CN111820050A - A kind of traditional Chinese medicine seedling bed and method for raising seedlings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of planting of Chinese medicinal materials, and particularly relates to a Chinese medicinal seedling bed and a seedling raising method. Including planting of shade plants, preparation of seedbeds, sowing, post-sowing management, and seedling emergence. Through the design of the nursery bed to achieve the functions of water storage and fertilizer, the seedlings can absorb water and nutrients from the nursery bed according to their own needs, and the most important thing is to inhibit the occurrence of seedling root diseases. Shading plants can be planted without the use of shading nets during seedling raising, which avoids the construction of shading nets and the labor and labor of dismantling them after emergence, which reduces the planting cost, and the plant can also play a role in overwintering seedlings after the ground part of the plant withers in winter. Insulation, improve the survival rate of seedlings. When transplanting traditional Chinese medicine seedlings, the seedlings can be collected by opening the nursery bed to reduce the damage of traditional Chinese medicine seedlings due to manual excavation. The invention has the advantages of reducing the incidence of root rot of traditional Chinese medicine seedlings, increasing the emergence rate, reducing labor and labor, and reducing the cost of raising seedlings.

Description

A kind of traditional Chinese medicine seedling bed and method for raising seedlings

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of planting of Chinese medicinal materials, in particular to a Chinese medicinal seedling bed and a seedling raising method.

Background technique

Chinese medicine seedling raising technology is a key technology in the cultivation of medicinal materials, which has a significant impact on the yield and quality of medicinal materials. At present, most traditional Chinese medicines are seeded in the field by sowing or drilling. After sowing, grass or straw are laid to cover moisture. Due to the uncontrollable conditions of water and fertilizer, the soil is easy to harden when it is dry, and the water from the roots cannot be discharged when the water is sufficient. On the one hand, poor soil ventilation will hinder the growth and development of seedling roots, and there is a general problem of low seedling emergence rate. On the other hand, root rot caused by fungi is very easy to occur due to the long-term accumulation of water in the roots, which seriously affects the quality and yield of traditional Chinese medicine seedlings. After emergence, most Chinese medicine seedlings are afraid of the sun and prefer shade. Now, shading nets are usually used for seedling cultivation. Labor and labor such as construction and dismantling of shading nets are required, which has become a factor that increases the cost of Chinese medicine seedlings. At the same time, the fertility of the field soil supply for seedlings is low, the seedlings do not grow vigorously, and the growth points of the shoot tips are often frozen to death or eaten by small animals during the winter. damaged.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the above traditional Chinese medicine seedling raising, and provide a traditional Chinese medicine seedling raising method that can reduce the incidence of root rot of Chinese medicine seedlings, increase the emergence rate, reduce labor and reduce the cost of raising seedlings.

For achieving the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A traditional Chinese medicine seedling bed, comprising a rectangular bed body and a baffle plate with three sides integrated, gauze nets are arranged on both sides of the rectangular bed body to facilitate drainage when water is too much; The vertical edges are provided with baffles, and the baffles are inserted into the empty surface of the rectangular bed body through the baffles to form a rectangular seedling bed.

The present invention uses the above-mentioned traditional Chinese medicine seedling bed to carry out the method for raising seedlings, and specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) Site selection and preparation: The seedling bed is selected in a field with deep soil layer, good ventilation and light transmission, and good drainage. The first crop is selected from traditional Chinese medicine or crops that are not used as medicine at the root; the north-south direction is selected according to the wind direction, and the digging width is 17cm. , a trapezoidal pit with a depth of 25cm, an inclination of about 15 degrees around, and the length according to the actual situation, and the distance between the pits is 25-30cm;

(2) Planting of shade crops: first plant shade crops around the nursery bed with a spacing of 8-10cm. Within one and a half months after the emergence of traditional Chinese medicine seeds, rely on shade crops to shade the sun to avoid direct sunlight, and then shorten the shade crops to facilitate the lighting of Chinese medicine seedlings; after the above-ground stems and leaves of the shade crops wither in late autumn and early winter, directly cover the seedbed;

