CN111984195A - Method and device for improving stability of embedded Linux system - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiments of the present application disclose a method and device for improving the stability of an embedded Linux system. In the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application, a system detection script is set to perform abnormality detection on the embedded Linux system during operation, and if an abnormality occurs, the abnormal partition is formatted and data is recovered. The operation can greatly reduce the downtime of the embedded Linux system, greatly improve the reliability of the system, and reduce maintenance costs. The solutions of the embodiments of the present application can not only reduce maintenance costs, but also do not increase corresponding hardware costs due to the use of software detection and implementation.

Description

A method and device for improving the stability of an embedded Linux system

technical field

The embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of data storage management of Linux systems, and in particular, to a method and device for improving the stability of an embedded Linux system.

Background technique

At present, Linux-based embedded systems have its presence in many industries, and its storage medium generally chooses to use a flash memory medium such as FLASH. The characteristics of FLASH are different from those of memory. Memory is a volatile storage medium after power failure, while FLASH is a storage medium that can be saved after power failure. In embedded Linux systems, FLASH is usually used to store user data such as databases and logs. , these data need to be frequently refreshed to read and write FLASH.

In many industries, embedded systems require relatively high stability, especially in the industrial field, where embedded devices run in unattended environments and the environment is relatively harsh, which requires embedded systems to run stably without downtime. Case.

FLASH has a lifespan. If used improperly, bad blocks or damages of FLASH will appear, which will cause the downtime of the embedded Linux system running on FLASH. The reasons are: 1. Sudden power failure; 2. User's Data such as databases and logs are frequently read and written.

Based on this problem, the general approach is: 1. Add hardware devices, which can supply power to embedded devices when a power failure occurs suddenly, and notify the software to save data in time and prepare to shut down when a power failure is detected. Increase the cost of embedded devices. 2. Minimize the frequency of reading and writing data such as databases and logs, and avoid excessive erasing and reading of FLASH, which will lead to the downtime of the embedded system. However, doing so will cause the data to not be refreshed in time, which will cause data loss. risk. 3. If there is a downtime, it is necessary to manually intervene at the site of the embedded device, replace the embedded device or re-program the factory firmware of the embedded system to restore normal operation, but this will increase manpower and material resources, maintenance The cost is relatively high.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The embodiments of the present application provide a method and device for improving the stability of an embedded Linux system, which can improve the running stability of the embedded Linux system.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for improving the stability of an embedded Linux system, including:

The system detection script is stored in the root file system partition, and the root file system partition is configured as a read-only mode; the flash memory storage medium includes a root file system partition and a data read-write partition;

Copy the read-write data at the memory storage medium to the data read-write partition through the system detection script every first preset time;

The system detection script is used to detect the data read/write partition of the flash storage medium to determine whether there is abnormal information. If not, continue the detection, and if so, execute the partition repair operation.

Further, after the read-write data at the memory storage medium is copied to the data read-write partition through the system detection script every first preset time, it also includes:

When it is detected that the embedded Linux system is powered on, the corresponding read-write data is copied from the data read-write partition to the memory storage medium through the system detection script.

Further, after the read-write data at the memory storage medium is copied to the data read-write partition through the system detection script every first preset time, it also includes:

When it is detected that the embedded Linux system is shut down, the corresponding read-write data is copied from the memory storage medium to the data read-write partition through the system detection script.

Further, before the system detection script is stored in the root file system partition, the method further includes:

The flash memory storage medium is divided into multiple partitions, and the partitions include a boot loader partition, a Linux kernel partition, a root file system partition, a user file system partition, and a data read/write partition; the boot loader partition is used to store the boot loader, so The kernel partition is used to store the Linux kernel, the user file system partition is used to store corresponding application programs, the root file system is used to store the root file system, and the data read and write partition is used to back up user read and write data.

Further, after dividing the flash memory storage medium into multiple partitions, the method further includes:

Configure the boot loading partition, the Linux kernel partition and the root file system partition as read-only mode;

Configure the user file system partition and data read/write partition to read/write mode.

Further, the system detection script is used to detect the data read/write partition at the flash memory storage medium to determine whether there is abnormal information, including:

The data read/write partition of the flash memory storage medium is detected by the system detection script every second preset time to determine whether there is abnormal information.

