CN111853817A - Method for treating hazardous waste by using plasma gasification melting furnace - Google Patents
Method for treating hazardous waste by using plasma gasification melting furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN111853817A CN111853817A CN202010631511.9A CN202010631511A CN111853817A CN 111853817 A CN111853817 A CN 111853817A CN 202010631511 A CN202010631511 A CN 202010631511A CN 111853817 A CN111853817 A CN 111853817A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000009272 plasma gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010888 waste organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000004127 vitreous body Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/58—Ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/04—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste liquors, e.g. sulfite liquors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
- F23G2204/10—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel
- F23G2204/101—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel solid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/10—Liquid waste
- F23G2209/101—Waste liquor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/12—Sludge, slurries or mixtures of liquids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for treating hazardous waste by a plasma gasification melting furnace, and particularly discloses a method for storing materials containing copper, nickel and precious metals; storing the material with high toxicity; the waste catalyst is stored independently according to the metal characteristics; independently storing the waste organic solvent; 2) mixing the materials stored in the step 1); 3) carrying out low-temperature dehydration granulation after mixing, dedusting and purifying dehydrated gas by using a wet electric dust collector, and allowing the dried gas to participate in plasma furnace treatment; making the mixed materials into small particles for later use; 4) after granulation, the waste and large granular coke are mixed together and enter a plasma furnace for treatment; 5) and finally, producing an end product: the synthetic gas, the vitreous slag and the valuable metal alloy enrich the compatibility scheme of materials for the plasma furnace, the reasonable compatibility of the materials optimizes the type and scheme of the materials processed by the plasma furnace, and the hazardous waste is dehydrated and then enters the furnace, thereby greatly optimizing the combustion condition in the furnace chamber, shortening the reaction time, avoiding the influence on the furnace chamber caused by water vapor and reducing the difficulty in processing the smoke.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hazardous waste treatment, in particular to a method for treating hazardous waste by using a plasma gasification melting furnace.
Background
The existing waste treatment method mainly comprises the following steps:
1. a method of treating harmless solid waste 1) mixing inorganic oxide particles or hydroxides with a slow release agent to form a mixture; 2) mixing the prepared mixture with phosphoric acid to form an acidic solution; 3) mixing the acidic solution with the waste particles to produce a slurry; and 4) solidifying the slurry, wherein oxide crystal grains are formed by feeding an inorganic oxide into a plasma furnace to bake, then cooling and then grinding, the temperature applied to the plasma furnace is increased from a first temperature by 10 degrees Celsius per minute, so that baking is carried out for 20 minutes and 40 minutes to a second temperature, and then baking is carried out constantly at the second temperature for 40 minutes and 120 minutes. The method provided by the invention can be used for producing building materials without generating secondary waste materials, and can generate building materials which are cheap and do not discharge harmful gases.
2. The oil sludge plasma treatment system comprises a plasma melting furnace and a control system, wherein the plasma melting furnace at least comprises a container, a plurality of plasma electrodes and a common electrode, the plasma electrodes and the common electrode are arranged in the container and distributed in an array mode, the plasma electrodes and the common electrode are powered by an ARC power supply, and the control system controls the electric connection of each electrode of the plasma electrodes distributed in the array mode to be connected or disconnected through a matrix switch according to the preset temperature of the plasma melting furnace.
3. A dangerous waste plasma treatment method comprises the steps of treating waste to be treated at 600800 ℃ to generate ash and smoke; crushing the ash to generate ash particles, and throwing the ash particles into a plasma melting part; carrying out solid-gas separation on the flue gas to generate solid particles and first synthetic gas, putting the solid particles into a plasma financing part, and discharging the first synthetic gas into a re-reaction chamber; processing the ash particles and the solid particles by using a plasma furnace at 13001800 ℃ to generate slag and second synthesis gas; oxidizing the first synthesis gas and the second synthesis gas by using a re-reaction chamber to generate dischargeable gas; and washing the dischargeable gas to generate clean gas. The method provided by the invention generates power by using the heat energy generated in the hazardous waste treatment process, and the power generation efficiency is high.
