CN111957127A - Skid-mounted purification equipment and method for organic solid waste gasification-incineration flue gas - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a skid-mounted purification equipment and method for organic solid waste gasification-incineration flue gas, and relates to the technical field of flue gas dust removal and purification. The skid-mounted integrated equipment centralizes the processing units for flue gas purification in the container in a modular form, including a high temperature resistant filter module, an activated carbon adsorption module, a two-stage spray module, and a tail gas emission module. After the organic solid waste gasification flue gas enters the purification equipment from the air inlet, it sequentially passes through the high temperature filter module, the activated carbon adsorption module and the two-stage spray device for dust removal and purification of the flue gas, and finally is discharged from the chimney air duct. The advantages of the invention are that the skid-mounted treatment equipment is flexible and maneuverable, and is suitable for the distributed or dispersed in-situ pyrolysis gasification treatment of organic solid waste or the flue gas purification of emergency treatment; each treatment unit is assembled in a container in a modular form, which is convenient for Installation, maintenance, overhaul and replacement of consumables; skid-mounted equipment also has the advantages of low investment cost, low operation and maintenance cost, and simple operation.

Description

A skid-mounted purification equipment and method for organic solid waste gasification-incineration flue gas

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of dust removal and purification of flue gas, and particularly relates to a skid-mounted purification equipment and method for organic solid waste gasification-incineration flue gas.

Background technique

With the rapid development of China's economy and society, my country's organic solid waste production has gradually increased. The gasification-incineration technology of organic solid waste is a new heat treatment technology, which can realize the reduction, recycling and harmless treatment of organic solid waste. Gasification-incineration technology refers to the process of drying, pyrolysis, redox and other processes of pretreated organic solid waste in a pyrolysis gasifier, and the generated syngas or combustible gas is passed into the combustion chamber for combustion, and the generated heat Combine heat and power with waste heat boilers or internal combustion engines. Compared with the traditional incineration technology, the traditional incineration technology is easy to cause secondary pollution problems represented by dioxins due to insufficient reaction, while the organic solid waste gasification-incineration technology can control the reaction conditions such as oxygen depletion or oxygen deficiency. In principle, it can reduce the production of pollutants such as dioxin, and at the same time, it has the advantages of low flue gas emission and high energy utilization rate.

The composition of flue gas generated during the thermal chemical treatment of organic solid waste is very complex, including secondary pollutants such as dust particles, acid gases, heavy metals and organic pollutants. Therefore, when using gasification-incineration technology to treat organic solid waste, it must be treated by flue gas dust removal and purification to make it meet the emission standard and avoid secondary pollution. Different from the flue gas of direct incineration, the content of pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the gasification-incineration flue gas is relatively low. It is oxidized and remains in the solid ash, and does not enter the secondary combustion chamber with the volatile matter.

Most of the existing flue gas dust removal and purification equipment are for traditional incineration technology, and there are few treatment equipment and methods for organic solidification waste gas treatment technology, and the existing technologies and equipment have low flue gas treatment efficiency and incomplete purification effect. The problem. In addition, most of the existing treatment equipment is fixed, which is complicated to install and inconvenient to move, and is not suitable for emergency treatment or on-site treatment facilities that need to be moved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a skid-mounted purification equipment and method for organic solid waste gasification-incineration flue gas, which can be flexibly applied to domestic waste, medical waste, organic hazardous waste, industrial organic solid waste Flue gas/waste gas treatment of waste and other pyrolysis gasification emergency treatment facilities to solve the environmental protection problems of emergency treatment or on-site treatment facilities.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A skid-mounted purification equipment for organic solid waste gasification-incineration flue gas, the processing units for flue gas purification are centralized in a container in a modular form, and along the flow direction of organic solid waste gasification flue gas, the processing unit includes:

High temperature resistant filter module, composed of plate filter;

The activated carbon adsorption module is composed of an air inlet section, a carbon fiber filter section and an air outlet section, wherein the carbon fiber filter section is composed of several activated carbon fiber filter cartridges;

Two-stage spray module, including a series-connected first-stage spray-washing tower and two-stage spray-washing tower;

The exhaust emission module is composed of a FRP centrifugal fan, a removable chimney air duct and a spare replaceable air duct.

