CN111633328A - A kind of weak atmosphere environment laser welding device and method - Google Patents
A kind of weak atmosphere environment laser welding device and method Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
- B23K26/1224—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in vacuum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
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Abstract
本发明一种弱气氛环境激光焊接装置及方法，包括以下步骤：S1、将待焊工件放入工作舱室内，通过保护气体储存装置和排气装置，使工作舱室内的气氛环境形成低真空下的保护气体氛围；S2、打开气体循环装置，焊接头发出激光穿过设于工作舱室表面的透光镜片，对待焊工件进行焊接，完成焊接后将工件取出。短时间内实现适用于激光焊接的弱气氛环境，改变了传统通过抽真空达到激光焊接环境的方式，缩短了抽真空时间，提高了焊接效率；通过弱气氛环境下的气体循环净化，及时对工作舱室内烟尘进行除尘净化，保证激光焊接过程的长时间运行和高质量的焊接。
A laser welding device and method in a weak atmosphere environment of the present invention includes the following steps: S1. Put the workpiece to be welded into a working cabin, and use a protective gas storage device and an exhaust device to make the atmosphere in the working cabin form a low vacuum. the protective gas atmosphere; S2, turn on the gas circulation device, the welding head emits laser light through the light-transmitting lens set on the surface of the working chamber, welds the workpiece to be welded, and takes out the workpiece after the welding is completed. The weak atmosphere environment suitable for laser welding is realized in a short time, which changes the traditional way of reaching the laser welding environment by vacuuming, shortens the vacuuming time, and improves the welding efficiency. The smoke and dust in the cabin are dedusted and purified to ensure long-term operation and high-quality welding of the laser welding process.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及激光焊接领域，特别涉及一种弱气氛环境激光焊接装置及方法。The invention relates to the field of laser welding, in particular to a laser welding device and method in a weak atmosphere environment.
背景技术Background technique
激光焊接相比于传统焊接方法，具有自动化程度高、焊缝均匀美观、焊后工件变形量小等优点。在金属材料激光焊接的过程中，往往需要采用通入保护气体以避免材料在高温下的氧化(如使用惰性气体保护等)，但对于形状复杂的零件难以全方位保护，而真空激光焊接技术可以避免金属材料高温氧化，而且有效抑制焊接过程的等离子体羽辉，使焊接熔深显著提高、焊缝成形及气孔等缺陷得到改善。但要达到真空激光焊接的环境，先要对工作舱室进行抽真空，目前的真空焊接技术普遍真空度要求高，使得真空装置成本高、抽气时间长、综合焊接效率低，而且焊接过程中产生的飞溅、烟尘由于缺少载体无法有效的抽排，影响了焊接效果的进一步提高。Compared with traditional welding methods, laser welding has the advantages of high degree of automation, uniform and beautiful welding seam, and small deformation of the workpiece after welding. In the process of laser welding of metal materials, it is often necessary to introduce protective gas to avoid oxidation of the material at high temperature (such as using inert gas protection, etc.), but it is difficult to protect the parts with complex shapes in all directions, and vacuum laser welding technology can It avoids high temperature oxidation of metal materials, and effectively suppresses the plasma plume in the welding process, so that the welding penetration is significantly improved, and the defects such as weld formation and porosity are improved. However, in order to achieve a vacuum laser welding environment, the working chamber must be evacuated first. The current vacuum welding technology generally requires a high degree of vacuum, which makes the vacuum device cost high, the pumping time is long, and the comprehensive welding efficiency is low. Due to the lack of a carrier, the spatter and smoke cannot be effectively extracted, which affects the further improvement of the welding effect.