Wherein, the shade crops are sown on both sides of the pit from May to June; the seedling beds are planted at a staggered distance from the shade crops, specifically, the distance between the first shade crop on the left side of the seedling bed and the seedling bed is 2cm, and the second shade crop is 2 cm away from the seedling bed. The distance between the seedling bed is 10cm, the distance between the third shade crop and the seedling bed is 2cm, and the distance between the fourth shade crop and the seedling bed is 10cm; the distance between the first shade crop and the seedling bed on the right side of the seedling bed is 10cm, and the distance between the second shade crop and the seedling bed is 10cm. The bed spacing is 2cm, the distance between the third shade crop and the nursery bed is 10cm, the distance between the fourth shade crop and the nursery bed is 2cm, the row spacing between the first shade crop and the second shade crop is 20cm, and so on;

(3) preparation before raising seedlings: adding the compound bacterial agent of total weight 3～4% in the stems and leaves of fresh traditional Chinese medicines sterilized by ultraviolet irradiation, after fermenting for 20 days under the condition of 35 DEG C, obtain the fermented stems and leaves for subsequent use; The nursery bed is placed in the soil, and a layer of fermentation stems and leaves with a thickness of 5cm are laid on the bottom of each nursery bed placed in the soil; the nutrient soil with a thickness of 15cm is then laid on the fermentation stems and leaves; the nursery bed is The nutrient soil is subjected to conventional disinfection and sterilization treatment;

(4) Sowing: The sowing period of traditional Chinese medicine seeds is generally from May to July. The traditional Chinese medicine seeds are sown in the nursery bed by broadcasting, and covered with 1cm dried, broken and ultraviolet sterilized Scutellaria baicalensis stems and leaves for bacteriostasis. , moisturizing; the sowing date of shading crops for shading is 25 to 35 days earlier than the sowing of traditional Chinese medicine seeds;

(5) Post-sowing management: Water and fertilizer management is carried out according to the weather and the dryness and wetness of the nursery bed. Generally, 20 days after sowing, the traditional Chinese medicine will emerge, and water will be carried out when the soil surface of the nursery bed dries; When the height is 5cm, the shading crop plants are shortened so that they do not affect the lighting of Chinese medicine seedlings;

(6) Winter management: After the above-ground stems and leaves of the shade crops wither in October, the seedbed can be covered directly after harvesting, which can prevent frostbite on the growth points of the shoot tips or the seedlings being eaten by small animals during the wintering of the seedlings.

(7) Raising seedlings: From March to May of the following year, dig out the seedling bed from the soil in time, and open the baffle (2) on one side of the seedling bed. Since the bottom of the seedling bed is fermented stems and leaves, traditional Chinese medicine can be removed The seedlings are not damaged, and the seedlings can be transplanted into the field at the same time.

In a further preferred mode of the above technical solution, the width of the seedling bed is 15cm, the length is 30cm, and the depth is 25cm.

In a further preferred mode of the above technical solution, the compound bacterial agent described in the step (3) is a mixture of Trichoderma longbranchus, Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma viride in a ratio of 1:0.5:1.5.

A further preferred mode of the above technical scheme, the above-ground stems and leaves of the traditional Chinese medicine described in the step (3) are the fresh stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis, Codonopsis Radix, Bupleurum Radix and Astragalus Radix after ultraviolet sterilization, and the mass ratio is 0.5～1:0.5 ～1:1:0.5～1 ratio of mixed stems and leaves; among them, the aerial parts of Scutellaria baicalensis and Bupleurum are cut into 1cm pieces, the stems and leaves of Codonopsis are cut into 1.5cm pieces, and the stems and leaves of Astragalus are cut into 0.5cm pieces small paragraphs.

In a further preferred mode of the above technical solution, the nutrient soil described in the step (3) is obtained by sieving the decomposed sheep manure and mixing it according to the volume ratio of field soil: sheep manure=7:1.

