CN112857659A - Chirped long-period fiber grating sensor for measuring wind pressure - Google Patents
Chirped long-period fiber grating sensor for measuring wind pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112857659A CN112857659A CN202110403607.4A CN202110403607A CN112857659A CN 112857659 A CN112857659 A CN 112857659A CN 202110403607 A CN202110403607 A CN 202110403607A CN 112857659 A CN112857659 A CN 112857659A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L11/00—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00
- G01L11/02—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00 by optical means
- G01L11/025—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00 by optical means using a pressure-sensitive optical fibre
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a chirped long-period fiber grating sensor for measuring wind pressure, which consists of a broadband light source, a filter, a sensing unit fixing device, a spectrometer and a single-mode fiber for connection. The broadband laser output by the broadband light source is limited in a specific wavelength by the filter and then input into the sensing unit, and when wind blows to the sensing unit, the broadband laser is bent, so that the chirped long-period fiber grating embedded into the broadband laser is driven to deform, chirped signals can be weakened accordingly, the light intensity of a transmission spectrum can be correspondingly changed, the broadband laser can be used for detecting the environmental wind pressure, meanwhile, the transmission peak bandwidth of the sensing unit is very wide, the stability is good, the sensitivity is good, and the application prospect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a chirped long-period fiber grating sensor for measuring wind pressure, and belongs to the technical field of fiber sensing.
Background
The chirped long-period fiber grating is one kind of long-period fiber grating, and is one kind of special long-period fiber grating with period varying with the axial direction of the fiber; the transmission spectrum has wide bandwidth, so that band rejection of a plurality of wavelengths can be realized in the transmission spectrum, the method is suitable for multi-wavelength filtering, and has special advantages in the aspect of optical communication.
At present, wind pressure is mainly measured by a wind speed sensor, and mainly comprises a wind cup anemometer, a propeller type fraction meter, a hot wire anemometer and an acoustic anemometer. The wind cup anemometer is characterized in that three hemispherical hollow cups which are fixed on a frame at 120 degrees are arranged in a same plane, the whole frame and the wind cups are fixed on a freely rotating shaft, the wind cups rotate around the shaft under the action of wind, and the rotating speed is in direct proportion to the wind speed; the hot wire anemometer is formed by a metal wire heated by current, the metal wire radiates heat according to flowing air, and the size of the wind speed is determined by the radiating rate of the metal wire; an acoustic anemometer measures wind speed based on the characteristic that a wind speed component will increase the speed of sound wave propagation in the direction of sound wave propagation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a chirp long-period fiber grating sensor for measuring wind pressure, wherein broadband laser output by a broadband light source is limited to a specific wavelength by a filter and then is input into a sensing unit, when wind blows to the sensing unit, the broadband laser is bent, so that a chirp long-period fiber grating embedded in the broadband laser is driven to deform, a chirp signal is weakened, the light intensity of a transmission spectrum is correspondingly changed, the chirp long-period fiber grating sensor can be used for detecting the environmental wind pressure, and meanwhile, the transmission peak of the sensing unit has very wide bandwidth, good stability, good sensitivity and good application prospect.
The utility model provides a chirp long period fiber grating sensor of measurement wind pressure which characterized in that: the device comprises a broadband light source (1), a filter (2), a sensing unit (3), a sensing unit fixing device (4), a spectrometer (5) and a single-mode optical fiber (6) for connection; the method is characterized in that: the sensing unit (3) consists of a chirped long-period fiber grating (31) and a PDMS film layer (32); the sensing unit (3) is a chirped long-period fiber grating (31) which is embedded in a rectangular PDMS film layer (32) in an arc shape, the length is 2cm, and the height is 1 cm; broadband light source (1) output light makes light signal input sensing element (3) behind transmission to filter (2) by single mode fiber (6), when wind blows to sensing element (3), can take place the bending, thereby drive chirp long period fiber grating (31) of embedding wherein and take place deformation, lead to the reduction of output light intensity transmission to spectrum appearance (5) analysis chirp light signal transmission spectrum light intensity's the situation of change afterwards, thereby reachs the wind pressure size, simultaneously because the broadband filtering ability of chirp long period fiber grating (31) makes transmission light intensity all take place to drift under the multi-wavelength and form mutual contrast, can more accurate record wind pressure.
Wherein the wavelength range of the broadband light source (1) is 1520 nm-1570 nm.
Wherein, the filter (2) is a band-pass filter.
Wherein the chirped long-period fiber grating (31) in the sensing unit (3) is a linear chirped long-period fiber grating with a diameter of 100 μm and a length of 2cm, a fiber core refractive index of 1.45, and a refractive index modulation amplitude of 5 × 10-5Chirp coefficient of 1 × 10-8nm/cm。
The PDMS film layer (32) in the sensing unit (3) has the thickness of 2mm, the refractive index of 1.42, the Young modulus of 800kpa and the Poisson ratio of 0.49.