申请号为201920016636.3的中国实用新型专利，虽通过吸尘装置可将焊接过程中产生的少量的粉尘和小颗粒焊渣，从密闭型腔体中清除，但该装置与传统的抽真空焊接装置均存在抽气时间长，焊接效率低的问题，此外该装置是通过抽真空进行焊接后，再通入空气进行循环排渣，焊接过程中产生的粉尘和焊渣无法及时排除，不能应用于高质量、长时间焊接的环境。The Chinese utility model patent with the application number of 201920016636.3, although a small amount of dust and small particles of welding slag generated during the welding process can be removed from the closed cavity by the dust suction device, but the device is different from the traditional vacuum welding device. There are problems such as long pumping time and low welding efficiency. In addition, the device is welded by vacuuming, and then air is introduced for circulating slag discharge. The dust and welding slag generated during the welding process cannot be removed in time and cannot be applied to high-quality products. , long-term welding environment.
基于此，需发明一种新的激光焊接方法，可以在短时间内实现适用于激光焊接的气氛环境，并及时对工作舱室内烟尘进行除尘净化，以保证激光焊接过程的长时间运行。Based on this, it is necessary to invent a new laser welding method, which can realize an atmosphere suitable for laser welding in a short time, and dedust and purify the smoke and dust in the working cabin in time to ensure the long-term operation of the laser welding process.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明提出一种弱气氛环境激光焊接装置及方法，通过低真空加少量惰性气体保护的形式，达到弱气氛环境激光焊接，极大地降低了现有真空激光焊接成本高、效率低的问题，同时惰性气体作为载体，更有效地去除了焊接过程中产生的烟尘及飞溅物，实现更大的焊接深度、更好的焊接质量和表面质量。The present invention provides a laser welding device and method in a weak atmosphere environment, which achieves laser welding in a weak atmosphere environment by adding a small amount of inert gas protection in a low vacuum, greatly reducing the problems of high cost and low efficiency of the existing vacuum laser welding, and at the same time The inert gas acts as a carrier to more effectively remove the fumes and spatters generated during the welding process, achieving greater welding depth, better welding quality and surface quality.
一种弱气氛环境激光焊接方法，包括以下步骤：A laser welding method in a weak atmosphere environment, comprising the following steps:
S1、将待焊工件放入工作舱室内，通过保护气体储存装置和排气装置，使工作舱室内的气氛环境形成低真空下的保护气体氛围；S1. Put the workpiece to be welded into the working cabin, and through the protective gas storage device and the exhaust device, make the atmosphere in the working cabin form a protective gas atmosphere under low vacuum;
S2、打开气体循环装置，焊接头发出激光穿过设于工作舱室表面的透光镜片，对待焊工件进行焊接，完成焊接后将工件取出。S2. Turn on the gas circulation device, and the welding head emits laser light through the light-transmitting lens set on the surface of the working chamber to weld the workpiece to be welded, and take out the workpiece after the welding is completed.
进一步地，步骤S1中，所述低真空下的保护气体氛围通过工作舱室内的压力传感器和氧含量传感器获得，所述压力传感器的低真空度为10-1000Pa，所述氧含量传感器的氧含量为1000ppm以下。Further, in step S1, the protective gas atmosphere under the low vacuum is obtained by the pressure sensor and the oxygen content sensor in the working chamber, the low vacuum degree of the pressure sensor is 10-1000Pa, and the oxygen content of the oxygen content sensor is 10-1000Pa. 1000ppm or less.
进一步地，步骤S1中，所述低真空下的保护气体氛围通过步骤S11或S12得到；Further, in step S1, the protective gas atmosphere under the low vacuum is obtained through step S11 or S12;
S11、开启保护气体储存装置和排气装置，使保护气体快速充入工作舱室内，观察氧传感器数值降为预定值后，关闭保护气体储存装置，观察压力传感器数值至低真空状态后，关闭排气装置；S11. Open the protective gas storage device and the exhaust device, so that the protective gas is quickly filled into the working chamber, and after observing that the value of the oxygen sensor drops to a predetermined value, close the protective gas storage device, and observe that the value of the pressure sensor reaches a low vacuum state, and then close the exhaust gas. gas device;
S12、开启排气装置，观察氧传感器数值降为预定值后，关闭排气装置，开启保护气体储存装置，观察压力传感器数值至低真空状态后，关闭保护气体储存装置。S12, open the exhaust device, observe that after the oxygen sensor value drops to a predetermined value, close the exhaust device, open the protective gas storage device, observe the pressure sensor value to a low vacuum state, close the protective gas storage device.