Further, the performing a partition repair operation includes:

Format the abnormal partition;

Transfer the read and write data in the memory storage medium to the data read and write partition;

The control system restarts operation.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for improving the stability of an embedded Linux system, including:

Storage module: used to store the system detection script in the root file system partition, and the root file system partition is configured as a read-only mode; the flash memory storage medium includes the root file system partition and the data read-write partition;

Data transfer module: used to copy the read-write data at the memory storage medium to the data read-write partition through the system detection script every first preset time;

Detection module: It is used to detect the data read/write partition at the flash storage medium through the system detection script to determine whether there is abnormal information. If not, continue the detection, and if so, execute the partition repair operation.

Further, after the data transfer module, it also includes:

Boot transfer module: when it is detected that the embedded Linux system is powered on, it is used to copy the corresponding read and write data from the data read and write partition to the memory storage medium through the system detection script.

Further, after the data transfer module, it also includes:

Shutdown transfer module: when it is detected that the embedded Linux system is shut down, it is used to copy the corresponding read and write data from the memory storage medium to the data read and write partition through the system detection script.

In the embodiment of the present application, a system detection script is set to perform abnormality detection on the embedded Linux system during operation. If an abnormality occurs, the abnormal partition is formatted and data is recovered. Through the above operations, the embedded Linux system can be greatly reduced. The downtime of the Linux system greatly improves the reliability of the system, thereby reducing maintenance costs. The solutions of the embodiments of the present application can not only reduce maintenance costs, but also do not increase corresponding hardware costs due to the use of software detection and implementation.

Description of drawings

1 is a flowchart of a method for improving the stability of an embedded Linux system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

2 is a block diagram showing the structure of an embedded Linux system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for improving the stability of an embedded Linux system provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the specific embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, but not to limit the present application. In addition, it should be noted that, for the convenience of description, the drawings only show some but not all of the contents related to the present application. Before discussing the exemplary embodiments in greater detail, it should be mentioned that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although a flowchart depicts various operations (or steps) as a sequential process, many of the operations may be performed in parallel, concurrently, or concurrently. Additionally, the order of operations can be rearranged. The process may be terminated when its operation is complete, but may also have additional steps not included in the figures. The processes may correspond to methods, functions, procedures, subroutines, subroutines, and the like.

FLASH has a lifespan. If used improperly, bad blocks or damages of FLASH will appear, which will cause the downtime of the embedded Linux system running on FLASH. The reasons are: 1. Sudden power failure; 2. User's Data such as databases and logs are frequently read and written. If there is a downtime, it is necessary to manually intervene at the site of the embedded device, replace the embedded device or re-program the factory firmware of the embedded system to restore normal operation, but this will increase manpower and material resources and compare maintenance costs. high. Based on this, in the embodiment of the present application, a system detection script is set to perform abnormality detection on the embedded Linux system during operation. If an abnormality occurs, the abnormal partition is formatted and data is recovered. Through the above operations, it is possible to It greatly reduces the downtime of the embedded Linux system, greatly improves the reliability of the system, and reduces maintenance costs. The solutions of the embodiments of the present application can not only reduce maintenance costs, but also do not increase corresponding hardware costs due to the use of software detection and implementation.

1 shows a flowchart of a method for improving the stability of an embedded Linux system provided by an embodiment of the present application. The method for improving the stability of an embedded Linux system provided in this embodiment The device for improving the stability of the embedded Linux system can be implemented by software, and the device for improving the stability of the embedded Linux system can be composed of two or more physical entities, or can be composed of one physical entity. Generally speaking, the device for improving the stability of the embedded Linux system may be a computer, a mobile phone, a tablet or an embedded device.

The following description takes an embedded device as an example for executing the method for improving the stability of an embedded Linux system. 1, the method for improving the stability of the embedded Linux system specifically includes:

S101: Store the system detection script in a root file system partition, where the root file system partition is configured in a read-only mode; the flash memory storage medium includes a root file system partition and a data read-write partition.

This step is mainly to store the system monitoring script in the root file system partition, and set the root file system RootFS partition to read-only mode to ensure that this partition will not be changed after the factory programming program, and can run the final user file normally. The system AppFS partition and users frequently read and write the AppRW partition. Since the root file system is set to read-only mode, during the operation of the entire system, no information can be written to its corresponding partition, and the programs and corresponding parameters in the root file system partition cannot be changed, ensuring that the entire system is operational stability. In the embodiments of the present application, the flash memory storage medium is also flash, and the memory storage medium is also memory. The memory is mainly used to store data and programs currently in use (ie, in execution), and data will be lost when the memory is powered off. Flash is saved when power off, and memory is volatile when power off. To prevent sudden power failure, it is necessary to copy the memory data to flash regularly.

