CN111970616A - Loudspeaker module and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electronics, and discloses a loudspeaker module and electronic equipment. The loudspeaker module comprises a shell and a loudspeaker unit; the loudspeaker unit is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell and divides the inner cavity into a front sound cavity and a rear sound cavity which are isolated from each other; a sound outlet hole is formed in the corresponding area of the front sound cavity on the shell and is communicated with the front sound cavity; the shell is provided with a preset number of communicating holes in the corresponding area of the rear sound cavity, and the communicating holes are communicated with the rear sound cavity. According to the embodiment of the invention, when the loudspeaker unit makes a sound, the vibration of the vibrating membrane can push the air in the rear sound cavity to move, so that the air in the rear sound cavity expands and flows out to the external environment of the loudspeaker module through the communication hole of the rear sound cavity, or the air in the external environment enters the rear sound cavity through the communication hole due to contraction, the effect of expanding the rear sound cavity by using the external space is achieved, which is equivalent to increasing the volume of the rear sound cavity, further the Fo value and the SPL value are reduced, and the sound effect is effectively improved.

Description

A speaker module and electronic equipment

technical field

The present invention relates to the field of electronic technology, and in particular, to a speaker module and an electronic device.

Background technique

In recent years, users' subjective experience requirements for sound effects have been continuously improved, and they have gone through a transition process from simple sound - loud sound - good sound effect experience. Since the larger the rear sound cavity of the speaker module, the better the sound effect, so increasing the volume of the rear sound cavity is an effective way to improve the sound effect.

However, with the trend of miniaturization, the overall thickness of electronic devices such as smartphones and tablets is getting thinner and thinner, resulting in less and less available space for speaker modules in electronic devices such as mobile phones and tablets. Therefore, it is difficult to increase the volume of the rear sound cavity in the speaker module within the limited available space.

At present, there are two conventional ways to enlarge the rear cavity:

One is to add atomic adsorption material in the cavity of the speaker module, and the atomic adsorption material is used to absorb oxygen atoms and nitrogen atoms in the air to form negative pressure, so as to achieve the effect of expanding the volume of the sound cavity. However, the atomic adsorption material is expensive, requires special canning equipment, and has a complicated loading process.

The other is to stick sound-absorbing cotton in the rear sound cavity, but this method can increase the volume of the rear sound cavity is limited, and the loudness of part of the sound will be sacrificed, making the sound effect worse.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a loudspeaker module and an electronic device to overcome the defects of the prior art, such as high cost, complicated process and small sound effect enhancement.

For this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A speaker module, comprising: a shell and a speaker unit;

The speaker unit is arranged in the inner cavity of the casing, and the inner cavity is divided into a front sound cavity and a rear sound cavity which are isolated from each other; on the casing, in the corresponding area of the front sound cavity, A sound outlet is provided, and the sound outlet communicates with the front sound cavity; on the casing, in the corresponding area of the rear sound cavity, a preset number of communication holes arranged in a preset manner are opened, The communication hole communicates with the rear sound cavity.

Optionally, on the casing, a porous damping net is provided in the opening area of the communication hole, and the diameter of the through holes of the porous damping net is smaller than the diameter of the communication hole.

Optionally, the porous damping net is attached to the outer wall of the housing.

Optionally, the communication holes on the housing are arranged in a rectangular array.

Optionally, the number of the communication holes is 20-150.

Optionally, the number of the communication holes is 56, the diameter of the communication holes is 0.5 mm, and the mesh number of the through holes of the porous damping net is 2000.

Optionally, the casing includes an upper casing and a lower casing assembled and connected to form the inner cavity; a stepped groove is provided in the lower casing, and the speaker unit is installed on the stepped surface of the stepped groove, so The sound exit surface of the speaker unit faces the stepped groove, so that the sound exit surface of the speaker and the stepped groove form the sealed front sound cavity.

Optionally, the sound outlet hole is opened on the side wall or the bottom wall of the stepped groove.

