CN111904567A - Shin bone tractor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tibia retractor, and relates to the technical field of medical auxiliary instruments. The tibia retractor comprises a first bone traction needle and a second bone traction needle, and is characterized by further comprising a first telescopic piece and a second telescopic piece which are telescopic, wherein the first telescopic piece and the second telescopic piece are arranged in a mirror symmetry mode; and one end of the first bone traction needle passes through one end of the first telescopic piece, the other end of the first bone traction needle passes through one end of the second telescopic piece, one end of the second bone traction needle passes through the other end of the first telescopic piece, and the other end of the second bone traction needle passes through the other end of the second telescopic piece. The retractor can draw the bone at the fracture position, is convenient for medical personnel to reset the bone, can keep the state of the repaired bone, and avoids secondary injury in the operation process.

Description

A tibial distractor

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical aids, in particular to a tibial distractor.

Background technique

In the prior art, after a patient's fracture, the patient's bone needs to be reset first, and then the patient is medically fixed after the reset. During the reset, the patient's bone is generally stretched and reset by medical personnel. The uncontrollability of the patient's treatment part. When the medical staff is in a pulling state for a long time, the medical staff is easily fatigued, and the time is too long, and the pulling effect is not good. When using heavy objects to stretch and reset the patient's bones, it is necessary to When the bone is repaired in other directions, it is more difficult to turn it over, which reduces the quality of orthopedic surgery and even causes secondary damage to the patient.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes a tibial distractor, which can pull the bone at the fracture site, facilitate the medical personnel to reset the bone, and can maintain the state of the bone after repair, so as to avoid secondary injuries during the operation. harm.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following scheme:

A tibial distraction device, comprising a first bone distraction pin and a second bone distraction pin, characterized in that a retractable first retractable member and a retractable second retractable member,

And one end of the first bone distraction needle passes through one end of the first telescopic piece, and the other end of the first bone distraction needle passes through one end of the second telescopic piece,

And one end of the second bone distraction needle passes through the other end of the first telescopic piece, and the other end of the second bone distraction needle passes through the other end of the second telescopic piece;

When the first telescopic piece and the second telescopic piece are contracted to the shortest point, the first bone distraction pin and the second bone distraction pin are parallel to each other, and the first telescopic piece and the second telescopic piece are arranged mirror-symmetrically.

Further, one end of the first telescopic member is a first column, the first column is provided with at least one radial first through hole, and one end of the first bone distraction pin passes through a first through hole;

The other end of the first telescopic member is a second column, the second column is provided with at least one radial second through hole, and one end of the second bone distraction pin passes through a second through hole;

A first telescopic part for connecting the first column and the second column is arranged between the first column and the second column;

One end of the second telescopic member is a third column, the third column is provided with at least one radial third through hole, and the other end of the first bone distraction pin passes through a third through hole;

The other end of the second telescopic member is a fourth column, the fourth column is provided with at least one radial fourth through hole, and the other end of the second bone distraction pin passes through a fourth through hole;

A second telescopic part for connecting the third column and the fourth column is provided between the third column and the fourth column.

Still further, the first telescopic part includes a first threaded rod, and one end of the first threaded rod is fixed on the end face of the first column;

a second threaded rod, and one end of the second threaded rod is fixed on the end face of the second column; and

The fifth column is provided with a radial first threaded blind hole and a radial second threaded blind hole, the first threaded blind hole and the second threaded blind hole are mirror-symmetrical, and the first threaded blind hole The central axis of the second threaded blind hole coincides with the central axis of the second threaded blind hole;

The other end of the first threaded rod is screwed into the first threaded blind hole, and the other end of the second threaded rod is screwed into the second threaded blind hole;

The second telescopic part includes a third threaded rod, and one end of the third threaded rod is fixed on the end face of the third column;

a fourth threaded rod, and one end of the fourth threaded rod is fixed to the end face of the fourth column; and

The sixth column is provided with a radial third threaded blind hole and a radial fourth threaded blind hole, the third threaded blind hole and the fourth threaded blind hole are mirror-symmetrical, and the third threaded blind hole The central axis of the threaded blind hole coincides with the central axis of the fourth threaded blind hole;

The other end of the third threaded rod is screwed into the third threaded blind hole, and the other end of the fourth threaded rod is screwed into the fourth threaded blind hole.

