CN111900439A - Fuel cell system and starting control method thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell system and starting control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111900439A CN111900439A CN202010584880.7A CN202010584880A CN111900439A CN 111900439 A CN111900439 A CN 111900439A CN 202010584880 A CN202010584880 A CN 202010584880A CN 111900439 A CN111900439 A CN 111900439A
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- fuel cell
- switch
- converter
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- voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a fuel cell system and a starting control method thereof, wherein the fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell, a load switch, a dummy load, a first switch, a DC/DC converter, a second switch and a user load; the control method comprises the following steps: when the open-circuit voltage of the fuel cell is judged to be within a preset first threshold range, controlling the dummy load to be connected to the output end of the fuel cell; when the output voltage of the fuel cell is judged to be lower than a preset voltage threshold value, controlling the DC/DC converter to be connected to the output end of the fuel cell; and when the output voltage of the DC/DC converter is judged to be in the preset second threshold range, controlling the user load to be connected to the output end of the DC/DC converter. The invention avoids the open circuit voltage of the fuel cell from exceeding the input voltage of the DC/DC converter by connecting the dummy load so as to ensure the normal starting of the fuel cell; meanwhile, the dummy load and the two switches are controlled in a combined mode, so that the fuel cell is prevented from being in an OCV state for a long time, and the service life of the fuel cell is effectively prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell system and a starting control method thereof.
Background
During the starting process of the fuel cell system, the Open Circuit Voltage (Open Circuit Voltage) at the idle time exceeds the input Voltage of the DC/DC converter, which may cause the problem that the fuel cell system cannot be normally started. In addition, if the fuel cell system is in an idle state during power generation, the fuel cell is in an ocv (open Circuit voltage) state, and the service life of the fuel cell is affected because the single-chip voltage of the fuel cell is in a high-voltage state for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fuel cell system and a starting control method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems and can ensure that a fuel cell can be normally started and avoid the fuel cell from being in an OCV state for a long time, thereby prolonging the service life of the fuel cell.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell system, including a fuel cell, a load switch, a dummy load, a first switch, a DC/DC converter, a second switch, and a user load;
a first end of the fuel cell is connected with a first end of the DC/DC converter through the first switch, a second end of the fuel cell is respectively connected with one end of the dummy load and a second end of the DC/DC converter, and the other end of the dummy load is connected to a connection node of the first end of the fuel cell and the first switch through the load switch;
the first output end of the DC/DC converter is connected with the first end of the user load through the second switch, and the second output end of the DC/DC converter is connected with the second end of the user load.
Preferably, the first end of the fuel cell is a cathode and the second end of the fuel cell is an anode.
Preferably, the first switch and the second switch are both contactors.
In order to solve the same technical problem, the present invention also provides a start control method of a fuel cell system, including:
when the fuel cell is started and the open-circuit voltage of the fuel cell is judged to be in a preset first threshold range, controlling to close a load switch so as to enable a dummy load to be connected to the output end of the fuel cell;
when the output voltage of the fuel cell is judged to be lower than a preset voltage threshold value, controlling to close a first switch so that a DC/DC converter is connected to the output end of the fuel cell;
and when the output voltage of the DC/DC converter is judged to be in a preset second threshold range, controlling to close a second switch so as to enable a user load to be connected to the output end of the DC/DC converter.
