CN111584791A - Battery module - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery module, which comprises: the battery cell module comprises a plurality of battery cells, the battery cells are suitable for being stacked and then connected in series or in parallel, and a first explosion-proof valve of each battery cell is positioned at least one end of each battery cell in the length direction; the separator module comprises a plurality of heat insulation plates, and one heat insulation plate is suitable for being bonded between two adjacent electric cores; the box module includes six closing plates, six closing plates are suitable for the six sides of bonding electric core module respectively, six closing plates after bonding are suitable for with a plurality of heat insulating board cooperations, in order to constitute a plurality of sealed sub-installation chambeies, just be formed with a plurality of second explosion-proof valves that correspond with first explosion-proof valve on the closing plate to first explosion-proof valve, sub-installation chamber is suitable for through sealed glue with the second explosion-proof valve that corresponds and seals, and between first explosion-proof valve and second explosion-proof valve, be equipped with the insulating layer on the closing plate. The battery module provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of good sealing performance, high safety and capability of better relieving pressure to protect the battery core.

Description

battery module

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery module.

Background technique

At present, electric vehicles are grouped with multiple small modules, each of which is 3 series/4 series/6 series, and the largest is not more than 50 series, but electric vehicles often require more than 80 series, and the optimal one is often It is 96 series to 108 series, and the maximum efficiency of the motor can often be exerted at this time. A set of electric vehicle battery system needs to be assembled into the battery box according to the series-parallel requirements of the whole vehicle. Many small modules and other components are assembled into the battery box. It is troublesome to assemble many battery system components. And the explosion-proof pressure relief parts are added to the battery box to ensure that the battery system can be oriented and released safely when the pressure is released, but there is a battery discharge, when the high-temperature gas reaches the explosion-proof valve, it will interfere with other batteries, causing other cells to catch fire. Thermal runaway.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, an object of the present invention is to provide a battery module, the battery module has good sealing performance, can better discharge pressure to protect the battery cells, and has high safety.

According to the battery module of the embodiment of the present invention, the battery module includes: a battery cell module, the battery cell module includes a plurality of battery cells, and the plurality of battery cells are suitable for being stacked in series or in parallel, and the battery cells The first explosion-proof valve is located at at least one end of the length direction of the electric core; the baffle module, the baffle module includes a plurality of heat insulation plates, and two adjacent electric cores are suitable for bonding one of them. The heat insulation board; the box body module, the box body module includes six sealing plates, the six sealing plates are respectively suitable for bonding the six sides of the battery module, and the bonded six sealing plates are The plate is adapted to cooperate with a plurality of the heat insulation plates to form a plurality of sealed sub-installation cavities, and a plurality of second explosion-proof valves corresponding to the first explosion-proof valve are formed on the sealing plate facing the first explosion-proof valve. An explosion-proof valve, the sub-installation cavity in which the battery core is installed and the corresponding second explosion-proof valve are suitable for sealing with a sealant, and between the first explosion-proof valve and the second explosion-proof valve, the sealing There is an insulating layer on the board.

According to the battery module according to the embodiment of the present invention, by installing the plurality of battery cells in a plurality of independent and closed sub-installation cavities, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the battery cells can be released when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cells somewhere. It is better to discharge the battery module through the first explosion-proof valve and the second explosion-proof valve, which can effectively prevent interference with other high-quality batteries, and avoid the safety risks such as explosion and combustion caused by thermal runaway of multiple batteries. It has high structural strength and good sealing performance, which can better relieve pressure to protect the cell, and has high safety.

In addition, the battery module according to the embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

In some embodiments of the present invention, the heat insulation board includes: a middle partition plate, a plurality of through holes are formed on the middle partition plate, the diameter of each of the through holes is limited to 1-20 mm, and a plurality of The sum of the areas S1 of the through holes and the area S of the middle partition board satisfies: S1≤0.7S; the limit part, the limit part is provided at at least one end of the left and right ends of the middle partition board, The limiting portion is suitable for extending along a length direction perpendicular to the middle partition plate, the side surface of the battery core is suitable for fitting with the middle partition plate, and the left end or the right end of the battery core is suitable for connecting with the middle partition plate. The limit part is in contact.

Optionally, an avoidance groove is formed on the limit part, and in the up-down direction, the avoidance groove corresponds to the positive or negative electrode of the battery cell, and the two adjacent battery cells are connected in series or in parallel. The connecting row is suitable for matching with the avoidance groove and hidden in the avoidance groove.

Further, a positioning groove is formed in the middle of the avoidance groove, a positioning protrusion is formed on the connecting row, and the positioning groove is suitable for matching with the positioning protrusion.