Further, the central axis of the first threaded rod coincides with the central axis of the second threaded rod; and the threading direction of the first threaded rod is opposite to that of the second threaded rod.

Further, the central axis of the third threaded rod coincides with the central axis of the fourth threaded rod; and the thread rotation direction of the third threaded rod is opposite to that of the fourth threaded rod.

Further, the end surface of the fifth column is provided with an axial first insertion hole, and the end surface of the sixth column is provided with an axial second insertion hole;

The tibial distractor also includes a portal frame that includes

a first insertion rod, one end of which is inserted into the first jack;

a second insertion rod, one end of which is inserted into the second jack;

Connecting rod;

a first connecting block, which connects one end of the connecting rod and the other end of the first inserting rod;

The second connecting block is connected to the other end of the connecting rod and the other end of the second inserting rod.

The tibial distraction device of the present invention is used: the bones on both sides of the fractured section are respectively punched out the needle holes of the bone distraction needle, the first telescopic piece and the second telescopic piece are respectively placed on both sides of the bone fracture, and the first bone distraction needle is placed on both sides of the bone fracture. Pass through one end of the first telescopic piece, the needle hole, and one end of the second telescopic piece in sequence, and pass the second bone distraction needle through the other end of the first telescopic piece, the other needle hole, and the other end of the second telescopic piece in sequence, Extending both the first telescopic piece and the second telescopic piece, the position of the bone at the fracture can be adjusted, the first telescopic piece and the second telescopic piece are contracted, the reset is completed, and the portal frame is inserted for fixation.

The advantages of the tibial distractor of the present invention are: 1) the use of telescopic parts to pull the bone at the fracture site reduces the work intensity of medical personnel, thereby improving the bone reduction effect at the fracture site; 2) after the bone at the fracture site is reset, the The frame can maintain this state to ensure that the subsequent operation will not cause secondary injury to the patient; 3) the device has a simple structure, is convenient to use, and is stable and reliable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the tibial distractor according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a half-section schematic view of the fifth column of the tibial distractor according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a half-section schematic view of the sixth column of the tibial distractor according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. The first telescopic piece, 11, the first column, 111, the first through hole, 12, the second column, 121, the second through hole, 13, the first threaded rod, 14, the second threaded rod, 15. Fifth column, 151, first threaded blind hole, 152, second threaded blind hole, 153, first jack; 2. Second telescopic piece, 21, third column, 211, third through hole, 22 , fourth column, 221, fourth through hole, 23, third threaded rod, 24, fourth threaded rod, 25, sixth column, 251, third threaded blind hole, 252, fourth threaded blind hole, 253, Second jack; 3. Bone distraction needle, 31, First bone distraction needle, 32, Second bone distraction needle; 4. Portal frame, 41, connecting rod, 42, first connecting block, 43, second connection Block, 44, first plunger, 45, second plunger.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the usual meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Rear, Left, Right, Vertical, Horizontal, Top, Bottom, Inner, Outer, Clockwise, Counterclockwise, Axial, The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "radial direction", "circumferential direction", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the indicated devices or elements. It must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of the two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the tibial distraction device of this embodiment includes a first bone distraction pin 31 and a second bone distraction pin 32 , and also includes a retractable first retractable member 1 and a retractable second retractable member 2 ; And one end of the first bone distraction needle 31 passes through one end of the first telescopic member 1, the other end of the first bone distraction needle 31 passes through one end of the second telescopic member 2, and one end of the second bone distraction needle 32 passes through the first telescopic member 1. The other end of the telescopic element 1 and the other end of the second bone distraction pin 32 pass through the other end of the second telescopic element 2. When the first telescopic element 1 and the second telescopic element 2 are retracted to the shortest point, the first bone distraction pin 31 and the second bone distraction pin 32 are parallel to each other, and the first telescopic element 1 and the second telescopic element 2 are arranged in mirror symmetry.

Here, when the first retractable member 1 and the second retractable member 2 are extended, the distance between the first bone distraction pin 31 and the second bone distraction pin 32 increases, and when the first retractable member 1 and the second retractable member 2 are retracted , the distance between the first bone distraction pin 31 and the second bone distraction pin 32 decreases accordingly.