4. A plasma furnace for integrated solid-liquid waste treatment, comprising: the furnace body consists of a top cover, a furnace body and a furnace bottom; a hearth is formed in the furnace body, and the hearth is divided into a gasification zone and a melting zone; a high-temperature refractory fiber layer, a high-temperature heat-insulating layer and a heat-insulating fiber layer are sequentially arranged between the hearth and the furnace body shell from inside to outside; the furnace body is provided with a solid feeding channel, an exhaust channel, a waste liquid feeding nozzle, a plasma generator mounting interface and a discharging interface. The invention has the advantages of having the capacity of treating solid waste and liquid waste, simple structure, convenient disassembly and maintenance, high heat utilization rate and the like.
The above-mentioned prior art methods still have some drawbacks: 1. the pertinence of the material compatibility is strong; 2. the treated material is single; 3. for a particular furnace type.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides a method for treating hazardous wastes by using a plasma gasification melting furnace, which solves the problem that common hazardous wastes (solid and liquid) are difficult to be compatible and reduces energy consumption.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: a method of treating hazardous waste in a plasma gasification melting furnace comprising the steps of:
1) storing materials containing copper, nickel and precious metals; storing the material with high toxicity; the waste catalyst is stored independently according to the metal characteristics; the waste organic solvent is stored separately.
2) Mixing the materials stored in the step 1);
3) carrying out low-temperature dehydration granulation after mixing, dedusting and purifying dehydrated gas by using a wet electric dust collector, and allowing the dried gas to participate in plasma furnace treatment; making the mixed materials into small particles for later use;
4) after granulation, the waste and large granular coke enter a plasma furnace together for treatment;
5) and finally producing an end product: synthesis gas, vitreous slag and valuable metal alloy.
As a further improvement of the invention, when the content of the metal in the material with high toxicity in the step 1) is particularly high, the valuable metal is recovered by a wet method and then treated by a plasma melting furnace.
As a further improvement of the invention, the mixed materials in the step 3) are prepared into particles of 0.5-1.0 cm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the waste after granulation in the step 4) can also be treated in a plasma furnace together with or high-calorific-value coal.
As a further improvement of the invention, the material with high toxicity in the step 1) refers to a material containing more chromium and vanadium.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the compatibility scheme of materials for the plasma furnace is enriched, the materials are reasonably compatible, and the types and scheme of materials processed by the plasma furnace are optimized.
2. After hazardous waste granulation and dehydration, the maximum heated surface area and uniform particle combustion after entering the furnace can be fully ensured.
3. The hazardous waste is dehydrated and then enters the furnace, so that the combustion condition in the furnace chamber is greatly optimized, the reaction time is shortened, the influence on the furnace chamber caused by water vapor is avoided, and the difficulty in flue gas treatment is reduced.
4. The scheme of mixing, drying, granulating and matching sludge and waste organic solution is adopted, so that the feeding efficiency of the plasma furnace and the utilization rate of the furnace body are greatly improved.
5. The waste organic matter solution is added, so that a precondition is provided for the collection and utilization of subsequent synthesis gas, a large amount of heat can be released in the decomposition process, the temperature of the furnace body is increased, the power consumption is reduced, and the hazardous waste disposal cost is finally reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
Detailed Description
For the purpose of enhancing the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, which are only used for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for treating hazardous waste in a plasma gasification melting furnace according to the present invention, comprising the steps of:
1) storing materials containing copper, nickel and precious metals; storing the material with high toxicity; the waste catalyst is stored independently according to the metal characteristics; independently storing the waste organic solvent;
2) mixing the materials stored in the step 1);
3) carrying out low-temperature dehydration granulation after mixing, dedusting and purifying dehydrated gas by using a wet electric dust collector, and allowing the dried gas to participate in plasma furnace treatment; making the mixed materials into small particles for later use;
4) after granulation, the waste and large granular coke are mixed together and enter a plasma furnace for treatment;
5) And finally, producing an end product: synthesis gas, vitreous slag and valuable metal alloy.
When the metal content in the material with high toxicity in the step 1) is particularly high, the valuable metals are recovered by a wet method and then treated by a plasma melting furnace.
