CN111596119A - Detection method and device based on wire magnetic field - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a detection method and a detection device based on a wire magnetic field, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring magnetic induction intensity measurement data of N magnetic sensing units which are arranged at the periphery of a lead and have known relative positions, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 3; at least one of a wire current parameter, a wire vibration parameter, and a mount looseness state is determined using the magnetic induction measurement data. The installation is convenient, and the interference killing feature is strong, can be used to wire current detection, wire vibrations detect and the installation is not hard up to detect.

Description

A kind of detection method and device based on wire magnetic field

technical field

The invention relates to the field of smart grids, in particular to a detection method and device based on a wire magnetic field.

Background technique

Smart grid needs real-time detection of key electrical parameters and environmental parameters to ensure efficient and reliable operation of the grid. The current detection of the transmission line is a basic content of the power grid detection, and the vibration or galloping detection of the transmission line is also an important item to ensure the normal operation of the power grid. The detection of transmission line current, the vibration detection of transmission lines, and the economical and rapid deployment of detection devices are still issues that require further research.

Using magnetic field and electric field to locate the transmission line, or measure the current of the transmission line, is the basic technical approach adopted in the electric power field. From the perspective of technical potential, the magnetoresistance effect has a great application prospect in the current measurement and positioning of the transmission line.

The magnetoresistance effect (MR: Magnetoresistance) refers to the phenomenon that the resistance of some ferromagnetic metals and metal alloys such as iron, cobalt, and nickel changes under the action of an external magnetic field. The magnetoresistance effect includes anisotropic magnetoresistance effect, giant magnetoresistance effect (GMR: Giant Magnetoresistance), tunnel junction magnetoresistance effect, oxide colossal magnetoresistance effect, etc. Sensors based on the magnetoresistance effect can be used to directly measure magnetic fields with high sensitivity. Anisotropic magnetoresistive sensors have been used in disk heads to replace low-sensitivity inductive heads, realizing a leap in disk capacity; then the giant magnetoresistance effect devices discovered by scientists in Germany and France were used in disk heads to store information again. brought profound changes.

In the field of patent applications, the following techniques have been developed for positioning wires using magnetic or electric fields, or for current measurement using magnetic fields:

The patent application with the application number of CN201510809406.9 and the title of the invention as "a current sensor" discloses a current sensor, which includes a plurality of sensing units connected in series, and the sensing units encircle m circles of the conductor to be measured, and each circle The distances between the adjacent sensing units are equal, and the number of sensing units on each circle is the same; among them, m≥1. The invention also discloses a current sensor, comprising a plurality of parallel sensing units, the sensing units surround the conductor to be measured in m circles, and the distances between adjacent sensing units on each circle are equal, and the distance between adjacent sensing units on each circle is equal, and the The number of sensing units is the same; among them, m≥1. The invention adopts a current sensor with anisotropic magnetoresistance element, giant magnetoresistance element or magnetic tunnel junction element as the sensitive element, and the sensor has the characteristics of high precision, high sensitivity and low cost.

The patent application with the application number of CN201110457028.4 and the invention titled "a method for measuring the height of a high-voltage line" discloses a method for measuring the height of a high-voltage line, including the following steps: a) setting the first test point to measure the electric field intensity E1; b) setting The electric field intensity E2 is measured at the second test point, the second test point and the first test point are located on the vertical plane between the high-voltage line and the ground, and the height difference between the second test point and the first test point is h; c) according to E1*H=E2*(H+h) Calculate the height H of the high-voltage line. The high-voltage line height test method provided by the invention measures the electric field intensity at different heights twice, and uses the differential method to measure the high-voltage line height, so that it is unnecessary to know or measure the voltage level of the high-voltage line, which is more convenient and safe, and improves the accuracy.

This patent application utilizes a two-point measurement of the electric field to determine the position of the wire.

The application number is CN201310406924.7, and the patent application titled “An underground cable positioning method and device based on vector magnetic field detection” discloses an underground cable positioning method and device based on vector magnetic field detection, which is measured by a three-axis magnetometer The voltage signal of any two points in the magnetic field generated by the AC cable is amplified by the lock-in amplifier and then input into the computer; the magnetic induction intensity of the two measurement points in three directions is obtained by the computer; then the magnetic field vector of the two measurement points is obtained; The two measurement points are made as planes perpendicular to the magnetic induction intensity of the measurement points, and two plane equations are obtained respectively; the straight line equation obtained by combining the two plane equations is the position of the AC cable; the inventive method realizes the magnetic information through the principle of electromagnetic induction. Converted into electrical information, through data sampling and calculation, it solves the problem of quickly locating the cable; and using the amplification signal and filtering and denoising technology, the sensitivity and accuracy of the positioning are improved. The device of the invention is passive, simple, fast, and has strong operability.

The application number is CN201610398868.0, and the name of the invention is "An electromagnetic field positioning method and device for an overhead transmission line inspection drone" A method and device for electromagnetic field positioning of an overhead transmission line inspection drone. The magnetic field vector and electric field vector of the location, and the spatial position between the UAV and the transmission line is determined according to the mathematical relationship between the electromagnetic field vector and the distance. The obtained spatial position data between the UAV and the transmission line is transmitted to the terminal control system through wireless transmission equipment. The three-component method is used to measure the magnetic field vector, and the three-axis quadrature method is used to measure the electric field vector. The invention can effectively improve the positioning accuracy of the line patrol drone, avoid the uncertainty caused by naked eye observation, achieve the effect of safety and efficiency, and at the same time improve the intelligence of the line patrol.

The application number is CN201710097572.X, and the name of the invention is "a submarine positioning method based on magnetic field spatial gradients at two detection positions" This invention proposes a submarine positioning method based on magnetic field spatial gradients at two detection positions, which belongs to long-distance submarines The field of detection and the field of magnetic dipole localization. The method first uses several single-axis vector magnetometers to form a magnetic anomaly detection array; uses the magnetic anomaly detection array to measure the magnetic field at the initial detection position and the second detection position reached through a preset path, respectively, to obtain an array of two detection positions Measure the value and carry out the difference operation to obtain the gradient tensor matrix of the additional magnetic field of the submarine at the two detection positions and all its independent components; All the independent components of the quantity matrix can obtain the positioning equation and solve it, and finally obtain the position information of the submarine and complete the positioning. The inventive method can locate the submarine at a long distance under the background of changing geomagnetic field, avoids the influence of the diurnal variation of the geomagnetic field, and has high positioning accuracy.

The measurement method of multiple sensors connected in series given the name of the invention "a current sensor" can improve the measurement sensitivity, but it is prone to measurement errors caused by installation eccentricity, and does not have the ability to measure the position of the center line of the wire; the name of the invention is " The two-point method of measuring the height of high-voltage lines given by a high-voltage line height measurement method cannot accurately obtain the position information of high-voltage lines in the horizontal direction, and cannot realize real-time online measurement; The patent application of "Method and Device" uses the magnetic induction intensity of the two measurement points in three directions to obtain the magnetic field vectors of the two measurement points, and then uses the magnetic field vectors of the two measurement points to locate the cable. The disadvantage is that the equipment is complex and not suitable for overhead power transmission. real-time online measurement of the power line; the invention title is "an electromagnetic field positioning method and device for an overhead transmission line inspection drone", which adopts the three-component method to measure the magnetic field vector and the three-axis orthogonal method to measure the electric field vector to determine the position of the power line , this method is used for the current measurement of transmission lines, but the measurement error is large, and it does not have the measurement accuracy required to measure the vibration of the wire in the order of millimeters; the name of the invention is "a submarine positioning method based on the spatial gradient of the magnetic field at two detection positions ” It is not suitable for real-time online measurement of overhead transmission lines, and it cannot achieve the measurement accuracy required for the vibration of the transmission line in the order of millimeters.

The existing wire vibration technical specification adopts the mechanical contact vibration measurement method. A stress induction wheel is arranged at a specified distance from the fixed point of the wire. The induction wheel transmits the vibration stress of the wire to the stress sheet, and the stress sheet detects the stress. size to determine the magnitude of the vibration. The disadvantage of this mechanical induction wheel is: there is mechanical friction with the wire/transmission line; it can only detect the two-dimensional vibration (up and down or horizontal vibration) of the wire, and is not suitable for three-dimensional vibration detection.

In addition, due to the vibration and dancing of the wire, the fixing mechanism between the sensor and the wire will be loosened. This loosening will make the current measurement unable to be carried out normally. It is necessary to identify such loosening in time to ensure the reliability of the current measurement. sex and authenticity.

In a word, the current method of using magnetic field and electric field to locate the transmission line or target or measure the current of the transmission line has large measurement errors, cannot comprehensively detect two of the wire current, wire vibration and loose installation, and the installation is complicated. , The equipment cost is high, and the real-time online detection does not meet the requirements of the smart grid. The existing mechanical contact vibration detection method has mechanical friction on the wire, which is prone to leakage/creepage, and is not suitable for the detection of three-dimensional vibration of the wire.

The method and device provided by the embodiments of the present invention can overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, such as complex installation, low measurement accuracy, poor anti-interference ability, and inability to comprehensively detect two of wire current, wire vibration, and loose installation. at least one of. It is easy to install and has strong anti-interference ability. It can be used for wire current detection, wire vibration detection and installation looseness detection.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the description that follows.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a detection method and device based on wire magnetic field, which are used to overcome the existing problems of complex installation, low measurement accuracy, poor anti-interference ability, and inability to detect wire current, wire vibration and loose installation. Comprehensive detection of at least one of these shortcomings.

The present invention provides a detection method based on a wire magnetic field, comprising the following steps:

Acquire magnetic induction intensity measurement data of N magnetic sensing units deployed around the wire and with known relative positions, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 3;

At least one of a wire current parameter, a wire vibration parameter, and an installation loose state is determined using the magnetic induction intensity measurement data.

A detection device based on a wire magnetic field, comprising the following modules:

A perception module (7), a processing module (4); wherein,

The sensing module (7) is used to acquire the magnetic induction intensity data generated by the current of the wire, and includes N magnetic sensing units arranged around the wire and whose relative positions are known, and each magnetic sensing unit includes at least one magnetic sensing element, Among them, N is an integer greater than or equal to 3;

The processing module (4) is used to determine at least one of the wire current parameter, the wire vibration parameter and the loose installation state by using the magnetic induction intensity measurement data, and includes a signal conditioning module (41) and a data processing module (42);

The sensing module (7) further comprises a sensing element support (5) or a sensing element support (6);

There is a support connection between the sensing element bracket (5) and the wire, the wire casing or the fuse housing;

There is a support connection between the sensing element bracket (6) and the wire fixing support (34).

The method and device provided by the embodiments of the present invention can overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, such as complex installation, low measurement accuracy, poor anti-interference ability, and inability to comprehensively detect two of wire current, wire vibration, and loose installation. at least one of. It is easy to install and has strong anti-interference ability. It can be used for wire current detection, wire vibration detection and installation looseness detection.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the description that follows.