One end of the first telescopic member 1 is a first column 11, the first column 11 is provided with at least one radial first through hole 111, and one end of the first bone distraction pin 31 passes through a first through hole 111; The other end of the first telescopic member 1 is a second column 12, the second column 12 is provided with at least one radial second through hole 121, and one end of the second bone distraction pin 32 passes through a second through hole 121. A hole 121; a first telescopic part for connecting the first column 11 and the second column 12 is provided between the first column 11 and the second column 12; one end of the second telescopic member 2 is the third column 21, the The third column 21 has at least one radial third through hole 211, and the other end of the first bone distraction pin 31 passes through a third through hole 211; the other end of the second telescopic member 2 is the fourth column 22, the fourth column 22 has at least one radial fourth through hole 221, and the other end of the second bone distraction pin 32 passes through a fourth through hole 221; A second telescopic part for connecting the third column 21 and the fourth column 22 is provided therebetween. It should be emphasized that the first through holes 111 of the first pillar 11 and the third through holes 211 of the third pillar 21 are in a one-to-one correspondence, and the second through holes 122 of the second pillar 12 and the fourth pillar The fourth through holes 221 of 22 are all in one-to-one correspondence. When using, select the appropriate corresponding through holes, which is conducive to ensuring the parallel state of the first bone distraction needle and the second distraction needle, which also reduces the time when the bone is stretched. secondary damage.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , the numbers of the first through holes 111 , the second through holes 121 , the third through holes 211 and the fourth through holes 221 are all six, and the hole diameters are also the same, and the first column 11 , the shape and size of the second column 12 , the third column 21 and the fourth column 22 are also the same.

As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the first telescopic part includes a first threaded rod 13 , and one end of the first threaded rod 13 is fixed on the end face of the first column 11 ; the second threaded rod 14 is One end of the two threaded rod 14 is fixed on the end face of the second column 12; and the fifth column 15, the fifth column 15 has a radial first threaded blind hole 151 and a radial second threaded blind hole 152, so The end face of the fifth column 15 is provided with an axial first insertion hole 153, the first threaded blind hole 151 and the second threaded blind hole 152 are mirror-symmetrical, and the central axis of the first threaded blind hole 151 and the second threaded blind hole The central axes of the holes 152 coincide; the other end of the first threaded rod 13 is screwed into the first threaded blind hole 151, and the other end of the second threaded rod 14 is screwed into the second threaded blind hole 152; the first threaded rod 13 The central axis of the second threaded rod 14 coincides with the central axis of the second threaded rod 14 ; and the thread rotation direction of the first threaded rod 13 is opposite to that of the second threaded rod 14 . The second telescopic part includes a third threaded rod 23, and one end of the third threaded rod 23 is fixed on the end face of the third column 21; a fourth threaded rod 24, and one end of the fourth threaded rod 24 is fixed on the fourth column 22 and the sixth column 25, the sixth column 25 is provided with a radial third threaded blind hole 251 and a radial fourth threaded blind hole 252, and the end surface of the sixth column 25 is provided with an axial The second insertion hole 253, the third threaded blind hole 251 and the fourth threaded blind hole 252 are mirror-symmetrical, and the central axis of the third threaded blind hole 251 and the central axis of the fourth threaded blind hole 252 coincide; the third thread The central axis of the rod 23 coincides with the central axis of the fourth threaded rod 24; and the threading direction of the third threaded rod 23 is opposite to that of the fourth threaded rod 24; the other end of the third threaded rod 23 is screwed into the third threaded blind hole 251 , and the other end of the fourth threaded rod 24 is screwed into the fourth threaded blind hole 252 .

It should be noted here that when the first telescopic element 1 and the second telescopic element 2 are operated to extend, if the end of the threaded rod is completely unscrewed from the threaded blind hole, the entire retractor will collapse, which is very likely serious injury to the patient. Therefore, in order to avoid the above situation, the first telescopic part 1 and the second telescopic part 2 should be kept in their shortest state before use; that is, the above-mentioned threaded rods are screwed into the threaded blind holes, and the threaded rods should be kept in the shortest state. The end face basically touches the bottom of the threaded blind hole, which makes the first telescopic element 1 and the second telescopic element 2 reach their maximum extendable lengths.