Optionally, a glue groove is formed on the limiting portion, and when the sealing plate is bonded to the position facing the limiting portion, the glue groove is suitable for filling with sealant, and the sealant is The filling height is greater than the groove depth of the glue tank.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a fire extinguishing and pressure relief flue is formed in the sealing plate opposite to the explosion-proof valve, and a side of the sealing plate facing the cell module is provided with a fire extinguishing and pressure relief flue extending in the length direction. The first pressure relief hole is provided with a plurality of first pressure relief holes, and the plurality of first pressure relief holes are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of the sub-installation cavities. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas or flame released by the battery cell It is suitable for entering the fire extinguishing pressure relief flue from the first pressure relief hole.

Further, a side of the sealing plate away from the cell module is provided with a second pressure relief hole, and the second pressure relief hole is provided with a plurality of first pressure relief holes and a plurality of the first pressure relief holes. The second pressure relief holes face each other in the length direction of the battery core, and at least one end of the length direction of the fire extinguishing pressure relief flue has a pressure relief opening, and the high temperature and high pressure entering the fire extinguishing pressure relief flue The gas or flame is suitable to be released to the outside from the pressure relief opening and the second pressure relief hole after being extinguished by the fire extinguishing pressure relief flue.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the box module further includes: an upper sealing ring, the upper sealing ring covers the top of the heat shield and at least a part of the top opening of the sub-installation cavity, the The upper sealing ring is located at the lower end of the sealing plate at the top, and the upper sealing ring is adapted to cooperate with the sealing plate at the top to seal the top of the sub-installation cavity; the lower sealing ring covers the At the bottom of the heat shield and at least a part of the bottom opening of the sub-installation cavity, the lower sealing ring is located at the upper end of the sealing plate at the bottom, and the lower sealing ring is adapted to cooperate with the sealing plate at the bottom Seal the bottom of the sub-mounting cavity.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the sealing plate at the bottom includes: a cooling plate and an insulating layer, cooling pipes are evenly arranged on the cooling plate, the insulating layer includes an insulating film, and the insulating film is provided on the The cooling plate faces the side of the cell module; the sealing plate on the top includes a heat dissipation plate and an insulating layer, a heat dissipation grille is formed on the side of the heat dissipation plate away from the cell module, and the heat dissipation plate faces An insulating layer is provided on one side of the cell module.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a detection module includes a plurality of collection sheets, each of the collection sheets is formed with a plurality of detection contacts, and each of the detection contacts is adapted to be compatible with each of the At least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell is connected.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth, in part, from the following description, and in part will be apparent from the following description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Description of drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is an exploded view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the enlarged view of A area in Fig. 2;

4 is a schematic diagram of the position of the negative terminal of the cell of the battery module according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the position of the positive terminal and the first explosion-proof valve of the cell of the battery module according to the embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat shield of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the enlarged view of B area in Fig. 6;

8 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a battery cell and a heat shield according to an embodiment of the present invention;

9 is an assembly diagram of a cell module of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is the enlarged view of C area in Fig. 9;

11 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire extinguishing and pressure relief flue of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

12 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat dissipation plate of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference number:

100: battery module;

1: Cell module; 11: Cell; 111: First explosion-proof valve; 12: Connection row; 121: Positioning protrusion;

2: heat insulation board; 21: middle partition board; 22: limit part; 221: avoidance groove; 222: positioning groove; 223: glue groove;

3: sealing plate; 31: fire extinguishing pressure relief flue; first pressure relief hole; 311 second pressure relief hole; 312: pressure relief opening; 32: cooling plate; 33: cooling plate; 331: cooling grille;

4: detection module; 41: collection piece; 411: detection contact.

Detailed ways

The following describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

The battery module 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to FIGS. 1-12 .

According to the battery module 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the battery module 100 includes: a battery core module 1 , a separator module and a box body module.

Specifically, the battery cell module 1 includes a plurality of battery cells 11 , and the plurality of battery cells 11 are suitable for being stacked in series or in parallel. In an example shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell 11 are located on both sides of the battery cell 11 in the length direction, respectively, and the plurality of battery cells 11 are connected in series according to the layout shown in FIG. 6 to improve the battery module. The upper limit of the electrical energy that can be stored by 100, when installed on electrical equipment such as electric vehicles, can better improve the battery life of the electrical equipment. At the same time, the overall shape of the battery module 100 formed by the above method is more regular, which is convenient for fitting and installing on the electrical equipment, and is convenient for operation. It should be noted that the shape, layout and connection method of the battery cells 11 can be set according to actual production needs, which are only given here as examples, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

In the example shown in FIG. 5 , the first explosion-proof valve 111 is arranged on the positive side of the battery cell 11, so that when the battery cell 11 is thermally out of control, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas or flame instantaneously generated inside the battery cell 11 can pass through the first explosion-proof valve 111. An explosion-proof valve 111 is directionally discharged, so as to avoid the safety risk caused by the explosion or combustion of the battery cell 11 caused by excessive pressure or high temperature inside the battery cell 11 . It should be noted here that the first explosion-proof valve 111 may also be provided at the negative end of the battery cell 11 , or at the positive end and the negative end of the battery cell 11 at the same time, which is not limited here.