And 3) preparing the mixed materials into 0.5-1.0 cm particles.
The waste materials after granulation in the step 4) can also be treated in a plasma furnace together with or high-calorific-value coal.
The material with high toxicity in the step 1) refers to a material containing more chromium and vanadium.
Case one
The method comprises the following steps: 10t of sludge (containing 1.23 percent of Cu, 0.95 percent of Ni and 50.5 percent of water), 2t of waste organic solution, 2t of quartz stone and 3t of calcium oxide are added into a mixing stirrer for stirring for 1 hour, and are conveyed to a bin of a drying granulator through a belt for standby.
Step two: the material bin of the granulator is conveyed into a drying granulator by a packing auger for drying granulation.
Step three: after wet electric dust removal is carried out on gas discharged in the drying and granulating process of the granulator, the dry gas enters a plasma furnace to participate in reaction; the materials are made into 0.5-1.0 cm round particles through a granulator and are conveyed to a plasma furnace bin through a belt.
Step four: when the feeding is started, large-particle coke (or high-heat value coal blocks) and sludge particles enter the plasma melting furnace together for reaction. The addition of large-particle coke (or high-heat value coal) ensures the temperature balance of each point of a high-temperature area in the furnace (the temperature of a reaction area in the furnace is controlled to be 1500 +/-100 ℃), prevents the problem of nonuniform temperature in the furnace caused by the problem of heat transfer generated by a plasma torch, and can reduce the energy consumption (the plasma furnace is an electric device).
Step five: after the completion of the reaction of the sludge particles in the furnace, 8.69t of a vitreous body and 0.3998t of a copper-nickel-containing alloy (containing 15.01% of Cu and 11.17% of Ni) were obtained.
Step six: the gas generated by the plasma melting furnace is recovered after being treated by denitration, desulfurization, smoke dust recovery and the like, and is prepared into synthesis gas for utilization.
Case two
The method comprises the following steps: 10.5t of chromium-containing sludge (containing 0.45 percent of Cr dry basis, 10.05 percent of Fe and 60.5 percent of water), 2t of waste organic solution, 1.8t of quartz stone and 3.2t of calcium oxide are added into a mixing stirrer for stirring for 1h, and the mixture is conveyed to a drying granulator bin through a belt for standby.
Step two: the material bin of the granulator is conveyed into a drying granulator by a packing auger for drying granulation.
Step three: after wet electric dust removal is carried out on gas discharged in the drying and granulating process of the granulator, the dry gas enters a plasma furnace to participate in reaction; the materials are made into 0.5-1.0 cm round particles through a granulator and are conveyed to a plasma furnace bin through a belt.
Step four: when the feeding is started, large-particle coke (or high-heat value coal blocks) and sludge particles enter the plasma melting furnace together for reaction. The addition of large-particle coke (or high-heat value coal) ensures the temperature balance of each point of a high-temperature area in the furnace (the temperature of a reaction area in the furnace is controlled to be 1500 +/-100 ℃), prevents the problem of nonuniform temperature in the furnace caused by the problem of heat transfer generated by a plasma torch, and can reduce the energy consumption (the plasma furnace is an electric device). And simultaneously, Fe and Cr are reduced and combined with Si to form a glass body, so that solidification is finished.
Step five: after the reaction of the sludge particles in the furnace is finished, 7.69t of solidified vitreous body is obtained, 0.105t of metal-containing alloy (almost without utilization value) is obtained, and almost all heavy metals enter the vitreous body for solidification.
Step six: the gas generated by the plasma melting furnace is recovered after being treated by denitration, desulfurization, smoke dust recovery and the like, and is prepared into synthesis gas for utilization.
Case three
The method comprises the following steps: adding 5.5t of metal-containing waste catalyst (containing 2.15% of Mo in dry basis), 1.8t of waste organic solution, 0.8t of quartz stone and 3.2t of calcium oxide into a mixing stirrer, stirring for 1h, and conveying to a drying granulator bin through a belt for later use.
Step two: the material bin of the granulator is conveyed into a drying granulator by a packing auger for drying granulation.