更进一步地，步骤S2中，所述打开气体循环装置使工作舱室内循环的气体流量在10-100M3/h。Further, in step S2, the gas circulation device is turned on so that the gas flow rate circulating in the working cabin is 10-100 M 3 /h.
进一步具体地，所述保护气体储存装置中的气体为氦气、氩气、氮气中的任一种。More specifically, the gas in the protective gas storage device is any one of helium, argon, and nitrogen.
所述的方法进行弱气氛环境激光焊接装置，包括工作舱室，所述工作舱室外部设有焊接头，所述工作舱室外表面设有透光镜片，所述工作舱室内设有压力传感器和氧含量传感器，还包括保护气体储存装置、气体循环装置、排气装置，所述保护气体储存装置、气体循环装置、排气装置与工作舱室连通。The method for laser welding in a weak atmosphere environment includes a working cabin, a welding head is arranged outside the working cabin, a light-transmitting lens is arranged on the outer surface of the working cabin, and a pressure sensor and an oxygen content are arranged in the working cabin. The sensor also includes a protective gas storage device, a gas circulation device, and an exhaust device, and the protective gas storage device, the gas circulation device, and the exhaust device communicate with the working chamber.
进一步具体地，所述透光镜片为透光率95％以上的石英玻璃。More specifically, the light-transmitting lens is quartz glass with a light transmittance of more than 95%.
进一步地，所述工作舱室外表面设有观察窗。Further, an observation window is provided on the outer surface of the working cabin.
更进一步具体地，所述工作舱室为矩形体或圆柱体，外表面包括侧面和/或顶面。More specifically, the working cabin is a rectangular body or a cylindrical body, and the outer surface includes a side surface and/or a top surface.
进一步地，所述气体循环装置设于工作舱室外部或内部。Further, the gas circulation device is arranged outside or inside the working cabin.
进一步地，所述保护气体储存装置、气体循环装置、排气装置设于工作舱室外部，所述工作舱室上设有保护气体进气口、循环气体进气口、舱室出气口，所述保护气体进气口与保护气体储存装置连通，所述循环气体进气口、舱室出气口与气体循环装置连通，所述气体循环装置上设有滤芯，所述舱室出气口与排气装置连通。Further, the protective gas storage device, the gas circulation device, and the exhaust device are arranged outside the working cabin, and the working cabin is provided with a protective gas inlet, a circulating gas inlet, and a cabin air outlet. The air inlet is communicated with the protective gas storage device, the circulating gas air inlet and the cabin air outlet are communicated with the gas circulation device, the gas circulation device is provided with a filter element, and the cabin air outlet is communicated with the exhaust device.
进一步地，所述滤芯与气体循环装置可拆卸连接，所述滤芯的过滤粒径大于等于3微米。Further, the filter element is detachably connected to the gas circulation device, and the filter particle size of the filter element is greater than or equal to 3 microns.
进一步地，所述排气装置为真空泵和/或排气阀。Further, the exhaust device is a vacuum pump and/or an exhaust valve.
更进一步地，所述焊接头与驱动组件连接。Further, the welding head is connected with the drive assembly.
进一步地，所述焊接头为光纤激光器或YAG激光器。Further, the welding head is a fiber laser or a YAG laser.