Specifically, the partition module includes a plurality of thermal insulation boards 2, and one thermal insulation board 2 is suitable for bonding between two adjacent cells 11, that is, the thermal insulation board 2 can better block the cells 11. The heat transfer between the battery cells 11 prevents that when one of the battery cells 11 is thermally out of control, the battery cells 11 transfer heat through the sidewall to damage its adjacent good quality battery cells 11 , thereby improving the safety of the battery module 100 .

In some examples, the heat insulating plate 2 and the battery core 11 are bonded by a structural adhesive to ensure the stability of the connection between the two, and the adhesive strength of the structural adhesive is greater than 0.2 MPa.

Preferably, the height of the heat insulation board 2 is not lower than the height of the battery core 11, so that the side where the battery core 11 and the heat insulation board 2 are connected are all located on the heat insulation board 2, so as to ensure that the heat insulation board 2 can be well blocked Heat conduction between adjacent cells 11 .

It should be noted here that, in production applications, the heat insulation board 2 is made of materials with a low thermal conductivity, and all of them are insulating materials. Electrical insulation, the compressive capacity of heat shield 2 is less than or equal to 0.2MPa, and the deformation amplitude does not exceed 10%

Further, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the box body module includes six sealing plates 3 , and the six sealing plates 3 are respectively suitable for bonding the six sides of the cell module 1 , and the bonded six sealing plates 3 It is suitable for cooperating with a plurality of heat insulation plates 2 to form a plurality of sealed sub-installation cavities (not shown in the figure). The sealing plate 3 facing the first explosion-proof valve 111 is formed with a plurality of The second explosion-proof valve (not shown in the figure), the sub-installation cavity where the battery cell 11 is installed and the corresponding second explosion-proof valve are suitable for sealing by sealant, and between the first explosion-proof valve 111 and the second explosion-proof valve, An insulating layer is provided on the sealing plate 3 . The insulating layer is used for electrical insulation between the sealing plate 3 and the cells 11 , so as to avoid safety risks caused by leakage of the battery module 100 or short circuit between the cells 11 .

That is to say, the six sealing plates 3 are bonded to form a box structure, and the cell module 1 is enclosed in the sealing space formed by them. It is manufactured by a forging technology. Preferably, the sealing plates 3 are connected to each other by welding. Of course, structural connections such as riveting and bolts can also be used to improve the structural strength of the battery module 100 and protect the battery module 1. .

Specifically, the plurality of cells 11 are respectively installed in a plurality of independent and closed sub-installation cavities to form the thermal insulation protection of the single cell 11. When the cell 11 is thermally out of control, the cell 11 passes through the first explosion-proof The valve 111 discharges the high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the cell 11 directionally, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the sealed space formed between the sealant, the cell 11 and the second explosion-proof valve. Preferably, the sealant is a flame-retardant sealant to prevent the cell 11 When thermal runaway occurs, high temperature and high pressure gas enters the area of other cells 11, and then the gas is released to the outside of the cell module 1 through the second explosion-proof valve corresponding to the first explosion-proof valve 111, so as to prevent the internal pressure of the cell 11 from being too high or the temperature being too high explosion, combustion and other safety risks.

Preferably, the second explosion-proof valve is a one-way opening structure, the gas can only be discharged from the inside to the outside, and the outside air cannot enter through the second explosion-proof valve, so as to ensure that when the battery cell 11 is thermally out of control, when the second explosion-proof valve is released, high temperature and high pressure The gas will not be poured back into the area of the good cell 11 through the other second explosion-proof valves. Moreover, in some examples of the present invention, an insulating pressure relief film is provided on the outer side of the second explosion-proof valve, and the pressure relief film is made of high temperature and refractory material, which can withstand a high temperature of 1000 ° C and will not be burnt through within five minutes. , when the second explosion-proof valve receives a pressure greater than 25kpa from the inside, the pressure relief membrane can be opened instantaneously to discharge the gas.

According to the battery module 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, by installing the plurality of battery cells 11 in a plurality of independent and closed sub-installation cavities, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 11 somewhere, the internal The high-temperature and high-pressure gas can be discharged from the cell module 1 through the first explosion-proof valve 111 and the second explosion-proof valve, effectively preventing interference with other good-quality cells 11, and avoiding the explosion and combustion caused by thermal runaway of multiple cells 11. Risk, the box structure has high structural strength. Therefore, the battery module of the embodiment of the present invention has good sealing performance, can better protect the battery cells, and has high safety.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the heat insulation board 2 includes: a middle partition board 21 and a limiting portion 22 .

