CN111737109A - A kind of cluster file system testing method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
本说明书一个或多个实施例提供一种集群文件系统测试方法及装置,包括:读取配置文件;所述配置文件包括全局配置信息和待测项的配置信息;根据所述全局配置信息,创建包括至少一个待测项的测试项集合;根据所述待测项的配置信息,从所述测试项集合中选取目标测试项;对所述目标测试项进行测试,得到测试结果。本说明书能够实现对集群文件系统进行测试。
One or more embodiments of this specification provide a method and device for testing a cluster file system, including: reading a configuration file; the configuration file includes global configuration information and configuration information of an item to be tested; A test item set including at least one to-be-tested item; according to the configuration information of the to-be-tested item, select a target test item from the test item set; test the target test item to obtain a test result. This manual can realize the test of the cluster file system.
Description
技术领域technical field
本说明书一个或多个实施例涉及计算机技术领域,尤其涉及一种集群文件系统测试方法及装置。One or more embodiments of this specification relate to the field of computer technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for testing a cluster file system.
背景技术Background technique
集群文件系统是指运行在多台计算机之上,之间通过网络、RDMA等方式相互通信从而将集群内所有存储空间资源整合、虚拟化并对外提供文件访问服务的文件系统。集群文件系统能够扩展存储功能,在不同的应用场景下,集群文件系统需具备兼容性和可移植性,以适应不同的系统环境,满足相应的存储扩展功能。A cluster file system refers to a file system that runs on multiple computers and communicates with each other through network, RDMA, etc., so as to integrate and virtualize all storage space resources in the cluster and provide file access services to the outside world. The cluster file system can expand the storage function. In different application scenarios, the cluster file system needs to have compatibility and portability to adapt to different system environments and meet the corresponding storage expansion functions.
目前,已有的文件系统兼容性测试工具能够实现系统内核文件系统的测试,例如POSIX文件系统测试工具,尚没有能够对集群文件系统进行测试的方法。At present, the existing file system compatibility testing tools can test the system kernel file system, such as the POSIX file system testing tool, but there is no method for testing the cluster file system.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
有鉴于此,本说明书一个或多个实施例的目的在于提出一种集群文件系统测试方法及装置,能够对集群文件系统进行测试。In view of this, the purpose of one or more embodiments of this specification is to provide a method and apparatus for testing a cluster file system, which can test a cluster file system.
基于上述目的,本说明书一个或多个实施例提供了一种集群文件系统测试方法,包括:Based on the above purpose, one or more embodiments of this specification provide a method for testing a cluster file system, including:
读取配置文件;所述配置文件包括全局配置信息和待测项的配置信息;Read a configuration file; the configuration file includes global configuration information and configuration information of the item to be tested;
根据所述全局配置信息,创建包括至少一个待测项的测试项集合;Create a test item set including at least one item to be tested according to the global configuration information;
根据所述待测项的配置信息,从所述测试项集合中选取目标测试项;According to the configuration information of the item to be tested, select a target test item from the set of test items;
对所述目标测试项进行测试,得到测试结果。Test the target test item to obtain a test result.
可选的,所述全局配置信息包括对集群文件系统进行测试的初始化配置信息;所述待测项的配置信息包括待测项的系统调用操作内容及操作比例。Optionally, the global configuration information includes initialization configuration information for testing the cluster file system; the configuration information of the item to be tested includes system call operation content and operation ratio of the item to be tested.
可选的,根据所述全局配置信息,创建包括至少一个待测项的测试项集合,包括:按照所述全局配置信息,将待测项的系统调用操作内容添加于空闲操作列表中。Optionally, creating a test item set including at least one item to be tested according to the global configuration information includes: adding the system call operation content of the item to be tested to the idle operation list according to the global configuration information.
可选的,根据所述待测项的配置信息,从所述测试项集合中选取目标测试项,包括:Optionally, according to the configuration information of the item to be tested, select a target test item from the set of test items, including:
根据待测项的操作比例,从所述空闲操作列表中随机选取目标测试项;According to the operation ratio of the item to be tested, randomly select the target test item from the idle operation list;
根据选取的目标测试项,创建操作组;所述操作组包括至少一个目标测试项的操作项;According to the selected target test item, an operation group is created; the operation group includes at least one operation item of the target test item;
将所述操作组加入测试等待队列中。The operation group is added to the test waiting queue.
可选的,所述操作项包括操作对象、操作对象类型、操作前提、操作对象是否已存在;随机确定所述操作前提为打开或是关闭,若所述操作对象为文件或目录,当所述操作前提为打开时,则所述操作项不需要执行打开文件或打开目录的系统调用操作内容,当所述操作前提为关闭时,所述操作项需要执行打开文件或打开目录的系统调用内容。Optionally, the operation item includes the operation object, the operation object type, the operation premise, and whether the operation object already exists; randomly determine whether the operation premise is open or close, if the operation object is a file or a directory, when the When the operation premise is open, the operation item does not need to execute the system call operation content of opening a file or a directory, and when the operation premise is closed, the operation item needs to execute the system call content of opening a file or opening a directory.
可选的,在读取配置文件之后,还包括:对配置文件进行校验,若配置文件校验通过,根据所述全局配置信息,创建包括至少一个待测项的测试项集合;Optionally, after reading the configuration file, the method further includes: verifying the configuration file, and if the configuration file verification passes, creating a test item set including at least one item to be tested according to the global configuration information;
对配置文件进行校验包括:判断是否包含用于挂载集群文件系统的测试目录和用于挂载校验用文件系统的校验目录,若否则校验不通过;判断各待测项的各类型操作的操作比例之和是否为100%,否存在至少一种操作的操作比例之和不为100%,则校验不通过;判断各操作比例的精度是否符合所述全局配置信息中所配置的操作比例的精度,若否则校验不通过。Verifying the configuration file includes: judging whether the test directory for mounting the cluster file system and the verification directory for mounting the file system for verification are included; otherwise, the verification fails; Whether the sum of the operation proportions of the type operations is 100%, and if the sum of the operation proportions of at least one operation is not 100%, the verification fails; it is judged whether the accuracy of each operation proportion conforms to the configuration in the global configuration information. The precision of the operation scale, otherwise the verification fails.