本发明一种弱气氛环境激光焊接装置及方法主要优点是：The main advantages of the weak atmosphere laser welding device and method of the present invention are:
1、短时间内实现适用于激光焊接的弱气氛环境，改变了传统通过抽真空达到激光焊接环境的方式，缩短了抽真空时间，提高了焊接效率；1. The weak atmosphere environment suitable for laser welding can be realized in a short time, which has changed the traditional way of reaching the laser welding environment by vacuuming, shortening the vacuuming time and improving the welding efficiency;
2、通过弱气氛环境下的气体循环净化，及时对工作舱室内烟尘进行除尘净化，保证激光焊接过程的长时间运行和高质量的焊接；2. Through the gas circulation purification in the weak atmosphere environment, the dust and dust in the working cabin can be dedusted and purified in time to ensure the long-term operation and high-quality welding of the laser welding process;
3、无需将工作舱室抽至高真空度环境，降低了对抽真空装置的要求，进而降低激光焊接装置的制造成本；3. There is no need to pump the working chamber to a high vacuum environment, which reduces the requirements for the vacuum pumping device, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the laser welding device;
4、采用排气装置加气体循环装置的形式，提升了抽真空效率，保证了焊接过程中烟尘及飞溅物的及时去除，同时节约了惰性气体的使用量；4. The use of exhaust device and gas circulation device improves the vacuuming efficiency, ensures the timely removal of dust and splashes during the welding process, and saves the amount of inert gas used;
5、对焊接过程实现全方位实时保护，避免金属材料在高温下产生氧化。5. Realize all-round real-time protection for the welding process to avoid oxidation of metal materials at high temperatures.
总之，使用该弱气氛环境激光焊接装置及方法，可以有效避免高真空度要求下焊接所产生的高成本、低效率缺点，并且内部少量的惰性气体作为焊接中烟尘及飞溅物的载体，可以更好的将焊接中产生的烟尘及飞溅物去除，大幅提升了焊缝的质量。气体循环装置及滤芯使舱室内部少量的惰性气体可以循环利用，进一步降低了成本。In a word, using the laser welding device and method in a weak atmosphere environment can effectively avoid the disadvantages of high cost and low efficiency caused by welding under the requirement of high vacuum degree, and a small amount of inert gas inside is used as the carrier of fume and spatter in welding, which can be more It is good to remove the fumes and spatters generated during welding, which greatly improves the quality of the welding seam. The gas circulation device and filter element allow a small amount of inert gas in the cabin to be recycled, which further reduces the cost.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为实施例1中弱气氛环境激光焊接装置的整体结构示意图；1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a laser welding device in a weak atmosphere environment in Example 1;
其中，1-焊接头；2-工作舱室；3-压力传感器；4-氧含量传感器；5-舱室出气口；6-电磁阀门开关；7-排气装置；8-气体循环装置；9-循环气体进气口；10-工件；11-保护气体进气口；12-保护气体储存装置；13-透光镜片。Among them, 1-welding head; 2-working chamber; 3-pressure sensor; 4-oxygen content sensor; 5-air outlet of chamber; 6-electromagnetic valve switch; 7-exhaust device; 8-gas circulation device; 9-circulation Gas inlet; 10-workpiece; 11-protective gas inlet; 12-protective gas storage device; 13-translucent lens.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，均属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
一种弱气氛环境激光焊接方法，包括以下步骤：A laser welding method in a weak atmosphere environment, comprising the following steps:
S1、将待焊工件放入工作舱室内，通过保护气体储存装置和排气装置，使工作舱室内的气氛环境形成低真空下的保护气体氛围；S1. Put the workpiece to be welded into the working cabin, and through the protective gas storage device and the exhaust device, make the atmosphere in the working cabin form a protective gas atmosphere under low vacuum;
S2、打开气体循环装置，焊接头发出激光穿过设于工作舱室表面的透光镜片，对待焊工件进行焊接，完成焊接后将工件取出。S2. Turn on the gas circulation device, and the welding head emits laser light through the light-transmitting lens set on the surface of the working chamber to weld the workpiece to be welded, and take out the workpiece after the welding is completed.