Optionally, the speaker module further includes a flexible circuit board disposed in the inner cavity; one end of the flexible circuit board is electrically connected to the speaker unit, and the other end extends out of the inner cavity and is electrically connected to a power source.

An electronic device includes any one of the speaker modules described above.

Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

The embodiment of the present invention has a special design for the rear sound cavity: a plurality of communication holes are opened on the shell in the area corresponding to the rear sound cavity, so that the rear sound cavity is communicated with the external environment of the speaker module. When the speaker unit emits sound, the vibration of the diaphragm of the speaker unit will push the air in the rear sound cavity to move, so that the air in the rear sound cavity will expand and flow out from the communication hole of the rear sound cavity to the external environment of the speaker module. , or it shrinks so that the air in the external environment enters the rear sound cavity through the communication hole, so this special design achieves the effect of using the external space to expand the rear sound cavity, which is equivalent to increasing the volume of the rear sound cavity, and then It can reduce the Fo value and increase the SPL value, which effectively improves the sound effect.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

1 is an assembly perspective view of a speaker module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is an exploded view of a speaker module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a cross-sectional view of a speaker module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a comparison diagram of SPL loudness curves provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a comparison diagram of Fo curves provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Illustration description: shell 10, speaker unit 20, porous damping net 30, flexible circuit board 40, front sound cavity 11, rear sound cavity 12, sound outlet 13, communication hole 14, upper shell 15, lower shell 16, steps Slot 17.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the following The described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is an assembled perspective view of a speaker module according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the speaker module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the speaker module according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , the speaker module provided by the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes: a casing 10 and a speaker unit 20 .

The speaker unit 20 is arranged in the inner cavity of the casing 10, and the inner cavity is divided into a front sound cavity 11 and a rear sound cavity 12 which are isolated from each other. The casing 10 is provided with a sound outlet 13 in a corresponding area of the front sound cavity 11 , and the sound outlet 13 communicates with the front sound cavity 11 . The casing 10 is provided with a preset number of communication holes 14 arranged in a preset manner in a corresponding area of the rear sound cavity 12 , and the communication holes 14 communicate with the rear sound cavity 12 .

It should be noted that there are many types of speaker units 20, but their basic working principles are similar, and they are all components that convert electrical signals into sound signals for playback. At present, the most widely used is the electric speaker, which is composed of a vibrating membrane, a voice coil, a permanent magnet, a bracket, etc. Its working principle is: when the voice coil of the speaker unit 20 is fed with an audio current, the voice coil is under the action of the current. The alternating magnetic field is generated, and the permanent magnet also generates a constant magnetic field with the same magnitude and direction. Since the size and direction of the magnetic field generated by the voice coil are constantly changing with the change of the audio current, the interaction of the two magnetic fields makes the voice coil move perpendicular to the direction of the current in the voice coil. The vibrating membrane is driven to vibrate, and the vibration of the vibrating membrane causes the vibration of the air to produce sound.

The key parameters of the speaker frequency response curve include the SPL (sensitivity) value and the Fo (bass resonance frequency) value. Among them, SPL: refers to the electric power input to the speaker unit of 201W, the sound pressure level measured at a distance of 1 meter away from the axis of the speaker, which is essentially a manifestation of conversion efficiency. Fo reflects the low-frequency characteristics of the speaker and is the second most important indicator of the frequency response curve.