S102: Copy the read/write data in the memory storage medium to the data read/write partition through the system detection script every first preset time.

One of the possible downtimes in the existing solution is the frequent reading and writing of data such as the user's database and logs. When the data is read and written too frequently, it will have a certain impact on the device, thereby affecting the stability of the entire storage area. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the data is transferred every first preset time, and the frequently read and written data is periodically transferred from the memory to the Flash to save the data.

More preferably, after the read-write data at the memory storage medium is copied to the data read-write partition through the system detection script every first preset time, the method further includes:

When it is detected that the embedded Linux system is powered on, the corresponding read-write data is copied from the data read-write partition to the memory storage medium through the system detection script. When it is detected that the embedded Linux system is shut down, the corresponding read-write data is copied from the memory storage medium to the data read-write partition through the system detection script.

That is, every time the machine is shut down, the detection script will promptly move the frequently read and written data from the memory to the AppRW partition. Every time the machine is powered on, the detection script will promptly transfer frequently read and write data from the AppRW partition to the memory. In this way, the number of times of erasing and reading the Flash can be reduced to the greatest extent, thereby effectively preventing the crash of the embedded Linux system from causing downtime and reducing the risk of data loss. Through the setting of the above data transfer mode, the data integrity can be guaranteed to the maximum extent and the risk of data loss can be reduced while reducing the frequency of frequent data writing.

S103: Detect the data read/write partition in the flash memory storage medium by the system detection script to determine whether there is abnormal information, if not, continue the detection, and if so, perform a partition repair operation.

In addition to the frequent writing of data, which will affect the stability of the Linux system, abnormal conditions may also occur during the operation of the Linux system, resulting in downtime. During the running of the embedded Linux system, the system detection script will regularly detect the abnormal situation of the system. If abnormal information (signs before the downtime) occurs, the detection script will re-erase, format and restore the damaged partition. It ensures that the embedded Linux system will not crash, and greatly improves the reliability of the system. During the whole process, because the detection script is in the read-only RootFS partition, it can run normally, and the above abnormal conditions cannot affect the operation of the detection script.

More preferably, the system detection script is used to detect the data read/write partition at the flash memory storage medium to determine whether there is abnormal information, including:

The data read/write partition of the flash memory storage medium is detected by the system detection script every second preset time to determine whether there is abnormal information.

The abnormal detection of data read and write partitions in Flash is carried out regularly to find out whether there is a possibility of downtime in time, and then data is cleared and restored.

More preferably, the performing a partition repair operation includes:

Format the abnormal partition;

Transfer the read and write data in the memory storage medium to the data read and write partition;

The control system restarts operation.

The abnormal information of the partition can be obtained through the real-time information of the kernel to know whether the partition is normal. If there is an abnormality, the entire partition is formatted and used again according to the corresponding mechanism. In the solution of the embodiment of the present application, after the formatting process is completed, the system is restarted, and the data in the memory is copied to the data read-write partition before restarting, so that after the system is restarted, the program resumes normal operation and the data is not lost.

By using the processing method of the embodiment of the present application, the cost of hardware is not increased, and the difficulty of implementation is general, and the development efficiency is improved. After such processing, the problem of downtime of the embedded Linux system can be easily and effectively prevented, the stability of the system can be ensured, and the maintenance cost can be reduced.

More preferably, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the structure of an embedded Linux system provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2 , before the system detection script is stored in the root file system partition, it also includes:

The flash memory storage medium is divided into multiple partitions, and the partitions include a boot loader partition, a Linux kernel partition, a root file system partition, a user file system partition, and a data read/write partition; the boot loader partition is used to store the boot loader, so The kernel partition is used to store the Linux kernel, the user file system partition is used to store corresponding application programs, the root file system is used to store the root file system, and the data read and write partition is used to back up user read and write data. The Flash is divided into multiple partitions for information storage, and each partition has different functions; and different partitions are set with different read and write modes to ensure the stability of the system by setting different read and write modes.