The plate filter is a plate filter with a filter material skeleton laid on the surface of the alumina extruded profile. The filter material is made of polyester synthetic fibers. The air inlet surface is fluffy and the air outlet surface is tight. The flow direction of the flue gas is vertical, and its edge can be installed on the inner wall of the container through bolts and screws.

The thickness of the filter layer of the activated carbon fiber filter cartridge is 50-100 mm, the axial direction of the activated carbon fiber filter cartridge is perpendicular to the flow direction of the organic solid waste gasification flue gas, and each activated carbon fiber filter cartridge is distributed in an array.

The air inlet section of the activated carbon adsorption module is located in the middle and lower part of the container in the vertical direction, and the air outlet section is located below the air inlet section in the vertical direction.

The structure of the first-level spray washing tower and the second-level spray washing tower is the same, the main body is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, the surface of the tower body is made of imported anti-ultraviolet gel coat, the nozzle is a low-pressure large-flow fine mist spiral nozzle, and the nozzle is made of PVC pipe. The filler is made of pure PP Terrary barbed wreath.

The flue gas inlet of the first-stage spray washing tower is located in the middle and upper part of the container in the vertical direction, and the flue gas outlet is located in the middle and upper part of the container in the vertical direction. The vertical direction is located in the middle and lower part of the container, and the flue gas outlet is located in the middle and upper part of the container in the vertical direction.

The casing of the FRP centrifugal fan is a volute type structure made of high-strength, acid and alkali resistant fiber reinforced composite material (FRP) material; the air inlet is an integral convergent type made of FRP, and is fixed on the casing side with bolts; the impeller Carbon steel is used as the skeleton, and the outer surface is protected by acid and alkali-resistant fiber reinforced composite material (FRP). Fiber reinforced composite material (FRP) material, the outer surface is protected by imported anti-ultraviolet gel coat.

The container of the present invention adopts a 40-foot container, and the inner diameter dimension is: length 12032mm×width 2352mm×height 2393mm.

The present invention also provides a purification method based on the organic solid waste gasification-incineration flue gas skid-mounted purification equipment. After high-efficiency filtration, activated carbon fiber adsorption, and two-stage acid mist washing, the centrifugal fan is extracted to the air duct and chimney for discharge up to the standard.

The temperature of the organic solid waste gasification flue gas is controlled between 150°C and 200°C before entering the container. If the temperature is higher than 200°C, air cooling is performed first, and the temperature is lowered by supplying fresh air. The high-temperature primary filter is effectively treated, and then enters into activated carbon fiber for adsorption to remove heavy metals in the flue gas. It is washed by two-stage spraying acid mist to absorb sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen chloride and other gases, and finally purified. The flue gas is discharged through the chimney up to the standard.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are mainly reflected in: the skid-mounted flue gas purification and treatment equipment has strong mobility, and can be flexibly applied to small-scale dispersed organic solid waste (including domestic waste, organic waste, etc.). Hazardous waste, medical waste, industrial organic solid waste, etc.) treatment facilities or emergency treatment facilities to ensure that the exhaust gas is discharged up to the standard; each treatment component is integrated in the container in a modular form to facilitate the addition of drugs, the replacement of consumables, and the maintenance or replacement of equipment; Compared with the traditional complete set of flue gas treatment equipment for organic solidification waste gas treatment or incineration, the skid-mounted equipment also has the advantages of small footprint, convenient operation, low operation and maintenance cost, high efficiency and energy saving.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the skid-mounted purification equipment for organic solid waste gasification-incineration flue gas provided by the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the skid-mounted purification equipment for organic solid waste gasification-incineration flue gas provided by the present invention.

