的解；Module M4: The base station solves the integer programming problem about the link activation decision xi (k), and obtains the link activation decision xi (k) that makes the expected information age E[A i (k+1)] of the next time slot. untie; 模块M5：基站将链路激活决策
Figure FDA0003490243340000028
发送给对应链路i；Module M5: The base station makes the link activation decision
Figure FDA0003490243340000028
Send to the corresponding link i; 模块M6：D2D链路根据收到的链路激活决策进行信息传输，传输结束后记录传输结果；当前时隙结束，令k＝k+1，返回执行模块M2。Module M6: The D2D link transmits information according to the received link activation decision, and records the transmission result after the transmission ends; when the current time slot ends, set k=k+1, and return to the execution module M2. 7.根据权利要求6所述的一种基于信息年龄的无线网络通信资源调度系统，其特征在于，所述模块M1中组建由基站集中控制的无线D2D通信系统包括：多个空间位置随机分布的传输时间敏感信息的D2D收发设备，与一个用于集中控制D2D链路传输调度的基站；7. A wireless network communication resource scheduling system based on information age according to claim 6, characterized in that, forming a wireless D2D communication system centrally controlled by a base station in the module M1 comprises: a plurality of randomly distributed spatial locations D2D transceiver equipment for transmitting time-sensitive information, and a base station for centralized control of D2D link transmission scheduling; 所述基站通过信令集中控制链路完成设备间直接的信息传输，所述基站集中控制的D2D无线通信系统的初始化系统参数，所述初始化系统参数包括：设备对个数N，D2D发送设备发射功率P，信干噪比解码门限值βi，其中，i表示第i条链路，初始时隙k＝1，各链路的初始瞬时信息年龄Ai(k)，k＝1。The base station completes direct information transmission between devices through a centralized signaling control link, and the initialization system parameters of the D2D wireless communication system centrally controlled by the base station include: the number of device pairs N, the D2D sending device transmitting Power P, signal-to-interference-noise ratio decoding threshold β i , where i represents the ith link, initial time slot k=1, initial instantaneous information age A i (k) of each link, k=1. 8.根据权利要求6所述的一种基于信息年龄的无线网络通信资源调度系统，其特征在于，所述模块M2中D2D收发设备向基站发送当前时隙的状态信息包括：接收设备在上个时隙k-1时的传输状态bi(k-1)，其中，bi(k-1)＝1表示信息得到更新，bi(k-1)＝0表示信息没有得到更新；各条链路的接收器与发射器的位置信息
Figure FDA0003490243340000031
Figure FDA0003490243340000032
其中，
Figure FDA0003490243340000033
分别表示发射器与接收器的二维空间坐标，通过全球卫星导航系统获取。8 . The wireless network communication resource scheduling system based on information age according to claim 6 , wherein the sending of the status information of the current time slot by the D2D transceiver device in the module M2 to the base station comprises: the receiving device is in the last time slot. 9 . The transmission state b i (k-1) at time slot k-1, where b i (k-1)=1 means that the information is updated, and b i (k-1)=0 means that the information is not updated; Link's receiver and transmitter location information
Figure FDA0003490243340000031
Figure FDA0003490243340000032
in,
Figure FDA0003490243340000033
Represent the two-dimensional space coordinates of the transmitter and receiver, respectively, obtained through the global satellite navigation system. 9.根据权利要求6所述的一种基于信息年龄的无线网络通信资源调度系统，其特征在于，所述模块M3中基站利用上个时隙保存的各条链路的瞬时信息年龄Ai(k-1)和接收到的传输状态bi(k-1)计算当前时隙各条链路的瞬时信息年龄Ai(k)＝Ai(k-1)[1-bi(k-1)]+1；基站计算各链路的传输成功概率，链路i在当前时隙k的传输成功概率μi(k)，计算公式为：
Figure FDA0003490243340000034
其中
Figure FDA0003490243340000035
Figure FDA0003490243340000036
xi(k)表示基站在时隙k对链路i做出的链路激活决策，xi(k)＝1表示进行传输，xi(k)＝0表示不进行传输，xj(k)表示基站在时隙k对链路j做出的链路激活决策，hji表示链路j的发射器与链路i的接收器间的小尺度衰落，hii表示链路i的发射器与链路i的接收器间的小尺度衰落，α表示路径损耗指数，ρi表示传输成功概率受环境噪声的影响，Dji表示链路i的传输成功概率受链路j的发射器的干扰影响，dji表示链路j的发射器与链路i的接收器之间的距离， dii表示链路i的发射器与链路i的接收器之间的距离；σ2表示环境中的加性高斯白噪声；D2D发送设备发射功率P，信干噪比解码门限值βi；基站计算下个时隙的期望信息年龄E[Ai(k+1)]，计算公式为：
Figure FDA0003490243340000041
Figure FDA0003490243340000042
9. a kind of wireless network communication resource scheduling system based on information age according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in described module M3, base station utilizes the instantaneous information age A i ( k-1) and the received transmission state bi ( k -1) to calculate the instantaneous information age of each link in the current time slot A i (k)=A i (k-1)[1- bi (k- 1)]+1; the base station calculates the transmission success probability of each link, the transmission success probability μ i (k) of link i in the current time slot k, the calculation formula is:
Figure FDA0003490243340000034
in
Figure FDA0003490243340000035
Figure FDA0003490243340000036
xi (k) represents the link activation decision made by the base station for link i in time slot k, xi (k)=1 means transmission, xi (k)=0 means no transmission, x j (k ) represents the link activation decision made by the base station for link j at time slot k, h ji represents the small-scale fading between the transmitter of link j and the receiver of link i, h ii represents the transmitter of link i Small-scale fading with the receiver of link i, α represents the path loss index, ρ i represents the transmission success probability affected by environmental noise, D ji represents the transmission success probability of link i is interfered by the transmitter of link j Influence, d ji represents the distance between the transmitter of link j and the receiver of link i, d ii represents the distance between the transmitter of link i and the receiver of link i; σ 2 represents the Additive white Gaussian noise; D2D transmitting equipment transmit power P, signal-to-interference-noise ratio decoding threshold β i ; the base station calculates the expected information age E[A i (k+1)] of the next time slot, and the calculation formula is:
Figure FDA0003490243340000041
Figure FDA0003490243340000042
 10.根据权利要求6所述的一种基于信息年龄的无线网络通信资源调度系统，其特征在于，所述模块M4中基站求解关于链路激活决策xi(k)的整数规划问题，所述整数规划问题如下：10. A wireless network communication resource scheduling system based on information age according to claim 6, characterized in that, in the module M4, the base station solves the integer programming problem about the link activation decision xi (k), the The integer programming problem is as follows:
Figure FDA0003490243340000043
Figure FDA0003490243340000043
Figure FDA0003490243340000044
Figure FDA0003490243340000044
 通过计算得到所述整数规划问题的解
Figure FDA0003490243340000045
设备对个数N。The solution of the integer programming problem is obtained by calculation
Figure FDA0003490243340000045
The number of device pairs is N.
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