In a further preferred mode of the above technical solution, the shade crop described in step (2) is tartary buckwheat or broad bean.

Compared with the existing seedling raising technology, the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) The lower layer of the seedling layer is the fermented stems and leaves of traditional Chinese medicines, which have the following functions: ①After the microorganisms are fermented, the cellulose in the stems, leaves, and the like can be decomposed into nutrients that can be used by the seedlings. ②The fermented traditional Chinese medicine stems and leaves and microbial strains used in the nursery bed have the effect of inhibiting the occurrence of seedling root rot. ③ It can regulate the water and fertilizer of the nursery bed and reduce the occurrence of root rot caused by poor drainage. ④ The seedlings can be easily separated from the nursery bed when the seedlings are raised, and the seedlings will not be damaged.

(2) the lower part of the nursery bed is the fermented Chinese medicine stem and leaf, and the dry powder after drying and pulverizing of Scutellaria baicalensis is covered on the top, and most of the aboveground parts of the traditional Chinese medicine are wastes in agricultural production, and the aboveground parts of the traditional Chinese medicine are used for the purpose of reuse in the present invention.

(3) Chinese medicine seedlings are afraid of the sun and prefer shade. The shade crops planted on both sides of the nursery bed can not only play the role of shade, but also the shade crops such as broad beans can fix nitrogen and increase soil fertility. After the frost in October, the aboveground part of the sunshade crops can be kept warm for the traditional Chinese medicine seedlings.

(4) The design of the seedling bed in the present invention is an isolation design close to both sides of the shading crop, so there is no situation where the shading crop and the Chinese medicine seedlings compete for soil water and fertilizer. At the same time, the front and back sides of the nursery bed are designed with gauze, which is mainly used for drainage when there is too much water in the nursery bed.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of traditional Chinese medicine seedling bed of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1 .

Detailed ways

Example 1

Codonopsis seedlings

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a traditional Chinese medicine seedling bed includes a rectangular bed body 1 and a baffle plate 2 that are integrated on three sides, and gauze 3 is provided on both sides of the rectangular bed body 1, which is convenient for watering too much. Drainage; baffles 4 are provided on one side and two vertical edges of the empty surface of the bed body 1, and the baffles 2 are inserted into the empty surface of the rectangular bed body 1 through the baffles 4 to form a rectangular seedling bed.

The present embodiment uses the above-mentioned Chinese medicine seedling bed to carry out the method for Codonopsis radix seedlings, specifically comprising the following steps:

(1) Site selection and preparation: The seedling bed is selected in a field with deep soil layer, good ventilation and light transmission, and good drainage, and the first stubble crop is selected from grass crops such as corn; A trapezoidal pit with an inclination of about 15 degrees around and the length according to the actual situation, and the distance between the pits is 25cm;

(2) Planting of shade crops: first plant broad beans around the nursery bed, with a plant spacing of 8-10cm, seedlings can emerge within 15 days of sowing, and buds and branches can be achieved within 30 days to achieve shade. Within one and a half months after the emergence of Lu Codonopsis seeds, rely on broad bean plants to shade the sun to avoid direct sunlight, and then shorten the broad beans to facilitate the lighting of Codonopsis seedlings; after the aerial stems and leaves of broad beans wither in late autumn and early winter, directly cover the seedbed;

(3) Preparation before raising seedlings: adding 3.5% of the compound bacterial agent by total weight to the above-ground stems and leaves of fresh traditional Chinese medicine sterilized by ultraviolet irradiation, and fermenting at 35°C for 20 days to obtain fermented stems and leaves for later use; Place in soil, lay a layer of fermented stems and leaves with a thickness of 5cm on the bottom of each nursery bed placed in the soil; then lay a layer of nutrient soil with a thickness of 15cm on the fermented stems and leaves; Described nursery beds, nutrients The soil is subjected to conventional disinfection and sterilization treatment; the compound bacterial agent is obtained by mixing Trichoderma longbranchus, Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma viride in a ratio of 1:0.5:1.5. The nutrient soil is obtained by sieving the decomposed sheep manure, and then mixing the field soil with leguminous plants and the decomposed sheep manure in a volume ratio of 7:1. The above-ground stems and leaves of the traditional Chinese medicine are the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis, Codonopsis pilosula, Bupleurum radix and Astragalus that have been sterilized by ultraviolet rays, and the stems and leaves are mixed in a ratio of 1:0.5:1:1 by mass; wherein, Scutellaria baicalensis Cut the aerial parts of and Bupleurum into 1cm pieces, the stems and leaves of Codonopsis Radix into 1.5cm pieces, and the stems and leaves of Astragalus into 0.5cm pieces.