The relevant marks in the above drawings are: 1 air inlet, 2 air supply port, 3 high temperature resistant filter module, 4 activated carbon adsorption module, 5 spray device, 6 circulating pump, 7 spray water tank, 8 dosing box, 9 electricity Control system, 10 detachable chimney ducts, 11 fans, 12 spare chimney ducts.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

A skid-mounted purification equipment for organic solid waste gasification-incineration flue gas, the processing units for flue gas purification are centralized in a container in a modular form, along the flow direction of organic solid waste gasification flue gas, wherein the processing unit includes:

The high temperature resistant filter module is composed of a plate filter with a filter material skeleton covered inside the aluminum oxide extruded profile on the surface. The filter material is made of high-quality polyester synthetic fiber. The air inlet surface is fluffy and the air outlet surface is tight. While ensuring the efficiency, it provides a large dust holding capacity, a reasonable filter element pleat design, and increases the effective filtration area. After a period of use, the filter can be removed and cleaned with an air gun, which can be reused. The plate filter is perpendicular to the flow direction of the organic solidified waste gas, and its edge can be installed on the inner wall of the container through bolts and screws.

The activated carbon adsorption module is composed of an air inlet section, a carbon fiber filter section and an air outlet section. The air inlet section is located in the middle and lower part of the container in the vertical direction, and the air outlet section is located vertically below the air inlet section. The carbon fiber filter section is composed of several activated carbon fiber filter cartridges, and the thickness of the filter layer is 50-100mm. The adsorption performance of activated carbon fiber is better than that of activated carbon. It has a highly developed microporous structure, fast adsorption speed, good purification effect, and also has the Corrosion resistance of carbon-alkali. Organic solid waste gasification-incineration flue gas enters the box from the air inlet section and is adsorbed and purified by the filter cartridge, and then passes into the next module from the air outlet section. The axial direction of the activated carbon fiber filter cartridge is perpendicular to the flow direction of the organic solid waste gasification flue gas, and each activated carbon fiber filter cartridge is distributed in an array.

The two-stage spraying module includes a series-connected first-stage spraying and washing tower and a second-stage spraying and washing tower. The structure of the first-level spray washing tower and the second-level spray washing tower is the same, the main body is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, and the surface of the tower body is made of imported anti-ultraviolet gel coat; The pipe is made of high-quality PVC pipe to ensure better gas-liquid contact and spray effect; the packing of the washing tower is made of pure PP Terrary barbed garland, which has a large specific surface area and can fully solve the problem of gas-liquid exchange. Features such as flexibility. The flue gas inlet of the first-stage spraying and washing tower is located in the middle and upper part of the container in the vertical direction, and the flue gas outlet is located in the middle and upper part of the container in the vertical direction. It is located in the middle and lower part of the container in the vertical direction, and the flue gas outlet is located in the middle and upper part of the container in the vertical direction.

The exhaust emission module is composed of a FRP centrifugal fan, a removable chimney air duct and a spare replaceable air duct. The casing of the FRP centrifugal fan is a volute type structure made of high-strength, acid and alkali resistant fiber reinforced composite material (FRP). ; The impeller adopts carbon steel as the skeleton, and the outer surface is protected by FRP material; the motor and pulley are equipped with protective cover. The detachable chimney air duct and the spare replaceable air duct are made of FRP material, and the outer surface is protected by imported anti-ultraviolet gel coat.

The core components involved in the above skid-mounted flue gas purification equipment are placed in a modular form in the order of filtration, adsorption, spraying, and discharge (height), external dimensions: 12192mm (length) × 2438mm (width) × 2438mm (height)). Containers of this size conform to my country's current national standard "External Dimensions and Rated Mass of Containers" (GB 1413-2008), and can be directly transported by trucks. Compared with fixed flue gas purification equipment, skid-mounted equipment can be flexibly used for flue gas purification in emergency treatment facilities or on-site treatment facilities through transportation, so that the exhaust gas can be discharged up to the standard.

In the purification method of the present invention, the organic solidified waste gas (gasifier tail gas/flue gas) passes through the processing unit in the container under the action of the induced draft fan, and sequentially performs high temperature resistant primary filtration, activated carbon fiber adsorption, and two-stage acid spraying After the mist is washed, it is extracted by the centrifugal fan to the air duct and chimney for discharge up to the standard.