Description of drawings

1 is a flowchart of a detection method based on a wire magnetic field provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of the spatial arrangement of measurement points in the magnetic field induction intensity measurement provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of a wire position and a wire current calculation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wire current measurement device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wire vibration measurement and current measurement device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of circuit composition according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, the first plane; 2, the second plane; 3, the wire; 4, the processing module; 5, the sensing element support; 6, the sensing element support; 7, the sensing module; 8, the communication module; 9, power supply module;

11. Magnetic sensor; 12. Magnetic sensor; 13. Magnetic sensor; 14. Magnetic sensor;

21. Magnetic sensor; 22. Projection point of measuring point;

31. Conductor center line; 32. Conductor declination; 33. Horizontal reference line; 34. Conductor fixing support;

41. Signal conditioning module; 42. Data processing module;

51. Sensing element bracket fastener; 52. Sensing element bracket fastener;

61. Sensing element bracket support; 62. Circuit housing.

Example

The present invention provides a detection method and device based on wire magnetic field, which are used to overcome the existing problems of complex installation, low measurement accuracy, poor anti-interference ability, and inability to detect wire current, wire vibration and loose installation. Comprehensive detection of at least one of these shortcomings.

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be arbitrarily combined with each other if there is no conflict.

The method and device provided by the present invention will be illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment 1, an example of a detection method based on a wire magnetic field

Referring to FIG. 1, an embodiment of a detection method based on a wire magnetic field provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

Step S110, acquiring magnetic induction intensity measurement data of N magnetic sensing units that are deployed around the wire and whose relative positions are known, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 3;

Step S120 , using the magnetic induction intensity measurement data to determine at least one of a wire current parameter, a wire vibration parameter, and a loose installation state.

The N magnetic sensing units whose relative positions are known include: magnetic sensing elements whose position coordinates in a specific coordinate system are known, or whose mutual spacing and spatial layout are known; The components correspond to the measuring points;

Wherein, the specific coordinate system includes a coordinate system located on the plane where the measurement point of the magnetic sensing unit is located;

An easy-to-calculate coordinate system setting method includes: setting the origin of a two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system on one measurement point, and letting the horizontal axis of the coordinate system pass through another measurement point; the advantages of setting the coordinate system in this way It is a numerical description that simplifies the coordinate value of the measurement point and is easy to calculate.

For the N magnetic sensing units, N equal to 3 is the minimum number required to calculate the position of the centerline of the wire. When N is less than 3, the estimation accuracy of the position of the centerline of the wire can be further improved, and the part can be eliminated by interference identification. The disturbed measurement point thus suppresses the interference of the disturbing magnetic field on the estimation accuracy of the centerline of the wire;

The calculating the position of the center line of the wire specifically includes calculating the position coordinates in the coordinate system of the intersection of the center line of the wire and the plane determined by the measurement point where the magnetic sensing unit is located.

In this embodiment, the intersection of the center line of the wire and the plane where the measurement point of the magnetic sensing unit is located is used as the reference point or reference point;

The wire centerline can also be referred to as the wire central axis.

The measurement point of the magnetic sensing unit includes the point where the center point of the sensing area of the magnetic sensing element included in the magnetic sensing unit is located.

The magnetic sensing element is any one of anisotropic magnetoresistance element, giant magnetoresistance element and magnetic tunnel junction element.

The conductors include grid power lines, equipment power lines and fuses.

The current flowing through the wire is either direct current or alternating current.

An application way of measuring the current of the fuse is to arrange N magnetic sensing units on the fuse used by the power grid to measure the current of the fuse included in the fuse.

The method given in this embodiment, wherein,

For the N magnetic sensing units deployed around the wire and with known relative positions, the specific layout method includes any of the following:

Arrangement method 1, N magnetic sensing units are deployed in a first plane perpendicular to the center line of the wire, and a sensing unit bracket is used to provide support for the N magnetic sensing units, and the sensing unit bracket is composed of a wire or a wire housing. provide support;

Arrangement method 2, N magnetic sensing units are deployed in the first and second planes perpendicular to the center line of the wire, and the position coordinates of the vertical projection of the magnetic sensing units in the first plane in the second plane are the same as those in the second plane. The position coordinates of the magnetic sensor sheet in the plane do not overlap, or the position coordinates of the vertical projection of the magnetic sensor unit in the second plane in the first plane do not overlap with the position coordinates of the magnetic sensor sheet in the first plane. Use The sensing unit bracket provides support for the N magnetic sensing units, and the sensing unit bracket is supported by wires or wire housings;

Arrangement method 3: N magnetic sensing units are deployed in a first plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and a sensing unit bracket is used to provide support for the N magnetic sensing units. The sensing unit bracket is supported by a wire fixing seat. When the wire vibrates, a displacement relative to the support of the sensing unit is generated, and in this arrangement, N magnetic sensing units are used to determine at least one of the wire current parameter, the wire vibration parameter and the loose state of installation;

Arrangement mode four, N magnetic sensing units are deployed in the first and second planes perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the position coordinates of the vertical projection of the magnetic sensing units in the first plane in the second plane are the same as those in the second plane. The position coordinates of the magnetic sensor sheet do not overlap, or the position coordinates of the vertical projection of the magnetic sensor unit in the second plane in the first plane do not overlap with the position coordinates of the magnetic sensor sheet in the first plane. The unit bracket provides support for the N magnetic sensing units. The sensing unit bracket is supported by the wire fixing seat. When the wire vibrates, it generates displacement relative to the sensing unit bracket. In this arrangement, the N magnetic sensing units It is used to determine at least one of wire current parameters, wire vibration parameters and installation looseness.

The N magnetic sensing units are mounted on a sensing element support made of magnetic concentrating material or non-magnetic concentrating material, and the sensing element support is used for:

maintain a definite positional relationship between the magnetic sensing elements contained in the sensing unit; or

Keep the distance from the magnetic sensing element contained in the sensing unit to the centerline of the through hole contained in the sensing element bracket equal or unchanged; or

The N magnetic sensing units are displaced as a whole with the sensing element support, so as to adjust the distance from the magnetic sensing element included in the sensing unit to the centerline of the wire in the through hole included in the sensing element support; or

A rigid support is maintained between the N magnetic sensing units and the wire fixing base, so that the N magnetic sensing units do not vibrate with the vibration of the wire, or the disturbance of the position of the N magnetic sensing units due to the wire vibration is suppressed.

Specifically, the first layout method is used to measure the current value of the wire. In this method, the magnetic sensing element is arranged on the sensing element support, the spatial layout and relative spacing of the measurement points corresponding to the sensing unit are known, and, There is a support connection between the sensing element bracket and the wire or the outer surface of the wire. Usually, the support connection is realized by a fastener. Under the action of the fastener, there will be no displacement between the sensing element bracket and the wire, thus It is guaranteed that the distance from the centerline of the wire to the measurement point will not change.

Layout method 2 is used to measure the current value of the wire. In this method, the magnetic sensing element is arranged on two mutually parallel planes of the sensing element support, or the measurement points are distributed on two mutually parallel planes of the sensing element support. on parallel planes;

Further, the centerline of the conductor is kept in a straight line state at least between the two mutually parallel planes, and is perpendicular to the two planes, and this layout state allows the coordinates of the measurement points in one of the planes to be projected onto the other plane. deal with;

Project the coordinates of the measurement points in one of the planes to the other plane for processing, including calculating the position coordinates of the wire centerline or calculating the current value using Ampere's law of circulation in the projected plane.

Layout method 2 provides conditions for realizing magnetic induction intensity measurement in a larger space and avoiding mutual interference and coupling of magnetic fields between measurement points as much as possible.

Layout method 3 is used to measure the vibration parameters of the wire, and it can also be used to measure the current value of the wire. In this method, the magnetic sensing element is arranged on the sensing element bracket that does not shake with the shaking of the wire;

Specifically, this method can realize comprehensive measurement of wire vibration parameters and wire current values.

Further, due to the sag and rise of the wire in the vertical plane, or the azimuth swing of the wire in the horizontal plane, the center line of the wire is no longer strictly perpendicular to the plane where the measurement point is located. However, when the vibration amplitude is small, such as When the vibration amplitude is less than 3 mm, the angle change between the center line of the conductor and the plane where the measurement point is located due to the vibration of the conductor is not large, and the angle change can be ignored. The calculated position coordinates are used to calculate the current value and vibration amplitude.

Arrangement method 4 is used to measure the current value of the wire. In this method, the magnetic sensing element is arranged on two mutually parallel planes of the sensing element support, or the measurement points are distributed on the two mutually parallel planes of the sensing element support. on parallel planes;

Similar to method 3, in layout method 4, due to the sag and rise of the wire in the vertical plane, or the azimuth swing of the wire in the horizontal plane, the center line of the wire will no longer be strictly perpendicular to the plane where the measurement point is located, but, When the vibration amplitude is small, such as when the vibration amplitude is less than 3 mm, the angle change between the wire centerline and the plane where the measurement point is caused by the wire vibration is not large, and the angle change can be ignored, and the vertical relationship is still used to calculate the wire centerline closely. , and based on the calculated position coordinates, the current value and the vibration amplitude are calculated.

Layout method 4 provides conditions for realizing magnetic induction intensity measurement in a larger space and avoiding mutual interference and coupling of magnetic fields between measurement points as much as possible. Moreover, layout method 4 can be used to measure the vibration parameters of wires at different distances from the wire fixing support. , such as vibration amplitude, to measure.

The method given in this embodiment, wherein,

The use of magnetic induction intensity measurement data to determine wire current parameters includes:

Determine the proportional relationship: use Ampere's loop law to determine the relationship between the ratio of the magnetic induction between two measurement points at different positions and the ratio of the distances between the two measurement points to the intersection of the centerline of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located;

Determine the spacing relationship: use the position coordinates of the measurement point and the position coordinates of the wire centerline to indicate the distance from the measurement point to the wire centerline;

Using the proportional relationship, the spacing relationship and the measured value of the magnetic induction intensity obtained at the measurement point to solve the coordinates of the intersection of the center line of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located;

Determine the current value of the wire using the coordinates of the intersection of the center line of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located and the coordinates of at least one measurement point;

The use of the magnetic induction intensity measurement data to determine the wire vibration parameters includes:

Determine the proportional relationship: use Ampere's loop law to determine the relationship between the ratio of the magnetic induction between two measurement points at different positions and the ratio of the distances between the two measurement points to the intersection of the centerline of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located;

Determine the distance relationship: use the position coordinates of the measurement point and the position coordinates of the intersection of the centerline of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located to indicate the distance from the measurement point to the centerline of the wire;

Using the proportional relationship and the spacing relationship to solve the coordinates of the intersection of the centerline of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located;

Wire vibration parameters are determined using the coordinate values of the wire centerline acquired in different time intervals.

According to Ampere's loop law, the relationship between the external magnetic induction intensity of a round wire and the distance from the center line of the wire and the current value on the wire is:

B = μ ₀ I/2πr (1)

Among them, B is the magnetic induction intensity; μ ₀ is the magnetic constant of the medium; I is the current value in the wire; r is the distance between the measurement point and the center line of the wire.

The determining the proportional relationship specifically includes: in the case of using three measurement points T ₁ , T ₂ , and T ₃ , the distances from the measurement points T _{1 ,} T _{2 , and} T ₃ to the center line of the wire are r ₁ , r in turn ₂ , r _3, using formula (1), the following relationship can be obtained:

r1/r2=B2/B1 (2)

r1/r3=B3/B1 (3)

The determining of the distance relationship specifically includes: using the Euclidean distance relationship, using the coordinate values _of the measurement points T1 _, T2 _{, and} T3 to express _r1 , _r2 , and _r3 as:

r1=[(x0-x1) ² +(y0-y1) ² ]^(1/2) (4)

r2=[(x0-x2) ² +(y0-y2) ² ]^(1/2) (5)

r3=[(x0-x3) ² +(y0-y3) ² ]^(1/2) (6)

In the formula,

r1, r2, r3 are the distances from the measurement points T1, T2, T3 to the centerline of the wire; the measurement points T1, T2, T3 are located in the same plane P, and the plane P is perpendicular to the centerline of the wire.