可选的,对配置文件进行校验,若配置文件校验通过之后,还包括:清空所述测试目录和校验目录;根据所述全局配置信息,创建包括至少一个待测项的测试项集合。Optionally, the configuration file is verified, and if the configuration file verification is passed, it also includes: clearing the test directory and the verification directory; creating a test item set including at least one item to be tested according to the global configuration information .
可选的,对目标测试项进行测试,得到测试结果,包括:Optionally, test the target test item to obtain test results, including:
从所述测试等待队列中取出操作组;Take out the operation group from the test waiting queue;
确定所述操作组中的各操作项;determining each operation item in the operation group;
对所述操作项进行解析,确定操作对象所需执行的操作;Analyze the operation item to determine the operation to be performed by the operation object;
对所述操作对象执行操作,得到测试结果。Perform an operation on the operation object to obtain a test result.
可选的,所述方法还包括:对测试结果进行校验,包括:Optionally, the method further includes: verifying the test result, including:
基于操作项的操作对象的操作,对用于校验的文件系统的同一操作对象执行同样的操作,得到操作结果;Based on the operation of the operation object of the operation item, perform the same operation on the same operation object of the file system used for verification, and obtain the operation result;
将测试结果与操作结果进行比较;Compare test results with operational results;
若一致则校验通过,否则将不一致的操作结果和测试结果输出至校验结果日志中。If they are consistent, the verification is passed; otherwise, the inconsistent operation results and test results are output to the verification result log.
本说明书实施例还提供一种集群文件系统测试装置,包括:The embodiments of this specification also provide a cluster file system testing device, including:
读取模块,用于读取配置文件;所述配置文件包括全局配置信息和待测项的配置信息;a reading module for reading a configuration file; the configuration file includes global configuration information and configuration information of the item to be tested;
创建模块,用于根据所述全局配置信息,创建包括至少一个待测项的测试项集合;A creation module is used to create a test item set including at least one to-be-tested item according to the global configuration information;
选取模块,用于根据所述待测项的配置信息,从所述测试项集合中选取目标测试项;a selection module for selecting a target test item from the test item set according to the configuration information of the item to be tested;
测试模块,用于对所述目标测试项进行测试,得到测试结果。The test module is used to test the target test item to obtain the test result.
从上面所述可以看出,本说明书一个或多个实施例提供的集群文件系统测试方法及装置,通过读取包括全局配置信息和待测项的配置信息的配置文件,根据全局配置信息,创建包括至少一个待测项的测试项集合,根据待测项的配置信息,从测试项集合中选取目标测试项,对目标测试项进行测试,得到测试结果。本说明书能够实现对集群文件系统进行测试。As can be seen from the above, the method and device for testing a cluster file system provided by one or more embodiments of the present specification, by reading the configuration file including the global configuration information and the configuration information of the item to be tested, create A test item set including at least one to-be-tested item, according to the configuration information of the to-be-tested item, select a target test item from the test item set, test the target test item, and obtain a test result. This manual can realize the test of the cluster file system.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本说明书一个或多个实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本说明书一个或多个实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate one or more embodiments of the present specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, in the following description The accompanying drawings are only one or more embodiments of the present specification, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.
图1为本说明书一个或多个实施例的方法流程示意图;1 is a schematic flowchart of a method according to one or more embodiments of this specification;
图2为本说明书一个或多个实施例的装置结构框图;FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an apparatus structure according to one or more embodiments of this specification;
图3为本说明书一个或多个实施例的电子设备的结构框图。FIG. 3 is a structural block diagram of an electronic device according to one or more embodiments of the specification.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本公开的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,以下结合具体实施例,并参照附图,对本公开进一步详细说明。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure clearer, the present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
需要说明的是,除非另外定义,本说明书一个或多个实施例使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本说明书一个或多个实施例中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性,而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同,而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接,而是可以包括电性的连接,不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系,当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后,则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in one or more embodiments of the present specification shall have the usual meanings understood by those with ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in one or more embodiments of this specification do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish the various components. "Comprises" or "comprising" and similar words mean that the elements or things appearing before the word encompass the elements or things recited after the word and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or things. Words like "connected" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "Down", "Left", "Right", etc. are only used to represent the relative positional relationship, and when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.
如图1所示,本说明书一个或多个实施例提供一种集群文件系统测试方法,包括:As shown in FIG. 1, one or more embodiments of this specification provide a method for testing a cluster file system, including:
S101:读取配置文件;配置文件包括全局配置信息和待测项的配置信息;S101: read a configuration file; the configuration file includes global configuration information and configuration information of the item to be tested;
本实施例中,为实现集群文件系统测试,创建可配置的配置文件,配置文件包括全局配置信息和集群文件系统中待测项的各项配置信息。In this embodiment, in order to implement the cluster file system test, a configurable configuration file is created, and the configuration file includes global configuration information and various configuration information of the item to be tested in the cluster file system.
一些实施例中,全局配置信息包括对集群文件系统进行测试的初始化配置信息。待测项的配置信息包括待测项的系统调用操作内容及操作比例;集群文件系统的待测项包括文件、目标、软连接等其中的一种或几种。配置文件中文件的配置信息包括需要打开文件的系统调用操作内容及操作比例、不需要打开文件的系统调用操作内容及操作比例;配置文件中目录的配置信息包括需要打开目录的系统调用操作内容及操作比例,不需要打开目录的系统调用操作内容及操作比例;配置文件中软连接的配置信息包括软连接的系统调用操作内容及操作比例等。In some embodiments, the global configuration information includes initial configuration information for testing the cluster file system. The configuration information of the item to be tested includes the system call operation content and operation ratio of the item to be tested; the item to be tested of the cluster file system includes one or more of files, targets, and soft links. The configuration information of the file in the configuration file includes the system call operation content and operation ratio that need to open the file, the system call operation content and operation ratio that does not need to open the file; the configuration information of the directory in the configuration file includes the system call operation content and operation ratio that need to open the directory. Operation ratio, the system call operation content and operation ratio of the directory do not need to be opened; the configuration information of the soft link in the configuration file includes the system call operation content and operation ratio of the soft link, etc.