Step three: after wet electric dust removal is carried out on gas discharged in the drying and granulating process of the granulator, the dry gas enters a plasma furnace to participate in reaction; the materials are made into 0.5-1.0 cm round particles through a granulator and are conveyed to a plasma furnace bin through a belt.
Step four: when the feeding is started, large-particle coke (or high-heat value coal blocks) and sludge particles enter the plasma melting furnace together for reaction. The addition of large-particle coke (or high-calorific-value coal briquette) ensures the temperature balance of each point of a high-temperature area in the furnace (the temperature of a reaction area in the furnace is controlled to be 1500 +/-100 ℃), prevents the problem of nonuniform temperature in the furnace caused by the problem of heat transfer generated by a plasma torch, and can reduce the energy consumption (the plasma furnace is an electric device).
Step five: after the reaction of the sludge particles in the furnace is completed, 8.86t of solidified vitreous body is obtained, 0.440t (Mo: 25.50%) of metal-containing alloy is obtained, and almost all heavy metals enter the vitreous body for solidification.
Step six: the gas generated by the plasma melting furnace is recovered after being treated by denitration, desulfurization, smoke dust recovery and the like, and is prepared into synthesis gas for utilization.
Claims (5)
1. A method for treating hazardous waste by a plasma gasification melting furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) storing materials containing copper, nickel and precious metals; storing the material with high toxicity; the waste catalyst is stored independently according to the metal characteristics; independently storing the waste organic solvent;
2) mixing the materials stored in the step 1);
3) carrying out low-temperature dehydration granulation after mixing, dedusting and purifying dehydrated gas by using a wet electric dust collector, and allowing the dried gas to participate in plasma furnace treatment; making the mixed materials into small particles for later use;
4) after granulation, the waste and large granular coke are mixed together and enter a plasma furnace for treatment;
5) and finally, producing an end product: synthesis gas, vitreous slag and valuable metal alloy.
2. The plasma gasification melting furnace hazardous waste treatment method of claim 1, characterized in that: when the metal content in the material with high toxicity in the step 1) is particularly high, the valuable metals are recovered by a wet method and then treated by a plasma melting furnace.
3. The plasma gasification melting furnace hazardous waste treatment method of claim 1, characterized in that: and 3) preparing the mixed materials into 0.5-1.0 cm particles.
4. The plasma gasification melting furnace hazardous waste treatment method of claim 1, characterized in that: the waste materials after granulation in the step 4) can also be treated in a plasma furnace together with or high-calorific-value coal.
5. The plasma gasification melting furnace hazardous waste treatment method of claim 1, characterized in that: the material with high toxicity in the step 1) refers to a material containing more chromium and vanadium.
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| CN202010631511.9A CN111853817A (en) | 2020-07-03 | 2020-07-03 | Method for treating hazardous waste by using plasma gasification melting furnace |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108080391A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-29 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Waste treatment systems and methods |
| CN108380642A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-08-10 | 浙江申联环保集团有限公司 | A kind of melting method of disposal of hazardous waste |
| CN108411113A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-08-17 | 浙江申联环保集团有限公司 | A kind of resource regeneration method of hazardous waste |
| CN109652653A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-19 | 广州叶林环保科技有限公司 | A kind of inorganic dangerous waste system process |
| CN110486731A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-11-22 | 山东欧卡环保工程有限公司 | Solid and liquid dangerous waste plasma cracking and vitrifying processing equipment and method |
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2020
- 2020-07-03 CN CN202010631511.9A patent/CN111853817A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108080391A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-29 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Waste treatment systems and methods |
| CN108380642A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-08-10 | 浙江申联环保集团有限公司 | A kind of melting method of disposal of hazardous waste |
| CN108411113A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-08-17 | 浙江申联环保集团有限公司 | A kind of resource regeneration method of hazardous waste |
| CN109652653A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-19 | 广州叶林环保科技有限公司 | A kind of inorganic dangerous waste system process |
| CN110486731A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-11-22 | 山东欧卡环保工程有限公司 | Solid and liquid dangerous waste plasma cracking and vitrifying processing equipment and method |
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Application publication date: 20201030 |