Further, the start-up control method of the fuel cell system further includes:
and when the operating power of the user load is judged to be larger than the operating power of the dummy load, controlling to disconnect the load switch.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the embodiment of the invention provides a fuel cell system and a starting control method thereof, wherein the fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell, a load switch, a dummy load, a first switch, a DC/DC converter, a second switch and a user load; the control method comprises the following steps: when the fuel cell is started and the open-circuit voltage of the fuel cell is judged to be in a preset first threshold range, controlling to close a load switch so as to enable a dummy load to be connected to the output end of the fuel cell; when the output voltage of the fuel cell is judged to be lower than a preset voltage threshold value, controlling to close a first switch so that a DC/DC converter is connected to the output end of the fuel cell; and when the output voltage of the DC/DC converter is judged to be in a preset second threshold range, controlling to close a second switch so as to enable a user load to be connected to the output end of the DC/DC converter. The invention avoids the open circuit voltage of the fuel cell from exceeding the input voltage of the DC/DC converter by connecting the dummy load so as to ensure the normal starting of the fuel cell; meanwhile, the dummy load and the two switches are controlled in a combined mode, so that the fuel cell is prevented from being in an OCV state for a long time, and the service life of the fuel cell is effectively prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell system in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a start-up control method of the fuel cell system in the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is another flowchart schematically illustrating a start-up control method of the fuel cell system in the embodiment of the invention;
wherein the reference numbers in the drawings of the specification are as follows:
1. a fuel cell; 2. a load switch; 3. a dummy load; 4. a first switch; 5. a DC/DC converter; 6. a second switch; 7. the user load.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell system, which includes a fuel cell 1, a load switch 2, a dummy load 3, a first switch 4, a DC/DC converter 5, a second switch 6, and a user load 7;
a first end of the fuel cell 1 is connected with a first end of the DC/DC converter 5 through the first switch 4, a second end of the fuel cell 1 is respectively connected with one end of the dummy load 3 and a second end of the DC/DC converter 5, and the other end of the dummy load 3 is connected to a connection node of the first end of the fuel cell 1 and the first switch 4 through the load switch 2;
a first output terminal of the DC/DC converter 5 is connected to a first terminal of the consumer load 7 via the second switch 6, and a second output terminal of the DC/DC converter 5 is connected to a second terminal of the consumer load 7.
In the embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the first end of the fuel cell 1 is a negative electrode, and the second end of the fuel cell 1 is a positive electrode.
In the embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the first switch 4 and the second switch 6 are both contactors.
Referring to fig. 2-3, in order to solve the same technical problem, the present invention further provides a start-up control method of a fuel cell system, including the steps of:
s1, controlling to close a load switch 2 to enable a dummy load 3 to be connected to the output end of the fuel cell 1 when the fuel cell 1 is started and the open-circuit voltage of the fuel cell 1 is judged to be in a preset first threshold range;
s2, when the output voltage of the fuel cell 1 is judged to be lower than the preset voltage threshold, controlling to close the first switch 4 to enable the DC/DC converter 5 to be connected to the output end of the fuel cell 1;
and S3, controlling to close the second switch 6 to enable the user load 7 to be connected to the output end of the DC/DC converter 5 when the output voltage of the DC/DC converter 5 is judged to be in the preset second threshold range.
In the embodiment of the present invention, further, the start-up control method of the fuel cell system further includes:
and S4, controlling to turn off the load switch 2 when the operating power of the user load 7 is judged to be larger than the operating power of the dummy load 3.
The start-up control method of the fuel cell system in the present embodiment can be implemented by any of the fuel cell systems described above.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in order to better understand the fuel cell system and the start-up control method thereof according to the embodiment of the present invention, the following description will be made to illustrate the operation of the system:
when the fuel cell 1 is started, hydrogen gas, cooling water, and air are sequentially injected into the fuel cell 1, an electrochemical reaction occurs in the fuel cell 1, and a voltage is generated between the positive and negative electrodes of the fuel cell 1 to gradually reach an Open Circuit Voltage (OCV).
A dummy load 3 is arranged between the output anode and the output cathode of the fuel cell 1 and is controlled to be connected or not through a load switch 2, and the input end of a DC/DC converter 5 is controlled to be connected or not to be connected with the output end of the fuel cell 1 through a direct current contactor 1 (a first switch 4) on the output loop of the cathode of the fuel cell 1. The output terminal of the DC/DC converter 5 controls whether the user load 7 is connected to the output terminal of the DC/DC converter 5 through the contactor 2 (second switch 6).
Referring to fig. 2-3, in the embodiment of the present invention, hydrogen, cooling water, and air are sequentially introduced during the starting process of the fuel cell 1, and then it is determined whether the open-circuit voltage of the fuel cell 1 is normal, if the open-circuit voltage is normal, the dummy load 3 is connected to the output end of the fuel cell 1 by controlling the load switch 2 to be closed, and the voltage of the fuel cell 1 is reduced by the dummy load 3.