(x0, y0) are the coordinates of the intersection of the center line of the wire and the plane P, and the plane P is the plane where the measurement points T1, T2, and T3 are located;

(x1, y1) are the coordinates of the measuring point T1 in the Cartesian coordinate system in the plane P;

(x2, y2) are the coordinates of the measuring point T2 in the Cartesian coordinate system in the plane P;

(x3, y3) are the coordinates of the measuring point T3 in the Cartesian coordinate system in the plane P.

Further, the coordinate values of the coordinates (x1, y1), (x2, y2) and (x3, y3) are known.

One way to set the coordinate system is to take the measurement point T1 (x1, y1) as the origin so that (x1, y1) = (0,0).

The method discussed here is suitable for the calculation of the position of the center point of the wire in the scenario where the measurement points are coplanar, the measurement points are not coplanar, and the relative positions between the measurement points are arbitrary;

To simplify the problem, it is assumed that the three measurement points lie on the same straight line.

The formula for calculating wire current using Ampere's loop law (1) is:

I = 2πrB/μ ₀ (7)

The method given in this embodiment, wherein,

Corresponding to the case that the current in the wire is AC, before performing the operation of using the magnetic induction intensity measurement data to determine the current parameter of the wire, perform the following interference identification operations:

Determine the time point when the zero value point of the alternating current occurs, and obtain the measurement value of the magnetic sensing unit at the time point when the zero value point appears. If the measurement value of the magnetic sensing unit is less than the predetermined zero value threshold, the magnetic sensing unit The location is judged to have no interfering magnetic field; if the measured value of the magnetic sensing unit is greater than or equal to the predetermined zero value threshold, the location of the magnetic sensing unit is judged to have an interfering magnetic field; or

Obtain the maximum positive value and the maximum negative value of the measured value of the magnetic sensing unit, and calculate the difference between the absolute value of the maximum positive value and the maximum negative value, if the absolute value of the difference is less than the predetermined absolute value of the positive and negative peak values If the absolute value of the difference is greater than the predetermined positive and negative peak absolute value difference threshold, the location of the magnetic sensing unit is judged to have interference magnetic field.

Specifically, the alternating magnetic field generated by the alternating current in the wire acts on the magnetic sensing element included in the magnetic sensing unit. In the absence of external magnetic field interference, the alternating magnetic field generated by the alternating current in the wire has the following characteristics :

1. A magnetic field with the same magnitude in the opposite direction is generated on the magnetic sensing element, that is, the maximum value (assuming a positive value) in one direction (assuming a positive direction) and the magnetic field generated in the opposite direction (assuming a negative direction) The absolute value of the maximum value (assuming a negative value) is equal; when there is a disturbing magnetic field, this equality relationship will be destroyed;

2. The magnetic induction intensity generated on the magnetic sensing element appears in the same waveform as the wire current, that is, in the form of a sine wave. In the absence of external magnetic field interference, when the current in the wire is at the zero-crossing point When , the magnetic induction intensity measured by the magnetic sensing element is also at the zero-crossing point.

Specifically, determining the time point at which the zero-value point of the alternating current occurs, including:

In one change cycle of the AC current, use the magnetic sensing unit to measure the magnetic field twice or more, use the sine curve to perform curve fitting on the measured values, obtain the fitting curve, and determine the AC from the fitting curve. The time point at which the zero point of the current occurs;

The methods of determining the time point at which the zero value point of the alternating current occurs from the fitted curve includes:

Directly take the zero value point of the fitted sinusoid as the time point when the zero value point of the alternating current occurs; or

The middle point between the positive maximum point (peak) and the negative maximum point (trough) of the fitted sine curve is taken as the time point when the zero value point of the alternating current appears.

Similarly, the method of obtaining the maximum value of positive value and the maximum value of negative value of the measurement value of the magnetic sensing unit includes:

In one change cycle of the alternating current, use the magnetic sensing unit to measure the magnetic field twice or more, use a sine curve to perform curve fitting on the measured values to obtain a fitting curve, and determine the magnetic field from the fitting curve. The maximum positive value and the maximum negative value of the measurement value of the sensing unit are determined; further, the occurrence time of the maximum value of the positive value and the maximum value of the negative value of the measurement value of the magnetic sensing unit is determined from the fitting curve.

Further, after determining the appearance moment of the positive maximum value and the negative value maximum value of the sensing unit measurement value, the magnetic induction intensity measurement is performed at the appearance moment of at least one of the positive value maximum value and the negative value maximum value, And use the magnetic induction value to calculate the wire current value.

The predetermined zero threshold is in the range of 0 to 1 Tesla;

Preferably, the predetermined zero threshold is in the range of 0 to 10^(-3) Tesla.

The predetermined positive and negative peak absolute value difference threshold is a proportional value, and the proportional value is the ratio of the positive and negative peak absolute value difference to the positive and negative peak amplitude value, and the ratio is used as the predetermined positive and negative peak absolute value difference threshold. , the threshold is between 0 and 0.1;

Preferably, the predetermined positive and negative peak absolute value difference threshold ranges from 0 to 0.01.

The method given in this embodiment, wherein,

Corresponding to the case that the current in the wire is DC or AC, before performing the operation of using the magnetic induction intensity measurement data to determine the current parameter of the wire, perform the following interference identification operations:

Use the distances r ₁ , r ₂ , r ₃ , , , r _N from the measurement point to the reference point to determine a set of measurement point distance ratios: r ₁ /r ₂ , r ₁ /r ₃ , r ₁ /r ₄ , ,, r ₁ /r _N , the reference point is the intersection of the center line of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located, and the coordinates of the reference point are known values or hypothetical values;

Use the field strength measurements obtained at the measurement points in the measurement point distance ratio to determine a set of measurement point field strength ratios: B ₂ /B ₁ , B ₃ /B ₁ , B ₄ /B ₁ , . . . B _n /B1 _;

Use array R=[ r ₁ /r ₂ , r ₁ /r ₃ , r ₁ /r ₄ , ... r ₁ /r _N ] with array M=[ B ₂ /B ₁ ,B ₃ /B ₁ ,B ₄ / B ₁ , ...B _n / B ₁ ], or use the array M=[ B ₂ /B ₁ ,B ₃ / B ₁ ,B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] to determine if there is interference.

The coordinate of the reference point is a known value, including the coordinate calibration value in the state of no magnetic field interference, or the coordinate value of the reference point obtained by on-site measurement in the past;

The coordinates of the reference point are hypothetical values, including the coordinate values of the hypothetical reference point within the range where the true value of the reference point may appear;

The coordinate values of the hypothetical reference point within the range of the region where the true value of the distance from the reference point may appear may include coordinate values of one or more hypothetical reference points.

Interference identification is used to determine whether there is an interfering magnetic field at the measurement point. When there is an interfering magnetic field, the magnetic induction intensity sensed by the magnetic sensing element will contain interference components. Suppress or filter out the influence of the interfering magnetic field, which requires interference identification. In the case of identifying the existence of interference, further interference treatment measures are adopted;

The method given in this embodiment, wherein,

The use of array R=[r ₁ /r ₂ , r ₁ /r ₃ , r ₁ /r ₄ , ... r ₁ /r _N ] and array B=[ B ₂ /B ₁ ,B ₃ /B ₁ ,B ₄ / B ₁ ,...B _n / B ₁ ] The difference of the corresponding items determines whether there is interference, including the following interference identification steps:

Calculate the derived value of the difference of the corresponding item, the derived value is the sum of the absolute values of the difference of the corresponding item, or the sum of the squares of the difference of the corresponding item;

Compare the derived value with the derived value threshold, if the derived value is greater than or equal to the derived value threshold, then the magnetic induction intensity measurement data included in array B is judged as disturbed measurement data, and interference processing is performed; if the derived value is less than the derived value threshold, then the magnetic induction intensity measurement data contained in the array M is judged as non-interference measurement data, and the measurement data is used to determine at least one of the wire current value and the wire vibration parameter;

The use of the array M=[ B ₂ /B ₁ , B ₃ / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] to determine whether there is interference includes at least one of the following steps:

Perform curve fitting on the array M, and compare the fitting error with the fitting error threshold. If the fitting error is greater than or equal to the fitting error threshold, it is judged that there is interference, and interference processing is performed; if the fitting error is less than the fitting error threshold If the error threshold is met, it is judged that there is no interference;

Perform curve fitting on the array M, and form the data on the fitted curve into an array F=[f1, f2, ... fn], and connect F with R=[ r ₁ /r ₂ , r ₁ /r ₃ , r ₁ /r ₄ ,... r ₁ /r _N ], find the Euclidean distance D(F, R) between the array F and the array R, and use the Euclidean distance to calculate the similarity S _f between the array F and the array R =1/(1+D), compare S _f with the similarity threshold THf, when S _f is less than or equal to the similarity threshold THf, it is judged that there is interference, and interference processing is performed; when S _f is greater than the similarity threshold THf, there is no interference; and

Find the Euclidean distance D(M, R) between the array M=[ B ₂ /B ₁ , B ₃ / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] and the array R, using the The Euclidean distance calculates the similarity S=1/(1+D) between the array M and the array R, and compares S _m with the similarity threshold THm. When S _m is less than or equal to the similarity threshold THm, it is judged that there is interference , and perform interference processing; when S _m is greater than the similarity threshold THm, it is judged that there is no interference.

Specifically, when calculating the similarity, the n-dimensional array F and the n-dimensional array R are regarded as the coordinates of two points in the n-dimensional space, and the Euclidean distance formula is used to solve the Euclidean distance D(F, R); Consider the n-dimensional array M and the n-dimensional array R as the coordinates of two points in the n-dimensional space;

Use the Euclidean distance formula to solve the Euclidean distance D(F, R) or D(M, R);

The similarity threshold is a positive real number with a value in the interval [0, 1], and the similarity threshold THf or THm does not include a value of 0 and a value of 1.

The performing interference processing includes:

Do not use this measurement data for current centerline coordinate calculation; or

Remove the strong interference data, and use the measured data after removing the strong interference data to calculate the coordinates of the current center line.

Specifically, the step of removing strong interference data includes:

Corresponding to comparing the derived value with the derived value threshold, if the derived value is greater than or equal to the derived value threshold, then the magnetic induction intensity measurement data included in the array B is judged as disturbed measurement data, and interference processing is performed, and further includes the following culling Steps for strongly disturbing data:

Get array M=[ B ₂ /B ₁ , B ₃ / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] with R=[ r ₁ /r ₂ , r ₁ /r ₃ , r ₁ /r ₄ ，...r ₁ /r _N ] The array D _ABS =[d1,d2,d3,...dn] composed of the absolute value of the difference between the corresponding items in the ], determine the maximum value from D _ABS The position number of the item in M=[ B ₂ /B ₁ , B ₃ / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] is the magnetic induction intensity in the denominator of the item with the same position number The measured value is judged as a disturbed measurement item, and the disturbed measurement item is not used to solve the position coordinates of the intersection of the center line of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located.