It should also be noted that, in order to ensure the stability of the tibial distractor during bone repositioning, the synchronization of the first telescopic element 1 and the second telescopic element 2 must be ensured during expansion and contraction. Then, the first threaded rod 13 and the The lengths of the third threaded rods 23 are the same, and the lengths of the second threaded rods 14 and the fourth threaded rods 24 are the same. In addition, it is ensured that the depths of the first threaded blind hole 151 and the third threaded blind hole 251 are the same. The threaded blind hole 152 and the fourth threaded blind hole 252 have the same depth.

Here, since the thread rotation direction of the first threaded rod 13 is opposite to that of the second threaded rod 14, when the fifth column 15 is rotated around the central axis of the first threaded rod 13 and the second threaded rod 14, then The first threaded rod 13 and the second threaded rod 14 are close to each other or away from each other; similarly, since the threading direction of the third threaded rod 23 is opposite to that of the fourth threaded rod 24, then the sixth column 25 When rotating around the central axis of the third threaded rod 23 and the fourth threaded rod 24, the third threaded rod 23 and the fourth threaded rod 24 are close to or away from each other; then, rotating the fifth column 15 and the sixth column 25, The expansion and contraction of the first telescopic element 1 and the second telescopic element 2 can be realized.

In this embodiment, in the direction shown by the arrow in FIG. 1 , the thread of the first threaded rod 13 is right-handed, the thread of the second threaded rod 14 is left-handed, the thread of the third threaded rod 23 is left-handed, and the thread of the fourth threaded rod 24 is left-handed. Rotate right; then, rotate the fifth column 15 counterclockwise, that is, the extension of the first telescopic element 1 is realized; and the sixth column 25 is rotated clockwise, that is, the extension of the second telescopic element 2 is realized.

In addition, the first column 11 , the second column 12 , the third column 21 , the fourth column 22 , the fifth column 15 and the sixth column 25 in this embodiment are all regular quadrangular prisms, but not limited to this, and other columns may also be used. shape, such as cylindrical.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the tibial distractor further includes a portal frame 4, and the portal frame 4 includes a first insertion rod 44, one end of which is inserted into the first insertion hole 153; Two jacks 253; connecting rod 41; first connecting block 42, which connects one end of connecting rod 41 and the other end of first plugging rod 44; second connecting block 43, which connects the other end of connecting rod 41 and the second plugging rod the other end of the rod 45 . It should be noted here that the connection between the first insertion rod 44 and the first connection block 42 , the connection between the second insertion rod 45 and the second connection block 43 , the connection rod 41 and the first connection block 42 , The connection with the second connection block 43 may be a screw connection, a pin-type mechanical connection, or a welding, but is not limited to this.

When the tibial distractor described in this embodiment is used,

Screw the end of the first threaded rod 13 into the first threaded blind hole 151, similarly, screw the end of the second threaded rod 14 into the second threaded blind hole 152, and screw the end of the third threaded rod 23 into the second threaded blind hole 152. The three-threaded blind hole 251, the end of the fourth threaded rod 24 is screwed into the fourth threaded blind hole 252, that is, the first telescopic piece 1 and the second telescopic piece 2 are kept in their shortest state;

Place the first telescopic piece 1 and the second telescopic piece 2 symmetrically on both sides of the bone fracture, keep the fifth column 15 and the sixth column 25 vertical and parallel to each other, and ensure that the first insertion rod 44 can be inserted into the first insertion rod. The hole 153, the second insertion rod 45 can be inserted into the second insertion hole 253;

According to the situation of the bone fracture, select appropriate and mutually symmetrical first through holes 111 and second through holes 121 on the first column 11 , the second column 12 , the third column 21 and the fourth column 22 , which are symmetrical to each other. The third through hole 211 and the fourth through hole 221, and then according to the selected through holes, the bones on both sides of the fractured section are punched out the needle holes of the bone traction needle;

Pass the first bone distraction needle 31 through the selected first through hole 111, the needle hole, and the selected second through hole 121 in sequence, and pass the second bone distraction needle 32 through the selected third through hole 211, pinhole, the selected fourth through hole 221;

Rotate the fifth column 15 counterclockwise and the sixth column 25 clockwise, then the first telescopic piece 1 and the second telescopic piece 2 are stretched to adjust the bone at the fracture, after the bone position is aligned; rotate the fifth column 15 clockwise , rotate the sixth column 25 counterclockwise, then the first telescopic piece 1 and the second telescopic piece 2 shrink until the fifth column 15 and the sixth column 25 are rotated to the initial state, that is, the bone reduction at the fracture is completed;

By inserting the first insertion rod 44 of the portal frame 4 into the first insertion hole 153 and the second insertion rod 45 into the second insertion hole 253, the bone repositioning state can be maintained.