Specifically, the middle partition plate 21 is provided with a plurality of through holes (not shown in the figure), the diameter of each through hole is limited to 1-20 mm, and the sum of the areas of the plurality of through holes S1 and the area of the middle partition plate 21 The interval between S satisfies: S1≤0.7S, that is to say, the middle separator 21 is bonded to the adjacent side of the two cells 11. When the cells 11 are thermally out of control, the high temperature and high pressure gas inside the cells 11 can pass through the first cell. The explosion-proof valve 111 and the second explosion-proof valve are discharged from the battery module 100 , but the temperature of the battery cell 11 itself will also increase due to the influence of the explosion-proof valve 111 , and the battery cell 11 will generate heat during the use of the battery module 100 .

In other words, the heat generated by the battery cells 11 will be transferred to the adjacent battery cells 11 through the middle partition plate 21 . When the temperature received by the adjacent good quality battery cells 11 is too high, it will also cause damage to them. The through hole is arranged on the upper part, which reduces the contact area between the middle partition plate 21 and the battery core 11, reduces the heat transfer efficiency between the two, and makes it difficult for the temperature of a single battery core 11 to affect other battery cells 11 through the middle partition plate 21. The safety of the use of the battery cell 11 is improved.

At the same time, the sum of the areas of the through holes does not exceed 70% of the area of the middle separator 21, so that the heat transfer efficiency between the cells 11 and the middle separator 21 is reduced as much as possible, and the middle separator 21 and the battery cells are guaranteed. 11 has sufficient bonding area to ensure the stability of the overall structure.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6 , the limiting portion 22 is provided at at least one end of the left and right ends of the middle partition plate 21 , and the limiting portion 22 is suitable for extending along the length direction perpendicular to the middle partition plate 21 , and the side surface of the battery core 11 is suitable for extending. The left or right end of the battery core 11 is suitable for abutting with the limiting portion 22 in order to fit with the middle partition plate 21 . 22 can better fix the position of the battery cell 11, facilitate the bonding of the battery core 11 and the middle partition plate 21, and reduce the difficulty of assembly.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 8 , an avoidance groove 221 is formed on the limiting portion 22. In the up-down direction, the avoidance groove 221 corresponds to the positive or negative electrode of the battery cell 11, and two adjacent batteries are connected in series or in parallel. The connection row 12 of the core 11 is adapted to fit with the avoidance groove 221 and be hidden in the avoidance groove 221 . Preferably, in some examples, the length of the connection bar 12 is the same as the length of the avoidance groove 221, and the thickness does not exceed the depth of the avoidance groove 221, so that the connection bar 12 can be better fixed in the avoidance groove 221. At this time, The connection row 12 can completely cover the poles of the left and right battery cells 11 , and the connection row 12 cannot block the first explosion-proof valve 111 to ensure the normal operation of the first explosion-proof valve 111 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , FIG. 8 , and FIG. 9 , when a plurality of cells 11 are connected in series as shown in the figure, the polarities on the same side of the adjacent cells 11 are different, and the connection row 12 connects the positive and negative electrodes of the adjacent cells 11 . , Specifically, the connection row 12 is made of a material with good conductivity, the connection row 12 can connect the circuits of the adjacent cells 11, and multiple groups of adjacent cells 11 only have one side connection to ensure the connection of the series circuit, which will not be repeated here. .

Preferably, the connection between the connection row 12 and the electrode column adopts welding, of course, laser, argon arc welding, ultrasonic welding, etc., can also be used for connection methods such as bolts or riveting.

It should be noted that the above is only a description of one embodiment of the present invention, which is convenient for understanding the cooperation relationship between multiple modules in the present invention, and is not a limitation of the present invention.

Further, a positioning groove 222 is formed in the middle of the avoidance groove 221, and a positioning protrusion is formed on the connecting row 12. The positioning groove 222 is suitable for matching with the positioning protrusion, that is, after the connecting row 12 is assembled, the positioning protrusion The cooperation with the positioning groove 222 can better keep the connection row 12 in the avoidance groove 221, which ensures the stability of the connection, the structure is simple, and the assembly is convenient.

Optionally, a glue groove 223 is formed on the limiting portion 22. When the sealing plate 3 is bonded to the position facing the limiting portion 22, the glue groove 223 is suitable for filling with sealant, and the filling height of the sealant is greater than that of the glue. The depth of the groove 223 means that the battery cells 11 are bonded between the middle separators 21 on both sides. After the battery module 100 is assembled, the sealing plate 3 is connected to the middle separator 21. They are all located in independent sub-installation cavities, and a sealing structure is formed between the poles of each cell 11 relative to the poles of adjacent cells 11 . Therefore, when the cells 11 are thermally out of control, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure gas will not affect the adjacent poles of the cells 11 , thereby improving the safety of the battery module 100 in use.

