CN111810486A

CN111810486A - Hydraulic cylinder

Info

Publication number: CN111810486A
Application number: CN202010665847.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李来滨; 邵建国; 杜爱芝
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-07-12
Filing date: 2020-07-12
Publication date: 2020-10-23

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic cylinder, which comprises: the piston is used for dividing the cylinder body into a first oil cavity and a second oil cavity, a locking block is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder body and can slide in the cylinder body, a third oil cavity is formed between one end of the locking block and the cylinder body, the third oil cavity is communicated with the second oil cavity, the locking block is provided with a first elastic piece relative to the other end of the third oil cavity, and when the locking block moves to the first working position from the second working position, the locking block can be clamped with a clamping protrusion arranged at the lower end of the piston to lock the piston. The invention has the advantages that: the piston rod is automatically locked after being retracted to the bottom and automatically unlocked when the piston rod needs to extend, so that the piston rod has higher stability in a retracted state.

Description

Hydraulic cylinder

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of oil cylinders, in particular to a hydraulic cylinder.

Background

The hydraulic cylinder is a hydraulic actuator which converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy and performs linear reciprocating motion (or swinging motion). When the reciprocating motion is realized by using the reciprocating motion device, a speed reducing device can be omitted, no transmission gap exists, the motion is stable, and the reciprocating motion device is widely applied to various hydraulic systems. According to the working requirements, the workpiece is sometimes required to be kept unchanged in position after moving to a certain position or within a certain time after the workpiece stops working, and in order to prevent the workpiece from being displaced under the action of other forces such as external force, gravity and the like, the hydraulic cylinder is required to be locked. At present, the self-locking of the hydraulic cylinder is mainly realized by means of blocking pressure oil, however, hydraulic oil is easy to leak in the locking mode, negative pressure effect and soft leg phenomenon can occur after the hydraulic oil leaks, and although a lot of improvement schemes are made for the phenomenon, the problems are not fundamentally solved. In order to realize the self-locking of the hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic lock can be adopted, but the hydraulic lock has leakage problem in the self-locking process, the self-locking precision is not high and the workpiece displacement phenomenon occurs after leakage, and when an oil way fault occurs, the precision and the reliability can not be ensured, so that the hydraulic lock can not realize the self-locking of the hydraulic cylinder for a long time; and the hydraulic lock often needs a plurality of auxiliary elements such as check valves, reversing valves and the like to realize the self-locking of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the self-locking cost is high, more space is occupied when the self-locking is realized, and meanwhile, the oil paths are increased, the possibility of leakage is increased, and the inconvenience is brought to the maintenance and the use.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, there is a need to provide a self-locking hydraulic cylinder with reliable locking.

The invention discloses a hydraulic cylinder, which comprises: the cylinder body, the piston arranged in the cylinder body in a sliding manner and the piston rod integrally arranged with the piston, wherein the lower end of the piston is provided with a clamping bulge, the piston divides the cylinder body into a first oil cavity and a second oil cavity, the upper end of the cylinder body is provided with a first oil hole communicated with the first oil cavity, the lower end of the cylinder body is provided with a second oil hole communicated with the second oil cavity, the cylinder body is characterized in that the lower end of the cylinder body is provided with a locking block, the locking block can slide in the cylinder body, a third oil cavity is formed between one end of the locking block and the cylinder body, the third oil cavity is communicated with the second oil cavity, the locking block is provided with a first elastic piece relative to the other end of the third oil cavity, one end of the first elastic piece is abutted against the locking block, the other end of the first elastic piece is abutted against the cylinder body, the cylinder body is further provided with a locking piece, when the pressure in the second oil cavity is lower than that in the first oil cavity, the piston rod moves downwards, and when the piston rod moves to the lowest end, the locking piece and the locking block are unlocked; when the pressure in the second oil cavity is higher than that in the first oil cavity, the thrust of the hydraulic oil in the third oil cavity to the locking block is higher than that of the first elastic piece to the locking block, and the locking block moves to a first working position to enable the piston rod to move upwards, so that the locking piece can be clamped in the locking block again.

