CN111839655A - A multi-level guide positioning type electric bone drill - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage guiding and positioning type electric bone drill which comprises a bone drill shell, wherein a driving mechanism and a transmission mechanism which are connected are arranged in the bone drill shell, the transmission mechanism is connected with a positioning and clamping mechanism which extends out of the front end of the bone drill shell and is used for centering and clamping a Kirschner wire, and a multi-stage positioning mechanism which is used for centering the Kirschner wires with different diameters is arranged at the rear end of the bone drill shell in a penetrating manner. The multistage positioning mechanism can realize the centering of the Kirschner wires with various diameters of 0.5-4 mm, so that the corresponding positioning and clamping mechanism does not need to be frequently replaced, the operation steps are reduced, and the use is convenient. The multi-stage guiding and positioning type electric bone drill has the advantages of simple connection among the mechanisms, easy disassembly and assembly and convenient use and can carry out all-dimensional disinfection on the bone drill.

Description

A multi-level guide positioning type electric bone drill

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a multi-stage guiding and positioning type electric bone drill.

Background technique

A Kirschner wire is a stainless steel needle that connects broken bones. In orthopedic surgery, Kirschner wires are commonly used as internal fixation materials for fracture fixation. As an auxiliary tool for K-wires, electric bone drills are often used for surgical treatments such as drilling the patient's bones. When the Kirschner wire is used, it is clamped by an electric bone drill and drilled into the bone by high-speed rotation.

With the wide application of K-wires, K-wires have developed needle bodies with various diameters ranging from 0.5mm to 4mm. When in use, in order to make the drill chuck more tightly clamped, it is usually necessary to replace the drill chuck according to the corresponding diameter, thereby increasing the steps in the operation process and making the operation process more complicated. Moreover, in the prior art, the clamping process of the drill chuck is very prone to eccentricity, which increases the drilling resistance, enlarges the drilling hole, and even causes the K-wires to break in severe cases. In addition, since the rear end of the K-wire is not clamped and not fixed, it is easy to shake when rotating at high speed, which is easy to cause plastic deformation such as bending before the K-wire is working, and also makes the drilling process unstable. Difference. Due to the complex structure of the existing electric bone drill, it is difficult to disassemble and completely sterilize, which increases the risk of infection for patients.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a guide and positioning type electric bone drill that is suitable for needle bodies of various diameters, has high concentricity, is reliable in clamping, has stable structure, is easy to disassemble, and is easy to maintain. .

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A multi-stage guiding and positioning type electric bone drill, comprising a bone drill casing, wherein a connected driving mechanism and a transmission mechanism are arranged in the bone drill casing, and the transmission mechanism is connected with a A positioning and clamping mechanism for centering and clamping K-wires with different diameters, the rear end of the bone drill casing is provided with a multi-stage positioning mechanism for centering K-wires with different diameters.

In the above-mentioned multi-stage guiding and positioning type electric bone drill, preferably, the multi-stage positioning mechanism includes a centering sleeve, a multi-stage centering ring and a multi-stage installation block, and the centering sleeve is fixedly mounted on the bone drill housing. At the rear end, the multi-stage centering ring is coaxial with the centering sleeve and is fixedly mounted on the front end of the centering sleeve, and the multi-stage mounting block is coaxial with the centering sleeve and slidably installed at the rear end of the centering sleeve .

In the above-mentioned multi-stage guiding and positioning type electric bone drill, preferably, the multi-stage centering ring includes a mounting ring, a rocker, a connecting rod and an elastic member, and the rocker is arranged on the inner side of the mounting ring along the axial direction of the mounting ring. One end of the connecting rod is hinged with the middle of the rocker along the radial direction of the mounting ring, and the other end is slidably mounted on the mounting ring. The mounting ring is circumferentially distributed with a plurality of assemblies of the connecting rod and the rocker, and the elastic piece is arranged on the rocker. Between the plate and the mounting ring, the inner ring formed by the rocker is conical, the large opening of the inner ring faces the multi-stage mounting block, and the small opening faces the positioning and clamping mechanism.

In the above-mentioned multi-level guiding and positioning type electric bone drill, preferably, the multi-level mounting block is provided with a plurality of positioning and mounting holes coaxial with the multi-level mounting block and corresponding to K-wires of different diameters, and each positioning and mounting hole is coaxial. And arranged in sequence on the multi-level installation block.

In the above-mentioned multi-stage guiding and positioning type electric bone drill, preferably, the centering sleeve is provided with a needle port, the centering sleeve is provided with a chute, and the chute is provided with a device for opening and closing the Transparent cover for the needle port.