Preferably, the sealant is a flame-retardant sealant. When the battery module 100 is assembled, the backside of the positioning protrusion of the connection row 12 is also bonded to the sealing plate 3 by the sealant.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a fire extinguishing and pressure relief flue 31 is formed in the sealing plate 3 facing the first explosion-proof valve 111 in the longitudinal direction, and a side of the sealing plate 3 facing the cell module 1 is provided with a A pressure relief hole (not shown in the figure), there are multiple first pressure relief holes, and the plurality of first pressure relief holes correspond to the plurality of sub-installation cavities one-to-one, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas or flame released by the battery cell 11 is suitable for The first pressure relief hole enters the fire extinguishing pressure relief flue 31 .

That is to say, after the battery module 100 is assembled, the first explosion-proof valve 111 is located in the sealed space formed by the middle partition plate 21 and the sealing plate 3 . Therefore, when the battery cell 11 is thermally out of control, the first explosion-proof valve 111 discharges high temperature The high-pressure gas or flame can only be discharged through the first pressure relief hole and enter the fire extinguishing pressure relief flue 31. It can be understood that the fire extinguishing pressure relief flue 31 can extinguish the flame, and then discharge the high-temperature and high-pressure gas through the flue. It avoids safety risks such as combustion and explosion caused by high temperature and high pressure gas or flame, and has a simple structure, which is safe and effective.

In some examples, the second explosion-proof valve is installed in the first pressure relief hole to prevent high-temperature and high-pressure gas or flame backflow from damaging other cells 11 .

Further, referring to FIG. 11 , a side of the sealing plate 3 away from the cell module 1 is provided with a second pressure relief hole 311 , and the second pressure relief hole 311 is provided with a plurality of first pressure relief holes and a plurality of second pressure relief holes 311 . The pressure relief holes 311 correspond one by one in the length direction of the battery cell 11 , and at least one end of the lengthwise direction of the fire extinguishing pressure relief flue 31 has a pressure relief opening 312 , and the high temperature and high pressure gas or flame entering the fire extinguishing pressure relief flue 31 passes through. The fire extinguishing pressure relief flue 31 is suitable for being released to the outside from the pressure relief opening 312 and the second pressure relief hole 311 after fire extinguishing.

That is to say, when the battery cell 11 is thermally out of control, a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas will be instantaneously generated inside the battery cell 11, and in severe cases, it will be accompanied by flames. When the duct 31 is opened, only the pressure relief opening 312 is used to discharge the gas, which is inefficient, resulting in the high temperature and high pressure gas staying in the fire extinguishing and pressure relief flue 31 for a long time, thereby increasing the pressure on the outside of the first explosion-proof valve 111, affecting the Discharge of gas in faulty cell 11 . Therefore, the plurality of second pressure relief holes 311 relieve the pressure of the gas discharged from the pressure relief openings 312, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure gas can be discharged from the fire extinguishing pressure relief flue 31 in the shortest time possible, thereby improving the gas discharge efficiency and ensuring the flue The unblocking of 31 enables the first explosion-proof valve 111 to work normally, which further improves the safety of the battery module 100 .

In some optional examples, the first explosion-proof valve 111 is concentric with the first pressure relief hole and the second pressure relief hole 311 , and the first explosion-proof valve 111 is directly smaller than the diameter of the pressure relief hole, which improves the gas discharge efficiency.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the box module further includes: an upper sealing ring and a lower sealing ring, the upper sealing ring covers the top of the heat shield 2 and the top opening of at least a part of the sub-installation cavity, and the upper sealing ring is located at At the lower end of the top sealing plate 3, the upper sealing ring is adapted to cooperate with the top sealing plate 3 to seal the top of the sub-installation cavity; the lower sealing ring covers the bottom of the heat shield 2 and at least a part of the bottom opening of the sub-installation cavity, The lower sealing ring is located at the upper end of the sealing plate 3 at the bottom, and the lower sealing ring is adapted to cooperate with the sealing plate 3 at the bottom to seal the bottom of the sub-installation cavity.