Corresponding to comparing the fitting error with the fitting error threshold, if the fitting error is greater than or equal to the fitting error threshold, it is judged that there is interference, and interference processing is performed, and further includes the following steps of eliminating strong interference data:

Get the distance between the corresponding items in the array M=[ B ₂ /B ₁ ,B ₃ / B ₁ ,B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] and F=[f1,f2, ... fn] The array D _{ABS =} [d1, _d2 , _d3 ,...dn] _composed of the absolute values of the difference values of / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] in the items with the same position number, the measured value of the magnetic induction intensity as the denominator is judged as the disturbed measurement item, and the disturbed measurement item is not used for Solve for the location coordinates of the intersection of the traverse centerline and the plane where the survey point is located.

Correspondingly, when S _f is less than or equal to the similarity threshold THf, it is judged that there is interference, and interference processing is performed, and further includes the following steps of eliminating strong interference data:

Get the distance between the corresponding items in the array M=[ B ₂ /B ₁ ,B ₃ / B ₁ ,B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] and F=[f1,f2, ... fn] The array D _{ABS =} [d1, _d2 , _d3 ,...dn] _composed of the absolute values of the difference values of / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] in the items with the same position number, the measured value of the magnetic induction intensity as the denominator is judged as the disturbed measurement item, and the disturbed measurement item is not used for Solve for the location coordinates of the intersection of the traverse centerline and the plane where the survey point is located.

Correspondingly, when S _m is less than or equal to the similarity threshold THm, it is judged that there is interference, and interference processing is performed, and further includes the following steps of eliminating strong interference data:

Get array M=[ B ₂ /B ₁ , B ₃ / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] with R=[ r ₁ /r ₂ , r ₁ /r ₃ , r ₁ /r ₄ ，...r ₁ /r _N ] The array D _ABS =[d1,d2,d3,...dn] composed of the absolute value of the difference between the corresponding items in the ], determine the maximum value from D _ABS The position number of the item in M=[ B ₂ /B ₁ , B ₃ / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] is the magnetic induction intensity in the denominator of the item with the same position number The measured value is judged as a disturbed measurement item, and the disturbed measurement item is not used to solve the position coordinates of the intersection of the center line of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located.

In the specific implementation process, the operations of the wire centerline coordinate calculation, wire current calculation, wire vibration calculation, and interference identification can be performed at the measurement site or sent to the network side for execution.

One implementation is that the measurement data is sent to the network side, and the network side uses the measurement data for processing. The advantage of this is that the original magnetic induction intensity measurement data can be obtained, which is conducive to in-depth processing of the measurement data. Combine the historical data and the data of adjacent measurement points to judge whether the measurement data is abnormal;

One embodiment is to perform wire current calculation and wire vibration calculation at the measurement site, and send the calculation results to the network side. The disadvantage of this processing is that the original measurement data is lost, and the network side cannot make further analysis from the level of magnetic induction.

Specifically, the derived value threshold is a ratio, including any of the following proportional relationships:

When the derived value is R=[ r ₁ /r ₂ , r ₁ /r ₃ , r ₁ /r ₄ , ... r ₁ /r _N ] and the array B=[ B ₂ /B ₁ ,B ₃ / B ₁ ,B ₄ / B ₁ ,...B _n / B ₁ ] when the sum of the absolute values of the differences of the corresponding items, the derived value threshold is the sum of the absolute values of the differences of the corresponding items and B=[ B ₂ /B ₁ , B ₃ / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ], the ratio Rsum of the sum of the absolute values of each item; Rsum takes a value in the range of 0 to 0.1; preferably, Rsum is 0 Values within the range of ~0.01;

When the derived value is R=[ r ₁ /r ₂ , r ₁ /r ₃ , r ₁ /r ₄ , ... r ₁ /r _N ] and the array B=[ B ₂ /B ₁ ,B ₃ / B ₁ ,B ₄ / B ₁ ,...B _n / B ₁ ] When the sum of the squares of the differences of the corresponding items, the threshold of the derived value is the sum of the squares of the differences of the corresponding items and B=[ B ₂ /B ₁ ,B ₃ /B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ], the ratio Rsumsq of the sum of squares of the items in the value.

Specifically, the fitting error threshold is a ratio, including the following proportional relationship:

The fitting error threshold is the ratio Fsumsq of the sum of squares of fitting residuals and the sum of squares of items in B=[ B ₂ /B ₁ , B ₃ / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] , Fsumsq takes a value in the range of 0 to 0.1; preferably, Fsumsq takes a value in the range of 0 to 0.01.

The method given in this embodiment, wherein,

The use of magnetic induction intensity measurement data to determine the loose state of installation includes the following steps:

Determine the proportional relationship: use Ampere's loop law to determine the relationship between the ratio of the magnetic induction between two measurement points at different positions and the ratio of the distances between the two measurement points to the intersection of the centerline of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located;

Determine the spacing relationship: use the position coordinates of the measurement point and the position coordinates of the wire centerline to indicate the distance from the measurement point to the wire centerline;

Using the proportional relationship, the distance relationship and the measured value of the magnetic induction intensity obtained at the measurement point to solve the coordinates of the intersection of the center line of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located;

Determine the change amount of the coordinates of the intersection point, if the change amount of the coordinates of the intersection point is greater than or equal to a predetermined position change amount threshold, the installation of the magnetic sensing element is judged to be loose; if the change of the coordinates of the intersection point If the amount is smaller than the predetermined position variation threshold, the installation of the magnetic sensing element is judged to be no looseness.

Usually, the vibration or galloping of the wire will cause the installation connection between the magnetic sensing element and the wire to be loose, and the aging deformation or fracture of the installation connector will also cause the installation connection between the magnetic sensing element and the wire to be loose;

In order to ensure the authenticity of the current measurement value of the wire, it is necessary to detect the looseness of the installation connection between the magnetic sensing element and the wire in time.

Specifically, the position change threshold is the distance value Δd from the intersection position Pn calculated by the current measurement to the intersection position Pb calculated by the previous measurement;

The Pb is the position coordinate of the intersection point measured and calculated in the initial installation stage, or the position coordinate of the intersection point calculated and measured in a certain time interval after the initial installation stage;

The position change threshold Δd is within the range of 0.01 mm to 5 mm;

Preferably, the position change threshold Δd takes a value in the range of 0.01 mm to 1 mm.

The use of magnetic induction intensity measurement data to determine the loose state of installation discussed in this embodiment is applicable to the application scenario where the magnetic sensing element is installed in a wire housing or a fuse housing, as shown in Figure 4. In this application scenario, the use of Sensing element holder (5).

Embodiment 2, an example of a detection device based on a wire magnetic field

Referring to Figures 2 to 6, an embodiment of a detection device based on a wire magnetic field provided by the present invention includes:

A perception module (7), a processing module (4); wherein,

The sensing module (7) is used to acquire the magnetic induction intensity data generated by the current of the wire, and includes N magnetic sensing units arranged around the wire and whose relative positions are known, and each magnetic sensing unit includes at least one magnetic sensing element, Among them, N is an integer greater than or equal to 3;

The processing module (4) is used to determine at least one of the wire current parameter, the wire vibration parameter and the loose installation state by using the magnetic induction intensity measurement data, and includes a signal conditioning module (41) and a data processing module (42);

The sensing module (7) further comprises a sensing element support (5) or a sensing element support (6);

There is a support connection between the sensing element bracket (5) and the wire, the wire casing or the fuse housing;

There is a support connection between the sensing element bracket (6) and the wire fixing support (34).

The N magnetic sensing units whose relative positions are known include: magnetic sensing elements whose position coordinates in a specific coordinate system are known, or whose mutual spacing and spatial layout are known; The components correspond to the measuring points;

Wherein, the specific coordinate system includes a coordinate system located on the plane where the measurement point of the magnetic sensing unit is located;

An easy-to-calculate coordinate system setting method includes: setting the origin of a two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system on one measurement point, and letting the horizontal axis of the coordinate system pass through another measurement point; the advantages of setting the coordinate system in this way It is a numerical description that simplifies the coordinate value of the measurement point and is easy to calculate.

For the N magnetic sensing units, N equal to 3 is the minimum number required to calculate the position of the centerline of the wire. When N is less than 3, the estimation accuracy of the position of the centerline of the wire can be further improved, and the part can be eliminated by interference identification. The disturbed measurement point thus suppresses the interference of the disturbing magnetic field on the estimation accuracy of the centerline of the wire;

The calculating the position of the center line of the wire specifically includes calculating the position coordinates in the coordinate system of the intersection of the center line of the wire and the plane determined by the measurement point where the magnetic sensing unit is located.

In this embodiment, the intersection of the center line of the wire and the plane where the measurement point of the magnetic sensing unit is located is used as the reference point or reference point;

The wire centerline can also be referred to as the wire central axis.

The measurement point of the magnetic sensing unit includes the point where the center point of the sensing area of the magnetic sensing element included in the magnetic sensing unit is located.

The magnetic sensing element is any one of anisotropic magnetoresistance element, giant magnetoresistance element and magnetic tunnel junction element.

The conductors include grid power lines, equipment power lines and fuses.

The current flowing through the wire is either direct current or alternating current.

An application way of measuring the current of the fuse is to arrange N magnetic sensing units on the fuse used by the power grid to measure the current of the fuse included in the fuse.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 , the magnetic sensing elements (11) to (14) are arranged in the first plane (1), the magnetic sensing element (21) is arranged in the second plane (2), and the first plane (1) and the second plane (2) are both perpendicular to the centerline (31) of the wire (3);

The intersection of the wire centerline (31) and the first plane (1) is called the reference point or the reference point, and the coordinates of this point are (x0, y0); the coordinates of the magnetic sensing elements (11) to (14) are in sequence are (x1, y1), (x2, y2), (x3, y3), (x4, y4); the measurement point corresponding to the magnetic sensing element (21) in the second plane (2) is in the first plane (1 ) has the coordinates (x5, y5).

In FIG. 2 , the magnetic sensing elements ( 11 ) to ( 14 ) and the magnetic sensing element ( 21 ) are represented by blocks, and the measurement points corresponding to these magnetic sensing elements are represented by circles in the blocks.

The device given in this embodiment, wherein,

The sensing module (7) includes N magnetic sensing units that are deployed around the wire and whose relative positions are known. The specific layout method includes any of the following:

Arrangement method 1: Arranged on the sensing element bracket (5), N magnetic sensing units are deployed in a first plane perpendicular to the centerline of the wire, and the sensing unit bracket (5) is used for the N magnetic sensing units Provide support, the sensing unit bracket (5) is supported by wires, wire housings or fuse housings;

Arrangement method 2: Arranged on the sensing element bracket (5), N magnetic sensing units are arranged in the first and second planes perpendicular to the center line of the wire, and the magnetic sensing units in the first plane are in the second plane. The position coordinates of the vertical projection in the plane and the position coordinates of the magnetic sensing unit in the second plane do not overlap, or, the position coordinates of the vertical projection of the magnetic sensing unit in the second plane in the first plane and the first plane. The position coordinates of the magnetic sensing units do not overlap, and a sensing unit bracket (5) is used to provide support for the N magnetic sensing units, and the sensing unit bracket (5) is supported by a wire, a wire housing or a fuse housing;

Arrangement method 3: Arrange on the sensing element support (6), adjust the angle of the sensing element support (6) so that the N magnetic sensing units are deployed in the first plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and use the sensing unit support ( 6) Provide support for N magnetic sensing units. The sensing unit bracket (6) is supported by the wire fixing seat (34), and when the wire vibrates, a displacement relative to the sensing unit bracket is generated. In this arrangement, N magnetic sensing units are used to determine at least one of wire current parameters, wire vibration parameters and loose installation state;

Arrangement mode 4: Arrange on the sensing element support (6), adjust the angle of the sensing element support (6) so that the N magnetic sensing units are deployed in the first and second planes perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the first plane The position coordinates of the vertical projection of the magnetic sensing unit in the second plane in the second plane do not overlap with the position coordinates of the magnetic sensing unit in the second plane, or, the vertical projection of the magnetic sensing unit in the second plane in the first plane. The projected position coordinates do not overlap with the position coordinates of the magnetic sensing unit in the first plane, and a sensing unit support (6) is used to provide support for the N magnetic sensing units, and the sensing unit support (6) is supported by a wire holder ( 34) Provide support, when the wire vibrates, a displacement relative to the sensing unit bracket is generated. In this arrangement, N magnetic sensing units are used to determine at least one of the wire current parameter, the wire vibration parameter, and the loose state of the installation. kind.