(4) Sowing: The sowing date of Lu Codonopsis is at the beginning of June. The seeds and nutrient soil are mixed evenly in a ratio of 5:1, and the sowing method is sown in the nursery bed. It is covered with 1cm dried, broken and sterilized by ultraviolet rays. The stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis are used for antibacterial and moisturizing; the sowing date of broad bean used for sunshade is 35 days earlier than that of Codonopsis seeds;

(5) Management after sowing: Water and fertilizer management is carried out according to the weather and the dryness and wetness of the nursery bed. 20 days after sowing, Codonopsis pilosula emerges, and watering is performed when the soil surface of the nursery bed is dry; For the first weeding, when the height of the seedlings is 5cm, the second weeding is performed. At this time, the broad bean plant is cut short so that it does not affect the lighting of the Codonopsis pilosula seedlings; When the seedlings are 30 cm high, the fourth weeding is carried out.

(6) Winter management: In early October, after the aboveground stems and leaves of broad bean wither, the seedbed can be covered directly after harvesting, which can prevent frostbite of Codonopsis seedlings.

(7) Raising seedlings: in April of the following year, the seedling bed is dug out from the soil, and the baffle plate 2 on one side of the seedling bed is opened, since the bottom of the seedling bed is fermented stems and leaves, the Chinese medicine seedlings can be raised without damage. Seedlings, while the Lu Codonopsis seedlings can be transplanted into the field.

test results:

The Lu Codonopsis seedlings bred by the seedling raising technology of the invention fundamentally reduce the occurrence of Codonopsis root rot, which is 10.4% lower than that of the traditional seedling raising method, and improves the economic benefit of Lu Codonopsis seedling raising.

Example 2

Bupleurum seedlings

(1) Site selection and preparation: The seedling bed is selected in a field with deep soil layer, good ventilation and light transmission, and good drainage, and the first crop is leguminous; About 15 degrees, the length of the trapezoidal pit depends on the actual situation, and the distance between the pits is 27cm;

(2) Planting of shade crops: first plant broad beans around the nursery bed, with a plant spacing of 8-10cm, seedlings can emerge within 15 days of sowing, and buds and branches can be achieved within 30 days to achieve shade. Within 1 month after the emergence of Bupleurum seeds, rely on broad bean plants to shade, avoid direct sunlight, and then shorten the broad beans to facilitate the lighting of Bupleurum seedlings; at the end of October, after the aerial stems and leaves of broad beans wither, directly cover the seedbed;

(3) Preparation before raising seedlings: adding a composite inoculant of 3% by total weight to the shoots and leaves of fresh Chinese medicines sterilized by ultraviolet irradiation, and fermenting them for 20 days at 35° C. to obtain fermented stems and leaves for later use; Placed in the soil, laying a layer of fermentation stems and leaves with a thickness of 5cm at the bottom of each nursery bed placed in the soil; then laying a layer of nutrient soil with a thickness of 18cm on the fermentation stems and leaves; The soil is subjected to conventional disinfection and sterilization treatment; the compound bacterial agent is obtained by mixing Trichoderma longbranchus, Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma viride in a ratio of 1:0.5:1.5. The nutrient soil is obtained by sieving the decomposed sheep manure, and then mixing the field soil with leguminous plants and the decomposed sheep manure in a volume ratio of 7:1. The above-ground stems and leaves of the traditional Chinese medicine are the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis, Codonopsis pilosula, Bupleurum radix and Astragalus that have been sterilized by ultraviolet rays, and the stems and leaves are mixed in a ratio of 1:1:0.5:1 by mass; wherein, Scutellaria baicalensis Cut the aerial parts of and Bupleurum into 1cm pieces, the stems and leaves of Codonopsis Radix into 1.5cm pieces, and the stems and leaves of Astragalus into 0.5cm pieces.