That is to say, by installing the upper sealing ring and the lower sealing ring, after the battery module 100 is assembled, each sub-installation cavity is a sealed structure. Cooperate with the first pressure relief hole, when the battery cell 11 is thermally out of control, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas discharged from the first explosion-proof valve 111 is directionally discharged, and then fires out and releases through the fire extinguishing pressure relief channel, so as to avoid the thermal runaway of the faulty cell 11. It will affect the adjacent good battery cells 11 . At the same time, the sealing ring can effectively prevent external water and gas from entering the interior of the battery module 100 , thereby ensuring the safety of the working environment of the battery module 100 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, the sealing plate 3 at the bottom includes: a cooling plate 32 and an insulating layer, cooling pipes are evenly arranged on the cooling plate 32, the insulating layer includes an insulating film, and the insulating film is arranged on the cooling plate 32 toward the battery cells The side of the module 1; the top sealing plate 3 includes: a heat dissipation plate 33 and an insulating layer, a heat dissipation grille 331 is formed on the side of the heat dissipation plate 33 away from the cell module 1, and a side of the heat dissipation plate 33 facing the cell module 1 is provided with Insulation. The insulating film is used for electrical insulation between the sealing plate 3 and the battery cells 11 , so as to avoid safety risks caused by the leakage of electricity in the battery module 100 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , and FIG. 12 , a heat dissipation grill 331 is formed on the upper surface side of the heat dissipation plate 33 , and the structure of the heat dissipation grill 311 accelerates the speed of heat dissipation. In some examples, the cooling liquid is injected into the cooling pipeline. When the thermal failure of the battery cell 11 occurs, since the upper and lower ends of the battery cell 11 are directly connected to the sealing plates 3 at the top and bottom, the battery cell 11 The heat will be transferred to the top and bottom sealing plates 3. When the temperature is too high, the temperature of the top and bottom sealing plates 3 will also increase, which will affect other cells 11 between them. The pipes and the heat dissipation plate 33 cool the bottom and top sealing plates 3 respectively, so that the temperature of the sealing plates 3 is at a normal level, so as to avoid affecting other good-quality cells 11 and improve the safety of the battery module 100 .

It should be noted that the cooling plate 32 can also be a heating plate, the cooling pipeline can also be a heating pipeline, or both exist at the same time. The behavior will be restricted. Therefore, the battery module 100 is heated through the heating pipeline, so that the battery module 100 can be better at the normal working temperature, and the adaptability of the battery module 100 to various environments is improved.

Further, the insulating film can also be an insulating heating film. When the battery module 100 needs to be heated, the insulating heating film can be heated simultaneously with the heating pipeline to improve the heating efficiency.

Preferably, the cooling pipeline or the heating pipeline is provided with a liquid interface to facilitate the injection and discharge of the liquid in the pipeline.

Therefore, the problem of abnormal temperature at the top and bottom can be better handled by the heat dissipation plate 33 and the cooling plate 32. In some examples, the sealing plates 3 around the box module are respectively the front sealing plate, the rear sealing plate, the left frame and the The right frame, the front sealing plate, the rear sealing plate, the left frame and the right frame and the cell module 1 are all bonded with a heat insulation plate 2 .

Specifically, by disposing the heat shield 2 between the surrounding sealing plates 3 and the cells 11 , when a single cell 11 is thermally out of control, the heat shield 2 can better prevent the heat from being transmitted to the surrounding sealing plates 3 , so that The temperature of the box module is maintained at a normal level to avoid affecting other quality batteries or electrical equipment.

In a specific example, the front end sealing plate, the rear end sealing plate, the left frame and the right frame can all be hollowed out.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the battery module 100 further includes a detection module 4, and the detection module 4 includes a plurality of collection sheets 41, each collection sheet 41 is formed with a plurality of detection contacts 411, and each detection contact 411 It is suitable for being connected to at least one of the positive and negative electrodes of each battery cell 11. The detection module 4 can enable the electrical equipment to better understand the working state of the battery module 100, and the detection module 4 can detect not only electric energy information.

Optionally, the collection sheet 41 may be made of materials such as copper, aluminum, nickel, etc. Preferably, the plurality of collection sheets 41 are nickel sheets with a nickel content greater than 99%, and the plurality of collection sheets 41 are welded on the pole by laser. It can also be connected by argon arc welding, ultrasonic welding, etc., which is not limited here. Since the collecting sheet 41 is connected to the pole of the battery cell 11 , the structural layout of the detection module 4 is installed on the premise that the first explosion-proof valve 111 is not blocked, so as to avoid the first explosion-proof valve 111 being blocked by the detection module 4 when the pressure of the battery cell 11 is released. , thereby affecting the timeliness and effectiveness of the pressure relief of the cells 11 .

In a specific example, both the high-voltage interface of the circuit of the cell module 1 and the low-voltage interface of the detection module 4 can be installed on at least one of the front sealing plate 3, the rear sealing plate 3, the left frame and the right frame. limit.