S102:根据全局配置信息,创建测试项集合;S102: Create a test item set according to the global configuration information;
本实施例中,根据配置文件中的全局配置信息,创建包括至少一个待测项的测试项集合,包括:按照配置文件中的全局配置信息,将待测项的系统调用操作内容添加于空闲操作列表;空闲操作列表中存放待测项的类型(目录、文件和软连接)和名称、系统调用操作类型、总的操作数目、文件类型、与系统调用操作类型对应的具体操作行为等参数,各参数根据配置文件中的相关配置信息而设置。In this embodiment, creating a test item set including at least one item to be tested according to the global configuration information in the configuration file includes: adding the system call operation content of the item to be tested to the idle operation according to the global configuration information in the configuration file List; the idle operation list stores parameters such as the type (directory, file and soft link) and name of the item to be tested, the type of system call operation, the total number of operations, the file type, and the specific operation behavior corresponding to the type of system call operation. Parameters are set according to the relevant configuration information in the configuration file.
S103:根据待测项的配置信息,从创建的测试项集合中选取目标测试项;S103: Select a target test item from the created test item set according to the configuration information of the item to be tested;
本实施例中,根据待测项的配置信息,从创建的测试项集合中选取目标测试项,包括:按照各待测项对应的操作比例,从测试项集合中随机选取目标测试项,将选取出的目标测试项加入测试等待队列中。In this embodiment, selecting a target test item from the created test item set according to the configuration information of the item to be tested includes: randomly selecting a target test item from the test item set according to the operation ratio corresponding to each item to be tested, and selecting The output target test items are added to the test waiting queue.
S104:对目标测试项进行测试,得到测试结果。S104: Test the target test item to obtain a test result.
本实施例中,选取出目标测试项之后,对目标测试项进行测试,并得到测试结果。一些方式中,对目标测试项进行测试,得到测试结果,包括:当判断测试等待队列满时,对测试等待队列中的各目标测试项执行测试,测试结束得到测试结果。In this embodiment, after the target test item is selected, the target test item is tested, and a test result is obtained. In some manners, testing the target test item to obtain the test result includes: when it is determined that the test waiting queue is full, performing a test on each target test item in the test waiting queue, and obtaining the test result after the test is completed.
本实施例中,为实现对集群文件系统进行测试,先建立用于对集群文件系统中各待测项进行测试的配置文件,测试时,读取配置文件,根据配置文件中的全局配置信息,创建测试项集合,然后根据待测项的配置信息从创建的测试项集合中选取目标测试项,对目标测试项进行测试,测试结束得到集群文件系统中待测项的测试结果,实现了集群文件系统的测试功能,为优化集群文件系统提供依据。In this embodiment, in order to test the cluster file system, a configuration file for testing each item to be tested in the cluster file system is first established. During the test, the configuration file is read, and according to the global configuration information in the configuration file, Create a test item set, and then select the target test item from the created test item set according to the configuration information of the item to be tested, test the target test item, and obtain the test result of the item to be tested in the cluster file system after the test is completed. The test function of the system provides the basis for optimizing the cluster file system.
本实施例中,在步骤S101所述读取配置文件之后,还包括:对配置文件进行校验,若配置文件校验通过,执行步骤S102所述根据配置文件,创建测试项集合。In this embodiment, after the configuration file is read in step S101, the method further includes: verifying the configuration file, and if the configuration file is verified successfully, performing step S102 to create a test item set according to the configuration file.
一些实施例中,参考表1所示,配置文件具体包括测试目录(集群文件系统存储池的挂载目录)、校验目录(用于校验集群文件系统测试结果的文件系统的挂载目录,例如内核文件系统的磁盘或磁盘阵列挂载目录)、全局配置信息、文件的配置信息、目录的配置信息、软连接的配置信息等配置项。其中,全局配置信息包括文件操作比例、目录操作比例、软连接操作比例、日志级别、操作比例的精度、写入/读取的数据块大小、写入/读取的数据块最大/最小值、最大目录深度、初始化创建的目录数量、初始化创建的文件数量、初始化创建的软连接数量、待测项总数、集群文件系统的挂载点、用于校验集群文件系统测试结果的文件系统的挂载点、日志目录(用于保存测试过程中产生的各种日志)、工作线程数、测试等待队列长度、需要打开文件的待测项数量、不需要打开文件的待测项数量、需要打开目录的待测项数量、不需要打开目录的待测项数量、软连接的待测项数量、打开目录的操作比例、新建目录的操作比例、打开文件的操作比例、新建文件的操作比例等。In some embodiments, referring to Table 1, the configuration file specifically includes a test directory (the mount directory of the cluster file system storage pool), the verification directory (the mount directory of the file system used to verify the test result of the cluster file system, For example, the disk or disk array mount directory of the kernel file system), global configuration information, file configuration information, directory configuration information, soft connection configuration information and other configuration items. Among them, the global configuration information includes file operation ratio, directory operation ratio, soft connection operation ratio, log level, precision of operation ratio, data block size written/read, maximum/minimum value of data block written/read, Maximum directory depth, the number of directories created by initialization, the number of files created by initialization, the number of soft links created by initialization, the total number of items to be tested, the mount point of the cluster file system, and the mount point of the file system used to verify the test results of the cluster file system Load point, log directory (used to save various logs generated during the test), number of worker threads, length of test waiting queue, number of items to be tested that need to open files, number of items to be tested that do not need to open files, and directories to be opened The number of items to be tested, the number of items to be tested that do not need to open the directory, the number of items to be tested with soft links, the proportion of operations to open directories, the proportion of operations to create new directories, the proportion of operations to open files, the proportion of operations to create new files, etc.