More preferably, after dividing the flash memory storage medium into multiple partitions, the method further includes:

Configure the boot loading partition, the Linux kernel partition and the root file system partition as read-only mode;

Configure the user file system partition and data read/write partition to read/write mode. The user file system partition and data read/write partition are application layer content, so they can be set to read/write mode to realize data backup of the data in the memory.

Specifically, the boot loader of the boot loader partition in the embodiment of the present application is the first piece of software code that runs after the system is powered on. The boot loader in the PC consists of the BIOS (which is essentially a firmware program) and the OSBootLoader (for example, LILO and GRUB, etc.) located in the hard disk MBR. After the BIOS completes hardware detection and resource allocation, it reads the BootLoader in the MBR of the hard disk into the RAM of the system, and then gives the control right to OSBootLoader. The main operation task of BootLoader is to read the kernel image from the hard disk into RAM, and then jump to the entry point of the kernel to run, that is, start the operating system. In embedded systems, there is usually no firmware program like BIOS (some embedded CPUs also embed a short startup program), so the loading and startup tasks of the entire system are completely completed by BootLoader. For example, in an embedded system based on ARM7TDMIcore, the system usually starts to execute from the address 0x00000000 when it is powered on or reset, and the BootLoader program of the system is usually arranged at this address.

Simply put, BootLoader is a small program that runs before the operating system kernel runs. Through this small program, developers can initialize hardware devices and create a map of the memory space, thereby bringing the hardware and software environment of the system to a suitable state in order to prepare the correct environment for the final invocation of the operating system kernel. The Linux kernel is a customized kernel specific to the embedded board and the boot parameters of the kernel, and the corresponding Linux kernel can be run by setting the perfect boot parameters.

The last job done by the bootloader is to invoke the Linux kernel. In the embodiment of the present application, the Linux kernel is stored in Flash, so it can be directly run on it (Flash here refers to Nand flash, or NorFlash), then it can be directly jumped to the kernel for execution. The root file system is the core part of the Linux system. It can be used as a storage area for files and data in the Linux system. Usually, it also includes system configuration files and libraries required to run application software.

In the embodiment of this application, the bootloader partition is the Bootloader partition, the Linux kernel partition is the LinuxKernel partition, the root file system partition is the root file system RootFS partition, the user file system partition is the user file system AppFS partition, and the data read-write partition is the Read and write AppRW partitions frequently for users.

The specific process of the solution of the embodiment of the present application is as follows: after the embedded Linux system normally starts the system according to the corresponding boot sequence, the user App loads data such as databases and logs that are frequently read and written in real time in the memory; at this time, the detection script will also Regularly copy frequently read and write data from memory to AppRW partition. During the running of the embedded Linux system, the system detection script will regularly detect the abnormal situation of the system. If there is abnormal information (sign before downtime), because the detection script is in the read-only RootFS partition, it can run normally. The script will re-erase, format and restore the damaged partition, which ensures that the embedded Linux system will not crash and greatly improves the reliability of the system. Using this solution processing method will not increase the cost of hardware, and at the same time, the difficulty of realization is general, and the efficiency of development is improved. After such processing, the problem of downtime of the embedded Linux system can be easily and effectively prevented, the stability of the system can be ensured, and the maintenance cost can be reduced.

In the embodiment of the present application, a system detection script is set to perform abnormality detection on the embedded Linux system during operation. If an abnormality occurs, the abnormal partition is formatted and data is recovered. Through the above operations, the embedded Linux system can be greatly reduced. The downtime of the Linux system greatly improves the reliability of the system, thereby reducing maintenance costs. The solutions of the embodiments of the present application can not only reduce maintenance costs, but also do not increase corresponding hardware costs due to the use of software detection and implementation.

On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for improving the stability of an embedded Linux system provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 3, the device for improving the stability of the embedded Linux system provided by this embodiment specifically includes:

Storage module 21: used to store the system detection script in the root file system partition, and the root file system partition is configured as a read-only mode; the flash memory storage medium includes the root file system partition and the data read-write partition;

Data transfer module 22: used to copy the read-write data at the memory storage medium to the data read-write partition through the system detection script every first preset time;

Detection module 23 : used to detect the data read/write partition in the flash storage medium through the system detection script to determine whether there is abnormal information, if not, continue the detection, and if so, execute the partition repair operation.

Further, after the data transfer module, it also includes:

Boot transfer module: when it is detected that the embedded Linux system is powered on, it is used to copy the corresponding read and write data from the data read and write partition to the memory storage medium through the system detection script.