The specific process is as follows: before the flue gas enters the skid-mounted flue gas purification device, the temperature needs to be controlled between 150°C and 200°C, and the gas is introduced into the treatment and purification facility through the air duct under the action of the induced draft fan. If the gas temperature is still higher than 200°C, air cooling is required first, and the flue gas temperature is reduced by supplying fresh air. The particulate matter in the flue gas is effectively treated after the high temperature resistant primary filter section, and then enters the activated carbon fiber for adsorption to remove heavy metals in the flue gas. Hydrogen chloride and other gases, and finally the purified flue gas is discharged through the chimney up to the standard.

The present invention further provides a specific embodiment as follows:

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, an air inlet 1 is set at the middle position on the left side of the container for the introduction of flue gas or exhaust gas, and a supplementary air outlet 2 is reserved at the lower position of the air inlet, in order to make up for the fresh air to the temperature too high. The flue gas is air-cooled. After the flue gas enters the purification equipment, it is filtered through the high temperature resistant filter module 3 to remove the particulate matter in the flue gas. Heavy metals and odors in flue gas.

The treated flue gas is discharged from the air duct below the right side of the activated carbon adsorption module 4 and enters the two-stage spray washing tower; there is no difference in the structure of the first-stage spray washing tower and the second-stage spray washing tower, and both are mainly composed of the spray device. 5. The circulating pump 6, the spray water tank 7 and the dosing tank 8 are composed; the flue gas enters the primary spray section through the upper left side of the primary spray washing tower and is discharged from the upper right side. The gas enters the secondary spray section through the lower part of the secondary spray washing tower after full gas-liquid contact, and is drawn out from the upper air duct on the right side of the secondary spray washing tower. stage is absorbed.

The flue gas after being filtered, adsorbed and sprayed is introduced into the detachable chimney air duct 10 under the action of the chimney fan 11 for high-altitude discharge. The design height of the detachable chimney air duct 10 is 20m, and it can be disassembled in sections and placed at the spare chimney air duct 12 during transportation or when the equipment is not working. Detection points are reserved in the detachable chimney air duct 10 and the spare chimney air duct 12 for detecting and analyzing whether the emission of nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter in the exhaust gas is lower than the emission limit.

The electronic control system 9 is located between the dosing box 8 and the detachable chimney air duct 10, and is used to control the circulating pump 6 of the spray washing tower, the dosing box 8 and the fan 11 of the chimney, as well as supporting lighting and fire-fighting facilities.

Corresponding to the flue gas purification equipment, the organic solidified waste gasification-incineration flue gas skid-mounted purification method provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

1) Primary filtration of flue gas;

2) Activated carbon adsorption of flue gas;

3) Two-stage spray washing of flue gas.

Specifically, combined with the flue gas purification equipment, the organic solid waste gasification-incineration flue gas skid-mounted purification method is specifically implemented as follows: the gasification-incineration flue gas enters the purification equipment through the air inlet 1, and if the flue gas temperature is too high, then Open the air supply port 2 for fresh air supply to reduce the gas temperature to below 200 °C; the flue gas passes through the high temperature filter module 3, the activated carbon adsorption module 4 and the spray device 5 in turn through the air duct arranged in the container to purify the flue gas to remove the smoke Dust particles, acid gases, heavy metals and organic pollutants in the gas; the final purified flue gas is discharged through the detachable chimney air duct 10 at high altitude.

The equipment and method provided by the present invention can be applied to the purification of flue gas after a variety of organic solid waste gasification-incineration treatment, including domestic waste, medical waste, organic hazardous waste, industrial organic solid waste and the like. The advantage is that the skid-mounted treatment equipment is flexible and maneuverable, and is suitable for the distributed or dispersed in-situ pyrolysis gasification treatment of organic solid waste or the flue gas purification of emergency treatment; each treatment unit is assembled in a modular form in a container, which is easy to install, Maintenance, overhaul and replacement of consumables; skid-mounted equipment also has the advantages of low investment cost, low operation and maintenance cost, and simple operation.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an organic solid useless gasification-incineration flue gas sled dress formula purification is equipped which characterized in that, the processing unit of gas cleaning concentrates on the container in the form of modularization in, along the flow direction of organic solid useless gasification flue gas, processing unit includes:

the high-temperature resistant filtering module consists of a plate type filter;

the active carbon adsorption module consists of an air inlet section, a carbon fiber filtering section and an air outlet section, wherein the carbon fiber filtering section consists of a plurality of active carbon fiber filtering cylinders;

the two-stage spraying module comprises a first-stage spraying washing tower and a second-stage spraying washing tower which are connected in series;

the tail gas emission module consists of a glass fiber reinforced plastic centrifugal fan, a detachable chimney air pipe and a standby replaceable air pipe.