其中,在测试过程中,对于每个步骤的执行结果均记录于相应的日志文件中,并对各日志文件设置相应的日志级别,日志级别决定对应步骤执行过程中信息输出的相信程度,日志级别数值越大输出越详细,能够利用各日志文件追溯执行过程,提高测试效率。Among them, in the test process, the execution result of each step is recorded in the corresponding log file, and the corresponding log level is set for each log file. The log level determines the confidence level of the information output during the execution of the corresponding step, and the log level The larger the value, the more detailed the output, and the log files can be used to trace the execution process and improve the test efficiency.
如表1所示,文件的配置信息包括需要打开文件的系统调用操作内容及各项操作内容的操作比例、不需要打开文件的系统调用操作内容及各项操作内容的操作比例。其中,需要打开文件的系统调用操作内容包括write、read、fallocate、ftruncate、fsync、fsetxattr、fgetxattr、fremovexattr、flock、fchown、fchmod、futimes、fstat等;所有需要打开文件的系统调用操作内容的操作比例之和应为100%,每项操作比例的精度应达到所配置的操作比例的精度。不需要打开文件的系统调用操作内容包括rename、symlink、link、truncate、setxattr、getxattr、removexattr、access、chown、chmod、utimes、stat、unlink、statfs等;所有不需要打开文件的系统调用操作内容的操作比例之和应为100%,每项操作比例的精度应达到所配置的操作比例的精度。As shown in Table 1, the configuration information of the file includes the system call operation content that needs to open the file and the operation proportion of each operation content, the system call operation content that does not need to open the file, and the operation proportion of each operation content. Among them, the system call operations that need to open files include write, read, fallocate, ftruncate, fsync, fsetxattr, fgetxattr, fremovexattr, flock, fchown, fchmod, futimes, fstat, etc.; the operation ratio of all system call operations that need to open files The sum should be 100% and each operation scale should be as accurate as the configured operation scale. System call operations that do not need to open files include rename, symlink, link, truncate, setxattr, getxattr, removexattr, access, chown, chmod, utimes, stat, unlink, statfs, etc.; The sum of the operation scales should be 100%, and each operation scale should be as accurate as the configured operation scale.
目录的配置信息包括需要打开目录的系统调用操作内容及各项操作内容的操作比例、不需要打开目录的系统调用操作内容及各项操作内容的操作比例。其中,需要打开目录的系统调用操作内容包括fsync、fsetxattr、fgetxattr、fremovexattr、readdir、flock、fchown、fchmod、futimes、fstat等;所有需要打开目录的系统调用操作内容的操作比例之和应为100%,每项操作比例的精度应达到所配置的操作比例的精度。不需要打开目录的系统调用操作信息包括access、rename、symlink、setxattr、getxattr、removexattr、chown、chmod、utimes、rmdir、stat、statfs等;所有不需要打开目录的系统调用操作内容的操作比例之和应为100%,每项操作比例的精度应达到所配置的操作比例的精度。The configuration information of the directory includes the system call operation content that needs to open the directory and the operation proportion of each operation content, the system call operation content that does not need to open the directory, and the operation proportion of each operation content. Among them, the system call operation content that needs to open the directory includes fsync, fsetxattr, fgetxattr, fremovexattr, readdir, flock, fchown, fchmod, futimes, fstat, etc.; the sum of the operation ratio of all system call operation content that needs to open the directory should be 100% , the precision of each operation scale should reach the precision of the configured operation scale. The system call operation information that does not need to open the directory includes access, rename, symlink, setxattr, getxattr, removexattr, chown, chmod, utimes, rmdir, stat, statfs, etc.; the sum of the operation proportions of all the system call operation contents that do not need to open the directory Should be 100%, each operation scale should be as accurate as the configured operation scale.
软连接的配置信息包括软连接的系统调用操作内容及各项操作内容的操作比例,软连接的系统调用操作内容包括readlink、unlink,且两种操作内容的操作比例之和应为100%,两个操作比例的精度应达到所配置的操作比例的精度。The configuration information of the soft connection includes the operation content of the system call of the soft connection and the operation proportion of each operation content. The system call operation content of the soft connection includes readlink and unlink, and the sum of the operation proportions of the two operation content should be 100%. Each operating scale should be as accurate as the configured operating scale.
表1Table 1
结合表1所示,测试过程中所产生的文件大小由MAX_OP_SIZE和MINI_OP_SIZE两个配置项决定,可产生的文件大小区间为[MINI_OP_SIZE,MAX_OP_SIZE+1024*1024],可以用来预估测试中需要的文件系统(集成文件系统或是用于校验的文件系统)大小。初始化时创建的文件个数、目录个数、软连接个数,三个配置项的值可以相等,可选的,取值可比待测项总数小一个数量级,能够保证测试效果,并合理利用系统资源。测试过程中,每次写入的数据块的大小与每次读取的数据块的大小需要保持一致,且数据块的大小能够被MAX_OP_SIZE或者MINI_OP_SIZE所整除。As shown in Table 1, the file size generated during the test is determined by the two configuration items MAX_OP_SIZE and MINI_OP_SIZE, and the file size range that can be generated is [MINI_OP_SIZE, MAX_OP_SIZE+1024*1024], which can be used to estimate the required size of the test. File system (integrated file system or file system used for verification) size. The number of files, directories, and soft links created during initialization. The values of the three configuration items can be equal. Optionally, the value can be an order of magnitude smaller than the total number of items to be tested, which can ensure the test effect and make reasonable use of the system. resource. During the test, the size of the data block written each time needs to be consistent with the size of the data block read each time, and the size of the data block can be divisible by MAX_OP_SIZE or MINI_OP_SIZE.