步骤S1中，所述低真空下的保护气体氛围通过工作舱室内的压力传感器和氧含量传感器获得，所述压力传感器的低真空度为10-1000Pa，所述氧含量传感器的氧含量为1000ppm以下。In step S1, the protective gas atmosphere under the low vacuum is obtained by the pressure sensor and the oxygen content sensor in the working chamber, the low vacuum degree of the pressure sensor is 10-1000Pa, and the oxygen content of the oxygen content sensor is below 1000ppm .
如图1所示，采用所述方法进行弱气氛环境激光焊接装置，包括工作舱室，所述工作舱室外部设有焊接头，所述工作舱室外表面设有透光镜片，外表面包括顶面和侧面，所述工作舱室内设有压力传感器和氧含量传感器，还包括保护气体储存装置、气体循环装置、排气装置，所述保护气体储存装置、气体循环装置、排气装置与工作舱室连通。As shown in FIG. 1 , a laser welding device in a weak atmosphere environment using the method includes a working cabin, a welding head is arranged outside the working cabin, a light-transmitting lens is arranged on the outer surface of the working cabin, and the outer surface includes a top surface and a On the side, the working cabin is provided with a pressure sensor and an oxygen content sensor, and also includes a protective gas storage device, a gas circulation device, and an exhaust device, and the protective gas storage device, gas circulation device, and exhaust device are communicated with the working cabin.
所述透光镜片为透光率95％以上的石英玻璃。The light-transmitting lens is quartz glass with a light transmittance of more than 95%.
所述保护气体储存装置、气体循环装置、排气装置设于工作舱室外部，所述工作舱室上设有保护气体进气口、循环气体进气口、舱室出气口，所述保护气体进气口与保护气体储存装置连通，所述循环气体进气口、舱室出气口与气体循环装置连通，所述气体循环装置上设有滤芯，所述舱室出气口与排气装置连通。The protective gas storage device, the gas circulation device, and the exhaust device are arranged outside the working cabin. The working cabin is provided with a protective gas inlet, a circulating gas inlet, and a cabin air outlet. The protective gas inlet It is communicated with the protective gas storage device, the circulating gas inlet and the cabin air outlet are communicated with the gas circulation device, the gas circulation device is provided with a filter element, and the cabin air outlet is communicated with the exhaust device.
所述滤芯与气体循环装置可拆卸连接，所述滤芯的过滤粒径大于等于3微米。所述排气装置为真空泵和排气阀(即图1中电磁阀门开关)，另一实施例中为排气阀。The filter element is detachably connected to the gas circulation device, and the filter particle size of the filter element is greater than or equal to 3 microns. The exhaust device is a vacuum pump and an exhaust valve (ie, the solenoid valve switch in FIG. 1 ), and in another embodiment, an exhaust valve.
工作舱室为可方便取出和放入工件的开合结构，本实施例中工作舱室为矩形体，侧面为通过合页开闭的舱门，同时舱门周边设有密封结构，所述保护气体储存装置中的气体为氦气。将待焊工件放入工作舱室内，开启保护气体储存装置和排气阀，其中保护气体进气口设于工作舱室上方，舱室出气口设于工作舱室下方，充入保护气体时，由于保护气体(氦气)较空气轻可自动将部分空气排出工作舱室(即向下排空气法)，保护气体快速充入工作舱室内，观察氧传感器数值降为预定值后，关闭保护气体储存装置，再开启真空泵，观察压力传感器数值至低真空状态后，压力传感器的低真空度为900Pa时关闭真空泵；The working cabin is an opening and closing structure that can easily take out and put in the workpiece. In this embodiment, the working cabin is a rectangular body, and the side is a hatch that is opened and closed through hinges. At the same time, there is a sealing structure around the hatch, and the protective gas is stored The gas in the device is helium. Put the workpiece to be welded into the working cabin, open the protective gas storage device and the exhaust valve, wherein the protective gas inlet is set above the working cabin, and the cabin air outlet is set below the working cabin. (Helium) is lighter than air, and part of the air can be automatically discharged from the working chamber (that is, the downward air discharge method), and the protective gas is quickly filled into the working chamber. Turn on the vacuum pump, observe the pressure sensor value to the low vacuum state, close the vacuum pump when the low vacuum degree of the pressure sensor is 900Pa;
打开气体循环装置使工作舱室内循环的气体流量在20M3/h，焊接头发出激光穿过设于工作舱室表面的透光镜片，对待焊工件进行焊接，气体循环装置带动保护气体持续流动，将焊接过程中烟尘及飞溅物及时通过滤芯去除，完成焊接后开启排气阀，打破工作舱室内的低真空环境后，将工件取出。Turn on the gas circulation device to make the circulating gas flow in the working chamber at 20M 3 /h. The welding head emits laser light and passes through the light-transmitting lens set on the surface of the working chamber to weld the workpiece to be welded. During the welding process, the dust and spatter are removed through the filter element in time. After the welding is completed, the exhaust valve is opened to break the low vacuum environment in the working chamber, and then the workpiece is taken out.