(4) Sowing: The sowing date of Bupleurum chinensis is the beginning of July. Mix the seeds with the nutrient soil in a ratio of 5:1. The seeds are sown in the nursery bed by the sowing method, and they are covered with 1cm of sun-dried, broken and processed. Scutellaria baicalensis stems and leaves sterilized by ultraviolet rays are used for bacteriostasis and moisturizing; the sowing date of broad bean used for sunshade is 25 days earlier than that of traditional Chinese medicine seeds;

(5) Management after sowing: Water and fertilizer management is carried out according to the weather and the dryness and wetness of the nursery bed. Generally, 15 days after sowing, Bupleurum sprouts emerge, and when the soil surface of the nursery bed is dry, water is carried out to keep the surface of the nursery bed moist; the seedlings grow up After that, you can water less, and pay attention to removing weeds throughout the seedling stage. After the emergence of the seedlings, the first weeding is carried out, and the excess regenerated seedlings are pulled out. When the seedling height is 10cm, the second weeding is carried out. At this time, the broad bean plant is cut short so that it does not affect the lighting of the traditional Chinese medicine seedlings; when the seedling height is 15cm, the third weeding is carried out.

(6) Winter management: At the end of October, after the aboveground stems and leaves of broad bean wither, directly harvest and cover the seedbed, which can prevent frostbite on the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis seedlings.

(7) Raising seedlings: in April of the following year, the seedling bed was dug out from the soil, and the baffle plate 2 on one side of the seedling bed was opened, because the bottom of the seedling bed was fermented stems and leaves, the seedlings of Bupleurum chinensis were not damaged. , and the seedlings can be transplanted into the field at the same time.

test results:

Compared with the traditional seedling raising method, the Bupleurum seedlings bred by the seedling raising technology of the present invention reduce the incidence rate of root rot of the Bupleurum seedlings by 9.2%, and improve the survival rate of the Bupleurum seedlings.

Example 3

Astragalus seedlings

(1) Site selection and preparation: The seedling bed is selected in a field with deep soil layer, good ventilation and light transmission, and good drainage, and the first stubble crop is selected from grass crops; choose the southwest direction, dig 17cm wide, 25cm deep, and slope around. About 15 degrees, the length of the trapezoidal pit depends on the actual situation, and the distance between the pits is 30cm;

(2) Planting of shade crops: First, plant tartary buckwheat around the nursery bed, with a plant spacing of 6cm, seedlings can emerge within 15 days of sowing, and buds and branches can be achieved within 25 days to achieve shade. Scutellaria baicalensis seeds should be shaded by tartary buckwheat plants within 1 month after emergence, and avoid direct sunlight. After that, tartary buckwheat will be shortened to facilitate the lighting of Scutellaria baicalensis seedlings; after the aerial stems and leaves of tartary buckwheat wither at the end of October, the seedbed is directly covered;

(3) Preparation before raising seedlings: adding a composite inoculant of 4% by total weight to the above-ground stems and leaves of fresh traditional Chinese medicines sterilized by ultraviolet irradiation, and fermenting at 35° C. for 20 days to obtain fermented stems and leaves for later use; Placed in the soil, laying a layer of fermentation stems and leaves with a thickness of 5cm at the bottom of each nursery bed placed in the soil; then laying a layer of nutrient soil with a thickness of 20cm on the fermentation stems and leaves; The soil is subjected to conventional disinfection and sterilization treatment; the compound bacterial agent is obtained by mixing Trichoderma longbranchus, Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma viride in a ratio of 1:0.5:1.5. The nutrient soil is obtained by sieving the decomposed sheep manure, and then mixing the field soil with leguminous plants and the decomposed sheep manure in a volume ratio of 7:1. The above-ground stems and leaves of the traditional Chinese medicine are the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis, Codonopsis pilosula, Bupleurum radix and Astragalus that have been sterilized by ultraviolet rays, and the stems and leaves are mixed in a ratio of 1:1:1:0.5 by mass; Cut the aerial parts of and Bupleurum into 1cm pieces, the stems and leaves of Codonopsis Radix into 1.5cm pieces, and the stems and leaves of Astragalus into 0.5cm pieces.