一些实施例中,对配置文件进行校验,包括:判断是否包含有测试目录和校验目录,若否(没有指定测试目录和/或校验目录,或是所指定的目录不存在),则校验不通过;判断各类型操作(需要打开文件的系统调用操作、不需要打开文件的系统调用操作、需要打开目录的系统调用操作、不需要打开操作的系统调用操作、软连接的系统调用操作)的操作比例之和是否为100%,若存在至少一类操作的操作比例之和不为100%,则校验不通过;判断各操作比例的精度是否符合所配置的操作比例的精度,若存在至少一项操作比例的精度不符合所配置的操作比例的精度,则校验不通过。In some embodiments, verifying the configuration file includes: judging whether the test directory and the verification directory are included, if not (the test directory and/or the verification directory are not specified, or the specified directory does not exist), then Verification fails; judges various types of operations (system call operations that require file opening, system call operations that do not require file opening, system call operations that require opening directories, system call operations that do not require opening operations, and system call operations that require soft connections ) is 100%, if there is at least one type of operation whose sum is not 100%, then the verification fails; judge whether the accuracy of each operation ratio conforms to the configured accuracy of the operation ratio, if If the precision of at least one operation scale does not meet the precision of the configured operation scale, the verification fails.
一些方式中,在具体测试时,可根据实际的测试内容及测试要求对配置文件中的全局配置信息和/或待测项的各项配置信息进行配置修改,以达到测试目的。例如,在每次测试时,对配置文件中文件或者目录的测试数量、系统调用操作内容的操作比例、文件读取/写入数据块的大小、操作比例的精度等配置项进行配置修改,以达到灵活配置、动态测试的效果,使得本实施例的集群文件系统测试方法具备良好的兼容性和扩展性。In some ways, during the specific test, the global configuration information in the configuration file and/or various configuration information of the item to be tested can be configured and modified according to the actual test content and test requirements, so as to achieve the test purpose. For example, in each test, configure and modify configuration items such as the number of files or directories in the configuration file to be tested, the operation ratio of the system call operation content, the size of the file read/write data block, and the accuracy of the operation ratio, so as to The effects of flexible configuration and dynamic testing are achieved, so that the cluster file system testing method of this embodiment has good compatibility and expansibility.
本实施例中,在步骤S101所述读取配置文件之后,还包括:对配置文件进行校验,若校验通过,根据配置文件中的测试目录和校验目录信息,清空测试目录和校验目录,以备测试之用;若配置文件校验不通过,则根据未通过的校验项,输出提示操作信息至文件校验日志。In this embodiment, after the configuration file is read in step S101, the method further includes: verifying the configuration file, and if the verification passes, clearing the test directory and verifying directory information according to the test directory and verification directory information in the configuration file The directory is used for testing; if the configuration file verification fails, output prompt operation information to the file verification log according to the failed verification items.
本实施例中,所述步骤S103中,根据待测项的配置信息,从测试项集合中选取目标测试项,包括:In this embodiment, in the step S103, according to the configuration information of the item to be tested, the target test item is selected from the test item set, including:
根据配置文件中各待测项的操作比例,从空闲操作列表中随机选取目标测试项;According to the operation ratio of each item to be tested in the configuration file, the target test item is randomly selected from the idle operation list;
根据选取的目标测试项,创建操作组;Create an operation group according to the selected target test item;
将操作组加入测试等待队列中。Add the action group to the test waiting queue.
一些实施例中,操作组包括至少一个目标测试项的操作项,操作项包括操作对象、操作对象类型、操作前提、操作对象是否已存在等选项。其中,操作前提可设置为打开或是关闭,为更好的模拟实际测试环境,随机确定操作前提为打开或是关闭,对于操作对象为文件或目录,当操作前提为打开时,则该操作项不需要执行打开文件或打开目录的系统调用操作内容,当操作前提为关闭时,该操作项需要执行打开文件或打开目录的系统调用内容。例如,操作对象为某个特定的文件,操作对象类型为文件,该特定的文件已经存在,根据随机数确定操作前提为打开,则测试时,该文件不需要执行打开文件的系统调用操作内容。In some embodiments, the operation group includes at least one operation item of the target test item, and the operation item includes options such as operation object, operation object type, operation premise, and whether the operation object already exists. Among them, the operation premise can be set to open or close. In order to better simulate the actual test environment, the operation premise is randomly determined to be open or closed. For the operation object is a file or directory, when the operation premise is open, the operation item There is no need to perform the system call operation content of opening a file or opening a directory. When the operation premise is closed, the operation item needs to perform the system call content of opening a file or opening a directory. For example, if the operation object is a specific file, the operation object type is a file, the specific file already exists, and the operation premise is determined according to the random number to be opened, then during the test, the file does not need to perform the system call operation content of opening the file.
本实施例中,根据配置文件中各待测项的操作比例,从空闲操作列表中随机选取目标测试项,根据选取的目标测试项,创建操作组,将操作组加入测试等待队列中,通过从所有待测项中随机选取目标测试项,能够实现模拟用户对集群文件系统的实际操作。In this embodiment, according to the operation ratio of each item to be tested in the configuration file, a target test item is randomly selected from the idle operation list, an operation group is created according to the selected target test item, and the operation group is added to the test waiting queue. The target test item is randomly selected from all the items to be tested, which can simulate the actual operation of the cluster file system by the user.
一些实施例中,将操作组加入测试等待队列中,当判断测试等待队列已满时,从测试等待队列中取出操作组,以对操作组中的操作对象执行操作,能够充分利用系统资源,降低测试时间,提高测试效率。In some embodiments, the operation group is added to the test waiting queue, and when it is determined that the test waiting queue is full, the operation group is taken out from the test waiting queue to perform operations on the operation objects in the operation group, which can make full use of system resources and reduce Test time and improve test efficiency.
本实施例中,所述步骤S104中,对目标测试项进行测试,得到测试结果,包括:In this embodiment, in the step S104, the target test item is tested to obtain a test result, including:
从测试等待队列中取出操作组;Remove the action group from the test waiting queue;
确定操作组中的各操作项;Determine each operation item in the operation group;
对操作项进行解析,确定操作对象所需执行的操作;Analyze the operation item to determine the operation that the operation object needs to perform;
对操作对象执行操作,得到测试结果。Perform an operation on the operation object to get the test result.
