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CN112516685A - 一种可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112516685A
CN112516685A CN202011283198.0A CN202011283198A CN112516685A CN 112516685 A CN112516685 A CN 112516685A CN 202011283198 A CN202011283198 A CN 202011283198A CN 112516685 A CN112516685 A CN 112516685A
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China
Prior art keywords
glass fiber
visible light
filter element
fiber filter
air purification
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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CN202011283198.0A
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English (en)
Inventor
曾和平
翟福强
李璐
程江
罗永以
冯光
胡梦云
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chongqing Huapu Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Chongqing Huapu Quantum Technology Co ltd
Chongqing Menghe Biotechnology Co ltd
East China Normal University
Shanghai Langyan Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
Yunnan Huapu Quantum Material Co Ltd
Original Assignee
East China Normal University
Shanghai Langyan Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by East China Normal University, Shanghai Langyan Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd filed Critical East China Normal University
Priority to CN202011283198.0A priority Critical patent/CN112516685A/zh
Publication of CN112516685A publication Critical patent/CN112516685A/zh
Priority to US17/529,014 priority patent/US11944957B2/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯，所述可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯的组分为：纳米级颗粒(4～7wt％)，银纳米线(2～7wt％)，粘结体系(3～8wt％)，以及超细玻璃纤维棉(78～91wt％)。本发明还公开了一种可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯的制备方法，首先通过湿法造纸工艺将包含纳米颗粒种子层和粘结体系的超细玻璃纤维棉成型制备出玻璃纤维滤纸，再经过浸渍退火处理完成原位生长引入具有可将光响应的光催化纳米级颗粒和银纳米线，然后将制得的玻璃纤维滤纸经过打折机的打折处理，制得具有可见光光催化效果的空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯。本发明制备的材料具有可见光催化净化的功能，在空气污染净化领域有广泛的应用前景。

Description

一种可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于复合功能材料技术领域，具体涉及一种可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯及其制备方法。