In the above-mentioned multi-stage guiding and positioning type electric bone drill, preferably, the K-wire is engraved with a base line for observing the contact between the K-wire and the positioning and installation hole from the transparent cover plate.

In the above-mentioned multi-stage guiding and positioning type electric bone drill, preferably, the end of the centering sleeve is covered with a rotating sleeve, the rotating sleeve is equipped with a push rod connected with the multi-stage installation block, and the front end of the rotating sleeve is provided with a rotating sleeve. There is a circumferential scale, an axial scale is arranged on the centering sleeve, and both the circumferential scale and the base line have a scale corresponding relationship with the axial scale.

In the above-mentioned multi-stage guiding and positioning type electric bone drill, preferably, the positioning and clamping mechanism includes a multi-lobed collet, a conical nut and a centering base shaft, and the centering base shaft is provided with a K-wire fixer. The centering base shaft is arranged at the front end of the bone drill shell and is connected with the transmission mechanism, the multi-lobed collet is sleeved on the centering base shaft, and the conical nut is connected to the centering base shaft. The base shaft is threadedly connected and drives the multi-lobed collet to clamp the base shaft and clamp the K-wire.

In the above-mentioned multi-stage guiding and positioning type electric bone drill, preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a worm, a turbine, a bearing, a set screw and a hollow transmission shaft, the worm is connected to the driving end of the driving mechanism, and the turbine and the worm are mutually connected. meshing, the rear end of the hollow transmission shaft is connected with the turbine, the positioning and clamping mechanism is sleeved on the front end of the hollow transmission shaft, and the set screw connects the hollow transmission shaft with the positioning and clamping mechanism along the radial direction of the hollow transmission shaft, so The bearing inner ring is fixedly mounted on the hollow transmission shaft, and the bearing outer ring is fixedly mounted in the bone drill housing.

In the above-mentioned multi-level guiding and positioning type electric bone drill, preferably, the driving mechanism includes a motor, a battery and a button, the motor is connected to the battery and is arranged in the bone drill housing, and the driving end of the motor is connected to the transmission mechanism, The button is arranged at the rear end of the bone drill housing.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

A guiding and positioning type electric bone drill of the present invention has a positioning and clamping mechanism protruding from the front end of the bone drill housing for centering and clamping the K-wires, and the positioning and clamping mechanism has better performance on the K-wires. The centering function of the device changes the line contact of the previous clamping contact part to the surface contact to prevent the surface of the Kirschner wire from being crushed, and the clamping is more stable. The rear end of the bone drill shell is provided with a guiding and positioning mechanism for guiding and centering the Kirschner wire. Align the axes of the holding mechanism to avoid shaking or deformation of the K-wires during operation due to the eccentric distance during installation. The mechanism of the invention is simple in connection, simple in disassembly, assembly and restoration, and convenient for all-round sterilization of the bone drill after use. The invention also has the advantages of convenient operation, safety and reliability, simple maintenance, ingenious design and easy manufacture.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a multi-level guide and positioning type electric bone drill.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a multi-stage guide and positioning type electric bone drill.

Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional enlarged structural schematic diagram of a multi-stage guide positioning type electric bone drill

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the internal parts of the multi-stage guide and positioning type electric bone drill.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the Kirschner wire.

FIG. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a multi-stage mounting block.

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a multi-stage mounting block.

FIG. 8 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a multi-stage centering ring.

FIG. 9 is a schematic side view of the structure of the multi-stage centering ring.

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a multi-stage centering ring.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the positioning and clamping mechanism.

illustration:

1. Bone drill housing; 2. Driving mechanism; 21. Motor; 22. Battery; 23. Button; 3. Transmission mechanism; 31. Worm; 32. Turbine; 33. Bearing; 34. Set screw; 35. Hollow Transmission shaft; 4. Kirschner wire; 41. Base line; 5. Positioning and clamping mechanism; 51. Multi-lobed chuck; 52. Conical nut; 53. Centering base shaft; 531. Conical centering hole; 6. Multi-stage positioning mechanism; 61, Centering sleeve; 611, Needle placement; 612, Chute; 613, Transparent cover plate; 614, Axial scale; 62, Multi-stage centering ring; 621, Mounting ring; 622, rocker; 623, connecting rod; 624, elastic piece; 63, multi-stage mounting block; 631, positioning mounting hole; 7, turning sleeve; 71, circumferential scale; 8, push rod.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 11 , the multi-stage guiding and positioning type electric bone drill of this embodiment includes a bone drill housing 1 , and a driving mechanism 2 and a transmission mechanism 3 are connected in the bone drill housing 1 . The transmission mechanism 3 A positioning and clamping mechanism 5 extending from the front end of the bone drill housing 1 for centering and clamping K-wires 4 of different diameters is connected. The clamping action makes it difficult for the clamping of the K-wire 4 to generate eccentricity relative to the rotation center. The rear end of the bone drill housing 1 is provided with a multi-stage positioning mechanism 6 for centering K-wires 4 with different diameters. The multi-stage positioning mechanism 6 can realize the centering of K-wires 4 with various diameters of 0.5mm-4mm, so that the corresponding positioning and clamping mechanism 5 does not need to be replaced frequently, the operation steps are reduced, and the use is convenient.

In this embodiment, the multi-stage positioning mechanism 6 includes a centering sleeve 61, a multi-stage centering ring 62 and a multi-stage mounting block 63. The centering sleeve 61 is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the bone drill housing 1, and the multi-stage centering The ring 62 is coaxial with the centering sleeve 61 and is fixedly installed at the front end of the centering sleeve 61 , and the multi-stage mounting block 63 is coaxial with the centering sleeve 61 and is slidably installed at the rear end of the centering sleeve 61 . The centering sleeve 61 is installed on the bone drill housing 1 in a fixed manner, which is beneficial to ensure the coaxiality of the centering sleeve 61 and the positioning and clamping mechanism 5 and avoid eccentricity. The cooperation of the multi-stage centering ring 62 and the multi-stage mounting block 63 can keep the K-wire 4 at a high degree of coaxiality and reduce the radial runout generated when the K-wire 4 rotates.

In this embodiment, the multi-stage centering ring 62 includes a mounting ring 621 , a rocking plate 622 , a connecting rod 623 and an elastic member 624 . The rocking plate 622 is axially arranged on the inner side of the mounting ring 621 along the mounting ring 621 , and the connecting rod 623 is along the mounting ring 621 . One end of the 621 in the radial direction is hinged with the middle of the rocker 622 , and the other end is slidably mounted on the mounting ring 621 . Between the mounting rings 621 , the inner ring formed by the rocker 622 is tapered. A plurality of connecting rods 623 and rocker 622 assemblies are evenly distributed around the mounting ring 621 . Before installation, the inner ring composed of a plurality of rockers 622 is tapered, and the large opening of the inner ring faces the multi-stage installation block 63 , that is, towards the insertion direction of the K-wire 4 , which plays a guiding role in the installation process of the K-wire 4 . The K-wire 4 is held tightly by the elastic force provided by the elastic member 624 to realize the positioning of the K-wire 4 . Since the elastic forces provided by the elastic members 624 are of the same magnitude and the directions are all directed towards the center of the circle of the mounting ring 621 , the centering of the K-wire 4 can be achieved.

In this embodiment, the multi-stage installation block 63 is provided with a plurality of positioning and installation holes 631 coaxial with the multi-stage installation block 63 and corresponding to K-wires 4 of different diameters. Each positioning and installation hole 631 is coaxial and sequentially arranged in the multi-stage Mounting block 63. The positioning and mounting holes 631 are sequentially provided with positioning and mounting holes 631 with various diameters of 0.5 mm to 4 mm, and the Kirschner wire 4 can be mounted on the multi-stage mounting block 63 according to the corresponding hole diameters.

In this embodiment, a needle setting port 611 is opened on the centering sleeve 61 , a sliding slot 612 is arranged in the centering sleeve 61 , and a transparent cover 613 for opening and closing the needle setting port 611 is installed in the sliding groove 612 . The needle setting port 611 facilitates the smooth installation of the K-wire 4 on the multi-stage mounting block 63 . The transparent cover 613 can be used to observe the installation of the K-wire 4 in the centering sleeve 61, and can also play a role in isolating the environment in the centering sleeve 61 from the external environment, preventing dust and bacteria from entering the centering sleeve 61 inside.

In this embodiment, the Kirschner wire 4 is engraved with a base line 41 for observing from the transparent cover plate 613 that the Kirschner wire 4 abuts against the positioning and mounting hole 631 . The base line 41 is used to determine whether the K-wire 4 is installed in place. When the K-wire 4 is installed at the bottom of the corresponding positioning mounting hole 631 , the base line 41 is aligned with the contour line of the end surface of the multi-stage mounting block 63 .