(4) Sowing: The sowing date of Astragalus is in early June, and the seeds are sown in the nursery bed by the sowing method, and the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis that are dried in the sun, smashed and sterilized by ultraviolet rays are covered with 1cm for bacteriostasis and moisturizing; The sowing date of tartary buckwheat in shade is 25 days earlier than the sowing of traditional Chinese medicine seeds;

(5) Management after sowing: Water and fertilizer management is carried out according to the weather and the dryness and wetness of the nursery bed. Astragalus seedlings emerge 10 days after sowing, and water is carried out when the soil surface of the nursery bed is dry to keep the surface of the nursery bed moist; Water, pay attention to removing weeds throughout the seedling stage, weed the first time after emergence, and carry out the second weeding after one month. At this time, truncate the tartary buckwheat plant so that it does not affect the lighting of the astragalus seedlings; When the height is 25cm, carry out the third weeding.

(6) Winter management: In early October, after the stems and leaves of the tartary buckwheat wither on the ground, directly harvest the seedbed and cover it, which can prevent the astragalus seedlings from frostbite.

(7) seedling: in May of the following year, the seedling bed is dug out from the soil, and the baffle plate 2 on one side of the seedling bed is opened, because the bottom of the seedling bed is the fermented stem and leaf, the astragalus seedlings can be raised without damage, At the same time, the seedlings can be transplanted into the field.

test results:

Astragalus seedlings cultivated by the seedling raising technology of the invention, because the fermented leaves at the bottom of the seedling bed inhibit the occurrence of fungal diseases on the roots of astragalus, the incidence of root rot of seedlings is reduced by 12.7%, and the survival rate of astragalus seedlings is greatly improved.

Claims (7)