背景技术
空气质量与我们的健康生活息息相关，在人口密度高的封闭环境中，微生物容易通过飞沫在空气中传播，人体汗腺、食物、香氛等产生的气味在空气中的浓度也较高，严重影响环境舒适度。随着社会的发展，人们对居住生活环境的要求越来越高，空气净化器得到了有效的普及。空气净化器主要是使用空气滤芯来对空气进行净化。空气滤芯的过滤原理是通过玻璃纤维或高分子纤维交错形成网状结构捕捉空气中悬浮的颗粒物。玻璃纤维滤芯是提升过滤性能的重要方式，能够有效平衡过滤效率和进气阻力。然而，传统的玻璃纤维滤芯无法捕捉气体，对有气味的空气也没有过滤效果。通常情况下，过滤气体和气味需要额外增加一层或多层吸附材料或催化材料。气体的去除效率与吸附材料或催化材料的颗粒物尺寸负相关，吸附材料和催化材料的粒径越小，对气体和气味的过滤效率越高。过滤层的使用寿命通常与其中的吸附材料或催化材料的重量正相关，所以单独的气体过滤层不仅会增加滤芯的自重，空气通过滤网时也会额外增加风阻，并产生更大的压降和能耗。另外，玻璃纤维空气滤芯虽然对细菌和病毒有很高的捕捉效率，但是无法杀死捕捉到的微生物，有研究表明，在持续通风且干燥的管道环境，部分微生物在滤网上存活的时间可以长达到210天；当通风关闭且在空气湿度、温度、风速都适宜的环境中，附着在滤网上面的微生物同样可以繁殖生长。
公开号为CN105597834A的发明专利“一种掺杂氧化锌的空气净化材料及其制备方法”公开了一种掺杂氧化锌的空气净化材料及其制备方法,由50-90份钛酸乙醋、2-10份纳米氧化锌、 2-10份甲壳素纳米纤维、3-10份聚乙二醇、200-500份无水乙醇及10-50份水的原料制备而成。滤纸通过不同的重量成分配比,具有良好的吸附性,同时能有效降解空气中的苯、甲苯、氨等对人体有害的空气成分。
公开号为CN106378198A的发明专利“一种光催化空气净化镀膜及其制备方法和应用方法”公开了一种光催化空气净化镀膜及其制备方法和应用方法，由四异丙氧基钛99-101份，无水乙醇145-155份，冰乙酸40-45份，双取代五苯基环戊二烯基氯化镥0.1-0.3份，双氧水1-1.5 份，聚乙二醇30-35份，混合纳米氧化锌粉末65-75份的原料制备而成。使得光催化空气净化镀膜在使用时，能够吸收大量的紫外线，并转化为化学反应所需的能量，大大提高对异味分子和挥发性有机物的降解效率。
公开号为CN107574719A的发明专利“一种抗菌玻璃纤维空气净化过滤纸及其制备方法”公开了一种抗菌玻璃纤维空气净化过滤纸及其制备方法，由可溶银盐5-12份，晶须5-12份，还原剂5-15份，玻璃纤维60-80份，表面活性剂0.5-1.5份，聚合物乳液20-30份，有机溶剂50-100 份制备而成，同时在玻璃纤维上沉积银，使玻璃纤维与银之间的具有很高的结合力，提升抗菌性，然后将其与晶须和聚合物乳液混合均匀,能够有效提高滤纸的强度,具有高容量及长的使用寿命。
上述三项发明专利中，一方面，所公开的空气过滤净化材料没有使用超细玻璃纤维棉，利用紫外光作为光催化降解产业化可行性不高，通过浸渍盐溶液后干燥的方式负载过渡金属或贵金属到载体上制成催化剂，活性材料过渡金属或贵金属以颗粒物的形式被分散到滤网上制成复合滤网。然而，上述发明技术均没有具体描述催化剂的粒径。而催化剂的粒径是评价其活性和寿命的重要参数，这是因为当过渡金属或贵金属作为催化剂或抗菌材料使用时，只有处在颗粒物最外层的金属原子才能直接接触到空气中的气态污染物或微生物。处在颗粒物内层的原子接触不到外部环境，所以没有去除气体污染物的催化活性或是抑制微生物生长的抗菌活性。随着颗粒物尺寸增加，最外层的原子数占总原子数的比例急剧下降，所以过渡金属贵金属的分散程度决定了其活性的利用效率。以通常作为抗菌材料的金属银为例，15nm以上的银颗粒90％以上的原子无法接触微生物，所以大部分的活性不能被利用。过渡金属层的质量和厚度越大，在空气流过滤芯时的阻力越大，也会增加滤网对风机的能耗并将降低过滤效率。
另一方面，现有技术也没有使玻璃纤维棉与纳米颗粒紧密结合，纳米颗粒在玻璃纤维上产生团聚现象，从而导致制备出的空气净化过滤材料的光催化降解效果有限。
发明内容
针对目前现有技术的抗菌玻璃纤维空气净化过滤纸中的银离子容易从纸上脱落，造成其抗菌性变差，同时纳米颗粒于玻璃纤维结合不紧密，只能在紫外范围内光催化的技术缺陷。本发明提供一种可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯及其制备方法，使用超细玻璃纤维棉，以及粘结体系提高纳米级颗粒与玻璃纤维棉的结合度同时使用银纳米线取代现有技术中的银纳米颗粒提高除菌效果。
