CN111919578A - a peanut harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a peanut harvester, which includes a separation mechanism, a collection box, a soil removal mechanism and a vehicle body. The separation mechanism is provided with a soil cleaning roller and a separation roller, and the soil removal mechanism includes a pair of frames. The two frames are adjacent to each other. A conveying channel is formed between the side edges, a chain is arranged around the peripheral side of the frame, and the chain is provided with convex teeth. The peanuts are pulled out from the field through the meshing of the chain, and conveyed along the conveying road, passing through the soil cleaning roller and the separation roller in turn, so that the peanuts remove most of the soil on the soil cleaning roller, and then the peanuts are removed by the separation roller. They are knocked down into the collection box, and the remaining peanut plants are dropped back into the field through the end of the conveying channel. This is repeated to achieve the purpose of mechanized digging, soil shaking, and fruit picking. The structural design and use of the chain, the harvester can be designed to be more compact and small, and supplemented by the carrying of the car body, which is easy to move, can cope with the mechanized operation of mountainous farmland, and improve the efficiency of harvesting.

Description

a peanut harvester

technical field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural auxiliary equipment, in particular to a peanut harvester.

Background technique

From a global perspective, peanut harvesters in developed countries are developing in the direction of large-scale, mechatronics, intelligent, more reliable and safer in accordance with their own planting characteristics. Developed countries are divided into two parts to collect peanuts. First, the peanuts are excavated, removed, and then turned over to be laid in the fields with an excavator harvester, and then dried for a period of time before the next process is carried out with a peanut picker. In countries with less developed economy and productivity, the peanut harvesting operation is still mainly based on labor and animal power.

There are two kinds of peanut picking machines in the domestic market: one is to dig out the peanuts from the soil with an excavator, and the soil on the peanuts is not treated. The soil removal, collection, laying and fruit picking of peanuts are all done manually First, the degree of mechanization is low, and it does not reduce the labor intensity of farmers; second, it is a combined operation model that integrates digging, lifting, cleaning, fruit picking and fruit collection, and the cost of this machine is high. However, it does not apply in areas where only small areas of peanuts can be grown for individual harvesting. Therefore, what is urgently needed today is a small and convenient peanut harvester that integrates digging, soil shaking, fruit picking, screening and fruit collection.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a peanut harvester, which solves the problems of high cost of existing equipment and unsuitable for existing mountain-type farmland operations.

For realizing the purpose of the present invention, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: a kind of peanut harvester, comprising:

The separation mechanism is sequentially provided with a soil cleaning roller for removing the soil on the peanut fruit and a separation roller for separating the peanut fruit along the conveying direction;

a collection box, the top of which is open, and the separation roller is arranged in the collection box;

The soil lifting mechanism includes a pair of frames symmetrically and inclined upward along the conveying direction, a conveying channel is formed between the adjacent sides of the two frames, and the conveying channel is located between the collection box and the separation Above the mechanism; chains are arranged around the periphery of the frame, convex teeth are arranged on the chains at equal intervals, and the chains respectively located on the two frames mesh with each other on the conveying path, so the chain is rotatably arranged along the peripheral side of the frame; and

The vehicle body is used for carrying the separation mechanism, the collection box and the soil removal mechanism.

Preferably, the starting ends of a pair of the frames are in a figure-eight structure.

Preferably, the soil-lifting mechanism further includes an adjuster, and each of the adjusters is provided on the frame, and the adjusters are used to adjust the tightness of the chain.

Preferably, a plurality of the separation rollers are provided, and the plurality of separation rollers are sequentially arranged in the collection box along the conveying direction.

Preferably, the rotation directions of the adjacent separation rollers are opposite.

Preferably, the separation roller includes a small fruit picking rod and a large fruit picking rod, and the small fruit picking rod and the large fruit picking rod are sequentially arranged in the collection box along the conveying direction.

Preferably, elastic L-shaped screening teeth are provided on the small fruit picking rod, and U-shaped screening teeth are provided on the large fruit picking rod.

Preferably, at least one layer of screening plates is provided in the collection box.

Preferably, the bottom surface of the collection box is provided with a collection groove.

Preferably, a plurality of transmission gear teeth for driving the chain are arranged around the peripheral side of the frame.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

1. The harvester of the present invention uses a chain with convex teeth for meshing, and then pulls out the peanuts from the field, and conveys them along the conveying path, and passes through the soil cleaning roller and the separating roller in turn, so that the peanuts are removed on the soil cleaning roller. Most of the soil is removed, and then the peanuts are knocked down into the collection box by the separation roller, and the remaining peanut plants are dropped back into the field through the end of the conveying channel. The purpose of picking fruit. The structural design and use of the chain can simplify the structure of transportation and peanut excavation. The overall harvester can be designed to be more compact and small, supplemented by the carrying of the car body, which is easy to move and can cope with mountainous farmland. mechanized operation to improve harvesting efficiency.