When the judgment voltage falls within the input voltage range of the DC/DC converter 5 and then the contactor 1 (first switch 4) is closed to connect the DC/DC converter 5 to the output terminal of the fuel cell 1, the DC/DC converter 5 starts operating. When the output voltage of the DC/DC converter 5 reaches the judgment voltage, the contactor 2 is opened (the second switch 6), the DC/DC converter 5 is connected with the user load 7, and the output power of the fuel cell 1 is controlled by the DC/DC converter 5.
In an embodiment of the invention, if the customer power demand exceeds the dummy load 3 power, the load switch 2 is opened, eliminating the incorporation of the dummy load 3 into the fuel cell 1 output. If the user load 7 has no power demand, the fuel cell 1 is prevented from being in the OCV state for a long time by controlling the load switch 2 to connect the dummy load 3 at the output end of the fuel cell 1.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention avoids the open circuit voltage of the fuel cell 1 from exceeding the input voltage of the DC/DC converter 5 by connecting the dummy load 3, so as to ensure the normal starting of the fuel cell 1; meanwhile, the dummy load 3 and the two switches are controlled in a combined mode, so that the fuel cell 1 is prevented from being in an OCV state for a long time, and the service life of the fuel cell 1 is effectively prolonged.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A fuel cell system is characterized by comprising a fuel cell, a load switch, a dummy load, a first switch, a DC/DC converter, a second switch and a user load;
a first end of the fuel cell is connected with a first end of the DC/DC converter through the first switch, a second end of the fuel cell is respectively connected with one end of the dummy load and a second end of the DC/DC converter, and the other end of the dummy load is connected to a connection node of the first end of the fuel cell and the first switch through the load switch;
the first output end of the DC/DC converter is connected with the first end of the user load through the second switch, and the second output end of the DC/DC converter is connected with the second end of the user load.
2. The fuel cell system of claim 1, wherein the first end of the fuel cell is a negative electrode and the second end of the fuel cell is a positive electrode.
3. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the first switch device and the second switch device are each a contactor.
4. A start-up control method for a fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising:
when the fuel cell is started and the open-circuit voltage of the fuel cell is judged to be in a preset first threshold range, controlling to close a load switch so as to enable a dummy load to be connected to the output end of the fuel cell;
when the output voltage of the fuel cell is judged to be lower than a preset voltage threshold value, controlling to close a first switch so that a DC/DC converter is connected to the output end of the fuel cell;
and when the output voltage of the DC/DC converter is judged to be in a preset second threshold range, controlling to close a second switch so as to enable a user load to be connected to the output end of the DC/DC converter.
5. The start-up control method of a fuel cell system according to claim 4, characterized by further comprising:
and when the operating power of the user load is judged to be larger than the operating power of the dummy load, controlling to disconnect the load switch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010584880.7A CN111900439A (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Fuel cell system and starting control method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010584880.7A CN111900439A (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Fuel cell system and starting control method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111900439A true CN111900439A (en) | 2020-11-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010584880.7A Pending CN111900439A (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Fuel cell system and starting control method thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN111900439A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112701329A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-23 | 武汉格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 | Control method for on-load starting of fuel cell system |
| CN114464846A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-05-10 | 摩氢科技有限公司 | Cathode reduction method and system of fuel cell |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5023150A (en) * | 1988-08-19 | 1991-06-11 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for controlling a fuel cell |
| CN102369623A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2012-03-07 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Fuel cell system, control method for the fuel cell system, and electric vehicle equipped with the fuel cell system |
| CN102379060A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2012-03-14 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Fuel cell system, and vehicle equipped with the fuel cell system |
-
2020
- 2020-06-23 CN CN202010584880.7A patent/CN111900439A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5023150A (en) * | 1988-08-19 | 1991-06-11 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for controlling a fuel cell |
| CN102369623A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2012-03-07 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Fuel cell system, control method for the fuel cell system, and electric vehicle equipped with the fuel cell system |
| CN102379060A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2012-03-14 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Fuel cell system, and vehicle equipped with the fuel cell system |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112701329A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-23 | 武汉格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 | Control method for on-load starting of fuel cell system |
| CN112701329B (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2023-07-18 | 武汉格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 | Control method for on-load starting of fuel cell system |
| CN114464846A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-05-10 | 摩氢科技有限公司 | Cathode reduction method and system of fuel cell |
| CN114464846B (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2024-06-11 | 摩氢科技有限公司 | A cathode reduction method and system for a fuel cell |
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Application publication date: 20201106 |