实施例2Example 2
一种弱气氛环境激光焊接方法，包括以下步骤：A laser welding method in a weak atmosphere environment, comprising the following steps:
S1、将待焊工件放入工作舱室内，通过保护气体储存装置和排气装置，使工作舱室内的气氛环境形成低真空下的保护气体氛围；S1. Put the workpiece to be welded into the working cabin, and through the protective gas storage device and the exhaust device, make the atmosphere in the working cabin form a protective gas atmosphere under low vacuum;
S2、打开气体循环装置，焊接头发出激光穿过设于工作舱室表面的透光镜片，对待焊工件进行焊接，完成焊接后将工件取出。S2. Turn on the gas circulation device, and the welding head emits laser light through the light-transmitting lens set on the surface of the working chamber to weld the workpiece to be welded, and take out the workpiece after the welding is completed.
步骤S1中，所述低真空下的保护气体氛围通过工作舱室内的压力传感器和氧含量传感器获得，所述压力传感器的低真空度为100Pa，所述氧含量传感器的氧含量为1000ppm以下。In step S1, the protective gas atmosphere under the low vacuum is obtained by a pressure sensor and an oxygen content sensor in the working chamber, the low vacuum degree of the pressure sensor is 100 Pa, and the oxygen content of the oxygen content sensor is below 1000 ppm.
所述的方法进行弱气氛环境激光焊接装置，包括工作舱室，所述工作舱室外部设有焊接头，所述工作舱室外表面设有透光镜片，所述工作舱室内设有压力传感器和氧含量传感器，还包括保护气体储存装置、气体循环装置、排气装置，所述保护气体储存装置、气体循环装置、排气装置与工作舱室连通。The method for laser welding in a weak atmosphere environment includes a working cabin, a welding head is arranged outside the working cabin, a light-transmitting lens is arranged on the outer surface of the working cabin, and a pressure sensor and an oxygen content are arranged in the working cabin. The sensor also includes a protective gas storage device, a gas circulation device, and an exhaust device, and the protective gas storage device, the gas circulation device, and the exhaust device communicate with the working chamber.
所述保护气体储存装置、气体循环装置、排气装置设于工作舱室外部，所述工作舱室上设有保护气体进气口、循环气体进气口、舱室出气口，所述保护气体进气口与保护气体储存装置连通，所述循环气体进气口、舱室出气口与气体循环装置连通，所述气体循环装置上设有滤芯，所述舱室出气口与排气装置连通。The protective gas storage device, the gas circulation device, and the exhaust device are arranged outside the working cabin. The working cabin is provided with a protective gas inlet, a circulating gas inlet, and a cabin air outlet. The protective gas inlet It is communicated with the protective gas storage device, the circulating gas inlet and the cabin air outlet are communicated with the gas circulation device, the gas circulation device is provided with a filter element, and the cabin air outlet is communicated with the exhaust device.