2. The skid-mounted purification equipment for organic solid waste gasification-incineration flue gas as recited in claim 1, wherein the plate filter is a plate filter with a surface alumina extruded section bar and a filter material framework laid inside, the filter material is made of polyester synthetic fiber, an air inlet surface of the plate filter is fluffy, an air outlet surface of the plate filter is compact, and the plate filter is perpendicular to the flow direction of the organic solid waste gasification flue gas.

3. The skid-mounted purification equipment for the organic solid waste gasification-incineration flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the filter layer of the activated carbon fiber filter cartridge is 50-100 mm, the axial direction of the activated carbon fiber filter cartridge is perpendicular to the flow direction of the organic solid waste gasification flue gas, and the activated carbon fiber filter cartridges are distributed in an array manner.

4. The organic solid waste gasification-incineration flue gas skid-mounted purification equipment as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein the air inlet section of the activated carbon adsorption module is located at the middle lower part of the container in the vertical direction, and the air outlet section is located below the air inlet section in the vertical direction.

5. The skid-mounted purification equipment for gasification-incineration flue gas of organic solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the first-stage spray washing tower and the second-stage spray washing tower have the same structure, the main body is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, the surface of the tower body is made of an inlet anti-ultraviolet gel coat, the nozzles are low-pressure large-flow fine mist spiral nozzles, the spray pipes are made of PVC pipes, and the filler is made of pure PP terai with barbed wreath.

6. The organic solid waste gasification-incineration flue gas skid-mounted purification equipment as claimed in claim 1 or 5, wherein the flue gas inlet of the primary spray washing tower is located at the middle upper part of the container in the vertical direction, the flue gas outlet of the primary spray washing tower is located at the middle upper part of the container in the vertical direction, the flue gas inlet of the secondary spray washing tower is located at the middle lower part of the container in the vertical direction, and the flue gas outlet of the secondary spray washing tower is located at the middle upper part of the container in the vertical direction.

7. The skid-mounted purification equipment for organic solid waste gasification-incineration flue gas as recited in claim 1, wherein the casing of the glass fiber reinforced plastic centrifugal fan is of a volute structure made of high-strength, acid and alkali resistant Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) material; the air inlet is of an integral convergent type made of glass fiber reinforced plastics and is fixed on the side of the machine shell by bolts; the impeller adopts carbon steel as a framework, and the outer surface of the impeller is compositely protected by an acid-base-resistant Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) material; the motor and the belt pulley are provided with the protective covers, the detachable chimney air pipe and the standby replaceable air pipe are made of acid and alkali resistant Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) materials, and the outer surface of the detachable chimney air pipe is protected by an imported ultraviolet resistant gel coat.

8. The skid-mounted purification equipment for organic solid waste gasification-incineration flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the container is a 40-foot container, and the inside diameter size is as follows: length × width × height 12032mm × 2352mm × 2393 mm.

9. The purification method of the skid-mounted purification equipment for the gasification-incineration flue gas of organic solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the gasification flue gas of organic solid waste passes through a treatment unit in the container under the action of a draught fan, and after high temperature resistant primary filtration, activated carbon fiber adsorption and two-stage spraying acid mist washing are sequentially carried out, the gasification flue gas of organic solid waste is pumped out by a centrifugal fan to an air pipe chimney to reach the standard and be discharged.

10. The purification method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the organic solid waste gasification flue gas is controlled to be 150-200 ℃ before entering the container, if the temperature is higher than 200 ℃, air cooling is performed firstly, fresh air is supplied to reduce the temperature, particulate matters in the flue gas are effectively treated after high temperature resistant primary filtration, then the flue gas enters activated carbon fibers for adsorption, heavy metals in the flue gas are removed, two-stage spraying acid mist washing is performed to absorb gases such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen chloride, and finally the purified flue gas is discharged through a chimney after reaching standards.

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