The N magnetic sensing units are mounted on a sensing element support made of magnetic concentrating material or non-magnetic concentrating material, and the sensing element support is used for:

maintain a definite positional relationship between the magnetic sensing elements contained in the sensing unit; or

Keep the distance from the magnetic sensing element contained in the sensing unit to the centerline of the through hole contained in the sensing element bracket equal or unchanged; or

The N magnetic sensing units are displaced as a whole with the sensing element support, so as to adjust the distance from the magnetic sensing element included in the sensing unit to the centerline of the wire in the through hole included in the sensing element support; or

A rigid support is maintained between the N magnetic sensing units and the wire fixing base, so that the N magnetic sensing units do not vibrate with the vibration of the wire, or the disturbance of the position of the N magnetic sensing units due to the wire vibration is suppressed.

Specifically, the first layout method is used to measure the current value of the wire. In this method, the magnetic sensing element is arranged on the sensing element support, the spatial layout and relative spacing of the measurement points corresponding to the sensing unit are known, and, There is a support connection between the sensing element bracket and the wire or the outer surface of the wire. Usually, the support connection is realized by a fastener. Under the action of the fastener, there will be no displacement between the sensing element bracket and the wire, thus It is guaranteed that the distance from the centerline of the wire to the measurement point will not change.

Layout method 2 is used to measure the current value of the wire. In this method, the magnetic sensing element is arranged on two mutually parallel planes of the sensing element support, or the measurement points are distributed on two mutually parallel planes of the sensing element support. on parallel planes;

Further, the centerline of the conductor is kept in a straight line state at least between the two mutually parallel planes, and is perpendicular to the two planes, and this layout state allows the coordinates of the measurement points in one of the planes to be projected onto the other plane. deal with;

Project the coordinates of the measurement points in one of the planes to the other plane for processing, including calculating the position coordinates of the wire centerline or calculating the current value using Ampere's law of circulation in the projected plane.

Layout method 2 provides conditions for realizing magnetic induction intensity measurement in a larger space and avoiding mutual interference and coupling of magnetic fields between measurement points as much as possible.

Layout method 3 is used to measure the vibration parameters of the wire, and it can also be used to measure the current value of the wire. In this method, the magnetic sensing element is arranged on the sensing element bracket that does not shake with the shaking of the wire;

Specifically, this method can realize comprehensive measurement of wire vibration parameters and wire current values.

Further, due to the sag and rise of the wire in the vertical plane, or the azimuth swing of the wire in the horizontal plane, the center line of the wire is no longer strictly perpendicular to the plane where the measurement point is located. However, when the vibration amplitude is small, such as When the vibration amplitude is less than 3 mm, the angle change between the center line of the conductor and the plane where the measurement point is located due to the vibration of the conductor is not large, and the angle change can be ignored. The calculated position coordinates are used to calculate the current value and vibration amplitude.

Arrangement method 4 is used to measure the current value of the wire. In this method, the magnetic sensing element is arranged on two mutually parallel planes of the sensing element support, or the measurement points are distributed on the two mutually parallel planes of the sensing element support. on parallel planes;

Similar to method 3, in layout method 4, due to the sag and rise of the wire in the vertical plane, or the azimuth swing of the wire in the horizontal plane, the center line of the wire will no longer be strictly perpendicular to the plane where the measurement point is located, but, When the vibration amplitude is small, such as when the vibration amplitude is less than 3 mm, the angle change between the wire centerline and the plane where the measurement point is caused by the wire vibration is not large, and the angle change can be ignored, and the vertical relationship is still used to calculate the wire centerline closely. , and based on the calculated position coordinates, the current value and the vibration amplitude are calculated.

Layout method 4 provides conditions for realizing magnetic induction intensity measurement in a larger space and avoiding mutual interference and coupling of magnetic fields between measurement points as much as possible. Moreover, layout method 4 can be used to measure the vibration parameters of wires at different distances from the wire fixing support. , such as vibration amplitude, to measure.

Specifically, the first arrangement of the magnetic sensing unit, as shown in FIG. 4 , includes magnetic sensing elements ( 11 ) to ( 14 ) arranged in the same plane. The plane is the first plane ( 1 ), and the magnetic The sensing elements (11) to (14) are arranged on the sensing element support (5);

The second arrangement of the magnetic sensing unit, as shown in FIG. 4 , includes the magnetic sensing elements (11) to (14) arranged in the same plane, the plane is the first plane (1), and the magnetic sensor elements (11) to (14) arranged in the same plane The magnetic sensing element (21) in the two planes (2), the magnetic sensing element (21) is arranged on the sensing element support (5);

In Fig. 4, the sensing element support (5) includes a processing module (4), the signal conditioning module (41) included in the processing module (4) is arranged on the sensing element support (5), and the processing module (4) includes The data processing module (42) has two layout methods:

One is that the data processing module (42) is arranged on the sensing element support (5), and the module performs the data processing required for calculating the current value of the wire at the sensing site;

One is that the data processing module (42) is arranged on the network side, and the module performs the data processing required for calculating the conductor current value on the network side.

Further, the sensing element support (5) is physically connected with at least one of the sensing element support fastener (51) and the sensing element support fastener (52), and the sensing element support fastener (51) is physically connected ) and at least one of the sensor element bracket fasteners (52) to achieve the installation and fixation between the wire and the sensor element bracket.

Specifically, the third arrangement of the magnetic sensing unit, as shown in FIG. 5 , includes magnetic sensing elements ( 11 ) to ( 13 ) arranged in the same plane, and the plane is the first plane ( 1 ), and the The plane is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the magnetic sensing elements (11) to (13) are arranged on the sensing element bracket (6);

The fourth arrangement of the magnetic sensing unit is not shown in FIG. 5 .

In Figure 5, the sensing element support (6) includes a processing module (4), the signal conditioning module (41) included in the processing module (4) is arranged on the sensing element support (6), and the processing module (4) includes The data processing module (42) has three layout methods:

One is that the data processing module (42) is arranged on the sensing element support (6), and the module performs the data processing required for calculating the wire current value and the wire vibration parameter at the sensing site;

One is that the data processing module (42) is arranged in the circuit housing (62), the circuit housing (62) is supported by the wire fixing support (34), and the sensing element bracket support (61) is also supported by the wire The fixed support (34) provides support, and in this arrangement, the data processing module (42) performs data processing required for calculating the wire current value and the wire vibration parameter at the sensing site;

One is that the data processing module (42) is arranged on the network side, and the module performs the data processing required for calculating the conductor current value on the network side.

Further, the sensing element support (6) and the wire fixing support (34) are connected through the sensing element support support (61), and the sensing element support support (61) is the sensing element support (6). ) to provide support.

As a specific way of realizing the calculation of vibration parameters, the data processing module (42) uses the magnetic induction intensity values measured by the magnetic sensing element included in the sensing module (7) in different time intervals to calculate the center line of the wire in different time intervals The position of the wire is obtained, and the position data of the center line of the wire is obtained, and the vibration waveform parameters of the wire are calculated using the unknown data of the group.

The vibration of the wire is reflected in the wire declination (32) where the wire center line 31 deviates from the horizontal reference line (33), and the calculated vibration waveform parameters of the wire are described based on the horizontal reference line (33).

The horizontal reference line ( 33 ) is a conceptual straight line, and the horizontal reference line ( 33 ) is a horizontal line passing through the intersection of the center line of the conductor in the static state and the plane where the measurement point corresponding to the magnetic sensing element is located.

The device given in this embodiment, wherein,

The data processing module (42) is configured to use the magnetic induction intensity measurement data to determine the wire current parameter, and the operation steps performed by the data processing module include:

Determine the proportional relationship: use Ampere's loop law to determine the relationship between the ratio of the magnetic induction between two measurement points at different positions and the ratio of the distances between the two measurement points to the intersection of the centerline of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located;

Determine the spacing relationship: use the position coordinates of the measurement point and the position coordinates of the wire centerline to indicate the distance from the measurement point to the wire centerline;

Using the proportional relationship, the distance relationship and the measured value of the magnetic induction intensity obtained at the measurement point to solve the coordinates of the intersection of the center line of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located;

Determine the current value of the wire using the coordinates of the intersection of the center line of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located and the coordinates of at least one measurement point;

The data processing module (42) is used to determine the wire vibration parameter by using the magnetic induction intensity measurement data, and the operation steps performed by the data processing module include:

Determine the proportional relationship: use Ampere's loop law to determine the relationship between the ratio of the magnetic induction between two measurement points at different positions and the ratio of the distances between the two measurement points to the intersection of the centerline of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located;

Determine the distance relationship: use the position coordinates of the measurement point and the position coordinates of the intersection of the centerline of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located to indicate the distance from the measurement point to the centerline of the wire;

Using the proportional relationship and the spacing relationship to solve the coordinates of the intersection of the centerline of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located;

Wire vibration parameters are determined using the coordinate values of the wire centerline acquired in different time intervals.

According to Ampere's loop law, the relationship between the external magnetic induction intensity of a round wire and the distance from the center line of the wire and the current value on the wire is:

B = μ ₀ I/2πr (1)

Among them, B is the magnetic induction intensity; μ ₀ is the magnetic constant of the medium; I is the current value in the wire; r is the distance between the measurement point and the center line of the wire.

The determining the proportional relationship specifically includes: in the case of using three measurement points T ₁ , T ₂ , and T ₃ , the distances from the measurement points T _{1 ,} T _{2 , and} T ₃ to the center line of the wire are r ₁ , r in turn ₂ , r _3, using formula (1), the following relationship can be obtained:

r1/r2=B2/B1 (2)

r1/r3=B3/B1 (3)

The determining of the distance relationship specifically includes: using the Euclidean distance relationship, using the coordinate values _of the measurement points T1 _, T2 _{, and} T3 to express _r1 , _r2 , and _r3 as:

r1=[(x0-x1) ² +(y0-y1) ² ]^(1/2) (4)

r2=[(x0-x2) ² +(y0-y2) ² ]^(1/2) (5)

r3=[(x0-x3) ² +(y0-y3) ² ]^(1/2) (6)

In the formula,

r1, r2, r3 are the distances from the measurement points T1, T2, T3 to the centerline of the wire; the measurement points T1, T2, T3 are located in the same plane P, and the plane P is perpendicular to the centerline of the wire.

(x0, y0) are the coordinates of the intersection of the center line of the wire and the plane P, and the plane P is the plane where the measurement points T1, T2, and T3 are located;

(x1, y1) are the coordinates of the measuring point T1 in the Cartesian coordinate system in the plane P;

(x2, y2) are the coordinates of the measuring point T2 in the Cartesian coordinate system in the plane P;

(x3, y3) are the coordinates of the measuring point T3 in the Cartesian coordinate system in the plane P.