本实施例中,测试时,从测试等待队列中取出操作组,对操作组中的各操作项进行解析,得到操作对象、操作对象类型、操作前提和操作对象是否已存在等选项,确定该操作对象所需执行的操作,对操作对象执行操作,得到测试结果。其中,若操作对象为文件或目录,根据操作前提为打开或是关闭,确定是否执行打开文件或打开目录的系统调用操作内容。In this embodiment, during the test, the operation group is taken out from the test waiting queue, and each operation item in the operation group is analyzed to obtain options such as the operation object, the operation object type, the operation premise, and whether the operation object already exists, and the operation is determined. The operation that the object needs to perform, perform the operation on the operation object, and get the test result. Wherein, if the operation object is a file or a directory, according to whether the operation premise is open or closed, it is determined whether to execute the system call operation content of opening the file or opening the directory.
举例来说,对于目录操作:随机选择是对已存在目录操作或是新建目录操作,若为对已存在目录操作,从空闲操作列表中选取空闲目录,将该空闲目录加入忙碌目录列表,将该空闲目录的父目录及所有祖父目录的引用计数加一;随机确定该空闲目录的操作是否为打开目录(根据随机数确定操作前提),若是,按照全局配置信息中需要打开目录的操作项个数(表1示例为3),从需要打开目录的操作内容中选取操作项个数个操作项,将选取出的操作项加入测试等待队列中;若空闲目录的操作不是打开目录,按照全局配置信息中不需要打开目录的操作项个数,从不需要打开目录的操作内容中选取操作项个数个操作项,将选取出的操作项加入测试等待队列中。对于新建目录操作,从已存在目录中选取新建目录的父目录,在该父目录下新建目录并随机生成目录名称,构建新建目录的操作项,将该操作项加入测试等待队列中,并将其父目录及所有祖先目录的引用计数加1。根据全局配置信息中配置的等待队列长度,判断测试等待队列满时,利用操作日志线程将测试等待队列中的所有操作项导入操作日志中,利用调度线程从操作日志中取出所有操作项,利用工作线程对各操作项执行相对应的操作;所有操作项的操作执行之后,将目录操作所涉及的父目录及祖先目录的引用计数减1,将忙碌目录列表中的目录移入空闲操作列表中。For example, for directory operations: randomly select whether to operate on an existing directory or create a new directory. If it is an operation on an existing directory, select an idle directory from the idle operation list, add the idle directory to the busy directory list, and add the idle directory to the busy directory list. Add one to the reference counts of the parent directory and all grandparent directories of the free directory; randomly determine whether the operation of the free directory is to open the directory (determine the operation premise according to the random number), if so, according to the number of operation items that need to open the directory in the global configuration information (The example in Table 1 is 3), select the number of operation items from the operation content that needs to open the directory, and add the selected operation items to the test waiting queue; if the operation of the idle directory is not to open the directory, according to the global configuration information The number of operation items that do not need to open the directory, select the number of operation items from the operation content that does not need to open the directory, and add the selected operation items to the test waiting queue. For the operation of creating a new directory, select the parent directory of the new directory from the existing directory, create a new directory under the parent directory and randomly generate the directory name, construct the operation item of the new directory, add the operation item to the test waiting queue, and put it in the test waiting queue. The reference count of the parent directory and all ancestor directories is incremented by 1. According to the length of the waiting queue configured in the global configuration information, when it is judged that the test waiting queue is full, use the operation log thread to import all operation items in the test waiting queue into the operation log, use the scheduling thread to retrieve all operation items from the operation log, and use the job The thread performs the corresponding operation on each operation item; after the operation of all operation items is executed, the reference count of the parent directory and ancestor directory involved in the directory operation is decremented by 1, and the directory in the busy directory list is moved into the idle operation list.
对于文件操作:随机选择是对已有文件操作或是新建文件操作,若为对已有文件操作,从空闲操作列表中选取空闲文件,将该空闲文件加入忙碌文件列表,将该空闲文件的父目录及所有祖父目录的引用计数加一;随机确定该空闲文件的操作是否为打开文件(根据随机数确定操作前提),若是,按照全局配置信息中需要打开文件的操作项个数(表1示例为500),从需要打开文件的操作内容中选取操作项个数个操作项,将选取出的操作项加入测试等待队列中;若空闲文件的操作不是打开文件,按照全局配置信息中不需要打开文件的操作项个数,从不需要打开文件的操作内容中选取操作项个数个操作项,将选取出的操作项加入测试等待队列中。对于新建文件操作,从现有文件中选取新建文件的父目录,在该父目录下新建文件并随机生成文件名称,构建新建文件的操作项,将该操作项加入测试等待队列中,并将其父目录及所有祖先目录的引用计数加1。判断测试等待队列满时,利用操作日志线程将测试等待队列中的所有操作项导入操作日志中,利用调度线程从操作日志中取出所有操作项,利用工作线程对各操作项执行相对应的操作;所有操作项的操作执行之后,将文件操作所涉及的父目录及祖先目录的引用计数减1,将忙碌文件列表中的文件移入空闲操作列表中。For file operations: randomly select whether to operate on an existing file or create a new file. If it is an operation on an existing file, select an idle file from the idle operation list, add the idle file to the busy file list, and select the parent of the idle file. Add one to the reference count of the directory and all grandparent directories; randomly determine whether the operation of the free file is to open a file (determine the operation premise according to the random number), if so, according to the number of operation items that need to open the file in the global configuration information (Table 1 example is 500), select the number of operation items from the operation content that needs to open the file, and add the selected operation items to the test waiting queue; if the operation of the idle file is not to open the file, it does not need to be opened according to the global configuration information. The number of operation items of the file, select the number of operation items from the operation contents that do not need to open the file, and add the selected operation items to the test waiting queue. For the new file operation, select the parent directory of the new file from the existing files, create a new file in the parent directory and generate the file name randomly, construct the operation item of the new file, add the operation item to the test waiting queue, and put it in the test waiting queue. The reference count of the parent directory and all ancestor directories is incremented by 1. When it is judged that the test waiting queue is full, use the operation log thread to import all the operation items in the test waiting queue into the operation log, use the scheduling thread to take out all the operation items from the operation log, and use the worker thread to perform the corresponding operation on each operation item; After the operations of all operation items are executed, the reference counts of the parent directories and ancestor directories involved in the file operation are decremented by 1, and the files in the busy file list are moved into the idle operation list.