The sound cavity mainly includes a front sound cavity 11 and a rear sound cavity 12 which are isolated from each other. The front sound cavity 11 mainly affects the high-frequency part of the sound, and has little effect on the low frequency of the sound; as the volume of the front sound cavity 11 increases, the high-frequency resonance point will become lower and lower, which needs to be considered when designing the front sound cavity 11. As for the area of the sound outlet 13, in general, the larger the front sound cavity 11 is, the larger the area of the sound outlet should be. The rear sound cavity 12 mainly affects the low-frequency part of the sound, and has little effect on the high-frequency part; for example, for a ringtone, the low-frequency part of the ringtone has a great influence on the sound quality, and the more prominent the bass, the more pleasant the ringtone is subjectively.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a special design is made for the rear sound cavity 12: a plurality of communication holes 14 are opened in the area corresponding to the rear sound cavity 12 on the housing 10, so that the rear sound cavity 12 is communicated with the external environment of the speaker module. When the speaker unit 20 emits sound, the vibration of the diaphragm of the speaker unit 20 will push the air in the rear sound cavity 12 to move, so that the air in the rear sound cavity 12 will expand and flow out from the communication hole 14 of the rear sound cavity 12 to the In the external environment of the speaker module, or shrinkage occurs, the air in the external environment enters the rear sound cavity 12 through the communication hole 14. Therefore, the special design achieves the effect of using the external space to expand the rear sound cavity 12, which is equivalent to increasing the volume of the rear sound cavity 12. The volume of the rear sound cavity 12 is enlarged, thereby reducing the Fo value and increasing the SPL value, effectively improving the sound effect.

Different from the method of opening an opening with a larger diameter, the present embodiment adopts a method of opening a plurality of communication holes 14 with a smaller diameter, which can effectively avoid the mixing of noise.

At the same time, due to the limited machining accuracy of the communication hole 14 on the casing 10, the machining accuracy can generally only reach a diameter of 0.5 mm according to the current machining level. In theory, the smaller the diameter of the communication hole 14, the better the sound effect. Therefore, in order to further improve the sound effect In the embodiment of the present invention, a porous damping net 30 is further provided in the opening area of the communicating hole 14 , and the pore diameter of the through hole of the porous damping net 30 is smaller than that of the communicating hole 14 .

Specifically, the porous damping net 30 is die-cut from a mesh cloth with high acoustic resistance and double-sided adhesive tape, and the number of through holes on the porous damping net 30 can be selected according to actual sound effects requirements.

Exemplarily, the number of the communication holes 14 is 20-150, which are arranged in a designated area on the casing 10 in a rectangular array. With different design of the number of communication holes 14 , rear sound chambers 12 of different volumes can be realized, thereby obtaining different sound effects. In practical applications, it can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs.

Preferably, the number of the communication holes 14 is 56, the diameter of each communication hole 14 is 0.5 mm, and the mesh number of the through holes of the porous damping net 30 is 2000. In order to reflect the technical effect of the present embodiment, the speaker module of this design will be adopted below, and a comparison test is carried out with the conventional speaker module, and the comparison results are as follows:

Please refer to the SPL loudness curve comparison diagram shown in FIG. 4 , wherein the SPL loudness curve A is the objective test value of the conventional loudspeaker module, and the SPL loudness curve B is the objective test of the loudspeaker module after the enlarged sound cavity 12 of the present embodiment value; from the test results, the SPL value of the speaker module of this embodiment has been significantly improved;

Please refer to the Fo curve comparison diagram shown in FIG. 5, wherein the impedance curve C is the objective test value of the conventional speaker module, and the impedance curve D is the objective test value of the speaker module after the enlarged sound cavity 12 of the present embodiment; From the test results, the Fo value of the speaker module of this embodiment is significantly reduced.

For the convenience of processing, the housing 10 may specifically include an upper shell 15 and a lower shell 16 which are assembled and connected to form an inner cavity. The lower shell 16 is provided with a stepped groove 17, the speaker unit 20 is installed on the stepped surface of the stepped groove 17, and the sound exit surface of the speaker unit 20 faces the stepped groove 17, so that the sound exit surface of the speaker and the stepped groove 17 form a seal The front sound chamber 11. The sound outlet hole 13 is opened on the side wall of the stepped groove 17 to form a side sound output mode; in other embodiments, the sound outlet hole 13 can also be opened on the bottom wall of the stepped groove 17 to form a positive sound output method.

In addition, the sound cavity module further includes a flexible circuit board 40 arranged in the inner cavity; one end of the flexible circuit board 40 is electrically connected to the speaker unit 20 , and the other end extends out of the inner cavity and is electrically connected to the power supply.