In this embodiment, the end of the centering sleeve 61 is fitted with a rotating sleeve 7, and the rotating sleeve 7 is equipped with a push rod 8 connected with the multi-stage mounting block 63. The front end of the rotating sleeve 7 is provided with a circumferential scale 71. The centering sleeve The tube 61 is provided with an axial scale 614 , and both the circumferential scale 71 and the base line 41 have a scale corresponding relationship with the axial scale 614 . By rotating the rotary sleeve 7 , the push rod 8 is driven, and the push rod 8 further pushes the multi-stage mounting block 63 , so that the multi-stage mounting block 63 pushes the K-wire 4 . The circumferential scale 71 provided on the rotating sleeve 7 corresponds to the axial scale 614 provided on the centering sleeve 61, which can visualize the feeding amount of the K-wire 4 each time, which is convenient for the operator to control accurately and also facilitate the electric motor The operation of bone drills is standardized.

In this embodiment, the positioning and clamping mechanism 5 includes a multi-lobed collet 51 , a conical nut 52 and a centering base shaft 53 , and the centering base shaft 53 is provided with a conical centering hole for centering the K-wire 4 531, the centering base shaft 53 is arranged at the front end of the bone drill housing 1 and is connected with the transmission mechanism 3, the multi-lobed collet 51 is sleeved on the centering base shaft 53, and the conical nut 52 is threadedly connected to the centering base shaft 53. Drive the multi-lobed collet 51 to push the centering base shaft 53 and clamp the K-wire 4 . When the K-wire 4 is installed on the multi-stage mounting block 63 and pushed forward, the tapered centering hole 531 plays a guiding role for the K-wire 4, so that the K-wire 4 is closer to the rotation of the positioning and clamping mechanism 5 center. The centering base shaft 53 is connected with the transmission mechanism 3 , and the centering base shaft 53 is driven to rotate by the transmission mechanism 3 . The conical nut 52 is threadedly connected with the centering base shaft 53, and the conical nut 52 and the centering base shaft 53 squeeze the multi-lobed collet 51 together, forcing the multi-lobed collet 51 to hold the K-wire 4 tightly. The method changes the line contact of the previous clamping contact part to the surface contact to prevent the surface of the K-wire from being crushed, and at the same time, the clamping is more stable. Moreover, due to the co-extrusion effect, the multi-valve collet 51 has a better centering function.

In this embodiment, the transmission mechanism 3 includes a worm 31, a turbine 32, a bearing 33, a set screw 34 and a hollow transmission shaft 35. The worm 31 is connected to the driving end of the driving mechanism 2, the turbine 32 and the worm 31 are meshed with each other, and the hollow transmission shaft The rear end of 35 is connected to the turbine 32, the positioning and clamping mechanism 5 is sleeved on the front end of the hollow transmission shaft 35, the set screw 34 connects the hollow transmission shaft 35 with the positioning and clamping mechanism 5 along the radial direction of the hollow transmission shaft 35, and the inner ring of the bearing 33 It is fixedly mounted on the hollow drive shaft 35 , and the outer ring of the bearing 33 is fixedly mounted in the bone drill housing 1 . The transmission mechanism 3 adopts a worm gear mechanism, which can convert the high rotational speed of the driving mechanism 2 to a low rotational speed suitable for bone drills, and the worm gear mechanism cooperates closely, which is not easy to generate vibration and noise, so that the operation of the transmission mechanism 3 is more stable. The bearing 33 is used to support the rotation of the hollow transmission shaft 35 . The set screw 34 is used to connect the hollow transmission shaft 35 and the positioning and clamping mechanism 5 , and transmit the torque of the hollow transmission shaft 35 to the positioning and clamping mechanism 5 .

In this embodiment, the driving mechanism 2 includes a motor 21, a battery 22 and a button 23. The motor 21 is connected to the battery 22 and is arranged in the bone drill housing 1. The driving end of the motor 21 is connected to the transmission mechanism 3, and the button 23 is arranged on the bone drill. The rear end of the drill housing 1 has a more ergonomic design, and the pressing direction of the button 23 is the same as the feeding direction of the bone drill, which makes it easier for the operator to control and save labor.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For those skilled in the art, improvements and transformations obtained without departing from the technical concept of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an electronic bone drill of multistage guiding orientation type which characterized in that: including bone drill casing (1), be equipped with continuous actuating mechanism (2) and drive mechanism (3) in bone drill casing (1), drive mechanism (3) are connected with and are used for centering and the location fixture (5) of centre gripping to different diameter kirschner wires (4) from bone drill casing (1) front end stretches out, bone drill casing (1) rear end is worn to be equipped with and is used for centering multistage positioning mechanism (6) to different diameter kirschner wires (4).