In one embodiment, the locking block is provided with an avoiding opening, the cylinder body is provided with a groove, the clamping protrusion can extend into the groove, and when the locking block is located at the first working position, the avoiding opening is matched with the groove, so that the clamping protrusion can penetrate through the avoiding opening.

In one embodiment, the locking piece comprises a first vertical extending portion, a second vertical extending portion and a connecting portion for connecting the first vertical extending portion and the second vertical extending portion, a second elastic piece is arranged below the connecting portion, the first vertical extending portion extends into the groove, and when the locking block is located at the first working position, the second vertical extending portion can extend into a clamping hole formed in the locking block to fix the locking block.

In one of them embodiment, the joint is protruding to include pole portion and joint portion, joint portion is cylindrically, works as the joint is protruding to stretch into completely when in the recess, joint portion is located the downside of locking piece, works as the locking piece is located during the second operating position, the locking piece removes extremely the top of joint portion can restrict joint portion and remove along vertical direction to it is fixed the piston rod.

In one embodiment, an abutting protrusion is arranged at one end of the locking block close to the third oil chamber, and when the locking block is located at the second working position, the abutting protrusion can abut against the cylinder body, so that the third oil chamber is kept in a certain volume.

The invention has the advantages that: the piston rod is automatically locked after being retracted to the bottom, and is automatically unlocked when the piston rod needs to extend, so that the piston rod has higher stability in a retracted state, and mechanical locking is more reliable, and auxiliary elements such as a one-way valve, a hydraulic lock and the like do not need to be configured like the prior art.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a hydraulic cylinder provided in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the plane a-a according to fig. 1.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another operating condition of a hydraulic cylinder according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along plane B-B of fig. 3 in accordance with the present invention.

In the figure, a cylinder body 1, a first oil chamber 11, a second oil chamber 12, a first oil hole 13, a second oil hole 14, a third oil chamber 15, a groove 16, a piston 2, a clamping protrusion 21, a rod portion 211, a clamping portion 212, a piston rod 3, a locking block 4, an avoiding opening 41, a clamping hole 42, an abutting protrusion 43, a first elastic member 5, a locking member 6, a first vertical extending portion 61, a second vertical extending portion 62, a connecting portion 63 and a second elastic member 7.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly secured to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "or/and" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention discloses a hydraulic cylinder, which comprises: the cylinder body 1, slide set up in piston 2 in the cylinder body 1, with the piston rod 3 of the integrative setting of piston 2, the piston rod 3 lower extreme is provided with joint arch 21, piston 2 will divide into first oil pocket 11 and second oil pocket 12 in the cylinder body 1, the cylinder body 1 upper end be provided with the first oilhole 13 of first oil pocket 11 intercommunication, the cylinder body 1 lower extreme be provided with the second oilhole 14 of second oil pocket 12 intercommunication, the cylinder body 1 lower extreme is provided with locking piece 4, locking piece 4 can slide in the cylinder body 1, form third oil pocket 15 between locking piece 4 one end and the cylinder body 1, third oil pocket 15 with second oil pocket 12 intercommunication, locking piece 4 for the other end of third oil pocket 15 is provided with first elastic component 5, first elastic component 5 one end butt in locking piece 4, the other end butt in the cylinder body 1, the cylinder body 1 is further provided with a locking piece 6, the locking piece 6 can be clamped with the locking block 4 to fix the locking block 4, when the pressure in the second oil cavity 12 is lower than that in the first oil cavity 11, the piston rod 3 moves downwards, when the piston rod 3 moves to the lowest end, the locking piece 6 and the locking block 4 are unlocked, and at the moment, as the thrust of the hydraulic oil in the third oil cavity 15 to the locking block 4 is lower than that of the first elastic piece 5 to the locking block 4, the locking block 4 can move to the second working position and is clamped with the clamping protrusion 21 to lock the piston rod 3; when the pressure in the second oil chamber 12 is higher than that in the first oil chamber 11, the thrust of the hydraulic oil in the third oil chamber 15 to the locking block 4 is higher than that of the first elastic piece 5 to the locking block 4, and the locking block 4 moves to the first working position, so that the piston rod 3 can move upwards, and the locking piece 6 can be clamped in the locking block 4 again.