Claims (6)

1. a tibial distraction device, comprising the first bone distraction pin and the second bone distraction pin, it is characterized in that, also comprise the first telescopic piece that is telescopic and the second telescopic piece that is telescopic, And one end of the first bone distraction needle passes through one end of the first telescopic piece, and the other end of the first bone distraction needle passes through one end of the second telescopic piece, And one end of the second bone distraction needle passes through the other end of the first telescopic piece, and the other end of the second bone distraction needle passes through the other end of the second telescopic piece; When the first telescopic piece and the second telescopic piece are contracted to the shortest point, the first bone distraction pin and the second bone distraction pin are parallel to each other, and the first telescopic piece and the second telescopic piece are arranged mirror-symmetrically. 2 . The tibial distractor according to claim 1 , wherein one end of the first telescopic member is a first column, the first column is provided with at least one radial first through hole, and the first One end of the bone distraction pin passes through a first through hole; The other end of the first telescopic member is a second column, the second column is provided with at least one radial second through hole, and one end of the second bone distraction pin passes through a second through hole; A first telescopic part for connecting the first column and the second column is arranged between the first column and the second column; One end of the second telescopic member is a third column, the third column is provided with at least one radial third through hole, and the other end of the first bone distraction pin passes through a third through hole; The other end of the second telescopic member is a fourth column, the fourth column is provided with at least one radial fourth through hole, and the other end of the second bone distraction pin passes through a fourth through hole; A second telescopic part for connecting the third column and the fourth column is provided between the third column and the fourth column. 3. The tibial distractor according to claim 2, wherein the first telescopic part comprises a first threaded rod, and one end of the first threaded rod is fixed on the end face of the first column; a second threaded rod, and one end of the second threaded rod is fixed on the end face of the second column; and The fifth column is provided with a radial first threaded blind hole and a radial second threaded blind hole, the first threaded blind hole and the second threaded blind hole are mirror-symmetrical, and the first threaded blind hole The central axis of the second threaded blind hole coincides with the central axis of the second threaded blind hole; The other end of the first threaded rod is screwed into the first threaded blind hole, and the other end of the second threaded rod is screwed into the second threaded blind hole; The second telescopic part includes a third threaded rod, and one end of the third threaded rod is fixed on the end face of the third column; a fourth threaded rod, and one end of the fourth threaded rod is fixed to the end face of the fourth column; and The sixth column is provided with a radial third threaded blind hole and a radial fourth threaded blind hole, the third threaded blind hole and the fourth threaded blind hole are mirror-symmetrical, and the third threaded blind hole The central axis of the threaded blind hole coincides with the central axis of the fourth threaded blind hole; The other end of the third threaded rod is screwed into the third threaded blind hole, and the other end of the fourth threaded rod is screwed into the fourth threaded blind hole. 4. The tibial distractor according to claim 3, wherein the central axis of the first threaded rod coincides with the central axis of the second threaded rod; Threaded rods have the opposite direction of thread rotation. 5. The tibial distractor according to claim 3, wherein the central axis of the third threaded rod coincides with the central axis of the fourth threaded rod; and the thread rotation of the third threaded rod is the same as the fourth threaded rod Threaded rods have the opposite direction of thread rotation. 6 . The tibial distractor according to claim 3 , wherein the end surface of the fifth column is provided with an axial first insertion hole, and the end surface of the sixth column is provided with an axial second insertion hole. 7 . ; The tibial distractor also includes a portal frame that includes a first insertion rod, one end of which is inserted into the first jack; a second insertion rod, one end of which is inserted into the second jack; Connecting rod; a first connecting block, which connects one end of the connecting rod and the other end of the first inserting rod; The second connecting block is connected to the other end of the connecting rod and the other end of the second inserting rod.

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