为达到上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯，组成为：78～85wt％玻璃纤维棉，3～7wt％粘结体系，4～5wt％纳米级颗粒和2～3wt％银纳米线；
优选的，所述超细玻璃纤维棉组成为：SiO2：56.5～66.5wt％，Al2O3：2.5～7.5wt％，MgO： 4.5～8.5wt％，CaO：1.5～4.5wt％，B2O3：3～6.5wt％，Fe2O3+ZnO+BaO：4.5～7.5wt％，碱金属氧化物R2O(Na2O+K2O)：8～10.5wt％，直径0.15～3.5μm；
优选的，所述粘结体系由粘结剂和改性剂组成；
优选的，所述粘结剂为纯丙乳液、硅丙乳液、苯丙乳液、醋丙乳液和改性酚醛树脂中尿素改性酚醛树脂、聚氨酯改性酚醛树脂、三聚氰胺改性酚醛树脂中的一种或几种，质量为占可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯的总质量的2～5％；
优选的，所述改性剂为KH550、KH560、KH792硅烷偶联剂中的一种或几种，质量为可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯的总质量量的1～3％；
优选的，所述具有可见光响应的纳米级颗粒为纳米氧化锌、氧化石墨烯、纳米氧化钛、还原氧化石墨烯中的一种或几种，直径为1～200nm，含量占可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯的总重量的4～7％；
优选的，所述具有可见光响应的纳米级颗粒氧化锌在氧化还原石墨烯表面通过锌氨法生长可以达到1～10nm粒径大小；
优选的，其特征在于，所述具有可见光响应的纳米氧化钛和还原氧化石墨烯的制备方法为：微波合成反应法或沉淀法或溶胶凝胶法或水热法；
优选的，其特征在于，所述银纳米线直径为15～50nm，含量占可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯的总重量的2～7％；
一种可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)选择两种及以上不同直径的玻璃纤维棉，通过纤维解离器将选取的玻璃纤维棉放入含有光催化纳米颗粒和银纳米线的混合液中搅打和分散成均匀的浆料；
(2)将浆料输送至成型造纸机进行湿法成型，然后将成型的湿纸浸渍于粘结体系中，再进行烘干处理；
(3)将制得的玻璃纤维滤芯进行浸渍退火处理使得含光催化纳米颗粒和银纳米线的滤芯附着在玻璃纤维滤纸上，通过干燥退火处理制得具有高光催化效能的空气净化玻璃纤维滤纸，然后将制得的玻璃纤维滤芯经过打折机的打折处理，最终制得具有可见光光催化效果的空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯；
优选的，步骤(1)所述玻璃纤维棉的直径为0.15～3.5μm；
忧选的，步骤(1)所述纤维解离器的打浆转速在5000～12000转/分钟，浆料浓度为5～ 10wt％，浆料pH值为3.0～5.0；
优选的，步骤(2)所述烘干处理为在100～115℃的烘板上烘制5±1min；
优选的，所述步骤(1)中光催化纳米颗粒包括：纳米氧化锌和氧化石墨烯；
优选的，合成步骤如下：将乙酸锌溶解在去离子水里面，通过加入氨水控制沉淀析出，将沉淀抽滤并烘干；再取适量的沉淀加氨水和水配置为氧化锌前驱体溶液摩尔浓度为0.5 ～3.0mol/L；
优选的，合成步骤如下：将葡萄糖溶解于去离子水，温度40～60℃中水浴加热6～8h，再放入聚四氟乙烯反应釜中；将反应釜放入恒温鼓风干燥箱中160～200℃，10～12h，静置沉淀，取上清液；
优选的，所述步骤(2)中浸渍速度为0.5-5cm/min；
优选的，所述步骤(3)中退火条件为H2氛围100℃～400℃退火1～4h。
本发明的有益效果：本发明提供了一种可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯及其制备方法，在利用超细玻璃纤维棉提高空气过滤性能的同时，利用原位生长引入纳米氧化锌和氧化石墨烯使得滤芯能够在可见光的条件下进行光催化降解空气中有害物质，同时有效提高滤芯的使用寿命。滤芯制备工艺较为简单，成本较低，有利于实现大批量的工业化生产。
附图说明
图1为本发明制备的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯示意图；
图2本发明制备的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯上滤纸负载纳米材料扫描电镜图；
图3本发明制备的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯上滤纸负载纳米材料可见光降解图。