It should be mentioned that, during operation, when the pressure in the second oil chamber 12 is higher than the pressure in the first oil chamber 11, the piston rod 3 extends outward, and at this time, the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the second oil chamber 12 on the locking block 4 is also higher than the thrust of the first elastic member 5 on the locking block 4, so that the locking block 4 moves to the right.

Preferably, be provided with on the locking piece 4 and dodge opening 41, be provided with recess 16 on the cylinder body 1, joint arch 21 can stretch into in the recess 16, work as locking piece 4 is located when the first operating position, dodge opening 41 with recess 16 matches, make joint arch 21 can pass dodge opening 41.

It should be noted that, the locking piece 4 is located in the middle of the groove 16, when the clamping protrusion 21 extends into the groove 16, the clamping protrusion 21 can abut against the locking piece 4, so that the clamping protrusion 21 cannot move into the groove 16 continuously, and when the avoiding opening 41 is matched with the groove 16, the clamping protrusion 21 can pass through the avoiding opening 41 and extend into the groove 16 continuously.

Preferably, the locking member 6 includes a first vertical extending portion 61, a second vertical extending portion 62 and a connecting portion 63 connecting the first vertical extending portion 61 and the second vertical extending portion 62, a second elastic member 7 is disposed below the connecting portion 63, the first vertical extending portion 61 extends into the groove 16, when the locking block 4 is located at the first working position, the second vertical extending portion 62 can extend into the clamping hole 42 formed in the locking block 4 to fix the locking block 4.

It is worth mentioning that, joint arch 21 removes in to recess 16, can press first vertical extension 61 downwards to extrude second elastic component 7, and drive the vertical extension 62 downstream of second, after joint arch 21 stretches into recess 16 completely, the vertical extension 62 of second breaks away from joint hole 42 completely, makes locking block 4 can follow first operating position and remove to second operating position, thereby with the protruding 21 joint of joint.

Preferably, protruding 21 of joint includes pole portion 211 and joint portion 212, joint portion 212 is cylindrical, works as joint portion 21 stretches into completely in the recess 16, joint portion 212 is located the downside of locking piece 4, is located when locking piece 4 during the second operating position, locking piece 4 removes extremely joint portion 212 can be restricted along vertical direction to the top of joint portion 212 removes, thereby is fixed piston rod 3.

Preferably, an abutting protrusion 43 is disposed at one end of the lock block 4 close to the third oil chamber 15, and when the lock block 4 is located at the second working position, the abutting protrusion 43 can abut against the cylinder body 1, so that the third oil chamber 15 maintains a certain volume.

It can be understood that, if the locking piece 4 completely attaches to the cylinder body 1 and leads to the disappearance of the third oil chamber 15, then when the hydraulic oil pressure rises, hydraulic oil is difficult to get into between the locking piece 4 and the cylinder body 1 in order to enlarge the volume of the third oil chamber 15, and through setting up the abutting protrusion 43, the higher hydraulic oil of pressure that can be convenient for promotes the locking piece 4 and moves to the first elastic component 5 direction.