2. In order to make the chain can clamp the peanut plants more quickly and completely, the front end of the frame is designed into a figure-eight structure. Combined with the rotation of the chain, it can also avoid the peanut plants from being clamped in a centralized manner and improve the picking efficiency.

3. The tightness of the chain will directly affect the picking effect of peanuts. Therefore, the convenience of adjusting the tightness of the chain will directly affect the convenience of use and maintenance. The invention combines the characteristics of the chain and installs an adjuster on the frame, and the adjuster can be combined with the gear teeth for the piston rod, so it only needs to pass the length of the piston rod and then self-lock, which improves the convenience and practicability of use.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the perspective view of the peanut harvester described in the embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the peanut harvester described in the embodiment;

Fig. 3 is the partial view of the peanut harvester described in the embodiment;

Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view in the circle at A place in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is the structure diagram of the separating roller of the peanut harvester described in the embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the collection box of the peanut harvester according to the embodiment.

Reference number:

10. Separation mechanism; 101, soil cleaning roller; 102, separation roller; 103, frame;

104, chain; 105, regulator;

1021, small fruit picking rod; 1022, large fruit picking rod; 1023, L-shaped screening teeth;

1024, U-shaped screening teeth; 1031, conveying channel; 1032, figure-eight structure;

1041, convex teeth; 1042, transmission gear teeth;

20. Collection box; 201. Screening plate; 202. Collection tank;

30. Land removal mechanism; 40. Car body;

Detailed ways

Therefore, the present invention proposes a new solution. For a clearer representation, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1, the present embodiment provides a peanut harvester, including a separation mechanism 10, a collection box 20, a soil removal mechanism 30 and a vehicle body 40. The vehicle body can be a single-axle double-wheeled vehicle body, while the separation mechanism, The collection box and the soil removal mechanism are installed on one side of the car body, so that they can carry out operations such as picking peanut plants with the movement of the car body. Carry out picking work. The car body is the frame structure of the trolley, which can be driven by the engine. Combined with the separation mechanism, the collection box and the soil removal mechanism, the overall harvester body is small in size, which can adapt to the mountain type farmland, improve the flexibility of the harvester, and improve the harvesting of peanuts. s efficiency.

Specifically, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the separation mechanism includes a cleaning roller 101 and a separation roller 102. The cleaning roller is installed with brushes. The distribution of the brushes can be cross-distributed by hard brushes and flexible brushes, and the separation roller is installed In the collection box, two identical frames 103 are installed symmetrically and obliquely directly above the collection box, and a conveying channel 1031 is formed between the adjacent sides of the two frames. The chain 104 of the protruding teeth 1041 distributed at a distance is engaged with the chain on the conveying path. The chain is driven by a number of gears installed on the peripheral side of the frame, and the tightness of the chain will directly affect the excavation of peanut plants. At the same time, the chain is also elastic, which will clamp the peanut plants and transmit them, and the design of the convex teeth can better clamp the peanut plants relatively evenly, and will not cause the whole peanut plant to be clamped in the same place. to avoid the problem of poor transmission. The tension adjustment of the chain will be explained in detail below.

After starting the harvester, the peanuts are pulled out from the field by the chains on the two frames, and conveyed along the conveying road, passing through the cleaning roller and the separating roller in turn, and the brushes on the cleaning roller roll to remove the soil, so that the soil is removed. Most of the soil on the peanut plants will be removed, and then the peanuts will be knocked down into the collection box by the separation roller, and the remaining peanut plants will be dropped back into the field through the end of the conveying channel. Repeat this to realize mechanization. The purpose of digging, shaking soil and picking fruit is to improve the efficiency of picking.

The structural design and use of the chain can simplify the structure of transportation and peanut excavation. The overall harvester can be designed to be more compact and small, supplemented by the carrying of the car body, which is easy to move and can cope with mountainous areas. Mechanization of farmland to improve harvesting efficiency.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 , the starting ends of a pair of frames in this embodiment have a figure-eight structure 1032 , so the chains surrounding the peripheral side of the frames also form a figure-eight structure at the starting ends. At the same time, the frame is inclined upward from the start end to the end end. A transmission gear 1042 for transmission is installed on the peripheral side of the frame, so that the chain can be arranged on the peripheral side of the frame, and the chain can be driven by a motor to rotate, and the other chain can be driven by another motor to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the chain can be rotated in the opposite direction. The effect of meshing on the conveyor path. Furthermore, the peanut plants are gathered and pulled up through the figure-of-eight structure, and then conveyed on the conveying path by being clamped by two chains. Avoid the occurrence of peanut plants being clamped in a centralized manner, or avoid the situation that the peanut plants cannot be clamped into the conveying channel, and improve the picking rate of the harvester.