具体实施方式
以下实施例将结合附图对本发明做一进步说明，本实施例制备了一种可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯，但本实施例不能用于限制本发明，凡是采用本发明的相似方法及其相似变化，均应列入本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
取直径为3.0μm的超细玻璃纤维棉40份和直径为1.0μm的超细玻璃纤维棉10份，浸泡在混有溶胶凝胶制备的纳米氧化锌颗粒和水20nm银纳米线的水溶液中5min，通过纤维解离器以6000转/每分钟的速度耗时3min打散玻璃纤维棉，制备质量浓度为6％的纸浆悬浊液。通过浆料运输机运输至成型造纸机湿法成型抄制成片。然后再将成型的湿纸浸泡于聚氨酯改性酚醛树脂和KH550混合稀释为占重质量为10％的粘结剂体系中，于100℃的烘板上烘干5min，取出裁成4x4cm的滤纸备用。称取乙酸锌2g溶解于50ml的去离子水中，加入1.5ml的氨水，沉淀抽滤45℃烘干10h。称取沉淀抽滤的锌氨络合物3.4g配置为0.85mol/L的氧化锌溶液前驱体，其中氨水取20ml，去离子水取20ml。取葡萄糖4g溶解在160ml的去离子水中，水浴50℃加热4h，倒入聚四氟乙烯反应釜中160℃于恒温鼓风干燥箱中10h，静置过夜，取上清液5ml充分搅拌。将上述制备的滤纸浸渍于配置的溶液5min，以1cm/min速度提拉，放置于100℃烘板上烘干，重复4次。最后将样品置于H2氛围下400℃条件下保温2h，制备出玻璃纤维滤纸，然后将制得的玻璃纤维滤纸经过打折机的打折处理，最终制得具有可见光光催化效果的空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯。制备出的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯可以达到在可见光的条件下2h降解90％的50ml的10mg/L的罗丹明B溶液，过滤阻力480Pa,过滤效率99.999％，强度0.9KN/m。
实施例2
取直径为3.5μm的超细玻璃纤维棉30份、直径为1.5μm的超细玻璃纤维棉10份和直径为0.5μm的超细玻璃纤维棉10份，浸泡在混有溶胶凝胶制备的纳米氧化锌颗粒和15nm的银纳米线溶液中6min，通过纤维解离器以8000转/每分钟的速度耗时3min打散玻璃纤维棉，制备质量浓度为8％的纸浆悬浊液。通过浆料运输机运输至成型造纸机湿法成型抄制成片。然后再将成型的湿纸浸泡于聚氨酯改性酚醛树脂和KH792混合稀释为占重质量为8％的粘结剂体系中，于110℃的烘板上烘干5min，取出裁成4x4cm的滤纸备用。称取乙酸锌4g溶解于80ml 的去离子水中，加入3ml的氨水，沉淀抽滤40℃烘干10h。称取反应沉淀抽滤的锌氨络合物 6.8g配置为1.7mol/L的氧化锌溶液前驱体，其中氨水取20ml，去离子水取20ml。取葡萄糖 4g溶解在160ml的去离子水中，水浴60℃加热6h，倒入聚四氟乙烯反应釜中180℃于恒温鼓风干燥箱中12h，静置过夜，取上清液10ml充分搅拌。将上述制备的滤纸浸渍于配置的溶液 4min，以1.5cm/min速度提拉，放置于100℃烘板上烘干，重复5次。最后将样品置于H2氛围下350℃条件下保温3h，制备出玻璃纤维滤纸，然后将制得的玻璃纤维滤纸经过打折机的打折处理，最终制得具有可见光光催化效果的空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯。制备出的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯可以在可见光的条件下2h，降解85％的50ml的10mg/L的罗丹明B 溶液，过滤阻力475Pa,过滤效率99.9995％，强度1.0KN/m。表1为本发明制备的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯上滤纸负载纳米材料比表面积图。
表1
Figure BDA0002781469600000061
最后说明的是，以上优选实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管通过上述优选实施例已经对本发明进行了详细的描述，但本领域技术人员应当理解，可以在形式上和细节上对其作出各种各样的改变，而不偏离本发明权利要求书所限定的范围。

Claims (30)