It should be noted that, at present, electric vehicles are grouped with multiple small modules, each of which is 3 series/4 series/6 series, and the largest does not exceed 50 series, but electric vehicles often require more than 80 series. , the optimal is often 96 series to 108 series, and the maximum efficiency of the motor can often be exerted at this time. A set of electric vehicle battery system needs to be assembled into the battery box according to the series-parallel requirements of the whole vehicle. Many small modules and other components are assembled into the battery box. It is troublesome to assemble many battery system components. And the explosion-proof pressure relief parts are added to the battery box to ensure that the battery system can be oriented and released safely when the pressure is released, but there is a battery discharge, when the high-temperature gas reaches the explosion-proof valve, it will interfere with other batteries, causing other cells 11 to catch fire Thermal runaway occurs.

In order to solve the above problems, the battery module 100 of the present application may include all batteries and connection accessories required for a complete vehicle, a thermal management system (ie, the cooling plate 32 in the present application), and an explosion-proof pressure relief system (that is, the present application. The explosion-proof valve and pressure relief device); the battery pack has few assembly parts and high integration, which reduces the cost of the battery system. There are thermal insulation measures for a single cell 11 and an explosion-proof valve pressure relief structure to improve the safety of the battery pack. At the same time, this battery pack adopts a sealed and high-strength frame structure design, and the frame and sealing design replaces the box and cover structure of the original battery system. Control the battery pack; it can also be combined with a separate control system, on the installed vehicle, the trial and assembly methods are flexible, and it can be assembled to the vehicle with the lowest cost and high efficiency.

The specific structure and specific working process of the battery module 100 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 12 .

The battery module 100 includes: a battery cell module 1 , a heat insulation module, a box body module and a detection module 4 .

Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 9 , the cell module 1 is composed of a plurality of cells 11 connected in series. The positive and negative electrodes of the cells 11 are respectively at both ends in the length direction, and the poles of the adjacent cells 11 are connected to conduct electricity through the connection row 12 . , the first explosion-proof valve 111 is located at one end of the positive pole of the battery cell 11 .

The thermal insulation module includes a plurality of thermal insulation boards 2, a thermal insulation board 2 is bonded between two adjacent battery cells 11, and the thermal insulation board 2 and the wires are bonded by structural glue. The heights of the cells 11 are the same. Referring to FIG. 6 , the heat shield 2 includes a middle partition 21 and a limiting portion 22 . The middle partition plate 21 is provided with a plurality of through holes, the diameter of each through hole is limited to 1-20mm, and the sum of the areas S1 of the plurality of through holes and the area S of the middle partition plate 21 satisfy: S1≤0.7S ;

Further, the left and right ends of the heat insulating plate 2 are provided with limit parts 22, the limit parts 22 are in contact with the raindrops after the battery core 11 is installed, and the limit part 22 is provided with an avoidance groove 221, the position of the avoidance groove 221 is the same as the The positive pole or negative pole of the adjacent cell 11 corresponds to the position, a positioning groove 222 is formed on the avoidance groove 221, and a positioning protrusion is provided on the connection row 12. After the positioning protrusion is inserted into the positioning groove 222, the connection row 12 is fixed in the position. In the avoidance groove 221 , the height of the connection row 12 does not exceed the height of the avoidance groove 221 .

A glue groove 223 is formed on the limiting portion 22 . The glue groove 223 and the connection row 12 are filled with sealant, and the filling height of the sealant is not lower than the depth of the glue groove 223 .

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the box module includes six sealing plates 3 , which are a front sealing plate, a rear sealing plate, a left frame, a right frame, a top sealing plate and a bottom sealing plate.

The front sealing plate, the rear sealing plate, the left frame and the right frame are provided with heat insulation plates 2 on the side where the battery core 11 is connected. Six sealing plates 3 cooperate with a plurality of heat insulation plates 2 to form a plurality of sealed sub-mounts There is a second explosion-proof valve corresponding to the first explosion-proof valve 111 on the sealing plate 3 facing the first explosion-proof valve, and the sub-installation cavity with the battery cell 11 and the corresponding second explosion-proof valve are suitable for sealing by sealant , and between the first explosion-proof valve 111 and the second explosion-proof valve, an insulating layer is provided on the sealing plate 3 .

A fire extinguishing pressure relief flue 31 is formed on the front sealing plate and the rear sealing plate, a first pressure relief hole is provided on the side close to the battery core 11, and a side away from the battery core 11 is provided with a one-to-one corresponding to the first pressure relief hole. The second pressure relief hole 311 , the first pressure relief hole and the second pressure relief hole 311 are concentric with the first explosion-proof valve 111 and have a diameter larger than that of the first explosion-proof valve 111 . The high temperature and high pressure gas released by the battery cell 11 enters the fire extinguishing pressure relief flue 31 through the first pressure relief hole, and pressure relief openings 312 are formed at both ends of the fire extinguishing pressure relief flue 31, and the gas entering the flue passes through the second pressure relief hole 311 and The pressure relief opening 312 is released to the outside.