所述滤芯与气体循环装置可拆卸连接，其中可拆卸连接的结构为常规的螺纹式或卡扣式，滤芯设置于气体循环装置中保护气体流通的管道内，管道通过螺纹连接，当滤芯工作一段时间后及时更换时，拆除更换以达到最好的除尘效果，常规结构滤芯即可满足要求，具有成本低、易于维修、易于更换的优点，所述滤芯的过滤粒径大于等于3微米。所述排气装置为真空泵，保护气体为氩气，其中保护气体进气口设于工作舱室下方，舱室出气口设于工作舱室上方，充入保护气体时，由于保护气体(氩气)较空气重可自动将部分空气排出工作舱室(即向上排空气法)。The filter element is detachably connected to the gas circulation device, wherein the structure of the detachable connection is a conventional thread type or a snap-on type. The filter element is arranged in the pipeline where the protective gas flows in the gas circulation device. When it is replaced in time after time, it is removed and replaced to achieve the best dust removal effect. The conventional structure filter element can meet the requirements and has the advantages of low cost, easy maintenance and easy replacement. The filter particle size of the filter element is greater than or equal to 3 microns. The exhaust device is a vacuum pump, and the shielding gas is argon. The shielding gas inlet is located below the working compartment, and the cabin air outlet is located above the working compartment. When the shielding gas is filled, the shielding gas (argon) is relatively air The weight can automatically exhaust part of the air out of the working compartment (that is, the upward air exhaust method).
步骤S1中，所述低真空下的保护气体氛围通过步骤S12得到；In step S1, the protective gas atmosphere under the low vacuum is obtained through step S12;
S12、开启排气装置(即真空泵)，观察氧传感器数值降为预定值后，关闭排气装置，开启保护气体储存装置，观察压力传感器数值至低真空状态后，关闭保护气体储存装置。需要说明的是此步骤中无需将工作舱室内真空度抽至较低状态，抽气时间约30秒内即可完成，氧含量为1000ppm以下即可，改变现有真空激光焊接装置中抽真空耗时较长问题。S12, open the exhaust device (ie vacuum pump), observe that after the oxygen sensor value drops to a predetermined value, close the exhaust device, open the protective gas storage device, observe the pressure sensor value to a low vacuum state, close the protective gas storage device. It should be noted that in this step, there is no need to pump the vacuum in the working chamber to a lower state, the pumping time can be completed within about 30 seconds, and the oxygen content is below 1000ppm, which changes the vacuum pumping consumption in the existing vacuum laser welding device. longer issue.
所述打开气体循环装置使工作舱室内循环的气体流量在95M3/h。The opening of the gas circulation device enables the circulating gas flow in the working chamber to be 95 M 3 /h.
实施例3Example 3
一种弱气氛环境激光焊接方法，包括以下步骤：A laser welding method in a weak atmosphere environment, comprising the following steps:
S1、将待焊工件放入工作舱室内，通过保护气体储存装置和排气装置，使工作舱室内的气氛环境形成低真空下的保护气体氛围；S1. Put the workpiece to be welded into the working cabin, and through the protective gas storage device and the exhaust device, make the atmosphere in the working cabin form a protective gas atmosphere under low vacuum;
S2、打开气体循环装置，焊接头发出激光穿过设于工作舱室表面的透光镜片，对待焊工件进行焊接，完成焊接后将工件取出。S2. Turn on the gas circulation device, and the welding head emits laser light through the light-transmitting lens set on the surface of the working chamber to weld the workpiece to be welded, and take out the workpiece after the welding is completed.
步骤S1中，所述低真空下的保护气体氛围通过工作舱室内的压力传感器和氧含量传感器获得，所述压力传感器的低真空度为400Pa，所述氧含量传感器的氧含量为1000ppm以下。In step S1, the protective gas atmosphere under the low vacuum is obtained by a pressure sensor and an oxygen content sensor in the working chamber, the low vacuum degree of the pressure sensor is 400Pa, and the oxygen content of the oxygen content sensor is below 1000ppm.