1.一种可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯，其特征在于，所述可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯包括：4～7wt％纳米级颗粒，2～7wt％银纳米线，3～8wt％粘结体系，其余组分为玻璃纤维棉(78～91wt％)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯，其特征在于，所述超细玻璃纤维棉组成为：Al2O3：2.5～7.5wt％，MgO：4.5～8.5wt％，CaO：1.5～4.5wt％，B2O3：3～6.5wt％，Fe2O3+ZnO+BaO：4.5～7.5wt％，碱金属氧化物R2O(Na2O+K2O)：8～10.5wt％，其余成份为SiO2(56.5～66.5wt％)，直径0.15～3.5μm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯，其特征在于，所述可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯，其基体为超细玻璃纤维，通过种子层和原位生长引入纳米颗粒和银纳米线。
4.根据权利要求1所述的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯，其特征在于，所述超细玻璃纤维棉构成三维网状多孔结构，不同直径的超细玻璃纤维交叉重叠。
5.根据权利要求1所述的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯，其特征在于，所述粘结体系由粘结剂和改性剂按照不同比例混合组成。
6.根据权利要求5所述的粘结体系，其特征在于所述粘结剂为纯丙乳液、硅丙乳液、苯丙乳液、醋丙乳液和改性酚醛树脂中尿素改性酚醛树脂、聚氨酯改性酚醛树脂、三聚氰胺改性酚醛树脂中的一种或几种，质量为占可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯总质量的2～5％。
7.根据权利要求5所述的粘结体系，其特征在于所述改性剂为KH550、KH560、KH792硅烷偶联剂中的一种或几种，质量为可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯的总质量的1～3％。所述改性剂的作用为了提高可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯的抗水性，延长使用寿命。
8.根据权利要求1所述的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯，其特征在于，所述具有可见光响应的纳米级颗粒为纳米氧化锌、氧化石墨烯、纳米氧化钛、还原氧化石墨烯中的一种或几种，直径为1～200nm，含量占可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯的总质量的4～7％。
9.根据权利要求1所述的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯，其特征在于，所述具有可见光响应的纳米级颗粒氧化锌锌源为硝酸锌六水合物、乙酸锌、硫酸锌、碳酸锌其中的一种或几种。
10.根据权利要求1所述的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯，其特征在于，所述具有可见光响应的纳米级颗粒氧化钛钛源为钛酸四丁酯、四氯化钛、钛醇盐其中的一种或几种。
11.根据权利要求8所述的具有可见光响应的纳米级颗粒，其特征在于，所述纳米颗粒和还原氧化石墨烯的制备方法为：微波合成反应法或沉淀法或溶胶凝胶法或水热法。
12.根据权利要求8所述的具有可见光响应的纳米级颗粒，其特征在于，所述纳米颗粒在超细玻璃纤维上紧密均匀分布。
13.根据权利要求8所述的具有可见光响应的纳米级颗粒，其特征在于，所述纳米颗粒通过原位生长引入到可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯。
14.根据权利要求8所述的具有可见光响应的纳米级颗粒，其特征在于，所述纳米颗粒的附着任然保留超细玻璃纤维滤芯的三维多孔结构，同样具有良好的空气过滤性能。
15.根据权利要求1所述的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯，其特征在于所述银纳米线跟纳米颗粒混合分布于超细玻璃纤维表面，与超细玻璃纤维任然保留其三维网状多孔结构，同样具有良好的空气过滤性能。
16.根据权利要求1所述的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯，其特征在于，所述银纳米线直径为15～50nm，含量占可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯的总重量的2～7％。