Further, the coordinate values of the coordinates (x1, y1), (x2, y2) and (x3, y3) are known.

One way to set the coordinate system is to take the measurement point T1 (x1, y1) as the origin so that (x1, y1) = (0,0).

The method discussed here is suitable for the calculation of the position of the center point of the wire in the scenario where the measurement points are coplanar, the measurement points are not coplanar, and the relative positions between the measurement points are arbitrary;

To simplify the problem, it is assumed that the three measurement points lie on the same straight line.

The formula for calculating wire current using Ampere's loop law (1) is:

I = 2πrB/μ ₀ (7)

Specifically, taking the three magnetic sensing elements arranged in the first plane (1) as an example, as shown in FIG. 3, the three magnetic sensing elements (11), (12) and (13) are located on a straight line , and this straight line coincides with the coordinate axis X, the magnetic sensing element (11) is located at the origin of the rectangular coordinate system; r1, r2 and r3 represent the intersection of the wire centerline 31 and the first plane (1) to the three magnetic The distance between the measurement points corresponding to the sensing elements (11), (12) and (13), the intersection is called the reference point, and its coordinates are (x0, y0).

As a circuit implementation of wire current value measurement and wire vibration measurement, as shown in Figure 6, the measurement circuit includes:

a sensing module (7), a processing module (4), a communication module (8) and a power supply module (9); wherein,

The communication module (8) includes an antenna, a radio frequency circuit and a modulator;

The power supply module (9) contains batteries, solar panels or power conversion adapters.

The processing module (4) includes a signal conditioning module (41), and the signal conditioning module (41) includes at least one of a bridge circuit, an oscillation circuit, an amplifier circuit and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit.

The sensing module (7) is electrically connected with the processing module (4), and the sensing module (7) transmits its strain signal to the magnetic field to the signal conditioning module (41) in the processing module (4) through the electrical connection.

There is an electrical connection between the signal conditioning module (41) and the digital processing module (42), or there is an electrical connection with the communication module (8);

The signal conditioning module (41) sends the processed electrical signal carrying the magnetic field induction intensity information to the digital processing module (42), or the signal conditioning module (41) directly sends the processed electrical signal carrying the magnetic field induction intensity information. to the communication module (8).

There is an electrical connection between the communication module (8) and the digital processing module (42), or an electrical connection exists between the communication module (8) and the signal conditioning module (41), and the communication module (8) uses the connection to receive data output from the digital processing module (42) signal, or receive the data signal output by the signal conditioning module (41), and then send the received data signal to the network side.

There is an electrical connection between the power supply module (9) and the sensing module (7), the signal conditioning module (41) and the communication module (8), and power is supplied to the modules through the electrical connection.

The power supply module (9) includes at least one of a battery, a solar cell module, a power line power taking module and a power adapter module.

The device given in this embodiment, wherein,

The data processing module (42), corresponding to the case where the current in the wire is AC, performs the following interference identification operation before executing the operation of using the magnetic induction intensity measurement data to determine the current parameter of the wire:

Determine the time point when the zero value point of the alternating current occurs, and obtain the measurement value of the magnetic sensing unit at the time point when the zero value point appears. If the measurement value of the magnetic sensing unit is less than the predetermined zero value threshold, the magnetic sensing unit The location is judged to have no interfering magnetic field; if the measured value of the magnetic sensing unit is greater than or equal to the predetermined zero value threshold, the location of the magnetic sensing unit is judged to have an interfering magnetic field; or

Obtain the maximum positive value and the maximum negative value of the measured value of the magnetic sensing unit, and calculate the difference between the absolute value of the maximum positive value and the maximum negative value, if the absolute value of the difference is less than the predetermined absolute value of the positive and negative peak values If the absolute value of the difference is greater than the predetermined positive and negative peak absolute value difference threshold, the location of the magnetic sensing unit is judged to have interference magnetic field.

Specifically, the alternating magnetic field generated by the alternating current in the wire acts on the magnetic sensing element included in the magnetic sensing unit. In the absence of external magnetic field interference, the alternating magnetic field generated by the alternating current in the wire has the following characteristics :

1. A magnetic field with the same magnitude in the opposite direction is generated on the magnetic sensing element, that is, the maximum value (assuming a positive value) in one direction (assuming a positive direction) and the magnetic field generated in the opposite direction (assuming a negative direction) The absolute value of the maximum value (assuming a negative value) is equal; when there is a disturbing magnetic field, this equality relationship will be destroyed;

2. The magnetic induction intensity generated on the magnetic sensing element appears in the same waveform as the wire current, that is, in the form of a sine wave. In the absence of external magnetic field interference, when the current in the wire is at the zero-crossing point When , the magnetic induction intensity measured by the magnetic sensing element is also at the zero-crossing point.

Specifically, determining the time point at which the zero-value point of the alternating current occurs, including:

In one change cycle of the AC current, use the magnetic sensing unit to measure the magnetic field twice or more, use the sine curve to perform curve fitting on the measured values, obtain the fitting curve, and determine the AC from the fitting curve. The time point at which the zero point of the current occurs;

The methods of determining the time point at which the zero value point of the alternating current occurs from the fitted curve includes:

Directly take the zero value point of the fitted sinusoid as the time point when the zero value point of the alternating current occurs; or

The middle point between the positive maximum point (peak) and the negative maximum point (trough) of the fitted sine curve is taken as the time point when the zero value point of the alternating current appears.

Similarly, the method of obtaining the maximum value of positive value and the maximum value of negative value of the measurement value of the magnetic sensing unit includes:

In one change cycle of the alternating current, use the magnetic sensing unit to measure the magnetic field twice or more, use a sine curve to perform curve fitting on the measured values to obtain a fitting curve, and determine the magnetic field from the fitting curve. The maximum positive value and the maximum negative value of the measurement value of the sensing unit are determined; further, the occurrence time of the maximum value of the positive value and the maximum value of the negative value of the measurement value of the magnetic sensing unit is determined from the fitting curve.

Further, after determining the appearance moment of the positive maximum value and the negative value maximum value of the sensing unit measurement value, the magnetic induction intensity measurement is performed at the appearance moment of at least one of the positive value maximum value and the negative value maximum value, And use the magnetic induction value to calculate the wire current value.

Specifically, the predetermined zero value threshold takes a value in the range of 0 to 1 Tesla;

Preferably, the predetermined zero threshold is in the range of 0 to 10^(-3) Tesla.

The predetermined positive and negative peak absolute value difference threshold is a proportional value, and the proportional value is the ratio of the positive and negative peak absolute value difference to the positive and negative peak amplitude value, and the ratio is used as the predetermined positive and negative peak absolute value difference threshold. , the threshold is between 0 and 0.1;

Preferably, the predetermined positive and negative peak absolute value difference threshold ranges from 0 to 0.01.

The device given in this embodiment, wherein,

The data processing module (42), corresponding to the case where the current in the wire is DC or AC, before performing the operation of determining the current parameter of the wire using the magnetic induction intensity measurement data, performs the following interference identification operation:

Use the distances r ₁ , r ₂ , r ₃ , , , r _N from the measurement point to the reference point to determine a set of measurement point distance ratios: r ₁ /r ₂ , r ₁ /r ₃ , r ₁ /r ₄ , ,, r ₁ /r _N , the reference point is the intersection of the center line of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located, and the coordinates of the reference point are known values or hypothetical values;

Use the field strength measurements obtained at the measurement points in the measurement point distance ratio to determine a set of measurement point field strength ratios: B ₂ /B ₁ , B ₃ /B ₁ , B ₄ /B ₁ , . . . B _n /B1 _;

Use array R=[ r ₁ /r ₂ , r ₁ /r ₃ , r ₁ /r ₄ , ... r ₁ /r _N ] with array M=[ B ₂ /B ₁ ,B ₃ /B ₁ ,B ₄ / B ₁ , ...B _n / B ₁ ], or use the array M=[ B ₂ /B ₁ ,B ₃ / B ₁ ,B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] to determine if there is interference.

The coordinate of the reference point is a known value, including the coordinate calibration value in the state of no magnetic field interference, or the coordinate value of the reference point obtained by on-site measurement in the past;

The coordinates of the reference point are hypothetical values, including the coordinate values of the hypothetical reference point within the range where the true value of the reference point may appear;

The coordinate values of the hypothetical reference point within the range of the region where the true value of the distance from the reference point may appear may include coordinate values of one or more hypothetical reference points.

Interference identification is used to determine whether there is an interfering magnetic field at the measurement point. When there is an interfering magnetic field, the magnetic induction intensity sensed by the magnetic sensing element will contain interference components. Suppress or filter out the influence of the interfering magnetic field, which requires interference identification. In the case of identifying the existence of interference, further interference treatment measures are adopted;

The device given in this embodiment, wherein,

The data processing module (42) uses the array R=[r ₁ /r ₂ , r ₁ /r ₃ , r ₁ /r ₄ , . . . r ₁ /r _N ] and the array B=[ B ₂ / B ₁ , B ₃ / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] The difference of the corresponding items determines whether there is interference, including the following interference identification steps:

Calculate the derived value of the difference of the corresponding item, the derived value is the sum of the absolute values of the difference of the corresponding item, or the sum of the squares of the difference of the corresponding item;

Compare the derived value with the derived value threshold, if the derived value is greater than or equal to the derived value threshold, then the magnetic induction intensity measurement data included in array B is judged as disturbed measurement data, and interference processing is performed; if the derived value is less than the derived value threshold, then the magnetic induction intensity measurement data contained in the array M is judged as non-interference measurement data, and the measurement data is used to determine at least one of the wire current value and the wire vibration parameter;

The data processing module (42) uses the array M=[B ₂ /B ₁ , B ₃ / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] to determine whether there is interference, including at least the following One step:

Perform curve fitting on the array M, and compare the fitting error with the fitting error threshold. If the fitting error is greater than or equal to the fitting error threshold, it is judged that there is interference, and interference processing is performed; if the fitting error is less than the fitting error threshold If the error threshold is met, it is judged that there is no interference;

Perform curve fitting on the array M, and form the data on the fitted curve into an array F=[f1, f2, ... fn], and connect F with R=[ r ₁ /r ₂ , r ₁ /r ₃ , r ₁ /r ₄ ,... r ₁ /r _N ], find the Euclidean distance D(F, R) between the array F and the array R, and use the Euclidean distance to calculate the similarity S _f between the array F and the array R =1/(1+D), compare S _f with the similarity threshold THf, when S _f is less than or equal to the similarity threshold THf, it is judged that there is interference, and interference processing is performed; when S _f is greater than the similarity threshold THf, there is no interference; and

Find the Euclidean distance D(M, R) between the array M=[ B ₂ /B ₁ , B ₃ / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] and the array R, using the The Euclidean distance calculates the similarity S=1/(1+D) between the array M and the array R, and compares S _m with the similarity threshold THm. When S _m is less than or equal to the similarity threshold THm, it is judged that there is interference , and perform interference processing; when S _m is greater than the similarity threshold THm, it is judged that there is no interference.

Specifically, when calculating the similarity, the n-dimensional array F and the n-dimensional array R are regarded as the coordinates of two points in the n-dimensional space, and the Euclidean distance formula is used to solve the Euclidean distance D(F, R); Consider the n-dimensional array M and the n-dimensional array R as the coordinates of two points in the n-dimensional space;

Use the Euclidean distance formula to solve the Euclidean distance D(F, R) or D(M, R);

The similarity threshold is a positive real number with a value in the interval [0, 1], and the similarity threshold THf or THm does not include a value of 0 and a value of 1.