The sensing unit fixing device (4) needs to accurately fix the sensing unit (3) on the left side and the right side of the sensing unit respectively.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the transmission spectrum of the chirped long-period fiber grating has a close relation with the pressure applied to the chirped long-period fiber grating, and when the external force applied to the fiber is changed, the refractive index of the fiber is changed to be as follows due to the elasto-optic effect:
in the formula n0Is the initial refractive index, v, of the optical fiberpAnd Y represents the Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus of the optical fiber, D represents the diameter of the optical fiber, l is the length of the portion of the optical fiber subjected to an external force, and p11And p12The refractive indexes of the fiber core and the cladding of the optical fiber are gradually increased along with the gradual increase of the stress of the optical fiber; the refractive index of the optical fiber can generate periodic modulation along the axial direction of the optical fiber after the optical fiber is subjected to external force, and the core mode and the m-order cladding of light transmitted in the optical fiberMould LP1m
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the chirped long-period fiber grating (3) with the linear relation between the wind pressure change and the transmitted spectrum light intensity is provided as a sensing unit, and the sensor is particularly sensitive to the external wind pressure change; a novel method which is simple, convenient, easy to build, reliable and high in sensitivity is provided for wind pressure detection.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a chirped long-period fiber grating sensor characteristic device for measuring wind pressure according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sensing unit structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the sensing unit under bending of wind pressure according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to the attached fig. 1, a chirped long period fiber grating sensor for measuring wind pressure is characterized in that: the device comprises a broadband light source (1), a filter (2), a sensing unit (3), a sensing unit fixing device (4), a spectrometer (5) and a single-mode optical fiber (6) for connection; the method is characterized in that: the sensing unit (3) consists of a chirped long-period fiber grating (31) and a PDMS film layer (32); the sensing unit (3) is a chirped long-period fiber grating (31) which is embedded in a rectangular PDMS film layer (32) in an arc shape, the length is 2cm, and the height is 1 cm; broadband light source (1) output light makes light signal input sensing element (3) behind transmission to filter (2) by single mode fiber (6), when wind blows to sensing element (3), can take place the bending, thereby drive chirp long period fiber grating (31) of embedding wherein and take place deformation, lead to the reduction of output light intensity transmission to spectrum appearance (5) analysis chirp light signal transmission spectrum light intensity's the situation of change afterwards, thereby reachs the wind pressure size, simultaneously because the broadband filtering ability of chirp long period fiber grating (31) makes transmission light intensity all take place to drift under the multi-wavelength and form mutual contrast, can more accurate record wind pressure.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a chirp long period fiber grating sensor of measurement wind pressure which characterized in that: the device comprises a broadband light source (1), a filter (2), a sensing unit (3), a sensing unit fixing device (4), a spectrometer (5) and a single-mode optical fiber (6) for connection; the method is characterized in that: the sensing unit (3) consists of a chirped long-period fiber grating (31) and a PDMS film layer (32); the sensing unit (3) is a chirped long-period fiber grating (31) which is embedded in a rectangular PDMS film layer (32) in an arc shape, the length is 2cm, and the height is 1 cm; broadband light source (1) output light makes light signal input sensing element (3) behind transmission to filter (2) by single mode fiber (6), when wind blows to sensing element (3), can take place the bending, thereby drive chirp long period fiber grating (31) of embedding wherein and take place deformation, lead to the reduction of output light intensity transmission to spectrum appearance (5) analysis chirp light signal transmission spectrum light intensity's the situation of change afterwards, thereby reachs the wind pressure size, simultaneously because the broadband filtering ability of chirp long period fiber grating (31) makes transmission light intensity all take place to drift under the multi-wavelength and form mutual contrast, can more accurate record wind pressure.
2. The chirped long-period fiber grating sensor for measuring wind pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wavelength range of the broadband light source (1) is 1520 nm-1570 nm.
3. The chirped long-period fiber grating sensor for measuring wind pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the filter (2) is a band-pass filter.
4. The chirped long-period fiber grating sensor for measuring wind pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the chirped long-period fiber grating (31) in the sensing unit (3) is a linear chirped long-period fiber grating with a diameter of 100 μm and a length of 2cm, and has a fiber core refractionA ratio of 1.45 and a modulation amplitude of refractive index of 5 × 10-5Chirp coefficient of 1 × 10-8nm/cm。
5. The chirped long-period fiber grating sensor for measuring wind pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the PDMS film layer (32) in the sensing unit (3) has the thickness of 2mm, the refractive index of 1.42, the Young modulus of 800kpa and the Poisson ratio of 0.49.
6. The chirped long-period fiber grating sensor for measuring wind pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sensing unit fixing device (4) needs to accurately fix the sensing unit (3) on the left side and the right side of the sensing unit respectively.
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2021
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