1. a traditional Chinese medicine seedling bed, is characterized in that: comprise the rectangular bed body (1), baffle plate (2) that three sides are integrated, be provided with gauze (3) on both sides of described rectangular bed body (1), Facilitates drainage when there is too much water; baffles (4) are provided on one side and two vertical edges of the empty surface of the bed body (1), and the baffles (2) are inserted into the rectangular bed through the baffles (4). The empty surface of the body (1) forms a rectangular seedbed. 2. a Chinese medicine seedling raising method is characterized in that, specifically comprises the following steps: (1) Site selection and preparation: The seedling bed is selected in a field with deep soil layer, good ventilation and light transmission, and good drainage. The first crop is selected from traditional Chinese medicine or crops that are not used as medicine at the root; the north-south direction is selected according to the wind direction, and the digging width is 17cm. , a trapezoidal pit with a depth of 25cm, an inclination of about 15 degrees around, and the length according to the actual situation, and the distance between the pits is 25-30cm; (2) Planting of shade crops: first plant shade crops around the nursery bed with a plant spacing of 8 to 10 cm. After 20 days, spread traditional Chinese medicine in the nursery bed, and cover the surface of the traditional Chinese medicine with 1 cm of sterilized dry Scutellaria baicalensis stem and leaf powder; Relying on shade crops for shading within a month and a half to avoid direct sunlight, and then shortening the shade crops is conducive to the lighting of traditional Chinese medicine seedlings; after the above-ground stems and leaves of shade crops wither in late autumn and early winter, directly cover the seedbed; Wherein, the shade crops are sown on both sides of the pit from May to June; the seedling beds are planted at a staggered distance from the shade crops, specifically, the distance between the first shade crop on the left side of the seedling bed and the seedling bed is 2cm, and the second shade crop is 2 cm away from the seedling bed. The spacing between the nursery beds is 10cm, the distance between the third shade crop and the nursery bed is 2cm, and the distance between the fourth shade crop and the nursery bed is 10cm; the distance between the first shade crop on the right side of the nursery bed and the nursery bed is 10cm, and the distance between the second shade crop and the nursery bed is 10cm. The bed spacing is 2cm, the distance between the third shade crop and the nursery bed is 10cm, the distance between the fourth shade crop and the nursery bed is 2cm, the row spacing between the first shade crop and the second shade crop is 20cm, and so on; (3) Preparation before raising seedlings: adding 3 to 4% of the compound bacterial agent by total weight to the above-ground stems and leaves of fresh traditional Chinese medicines sterilized by ultraviolet irradiation, and fermenting at 35°C for 20 days to obtain fermented stems and leaves for subsequent use; The nursery bed is placed in the soil, and a layer of fermentation stems and leaves with a thickness of 5cm are laid on the bottom of each nursery bed placed in the soil; the nutrient soil with a thickness of 15cm is then laid on the fermentation stems and leaves; the nursery bed is The nutrient soil is subjected to conventional disinfection and sterilization treatment; (4) Sowing: The sowing period of traditional Chinese medicine seeds is generally from May to July. The traditional Chinese medicine seeds are sown in the nursery bed by broadcasting, and covered with 1cm dried, broken and ultraviolet sterilized Scutellaria baicalensis stems and leaves for bacteriostasis. , moisturizing; the sowing date of shading crops for shading is 25 to 35 days earlier than the sowing of traditional Chinese medicine seeds; (5) Management after sowing: Water and fertilizer management is carried out according to the weather and the dryness and wetness of the nursery bed. Generally, 20 days after sowing, the traditional Chinese medicine emerges, and watering is carried out when the soil surface of the nursery bed is dry; At 5cm, the shading crop plants were cut short so that they would not affect the lighting of Chinese medicine seedlings; (6) Winter management: After the stems and leaves of the shade crops wither at the beginning of October, the seedbed can be covered directly after harvesting, which can prevent frostbite on the growth points of the shoot tips or the seedlings being eaten by small animals during the wintering of the seedlings; (7) Raising seedlings: From March to May of the following year, dig out the seedling bed from the soil in time, and open the baffle (2) on one side of the seedling bed. Since the bottom of the seedling bed is fermented stems and leaves, traditional Chinese medicine can be removed The seedlings are not damaged, and the seedlings can be transplanted into the field at the same time. 3. a kind of traditional Chinese medicine seedling bed according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the width of described seedling bed is 15cm, length is 30cm, and depth is 25cm. 4. a kind of traditional Chinese medicine seedling raising method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the compound bacterial agent described in step (3) is Trichoderma longbranchs, Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma viride according to 1:0.5:1.5 proportions are mixed. 5. a kind of Chinese medicine seedling raising method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the stem and leaf of Chinese medicine aerial part described in step (3) is the stem and leaf section of Scutellaria baicalensis, Codonopsis Radix, Bupleurum radix and Platycodon grandiflorum after ultraviolet sterilization , and according to the mass ratio of 0.5 ~ 1: 0.5 ~ 1: 0.5 ~ 1: 0.5 ~ 1, the stems and leaves are mixed; among them, the aerial parts of Scutellaria baicalensis and Bupleurum are cut into 1cm pieces, and the stems and leaves of Codonopsis are cut into 1.5cm Cut the stems and leaves of Platycodon grandiflorum into 0.5cm pieces. 6. a kind of traditional Chinese medicine seedling raising method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the nutrient soil described in the step (3) is after the decomposed sheep manure is screened, according to field soil: volume of sheep manure=7:1 than mixed. 7. A kind of Chinese medicine seedling raising method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the shade crop described in step (2) is tartary buckwheat or broad bean.

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