17.根据权利要求1所述的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯，其特征在于，所述银纳米线通过原位生长引入到可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯。
18.根据权利要求1所述的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯，其特征在于，所述银纳米线制备方法为：模板法或多元醇法或水热法或湿化学法。
19.一种可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)选择两种及以上不同直径的玻璃纤维棉，通过纤维解离器将选取的玻璃纤维棉放入含有光催化纳米颗粒和银纳米线的混合液中搅打和分散成均匀的浆料；
(2)将浆料输送至成型造纸机进行湿法成型，然后将成型的获得纳米颗粒种子层的湿纸浸渍于粘结体系中，再进行烘干处理；
(3)将制得的玻璃纤维滤芯进行浸渍退火处理使得含有具有可见光响应的光催化纳米颗粒和银纳米线的滤芯附着在玻璃纤维滤纸上，通过干燥退火处理制得具有高光催化效能的空气净化玻璃纤维滤纸，然后将制得的玻璃纤维滤芯经过打折机的打折处理，最终制得具有可见光光催化效果的空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯。
20.根据权利要求19所述的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)所述玻璃纤维棉的直径为0.15～3.5μm。
21.根据权利要求19所述的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)所述纤维解离器的打浆转速在5000～12000转/分钟，浆料浓度为5～10wt％，浆料pH值为3.0～5.0。
22.根据权利要求19所述的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)所述烘干处理为在100～115℃的烘板上烘制5±1min。
23.根据权利要求19所述的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(1)中光催化纳米颗粒包括：纳米氧化锌和氧化石墨烯。
24.根据权利要求19所述的具有可见光响应的纳米氧化锌，其特征在于，合成步骤如下：将乙酸锌溶解在去离子水里面，通过加入氨水控制沉淀析出，将沉淀抽滤并烘干；再取适量的沉淀加氨水和水配置为氧化锌前驱体溶液摩尔浓度为0.5～3.0mol/L。
25.根据权利要求19所述的氧化石墨烯，其特征在于，合成步骤如下：将葡萄糖等含有机物溶解于去离子水，温度40～60℃中水浴加热6～8h，再放入聚四氟乙烯反应釜中；将反应釜放入恒温鼓风干燥箱中160～200℃，10～12h，静置沉淀，取上清液。
26.根据权利要求19所述的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(2)中浸渍速度为0.5-5cm/min。
27.根据权利要求19所述的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(3)中退火条件为H2氛围100℃～400℃退火1～4h。
28.根据权利要求25所述的氧化石墨烯，其特征在于，合成步骤中的碳前体可以是淀粉、生物质、竹碳、炭黑、石墨等各种碳前体，通过碳前体水热解产生石墨烯、氧化石墨烯、还原氧化石墨烯、或石墨烯量子点等。
29.根据权利要求19所述的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(1)中，不同直径的超细玻璃纤维棉表面可以很好吸附一定量的石墨烯，氧化石墨烯、还原氧化石墨烯，或石墨烯量子点，并由此相应的增加纳米颗粒的附着位点的同时能够生成更小尺寸的纳米氧化锌，并且纳米颗粒也能更加均匀的分布，减少团聚；相应的纳米氧化锌合成步骤如下：将乙酸锌溶解在去离子水里面，通过加入氨水控制沉淀析出1～10nm的氧化锌，通过浸渍直接生长在石墨烯，氧化石墨烯、还原氧化石墨烯，或石墨烯量子点的表面。
30.根据权利要求19所述的可见光光催化空气净化玻璃纤维滤芯的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(1)中，光催化纳米颗粒可以是石墨烯，氧化石墨烯、还原氧化石墨烯，或石墨烯量子点等表面修饰的光催化纳米颗粒如二氧化钛、氧化锌等，调控其可见光响应以及吸附特性并增加其比表面积。
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