Further, after the data transfer module, it also includes:

Shutdown transfer module: when it is detected that the embedded Linux system is shut down, it is used to copy the corresponding read and write data from the memory storage medium to the data read and write partition through the system detection script.

In the embodiment of the present application, a system detection script is set to perform abnormality detection on the embedded Linux system during operation. If an abnormality occurs, the abnormal partition is formatted and data is recovered. Through the above operations, the embedded Linux system can be greatly reduced. The downtime of the Linux system greatly improves the reliability of the system, thereby reducing maintenance costs. The solutions of the embodiments of the present application can not only reduce maintenance costs, but also do not increase corresponding hardware costs due to the use of software detection and implementation.

The apparatus for improving the stability of the embedded Linux system provided by the embodiments of the present application can be used to execute the method for improving the stability of the embedded Linux system provided by the above embodiments, and has corresponding functions and beneficial effects.

Claims (10)

1. A method for improving the stability of an embedded Linux system is characterized by comprising the following steps:

storing a system detection script in a root file system partition, the root file system partition configured in a read-only mode; the flash memory storage medium comprises a root file system partition and a data read-write partition;

copying read-write data at the memory storage medium to the data read-write subarea through the system detection script every other first preset time;

and detecting the data read-write partition at the flash memory storage medium through the system detection script to judge whether abnormal information exists, if not, continuing to detect, and if so, executing partition repair operation.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein after the copying of the read-write data at the memory storage medium to the data read-write partition by the system detection script every first preset time, further comprises:

when the embedded Linux system is detected to be started, corresponding read-write data are copied to a memory storage medium from the data read-write subarea through the system detection script.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein after the copying of the read-write data at the memory storage medium to the data read-write partition by the system detection script every first preset time, further comprises:

when the embedded Linux system is detected to be shut down, the corresponding read-write data is copied to the data read-write partition from the memory storage medium through the system detection script.

4. The method for improving the stability of an embedded Linux system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein before the storing the system detection script in the root file system partition, the method further comprises:

dividing a flash memory storage medium into a plurality of partitions, wherein the partitions comprise a boot loading partition, a Linux kernel partition, a root file system partition, a user file system partition and a data reading and writing partition; the system comprises a user file system partition, a boot loading partition, a kernel partition, a user file system partition and a data read-write partition, wherein the boot loading partition is used for storing a boot loading program, the kernel partition is used for storing a Linux kernel, the user file system partition is used for storing a corresponding application program, the root file system is used for storing a root file system, and the data read-write partition is used for backing up user read-write data.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein after said dividing the flash storage medium into a plurality of partitions, further comprising:

configuring the boot loading partition, the Linux kernel partition and the root file system partition into a read-only mode;

and configuring the user file system partition and the data read-write partition into a read-write mode.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the detecting the data read-write partition at the flash memory storage medium by the system detection script to determine whether the abnormal information exists comprises:

and detecting the data read-write subarea at the flash memory storage medium by the system detection script every second preset time to judge whether abnormal information exists.

7. The method for improving the stability of an embedded Linux system of claim 4 wherein the performing a partition repair operation comprises:

formatting the abnormal partitions;

transferring read-write data at the memory storage medium to a data read-write partition;

and the control system restarts to operate.

8. An apparatus for improving the stability of an embedded Linux system is characterized by comprising:

a storage module: means for storing a system detection script in a root file system partition, the root file system partition configured in a read-only mode; the flash memory storage medium comprises a root file system partition and a data read-write partition;

a data transfer module: the system detection script is used for copying read-write data at the memory storage medium to the data read-write subarea at intervals of first preset time;

a detection module: the system detection script is used for detecting the data read-write partition at the flash memory storage medium to judge whether abnormal information exists or not, if not, the detection is continued, and if so, the partition repair operation is executed.

9. The apparatus for improving the stability of an embedded Linux system of claim 8 further comprising, after the data transfer module:

a starting transfer module: and when the embedded Linux system is detected to be started, the system detection script is used for copying corresponding read-write data from the data read-write subarea to the memory storage medium.

10. The apparatus for improving the stability of an embedded Linux system of claim 8 further comprising, after the data transfer module:

a shutdown transfer module: and when the embedded Linux system is detected to be shut down, copying corresponding read-write data from the memory storage medium to the data read-write partition through the system detection script.

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