The performing interference processing includes:

Do not use this measurement data for current centerline coordinate calculation; or

Remove the strong interference data, and use the measured data after removing the strong interference data to calculate the coordinates of the current center line.

Specifically, the step of removing strong interference data includes:

Corresponding to comparing the derived value with the derived value threshold, if the derived value is greater than or equal to the derived value threshold, then the magnetic induction intensity measurement data included in the array B is judged as disturbed measurement data, and interference processing is performed, and further includes the following culling Steps for strongly disturbing data:

Get array M=[ B ₂ /B ₁ , B ₃ / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] with R=[ r ₁ /r ₂ , r ₁ /r ₃ , r ₁ /r ₄ ，...r ₁ /r _N ] The array D _ABS =[d1,d2,d3,...dn] composed of the absolute value of the difference between the corresponding items in the ], determine the maximum value from D _ABS The position number of the item in M=[ B ₂ /B ₁ , B ₃ / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] is the magnetic induction intensity in the denominator of the item with the same position number The measured value is judged as a disturbed measurement item, and the disturbed measurement item is not used to solve the position coordinates of the intersection of the center line of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located.

Corresponding to comparing the fitting error with the fitting error threshold, if the fitting error is greater than or equal to the fitting error threshold, it is judged that there is interference, and interference processing is performed, and further includes the following steps of eliminating strong interference data:

Get the distance between the corresponding items in the array M=[ B ₂ /B ₁ ,B ₃ / B ₁ ,B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] and F=[f1,f2, ... fn] The array D _{ABS =} [d1, _d2 , _d3 ,...dn] _composed of the absolute values of the difference values of / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] in the items with the same position number, the measured value of the magnetic induction intensity as the denominator is judged as the disturbed measurement item, and the disturbed measurement item is not used for Solve for the location coordinates of the intersection of the traverse centerline and the plane where the survey point is located.

Correspondingly, when S _f is less than or equal to the similarity threshold THf, it is judged that there is interference, and interference processing is performed, and further includes the following steps of eliminating strong interference data:

Get the distance between the corresponding items in the array M=[ B ₂ /B ₁ ,B ₃ / B ₁ ,B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] and F=[f1,f2, ... fn] The array D _{ABS =} [d1, _d2 , _d3 ,...dn] _composed of the absolute values of the difference values of / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] in the items with the same position number, the measured value of the magnetic induction intensity as the denominator is judged as the disturbed measurement item, and the disturbed measurement item is not used for Solve for the location coordinates of the intersection of the traverse centerline and the plane where the survey point is located.

Correspondingly, when S _m is less than or equal to the similarity threshold THm, it is judged that there is interference, and interference processing is performed, and further includes the following steps of eliminating strong interference data:

Get array M=[ B ₂ /B ₁ , B ₃ / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] with R=[ r ₁ /r ₂ , r ₁ /r ₃ , r ₁ /r ₄ ，...r ₁ /r _N ] The array D _ABS =[d1,d2,d3,...dn] composed of the absolute value of the difference between the corresponding items in the ], determine the maximum value from D _ABS The position number of the item in M=[ B ₂ /B ₁ , B ₃ / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] is the magnetic induction intensity in the denominator of the item with the same position number The measured value is judged as a disturbed measurement item, and the disturbed measurement item is not used to solve the position coordinates of the intersection of the center line of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located.

In the specific implementation process, the operations of the wire centerline coordinate calculation, wire current calculation, wire vibration calculation, and interference identification can be performed at the measurement site or sent to the network side for execution.

One implementation is that the measurement data is sent to the network side, and the network side uses the measurement data for processing. The advantage of this is that the original magnetic induction intensity measurement data can be obtained, which is conducive to in-depth processing of the measurement data. Combine the historical data and the data of adjacent measurement points to judge whether the measurement data is abnormal;

One embodiment is to perform wire current calculation and wire vibration calculation at the measurement site, and send the calculation results to the network side. The disadvantage of this processing is that the original measurement data is lost, and the network side cannot make further analysis from the level of magnetic induction.

Specifically, the derived value threshold is a ratio, including any of the following proportional relationships:

When the derived value is R=[ r ₁ /r ₂ , r ₁ /r ₃ , r ₁ /r ₄ , ... r ₁ /r _N ] and the array B=[ B ₂ /B ₁ ,B ₃ / B ₁ ,B ₄ / B ₁ ,...B _n / B ₁ ] when the sum of the absolute values of the differences of the corresponding items, the derived value threshold is the sum of the absolute values of the differences of the corresponding items and B=[ B ₂ /B ₁ , B ₃ / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ], the ratio Rsum of the sum of the absolute values of each item; Rsum takes a value in the range of 0 to 0.1; preferably, Rsum is 0 Values within the range of ~0.01;

When the derived value is R=[ r ₁ /r ₂ , r ₁ /r ₃ , r ₁ /r ₄ , ... r ₁ /r _N ] and the array B=[ B ₂ /B ₁ ,B ₃ / B ₁ ,B ₄ / B ₁ ,...B _n / B ₁ ] When the sum of the squares of the differences of the corresponding items, the threshold of the derived value is the sum of the squares of the differences of the corresponding items and B=[ B ₂ /B ₁ ,B ₃ /B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ], the ratio Rsumsq of the sum of squares of the items in the value.

Specifically, the fitting error threshold is a ratio, including the following proportional relationship:

The fitting error threshold is the ratio Fsumsq of the sum of squares of fitting residuals and the sum of squares of items in B=[ B ₂ /B ₁ , B ₃ / B ₁ , B ₄ / B ₁ , ... B _n / B ₁ ] , Fsumsq takes a value in the range of 0 to 0.1; preferably, Fsumsq takes a value in the range of 0 to 0.01.

The device given in this embodiment, wherein,

The data processing module (42) executes the operation of using the magnetic induction intensity measurement data to determine the loose state of the installation, which specifically includes the following operation steps:

Determine the proportional relationship: use Ampere's loop law to determine the relationship between the ratio of the magnetic induction between two measurement points at different positions and the ratio of the distances between the two measurement points to the intersection of the centerline of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located;

Determine the spacing relationship: use the position coordinates of the measurement point and the position coordinates of the wire centerline to indicate the distance from the measurement point to the wire centerline;

Using the proportional relationship, the distance relationship and the measured value of the magnetic induction intensity obtained at the measurement point to solve the coordinates of the intersection of the center line of the wire and the plane where the measurement point is located;

Determine the change amount of the coordinates of the intersection point, if the change amount of the coordinates of the intersection point is greater than or equal to a predetermined position change amount threshold, the installation of the magnetic sensing element is judged to be loose; if the change of the coordinates of the intersection point If the amount is smaller than the predetermined position variation threshold, the installation of the magnetic sensing element is judged to be no looseness.

Usually, the vibration or galloping of the wire will cause the installation connection between the magnetic sensing element and the wire to be loose, and the aging deformation or fracture of the installation connector will also cause the installation connection between the magnetic sensing element and the wire to be loose;

In order to ensure the authenticity of the current measurement value of the wire, it is necessary to detect the looseness of the installation connection between the magnetic sensing element and the wire in time.

Specifically, the position change threshold is the distance value Δd from the intersection position Pn calculated by the current measurement to the intersection position Pb calculated by the previous measurement;

The Pb is the position coordinate of the intersection point measured and calculated in the initial installation stage, or the position coordinate of the intersection point calculated and measured in a certain time interval after the initial installation stage;

The position change threshold Δd is within the range of 0.01 mm to 5 mm;

Preferably, the position change threshold Δd takes a value in the range of 0.01 mm to 1 mm.

The use of magnetic induction intensity measurement data to determine the loose state of installation discussed in this embodiment is applicable to the application scenario where the magnetic sensing element is installed in a wire housing or a fuse housing, as shown in Figure 4. In this application scenario, the use of Sensing element holder (5).

The methods and apparatuses provided in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in whole or in part using electronic technology; the methods provided in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in whole or in part through software instructions and/or hardware circuits; the apparatuses provided in the embodiments of the present invention Contains modules or units that can be implemented using electronic components.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any person skilled in the field of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed by the present invention, can make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the implementation, but the protection scope of the present invention is based on the appended The scope of the claims shall prevail.

The method and device provided by the embodiments of the present invention overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, such as complicated installation, low measurement accuracy, poor anti-interference ability, and inability to comprehensively detect two of wire current, wire vibration and loose installation. at least one of. It is easy to install and has strong anti-interference ability. It can be used for wire current detection, wire vibration detection and installation looseness detection.

Claims (12)

1. A detection method based on a wire magnetic field comprises the following steps:

acquiring magnetic induction intensity measurement data of N magnetic sensing units which are arranged at the periphery of a lead and have known relative positions, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 3;

at least one of a wire current parameter, a wire vibration parameter, and a mount looseness state is determined using the magnetic induction measurement data.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein,

the N magnetic sensing units which are deployed at the periphery of the lead and have known relative positions are specifically arranged in any one of the following manners:

the method comprises the following steps that in a first arrangement mode, N magnetic sensing units are arranged in a first plane perpendicular to the central line of a lead, a sensing unit support is used for supporting the N magnetic sensing units, and the sensing unit support is supported by the lead or a lead shell;

the second layout mode is that the N magnetic sensing units are deployed in a first plane and a second plane which are perpendicular to the central line of the lead, the position coordinate of the perpendicular projection of the magnetic sensing unit in the first plane in the second plane is not overlapped with the position coordinate of the magnetic sensing unit in the second plane, or the position coordinate of the perpendicular projection of the magnetic sensing unit in the second plane in the first plane is not overlapped with the position coordinate of the magnetic sensing unit in the first plane, a sensing unit bracket is used for providing support for the N magnetic sensing units, and the sensing unit bracket is supported by the lead or a lead shell;

the N magnetic sensing units are arranged in a first plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane, a sensing unit support is used for supporting the N magnetic sensing units, the sensing unit support is supported by a lead fixing seat, and displacement relative to the sensing unit support is generated when a lead vibrates;

and in the arrangement mode, the N magnetic sensing units are used for determining at least one of a lead current parameter, a lead vibration parameter and an installation loosening state.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein,

the determining of the wire current parameter using magnetic induction measurement data comprises:

determining a proportional relation: determining the relationship between the ratio of the magnetic induction intensity between two measuring points at different positions and the ratio of the distances from the two measuring points to the intersection point of the central line of the lead and the plane where the measuring points are located by using an ampere loop law;

determining a spacing relationship: using the position coordinates of the measuring point and the position coordinates of the central line of the lead to express the distance from the measuring point to the central line of the lead;

using the proportional relation, the distance relation and the measured value of the magnetic induction intensity obtained at the measuring point to solve the coordinate of the intersection point of the central line of the lead and the plane where the measuring point is located;

determining a wire current value by using the coordinates of the intersection point of the wire central line and the plane where the measuring points are located and the coordinates of at least one measuring point;

the use of magnetic induction measurement data to determine a wire vibration parameter, comprising:

determining a proportional relation: determining the relationship between the ratio of the magnetic induction intensity between two measuring points at different positions and the ratio of the distances from the two measuring points to the intersection point of the central line of the lead and the plane where the measuring points are located by using an ampere loop law;

determining a spacing relationship: the position coordinates of the measuring point and the position coordinates of the intersection point of the central line of the lead and the plane where the measuring point is located are used for representing the distance from the measuring point to the central line of the lead;

solving the coordinates of the intersection point of the central line of the lead and the plane where the measuring point is located by using the proportional relation and the distance relation;

and determining a lead vibration parameter by using the coordinate values of the lead central line acquired in different time intervals.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein,

corresponding to the case where the current in the wire is alternating current, before performing the operation of determining the wire current parameter using the magnetic induction measurement data, an operation of interference identification is performed as follows:

determining the time point of the zero point of the alternating current, acquiring the measured value of the magnetic sensing unit at the time point of the zero point, and judging the position of the magnetic sensing unit as the non-interference magnetic field if the measured value of the magnetic sensing unit is smaller than a preset zero threshold; if the measured value of the magnetic sensing unit is greater than or equal to a preset zero threshold, judging the position of the magnetic sensing unit as the existence of an interference magnetic field; or