The working mode of the invention is as follows: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, when the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the second cavity is lower than the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the first oil chamber 11, the locking block 4 is at the first working position, at this time, the groove 16 is matched with the avoiding opening 41, the clamping protrusion 21 moves downward along with the piston 2, extends into the groove 16, and passes through the avoiding opening 41, the clamping protrusion 21 enables the second vertical extending portion 62 to be separated from the clamping hole 42 by pressing the first vertical extending portion 61, so that the locking block 4 can move freely, because the acting force of the hydraulic oil in the third oil chamber 15 on the locking block 4 is smaller than the acting force of the first elastic member 5 on the locking block 4 at this time, the locking block 4 moves to the left side, so that the locking block 4 moves to the upper side of the clamping portion 212 to lock the clamping protrusion 21, and plays a role in locking the piston rod 3; as shown in fig. 3 and 4, after the hydraulic oil pressure in the second oil chamber 12 is higher than the hydraulic oil pressure in the first oil chamber 11, the acting force of the hydraulic oil in the third oil chamber 15 on the locking block 4 is greater than the acting force of the first elastic member 5 on the locking block 4, so that the locking block 4 moves to the right side, and because the clamping protrusion 21 has a tendency of moving upwards, when the avoiding opening 41 corresponds to the groove 16, the clamping protrusion 21 can move upwards, and along with the upward movement of the clamping protrusion 21, the second elastic member 7 pushes the locking member 6 to move upwards, so that the second vertical extending part 62 extends into the clamping hole 42, thereby locking the locking block 4 and ensuring that the avoiding opening is matched with the groove.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A hydraulic cylinder, said hydraulic cylinder comprising: the piston cylinder comprises a cylinder body, a piston and a piston rod, wherein the piston is arranged in the cylinder body in a sliding manner, the piston rod and the piston are integrally arranged, the lower end of the piston is provided with a clamping bulge, the piston divides the cylinder body into a first oil cavity and a second oil cavity, the upper end of the cylinder body is provided with a first oil hole communicated with the first oil cavity, the lower end of the cylinder body is provided with a second oil hole communicated with the second oil cavity, the piston cylinder is characterized in that the lower end of the cylinder body is provided with a locking block, the locking block can slide in the cylinder body, a third oil cavity is formed between one end of the locking block and the cylinder body, the third oil cavity is communicated with the second oil cavity, the locking block is provided with a first elastic piece relative to the other end of the third oil cavity, one end of the first,

the cylinder body is further provided with a locking piece, the locking piece can be clamped with the locking piece to fix the locking piece, when the pressure in the second oil cavity is lower than that in the first oil cavity, the piston rod moves downwards, when the piston rod moves to the lowest end, the locking piece and the locking piece are unlocked, and at the moment, the thrust of hydraulic oil in the third oil cavity to the locking piece is lower than that of the first elastic piece to the locking piece, so that the locking piece can move to the second working position to be clamped with the clamping protrusion to lock the piston rod; when the pressure in the second oil cavity is higher than that in the first oil cavity, the thrust of the hydraulic oil in the third oil cavity to the locking block is higher than that of the first elastic piece to the locking block, and the locking block moves to a first working position to enable the piston rod to move upwards, so that the locking piece can be clamped in the locking block again.

2. The hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, wherein an avoiding opening is formed in the locking block, a groove is formed in the cylinder body, the clamping protrusion can extend into the groove, and when the locking block is located at the first working position, the avoiding opening is matched with the groove, so that the clamping protrusion can penetrate through the avoiding opening.

3. The hydraulic cylinder according to claim 2, wherein the locking member comprises a first vertical extending portion, a second vertical extending portion and a connecting portion for connecting the first vertical extending portion and the second vertical extending portion, a second elastic member is arranged below the connecting portion, the first vertical extending portion extends into the groove, and when the locking block is located at the first working position, the second vertical extending portion can extend into a clamping hole formed in the locking block to fix the locking block.

4. The hydraulic cylinder according to claim 2, wherein the clamping protrusion comprises a rod portion and a clamping portion, the clamping portion is cylindrical, when the clamping protrusion completely extends into the groove, the clamping portion is located on the lower side of the locking block, and when the locking block is located at the second working position, the locking block moves to the position above the clamping portion and can limit the clamping portion to move along the vertical direction, so that the piston rod is fixed.

5. The hydraulic cylinder of claim 1, wherein an abutment protrusion is disposed at an end of the lock block near the third chamber, and the abutment protrusion can abut against the cylinder body when the lock block is located at the second working position, so that the third chamber is maintained at a certain volume.