步骤S2中，所述打开气体循环装置使工作舱室内循环的气体流量在40M3/h。In step S2, the gas circulation device is turned on so that the gas flow rate circulating in the working cabin is 40 M 3 /h.
所述保护气体储存装置中的气体为氮气The gas in the protective gas storage device is nitrogen
所述的方法进行弱气氛环境激光焊接装置，包括工作舱室，所述工作舱室外部设有焊接头，所述工作舱室外表面设有透光镜片，所述工作舱室内设有压力传感器和氧含量传感器，还包括保护气体储存装置、气体循环装置、排气装置，所述保护气体储存装置、气体循环装置、排气装置与工作舱室连通，所述排气装置为真空泵和排气阀。The method for laser welding in a weak atmosphere environment includes a working cabin, a welding head is arranged outside the working cabin, a light-transmitting lens is arranged on the outer surface of the working cabin, and a pressure sensor and an oxygen content are arranged in the working cabin. The sensor also includes a protective gas storage device, a gas circulation device, and an exhaust device. The protective gas storage device, the gas circulation device, and the exhaust device communicate with the working chamber, and the exhaust device is a vacuum pump and an exhaust valve.
所述保护气体储存装置、排气装置设于工作舱室外部，所述工作舱室上设有保护气体进气口、舱室出气口，所述保护气体进气口与保护气体储存装置连通，所述舱室出气口与排气装置连通。气体循环装置设于工作舱室内部，所述气体循环装置上设有滤芯，所述滤芯与气体循环装置可拆卸连接，所述滤芯的过滤粒径大于等于3微米，完成焊接后可以打开工作舱室，对气体循环装置内的滤芯进行更换，气体循环装置使舱室内部少量的保护气体可以循环利用，减少保护气体的使用量，降低焊接成本，并且少量的保护气体可以作为载体更好的达到除尘的效果。The protective gas storage device and the exhaust device are arranged outside the working cabin, the working cabin is provided with a protective gas inlet and a cabin air outlet, the protective gas inlet is communicated with the protective gas storage device, and the cabin is The air outlet communicates with the exhaust device. The gas circulation device is arranged inside the working cabin, and a filter element is arranged on the gas circulation device. The filter element is detachably connected to the gas circulation device. The filter particle size of the filter element is greater than or equal to 3 microns. After welding, the working cabin can be opened. Replace the filter element in the gas circulation device. The gas circulation device enables a small amount of shielding gas in the cabin to be recycled, reducing the use of shielding gas and reducing welding costs, and a small amount of shielding gas can be used as a carrier to better achieve the effect of dust removal .
同时弱气氛环境可应用于其它真空加工方法，比如真空电子束焊接，同样可以达到降低成本、提高效率、提高工件加工质量的有益效果。At the same time, the weak atmosphere environment can be applied to other vacuum processing methods, such as vacuum electron beam welding, which can also achieve the beneficial effects of reducing costs, improving efficiency, and improving workpiece processing quality.
本实施例中，工作舱室外表面设有观察窗，所述焊接头与驱动组件连接，透光镜片设于工作舱室的顶面和侧面，通过驱动组件实现焊接头在工作舱室外部空间范围内移动，可对待焊工件的顶面及侧面进行焊接，同时也可进行直线、曲线焊缝的焊接，以适应待焊工件上不同方位和焊缝的焊接需求。In this embodiment, an observation window is provided on the outer surface of the working cabin, the welding head is connected to the driving assembly, the light-transmitting lenses are arranged on the top surface and the side surface of the working cabin, and the welding head can be moved within the outer space of the working cabin through the driving assembly. , it can weld the top and side surfaces of the workpiece to be welded, and can also weld straight and curved seams to meet the welding needs of different orientations and welds on the workpiece to be welded.
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Application publication date: 20200908 |