对于软链接操作,从空闲操作列表中的已有软连接操作列表中选取一个空闲软连接,构建该空闲软连接的操作项,将该操作项加入测试等待队列中,并将该软连接添加于忙碌软连接列表中,将其父目录及祖父目录的引用计数加一;判断测试等待队列已满时,利用操作日志线程将测试等待队列中的所有操作组均导入操作日志中,利用调度线程从操作日志中提取出所有操作项,利用工作线程对各操作项执行相对应的操作;所有操作项的操作执行之后,将软连接操作所涉及的父目录及祖先目录的引用计数减1,将忙碌软连接列表中的软连接移入空闲操作列表中。For the soft link operation, select an idle soft connection from the existing soft connection operation list in the idle operation list, construct the operation item of the idle soft connection, add the operation item to the test waiting queue, and add the soft connection to the In the busy soft connection list, add one to the reference count of its parent directory and grandparent directory; when it is judged that the test waiting queue is full, use the operation log thread to import all operation groups in the test waiting queue into the operation log, and use the scheduling thread to Extract all operation items from the operation log, and use worker threads to perform corresponding operations on each operation item; after the operations of all operation items are executed, the reference count of the parent directory and ancestor directory involved in the soft link operation is decremented by 1, which will be busy. The soft connection in the soft connection list is moved into the idle operation list.
本实施例中,所述集群文件系统测试方法,还包括:对测试结果进行校验,包括:In this embodiment, the cluster file system testing method further includes: verifying the test result, including:
基于操作项的操作对象的操作,对用于校验的文件系统的同一操作对象执行同样的操作,得到操作结果;Based on the operation of the operation object of the operation item, perform the same operation on the same operation object of the file system used for verification, and obtain the operation result;
将测试结果与操作结果进行比较;Compare test results with operational results;
若一致则校验通过,否则将不一致的操作结果和测试结果输出至校验结果日志中。If they are consistent, the verification is passed; otherwise, the inconsistent operation results and test results are output to the verification result log.
本实施例中,基于集群文件系统的待测项的测试结果,对用于校验的文件系统的操作结果进行对比校验,将结果不一致的校验结果输出至校验结果日志中,能够实现集群文件系统与系统内核文件系统的同时测试与对比,降低时间成本,提高测试效率,而且,通过集群文件系统与系统内核文件系统的同时操作与结果对比,能够确定二者执行系统调用操作上所存在的差异,进而根据记录的差异对集群文件系统进行优化,从而提高集群文件系统的兼容性与可移植性。In this embodiment, based on the test results of the items to be tested in the cluster file system, the operation results of the file system used for verification are compared and verified, and the verification results with inconsistent results are output to the verification result log, which can realize Simultaneous testing and comparison of the cluster file system and the system kernel file system reduces the time cost and improves the test efficiency. Moreover, through the simultaneous operation and result comparison between the cluster file system and the system kernel file system, it can be determined that the two perform system call operations. Existing differences, and then optimize the cluster file system according to the recorded differences, thereby improving the compatibility and portability of the cluster file system.
可选的,系统内核文件系统例如包括UFS,ZFS,ext3,XFS,NTFS等文件系统,本说明书不做具体限定。Optionally, the system kernel file system includes, for example, UFS, ZFS, ext3, XFS, NTFS and other file systems, which are not specifically limited in this specification.
需要说明的是,本说明书一个或多个实施例的方法可以由单个设备执行,例如一台计算机或服务器等。本实施例的方法也可以应用于分布式场景下,由多台设备相互配合来完成。在这种分布式场景的情况下,这多台设备中的一台设备可以只执行本说明书一个或多个实施例的方法中的某一个或多个步骤,这多台设备相互之间会进行交互以完成所述的方法。It should be noted that the methods of one or more embodiments of this specification may be executed by a single device, such as a computer or a server. The method in this embodiment can also be applied in a distributed scenario, and is completed by the cooperation of multiple devices. In the case of such a distributed scenario, one device among the multiple devices may only execute one or more steps in the method of one or more embodiments of the present specification, and the multiple devices may perform operations on each other. interact to complete the described method.
上述对本说明书特定实施例进行了描述。其它实施例在所附权利要求书的范围内。在一些情况下,在权利要求书中记载的动作或步骤可以按照不同于实施例中的顺序来执行并且仍然可以实现期望的结果。另外,在附图中描绘的过程不一定要求示出的特定顺序或者连续顺序才能实现期望的结果。在某些实施方式中,多任务处理和并行处理也是可以的或者可能是有利的。The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. Additionally, the processes depicted in the figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.
如图2所示,本说明书实施例还提供一种集群文件系统测试装置,包括:As shown in FIG. 2 , an embodiment of this specification further provides a cluster file system testing device, including:
读取模块,用于读取配置文件;所述配置文件包括全局配置信息和待测项的配置信息;a reading module for reading a configuration file; the configuration file includes global configuration information and configuration information of the item to be tested;
创建模块,用于根据所述全局配置信息,创建包括至少一个待测项的测试项集合;A creation module is used to create a test item set including at least one to-be-tested item according to the global configuration information;
选取模块,用于根据所述待测项的配置信息,从所述测试项集合中选取目标测试项;a selection module for selecting a target test item from the test item set according to the configuration information of the item to be tested;
测试模块,用于对目标测试项进行测试,得到测试结果。The test module is used to test the target test item and obtain the test result.
为了描述的方便,描述以上装置时以功能分为各种模块分别描述。当然,在实施本说明书一个或多个实施例时可以把各模块的功能在同一个或多个软件和/或硬件中实现。For the convenience of description, when describing the above device, the functions are divided into various modules and described respectively. Of course, when implementing one or more embodiments of this specification, the functions of each module may be implemented in one or more software and/or hardware.