As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the soil lifting mechanism in this embodiment also includes an adjuster 105, one adjuster is provided on the frame, the adjuster can be a hydraulic cylinder, and a chain is installed on the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder. Meshing gears. The tightness of the chain will directly affect the picking effect of peanuts, so the adjustment of the tightness of the chain will be more critical. Whether the tightness adjustment of the chain is convenient will directly affect the convenience of use and maintenance. The regulator of this embodiment may also be a combination of a piston rod and gear teeth, or a combination of a hydraulic cylinder and gear teeth. When adjusting, it is only necessary to pass the length of the piston rod and then self-lock. The piston rod is a piston rod with a self-locking function. This type of piston rod is in the prior art and will not be described in detail here. Therefore, the effect of quickly and conveniently adjusting the tightness of the chain is achieved, and the convenience and practicability of use are improved.

In this embodiment, a plurality of separation rollers are provided, and the plurality of separation rollers are sequentially arranged in the collection box along the conveying direction. In order to completely peel off the peanuts on the plant, multiple separation rollers are installed in the collection box to achieve the purpose of completely peeling the peanut fruit through repeated peeling.

In this embodiment, adjacent separation rollers rotate in opposite directions. Through the separation rollers with different turning directions, the peanuts on the peanut plants can be peeled from different directions, so as to achieve the purpose of peeling the peanuts faster and completely. The number of installed separation rollers can also be reduced, the production cost can be reduced, and the harvester can be improved. practicability.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 , in this embodiment, the separation roller includes a small fruit picking rod 1021 and a large fruit picking rod 1022, and the small fruit picking rod and the large fruit picking rod are sequentially arranged in the collection box along the conveying direction. The small fruit picking rod is provided with elastic L-shaped screening teeth 1023, and the large fruit picking rod is provided with U-shaped screening teeth 1024. The L-shaped screening teeth can be made of rubber. When peeling the peanut plants, the elasticity of the rubber can effectively protect the peanuts from being broken or injured, and improve the integrity of the harvested peanuts. However, after the peeling of the small fruit picking rod, there will still be some peanuts that are difficult to peel off. At this time, the U-shaped screening teeth of the large fruit picking rod are used for peeling. The U-shaped structure can improve the strength of the screening teeth. The peanuts are peeled off with great force to achieve the purpose of completely peeling off the peanuts.

As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , in this embodiment, at least one layer of screening plates 201 is provided in the collection box. The peeled peanuts can be simply sieved through the sieving plate, thereby reducing the labor of later screening and improving the practicability of the harvester.

In other embodiments, a multi-layer sieving plate can be provided, and a vibration motor can be installed on the sieving plate, so that peanuts can be sieved into multiple types of different sizes, and the sieving accuracy can be improved.

As shown in FIG. 6 , in this embodiment, the bottom surface of the collection box is provided with a collection groove 202 . The peanuts peeled by the separation roller can pass through the collecting trough for easy collection of the peanuts. And the collection tank can be inclined design, only need to put a woven bag or cloth bag at the exit to achieve the effect of collecting peanuts and improve the practicability of the harvester.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the above embodiments have specifically described the present invention, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific embodiments of the present invention can still be modified or equivalently replaced. , without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, any modifications and equivalent substitutions shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A harvester for peanuts, comprising:

the separating mechanism is sequentially provided with a soil cleaning roller for cleaning soil on the peanuts and a separating roller for separating the peanuts along the conveying direction;

the top of the collecting box is provided with an opening, and the separating roller is arranged in the collecting box;

the soil separating mechanism comprises a pair of frames which are symmetrical and are arranged upwards and slantwise along the conveying direction, a conveying channel is formed between the adjacent side edges of the two frames, and the conveying channel is positioned above the collecting box and the separating mechanism; chains are arranged around the periphery of the frames, convex teeth are arranged on the chains at equal intervals, the chains respectively positioned on the two frames are mutually meshed on the conveying channel, and the chains are rotatably arranged along the periphery of the frames; and

and the vehicle body is used for bearing the separating mechanism, the collecting box and the soil separating mechanism.

2. A harvester for peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the starting ends of the pair of frames are in a splayed structure.

3. A harvester for peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the soil separating mechanism further comprises an adjuster, one adjuster is arranged on each frame, and the adjusters are used for adjusting the tightness of the chains.

4. A harvester for peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the separating rollers are arranged in a plurality, and the separating rollers are sequentially arranged in the collecting box along the conveying direction.

5. A harvester for peanuts as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the adjacent separating rollers rotate in opposite directions.

6. A harvester for peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the separating roller comprises a small fruit picking rod and a large fruit picking rod, and the small fruit picking rod and the large fruit picking rod are sequentially arranged in the collecting box along the conveying direction.

7. A harvester for peanuts as set forth in claim 6, wherein: elastic L-shaped screening teeth are arranged on the small fruit picking rod, and U-shaped screening teeth are arranged on the large fruit picking rod.

8. A harvester for peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein: at least one layer of screening plate is arranged in the collecting box.

9. A harvester for peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom surface of the collecting box is provided with a collecting groove.

10. A harvester for peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of transmission gear teeth for transmitting the chain are arranged around the periphery of the frame.

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