2. The multi-stage guided positioning type electric bone drill according to claim 1, wherein: the multi-stage positioning mechanism (6) comprises a centering sleeve (61), a multi-stage centering ring (62) and a multi-stage mounting block (63), the centering sleeve (61) is fixedly mounted at the rear end of the bone drill shell (1), the multi-stage centering ring (62) and the centering sleeve (61) are coaxial and fixedly mounted at the front end of the centering sleeve (61), and the multi-stage mounting block (63) and the centering sleeve (61) are coaxial and slidably mounted at the rear end of the centering sleeve (61).

3. The multi-stage guided positioning type electric bone drill according to claim 2, wherein: multistage centering ring (62) includes collar (621), wane (622), connecting rod (623) and elastic component (624), collar (621) inboard is located along collar (621) axial in collar (622), connecting rod (623) are articulated along collar (621) radial direction one end and wane (622) middle part, and other end sliding fit is on collar (621), the sub-assembly of a plurality of connecting rods (623) of circumference equipartition and wane (622) on collar (621), elastic component (624) are located between collar (622) and collar (621) and are the toper to the inner circle that makes wane (622) constitute, the inner circle macrostoma is towards multistage installation piece (63), osculum orientation location fixture (5).

4. The multi-stage guided positioning type electric bone drill according to claim 2, wherein: the multistage mounting block (63) is provided with a plurality of positioning mounting holes (631) which are coaxial with the multistage mounting block (63) and correspond to the Kirschner wires (4) with different diameters, and the positioning mounting holes (631) are coaxial and are sequentially arranged on the multistage mounting block (63).

5. The multi-stage guided positioning type electric bone drill according to claim 4, wherein: the centering sleeve (61) is provided with a needle placing opening (611), a sliding groove (612) is arranged in the centering sleeve (61), and a transparent cover plate (613) used for opening and closing the needle placing opening (611) is arranged in the sliding groove (612).

6. The multi-stage guided positioning type electric bone drill according to claim 5, wherein: and a base line (41) for observing that the Kirschner wire (4) abuts against the positioning installation hole (631) from the transparent cover plate (613) is carved on the Kirschner wire (4).

7. The multi-stage guided positioning type electric bone drill according to claim 6, wherein: the end cover of centering sleeve pipe (61) is equipped with changes cover (7), it installs push rod (8) of being connected with multistage installation piece (63) to change cover (7) built-in, it is equipped with circumference scale (71) to change cover (7) front end portion, be equipped with axial scale (614) on centering sleeve pipe (61), there is the scale corresponding relation in circumference scale (71) and basic line (41) and axial scale (614).

8. The multi-stage guided locate mode electric bone drill according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein: location fixture (5) are including multilobe chuck (51), conical nut (52) and centering basic shaft (53), be equipped with in centering basic shaft (53) and be connected with drive mechanism (3) to the tapered centering hole (531) of kirschner wire (4) centering, centering basic shaft (53) set up at bone drill casing (1) front end, multilobe chuck (51) suit is on centering basic shaft (53), conical nut (52) and centering basic shaft (53) threaded connection drive multilobe chuck (51) top tight centering basic shaft (53) and press from both sides tight kirschner wire (4).

9. The multi-stage guided locate mode electric bone drill according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein: drive mechanism (3) include worm (31), worm wheel (32), bearing (33), holding screw (34) and hollow transmission shaft (35), worm (31) are connected in the drive end of actuating mechanism (2), worm wheel (32) and worm wheel (31) intermeshing, hollow transmission shaft (35) rear end is connected with worm wheel (32), location fixture (5) suit is at hollow transmission shaft (35) front end, holding screw (34) are connected hollow transmission shaft (35) and location fixture (5) along hollow transmission shaft (35) radial direction, bearing (33) inner circle is adorned admittedly on hollow transmission shaft (35), bearing (33) outer lane is adorned admittedly in bone drill casing (1).

10. The multi-stage guided locate mode electric bone drill according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein: actuating mechanism (2) include motor (21), battery (22) and button (23), motor (21) are connected and all locate bone drill casing (1) with battery (22), motor (21) drive end is connected with drive mechanism (3), bone drill casing (1) rear end is located in button (23).

Images