上述实施例的装置用于实现前述实施例中相应的方法,并且具有相应的方法实施例的有益效果,在此不再赘述。The apparatuses in the foregoing embodiments are used to implement the corresponding methods in the foregoing embodiments, and have the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
图3示出了本实施例所提供的一种更为具体的电子设备硬件结构示意图,该设备可以包括:处理器1010、存储器1020、输入/输出接口1030、通信接口1040和总线1050。其中处理器1010、存储器1020、输入/输出接口1030和通信接口1040通过总线1050实现彼此之间在设备内部的通信连接。FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a more specific hardware structure of an electronic device provided in this embodiment. The device may include: a
处理器1010可以采用通用的CPU(Central Processing Unit,中央处理器)、微处理器、应用专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit,ASIC)、或者一个或多个集成电路等方式实现,用于执行相关程序,以实现本说明书实施例所提供的技术方案。The
存储器1020可以采用ROM(Read Only Memory,只读存储器)、RAM(Random AccessMemory,随机存取存储器)、静态存储设备,动态存储设备等形式实现。存储器1020可以存储操作系统和其他应用程序,在通过软件或者固件来实现本说明书实施例所提供的技术方案时,相关的程序代码保存在存储器1020中,并由处理器1010来调用执行。The
输入/输出接口1030用于连接输入/输出模块,以实现信息输入及输出。输入输出/模块可以作为组件配置在设备中(图中未示出),也可以外接于设备以提供相应功能。其中输入设备可以包括键盘、鼠标、触摸屏、麦克风、各类传感器等,输出设备可以包括显示器、扬声器、振动器、指示灯等。The input/
通信接口1040用于连接通信模块(图中未示出),以实现本设备与其他设备的通信交互。其中通信模块可以通过有线方式(例如USB、网线等)实现通信,也可以通过无线方式(例如移动网络、WIFI、蓝牙等)实现通信。The
总线1050包括一通路,在设备的各个组件(例如处理器1010、存储器1020、输入/输出接口1030和通信接口1040)之间传输信息。
需要说明的是,尽管上述设备仅示出了处理器1010、存储器1020、输入/输出接口1030、通信接口1040以及总线1050,但是在具体实施过程中,该设备还可以包括实现正常运行所必需的其他组件。此外,本领域的技术人员可以理解的是,上述设备中也可以仅包含实现本说明书实施例方案所必需的组件,而不必包含图中所示的全部组件。It should be noted that although the above-mentioned device only shows the
本实施例的计算机可读介质包括永久性和非永久性、可移动和非可移动媒体可以由任何方法或技术来实现信息存储。信息可以是计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序的模块或其他数据。计算机的存储介质的例子包括,但不限于相变内存(PRAM)、静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)、其他类型的随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)、快闪记忆体或其他内存技术、只读光盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)、数字多功能光盘(DVD)或其他光学存储、磁盒式磁带,磁带磁磁盘存储或其他磁性存储设备或任何其他非传输介质,可用于存储可以被计算设备访问的信息。The computer readable medium of this embodiment includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media and can be implemented by any method or technology for information storage. Information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), Flash Memory or other memory technology, Compact Disc Read Only Memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) or other optical storage, Magnetic tape cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device.
所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解:以上任何实施例的讨论仅为示例性的,并非旨在暗示本公开的范围(包括权利要求)被限于这些例子;在本公开的思路下,以上实施例或者不同实施例中的技术特征之间也可以进行组合,步骤可以以任意顺序实现,并存在如上所述的本说明书一个或多个实施例的不同方面的许多其它变化,为了简明它们没有在细节中提供。It should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is only exemplary, and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present disclosure (including the claims) is limited to these examples; under the spirit of the present disclosure, the above embodiments or Technical features in different embodiments may also be combined, steps may be carried out in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of one or more embodiments of this specification as described above, which are not in detail for the sake of brevity supply.
另外,为简化说明和讨论,并且为了不会使本说明书一个或多个实施例难以理解,在所提供的附图中可以示出或可以不示出与集成电路(IC)芯片和其它部件的公知的电源/接地连接。此外,可以以框图的形式示出装置,以便避免使本说明书一个或多个实施例难以理解,并且这也考虑了以下事实,即关于这些框图装置的实施方式的细节是高度取决于将要实施本说明书一个或多个实施例的平台的(即,这些细节应当完全处于本领域技术人员的理解范围内)。在阐述了具体细节(例如,电路)以描述本公开的示例性实施例的情况下,对本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是,可以在没有这些具体细节的情况下或者这些具体细节有变化的情况下实施本说明书一个或多个实施例。因此,这些描述应被认为是说明性的而不是限制性的。Additionally, in order to simplify illustration and discussion, and in order not to obscure one or more embodiments of this specification, the figures provided may or may not be shown in connection with integrated circuit (IC) chips and other components. Well known power/ground connections. Furthermore, devices may be shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring one or more embodiments of this description, and this also takes into account the fact that details regarding the implementation of such block diagram devices are highly dependent on the implementation of the invention (ie, these details should be well within the understanding of those skilled in the art) of the platform describing one or more embodiments. Where specific details (eg, circuits) are set forth to describe exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details may be used without or with variations One or more embodiments of this specification are implemented below. Accordingly, these descriptions are to be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.
尽管已经结合了本公开的具体实施例对本公开进行了描述,但是根据前面的描述,这些实施例的很多替换、修改和变型对本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。例如,其它存储器架构(例如,动态RAM(DRAM))可以使用所讨论的实施例。Although the present disclosure has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many alternatives, modifications, and variations to these embodiments will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures (eg, dynamic RAM (DRAM)) may use the discussed embodiments.
本说明书一个或多个实施例旨在涵盖落入所附权利要求的宽泛范围之内的所有这样的替换、修改和变型。因此,凡在本说明书一个或多个实施例的精神和原则之内,所做的任何省略、修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。The embodiment or embodiments of this specification are intended to cover all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of one or more embodiments of the present specification should be included within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
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