Acquiring a positive value maximum value and a negative value maximum value of a measured value of the magnetic sensing unit, calculating a difference value of absolute values of the positive value maximum value and the negative value maximum value, and judging the position of the magnetic sensing unit as not having an interference magnetic field if the absolute value of the difference value is smaller than a preset positive and negative peak value absolute value difference value threshold; and if the absolute value of the difference is greater than the preset positive and negative peak absolute value difference threshold, judging the position of the magnetic sensing unit as the existence of an interference magnetic field.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein,

corresponding to the case where the current in the wire is direct current or alternating current, before performing the operation of determining the wire current parameter using the magnetic induction measurement data, an operation of interference identification is performed as follows:

using the distance r from the measuring point to the reference point₁、r₂、r₃、、、r_NDetermining a set of measurement point distance ratios: r is₁/r₂、r₁/r₃、r₁/r₄、、、r₁/r_NThe reference point is the intersection point of the central line of the lead and the plane where the measuring point is located, and the coordinate of the reference point is a known value or an assumed value;

determining a set of measurement point field strength ratios using field strength measurements taken at measurement points in the measurement point distance ratios: b is₂/B₁、B₃/ B₁、B₄/ B₁、... B_n/ B₁；

Using the array R = [ R ]₁/r₂，r₁/r₃，r₁/r₄，... r₁/r_N]And array M = [ B ]₂/B₁,B₃/ B₁,B₄/ B₁, ...B_n/ B₁]Difference of corresponding entries, or use of the array M = [ B = [)₂/B₁,B₃/ B₁,B₄/ B₁, ... B_n/ B₁]It is determined whether interference is present.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein,

the method for determining the installation looseness state by using the magnetic induction intensity measurement data comprises the following steps:

determining a proportional relation: determining the relationship between the ratio of the magnetic induction intensity between two measuring points at different positions and the ratio of the distances from the two measuring points to the intersection point of the central line of the lead and the plane where the measuring points are located by using an ampere loop law;

determining a spacing relationship: using the position coordinates of the measuring point and the position coordinates of the central line of the lead to express the distance from the measuring point to the central line of the lead;

using the proportional relation, the distance relation and the measured value of the magnetic induction intensity obtained at the measuring point to solve the coordinate of the intersection point of the central line of the lead and the plane where the measuring point is located;

judging the variation of the coordinates of the intersection points, and judging that the magnetic sensing element is installed to be loose if the variation of the coordinates of the intersection points is larger than or equal to a preset position variation threshold; and if the coordinate variation of the intersection point is smaller than a preset position variation threshold, judging that the magnetic sensing element is not loosened.

7. A wire magnetic field-based detection device, comprising:

a sensing module (7) and a processing module (4); wherein,

the sensing module (7) is used for acquiring magnetic induction intensity data generated by current of a lead and comprises N magnetic sensing units which are arranged at the periphery of the lead and have known relative positions, each magnetic sensing unit comprises at least one magnetic sensing element, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 3;

the processing module (4) is used for determining at least one of a wire current parameter, a wire vibration parameter and a loose installation state by using the magnetic induction intensity measurement data, and comprises a signal conditioning module (41) and a data processing module (42);

the sensing module (7) also comprises a sensing element support (5) or a sensing element support (6);

the sensing element bracket (5) is in supporting connection with a lead, a lead shell or a fuse shell;

the sensing element bracket (6) is in supporting connection with the lead fixing support (34).

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein,

the sensing module (7) comprises N magnetic sensing units which are arranged on the periphery of the lead and have known relative positions, and the specific arrangement mode comprises any one of the following modes:

the sensor is arranged on a sensor element support (5), N magnetic sensing units are arranged in a first plane perpendicular to the central line of a lead, the sensor unit support (5) is used for supporting the N magnetic sensing units, and the sensor unit support (5) is supported by the lead, a lead shell or a fuse shell;

the second arrangement mode is that the second arrangement mode is arranged on a sensing element support (5), N magnetic sensing units are arranged in a first plane and a second plane which are perpendicular to the central line of the lead, the position coordinate of the vertical projection of the magnetic sensing unit in the first plane in the second plane is not overlapped with the position coordinate of the magnetic sensing unit in the second plane, or the position coordinate of the vertical projection of the magnetic sensing unit in the second plane in the first plane is not overlapped with the position coordinate of the magnetic sensing unit in the first plane, the sensing unit support (5) is used for providing support for the N magnetic sensing units, and the sensing unit support (5) is supported by the lead, a lead shell or a fuse shell;

the sensor unit is arranged on a sensor element support (6), the angle of the sensor element support (6) is adjusted to enable N magnetic sensor units to be arranged in a first plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the sensor unit support (6) is used for providing support for the N magnetic sensor units, the sensor unit support (6) is supported by a lead fixing seat (34), and displacement relative to the sensor unit support is generated when a lead vibrates, and in the arrangement mode, the N magnetic sensor units are used for determining at least one of a current parameter of the lead, a vibration parameter of the lead and a loose installation state;

the arrangement mode is four, the magnetic sensing unit is arranged on the sensing element support (6), the angle of the sensing element support (6) is adjusted to ensure that the N magnetic sensing units are arranged in a first plane and a second plane which are vertical to the horizontal plane, the position coordinates of the vertical projection of the magnetic sensing units in the first plane in the second plane are not overlapped with the position coordinates of the magnetic sensing units in the second plane, or the position coordinate of the perpendicular projection of the magnetic sensing unit in the second plane in the first plane is not overlapped with the position coordinate of the magnetic sensing unit in the first plane, a sensing unit bracket (6) is used for providing support for the N magnetic sensing units, the sensing unit bracket (6) is supported by a lead fixing seat (34) and generates displacement relative to the sensing unit bracket when the lead vibrates, in this layout mode, the N magnetic sensing units are used to determine at least one of a wire current parameter, a wire vibration parameter, and a loose-fitting state.

9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein,

the data processing module (42) for determining a wire current parameter using magnetic induction measurement data, performs the operational steps comprising:

determining a proportional relation: determining the relationship between the ratio of the magnetic induction intensity between two measuring points at different positions and the ratio of the distances from the two measuring points to the intersection point of the central line of the lead and the plane where the measuring points are located by using an ampere loop law;

determining a spacing relationship: using the position coordinates of the measuring point and the position coordinates of the central line of the lead to express the distance from the measuring point to the central line of the lead;

using the proportional relation, the distance relation and the measured value of the magnetic induction intensity obtained at the measuring point to solve the coordinate of the intersection point of the central line of the lead and the plane where the measuring point is located;

determining a wire current value by using the coordinates of the intersection point of the wire central line and the plane where the measuring points are located and the coordinates of at least one measuring point;

the data processing module (42) for determining a wire vibration parameter using magnetic induction measurement data performs the operational steps comprising:

determining a proportional relation: determining the relationship between the ratio of the magnetic induction intensity between two measuring points at different positions and the ratio of the distances from the two measuring points to the intersection point of the central line of the lead and the plane where the measuring points are located by using an ampere loop law;

determining a spacing relationship: the position coordinates of the measuring point and the position coordinates of the intersection point of the central line of the lead and the plane where the measuring point is located are used for representing the distance from the measuring point to the central line of the lead;

solving the coordinates of the intersection point of the central line of the lead and the plane where the measuring point is located by using the proportional relation and the distance relation;

and determining a lead vibration parameter by using the coordinate values of the lead central line acquired in different time intervals.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein,

the data processing module (42), corresponding to the case where the current in the wire is alternating current, performs the following interference identification operation before performing the operation of determining the wire current parameter using the magnetic induction measurement data:

determining the time point of the zero point of the alternating current, acquiring the measured value of the magnetic sensing unit at the time point of the zero point, and judging the position of the magnetic sensing unit as the non-interference magnetic field if the measured value of the magnetic sensing unit is smaller than a preset zero threshold; if the measured value of the magnetic sensing unit is greater than or equal to a preset zero threshold, judging the position of the magnetic sensing unit as the existence of an interference magnetic field; or

Acquiring a positive value maximum value and a negative value maximum value of a measured value of the magnetic sensing unit, calculating a difference value of absolute values of the positive value maximum value and the negative value maximum value, and judging the position of the magnetic sensing unit as not having an interference magnetic field if the absolute value of the difference value is smaller than a preset positive and negative peak value absolute value difference value threshold; and if the absolute value of the difference is greater than the preset positive and negative peak absolute value difference threshold, judging the position of the magnetic sensing unit as the existence of an interference magnetic field.

11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein,

the data processing module (42), corresponding to the case where the current in the wire is direct current or alternating current, performs the following interference identification operation before performing the operation of determining the wire current parameter using the magnetic induction measurement data:

using the distance r from the measuring point to the reference point₁、r₂、r₃、、、r_NDetermining a set of measurement point distance ratios: r is₁/r₂、r₁/r₃、r₁/r₄、、、r₁/r_NThe reference point is the intersection point of the central line of the lead and the plane where the measuring point is located, and the coordinate of the reference point is a known value or an assumed value;

determining a set of measurement point field strength ratios using field strength measurements taken at measurement points in the measurement point distance ratios: b is₂/B₁、B₃/ B₁、B₄/ B₁、... B_n/ B₁；

Using the array R = [ R ]₁/r₂，r₁/r₃，r₁/r₄，... r₁/r_N]And array M = [ B ]₂/B₁,B₃/ B₁,B₄/ B₁, ...B_n/ B₁]Difference of corresponding entries, or use of the array M = [ B = [)₂/B₁,B₃/ B₁,B₄/ B₁, ... B_n/ B₁]It is determined whether interference is present.

12. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein,

the data processing module (42) executes the operation of determining the installation loosening state by using the magnetic induction intensity measurement data, and specifically comprises the following operation steps:

determining a proportional relation: determining the relationship between the ratio of the magnetic induction intensity between two measuring points at different positions and the ratio of the distances from the two measuring points to the intersection point of the central line of the lead and the plane where the measuring points are located by using an ampere loop law;

determining a spacing relationship: using the position coordinates of the measuring point and the position coordinates of the central line of the lead to express the distance from the measuring point to the central line of the lead;

using the proportional relation, the distance relation and the measured value of the magnetic induction intensity obtained at the measuring point to solve the coordinate of the intersection point of the central line of the lead and the plane where the measuring point is located;

judging the variation of the coordinates of the intersection points, and judging that the magnetic sensing element is installed to be loose if the variation of the coordinates of the intersection points is larger than or equal to a preset position variation threshold; and if the coordinate variation of the intersection point is smaller than a preset position variation threshold, judging that the magnetic sensing element is not loosened.

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