It can be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the communication hole 14 may be specifically opened on the upper shell 15 and/or the lower shell 16 . Correspondingly, the porous damping net 30 is attached to the outer walls of the corresponding upper case 15/lower case 16 to reduce the difficulty of operation.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the assembly method of the speaker module in this embodiment is as follows: first, the speaker unit 20 is installed in the corresponding position of the lower shell 16 , and then glue is dispensed and sealed; Perform hot-pressure welding, so that the flexible circuit board 40 and the pads of the speaker unit 20 are welded together; then cover the upper shell 15, and perform ultrasonic welding; finally, the porous damping mesh 30 is attached to the outer surface of the shell 10. The hole 14 corresponds to position to complete the assembly process.

Compared with the conventional assembly method, the assembly method of this embodiment only adds a step of attaching the porous damping mesh 30 at the end. Therefore, the present embodiment also has the advantages of convenient assembly and low cost.

Based on this, this embodiment also provides an electronic device, including the speaker module as described above. Specifically, the electronic device in this embodiment may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA), a point of sale (Point of Sales, POS), a vehicle-mounted computer, and the like.

It can be understood that, in addition to the speaker module, the electronic device in this embodiment may also include other components and structures, which are not specifically limited.

Due to the use of the above-mentioned speaker module, the electronic device of this embodiment can make the rear sound cavity 12 communicate with the internal space of the electronic device through the communication hole 14 on the casing 10 , so that the internal space of the entire machine can be used as the rear sound cavity 12 The expansion part of the module greatly increases the volume of the rear sound cavity 12, and finally makes the module's Fo lower and SPL louder higher, which greatly improves the sound effect.

As mentioned above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand: The technical solutions described in the embodiments are modified, or some technical features thereof are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A speaker module, comprising: a housing and a speaker unit;

the loudspeaker unit (20) is arranged in an inner cavity of the shell (10) and divides the inner cavity into a front sound cavity (11) and a rear sound cavity (12) which are isolated from each other; a sound outlet hole (13) is formed in the corresponding area of the front sound cavity (11) on the shell (10), and the sound outlet hole (13) is communicated with the front sound cavity (11); the shell (10) is provided with a preset number of communicating holes (14) which are distributed according to a preset mode in a corresponding area of the rear sound cavity (12), and the communicating holes (14) are communicated with the rear sound cavity (12).

2. The speaker module as claimed in claim 1, wherein a porous damping mesh (30) is disposed on the housing (10) in the opening region of the communication hole (14), and the aperture of the through hole of the porous damping mesh (30) is smaller than the aperture of the communication hole (14).

3. A loudspeaker module according to claim 2, wherein the porous damping mesh (30) is attached to an outer wall of the housing (10).

4. A loudspeaker module according to claim 2, wherein the communication holes (14) in the housing (10) are arranged in a rectangular array.

5. A loudspeaker module according to claim 1, wherein the number of communication holes (14) is 20-150.

6. A loudspeaker module according to claim 5, wherein the number of the communication holes (14) is 56, the diameter of the communication holes (14) is 0.5mm, and the mesh number of the through holes of the porous damping mesh (30) is 2000.

7. A loudspeaker module according to claim 1, wherein the housing (10) comprises an upper shell (15) and a lower shell (16) which are fittingly connected to form the internal cavity; a step groove (17) is formed in the lower shell (16), the loudspeaker unit (20) is installed on the step surface of the step groove (17), and the sound outlet surface of the loudspeaker unit (20) faces the step groove (17), so that the sound outlet surface of the loudspeaker and the step groove (17) form a sealed front sound cavity (11).

8. The speaker module as claimed in claim 6, wherein the sound outlet hole (13) is opened in a side wall or a bottom wall of the stepped groove (17).

9. The speaker module as recited in claim 1, further comprising a flexible circuit board (40) disposed within the interior cavity; one end of the flexible circuit board (40) is electrically connected with the loudspeaker unit (20), and the other end of the flexible circuit board extends out of the inner cavity and is electrically connected with a power supply.

10. An electronic device comprising a speaker module according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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