Referring to FIG. 1, the bottom sealing plate 3 includes: a cooling plate 32 and an insulating layer, the cooling pipes are evenly arranged on the cooling plate 32, the insulating layer includes an insulating film, and the insulating film is arranged on the side of the cooling plate 32 facing the cell module 1; the top The sealing plate 3 includes a heat dissipation plate 33 and an insulating layer. A heat dissipation grid 331 is formed on the side of the heat dissipation plate 33 away from the cell module 1 , and an insulating layer is provided on the side of the heat dissipation plate 33 facing the cell module 1 .

The box body module also includes: an upper sealing ring and a lower sealing ring, the upper sealing ring covers the top of the heat shield 2 and the top opening of the sub-installation cavity, the upper sealing ring is located at the lower end of the top sealing plate 3, and the lower sealing ring covers the insulation. At the bottom of the hot plate 2 and the bottom opening of the sub-installation cavity, the lower sealing ring is located at the upper end of the bottom sealing plate 3 .

Referring to FIG. 2 , the detection module 4 includes a plurality of collection pieces 41 , each collection piece 41 is formed with a plurality of detection contacts 411 , and the detection contacts 411 are connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell 11 .

The specific working process of the battery module 100 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention is described below according to FIGS. 1-12 .

When a cell 11 in the battery module 100 is thermally out of control, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas or flame instantaneously generated inside the cell 11 will break through the first explosion-proof valve 111 and be discharged to the fire extinguishing and pressure relief flue through the first pressure relief hole 31. After the fire extinguishing and pressure relief flue 31 is subjected to fire extinguishing treatment, the gas is discharged through the second pressure relief hole 311 and the pressure relief port. During this process, since the individual cells 11 are all located in the sealed sub-installation cavity, the adjacent good-quality cells 11 will not be damaged, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery module 100 .

Other structures and operations of the battery module 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention are known to those of ordinary skill in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "some embodiments," "optionally," "further," or "some examples," etc., means specific features, structures, materials, or Features are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A battery module is characterized by comprising

The battery cell module comprises a plurality of battery cells, the battery cells are suitable for being stacked and then connected in series or in parallel, and a first explosion-proof valve of each battery cell is positioned at least one end of each battery cell in the length direction;

the separator module comprises a plurality of heat insulation plates, and one heat insulation plate is suitable for being bonded between every two adjacent battery cores;

the box module, the box module includes six closing plates, six the closing plate is suitable for the bonding respectively six sides of electricity core module, six after the bonding the closing plate be suitable for with a plurality of the heat insulating board cooperation to constitute a plurality of sealed sub-installation chambeies, just right first explosion-proof valve be formed with on the closing plate a plurality of with the second explosion-proof valve that first explosion-proof valve corresponds installs electricity core sub-installation chamber with correspond the second explosion-proof valve is suitable for through sealed glue sealed, just is in first explosion-proof valve with between the second explosion-proof valve, be equipped with the insulating layer on the closing plate.

2. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating plate comprises:

the middle partition plate is provided with a plurality of through holes, the diameter of each through hole is limited to 1-20mm, and the sum S1 of the areas of the through holes and the area S of the middle partition plate satisfy the following conditions: s1 is less than or equal to 0.7S;

the battery cell comprises a limiting part, wherein the limiting part is arranged at least one end of the left end and the right end of the middle partition board, the limiting part is suitable for extending along the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the middle partition board, the side face of the battery cell is suitable for being attached to the middle partition board, and the left end or the right end of the battery cell is suitable for being abutted to the limiting part.

3. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein an avoiding groove is formed in the limiting portion, and in the up-down direction, the avoiding groove corresponds to the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the battery cell, and the two adjacent connection rows of the battery cells connected in series or in parallel are adapted to be matched with the avoiding groove and hidden in the avoiding groove.

4. The battery module according to claim 3, wherein a positioning groove is formed in the middle of the avoiding groove, and a positioning protrusion is formed on the connecting row, and the positioning groove is adapted to be matched with the positioning protrusion.

5. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein the position-limiting portion has a glue groove formed thereon, and when the sealing plate is bonded to the position opposite to the position-limiting portion, the glue groove is adapted to be filled with a sealant, and a filling height of the sealant is greater than a groove depth of the glue groove.

6. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein a fire extinguishing pressure relief flue extending in the length direction is formed in the sealing plate opposite to the explosion-proof valve, a first pressure relief hole is formed in one side of the sealing plate facing the cell module, a plurality of first pressure relief holes are formed in the sealing plate, the plurality of first pressure relief holes correspond to the plurality of sub-mounting cavities one by one, and high-temperature and high-pressure gas or flame released by the cell is suitable for entering the fire extinguishing pressure relief flue from the first pressure relief hole.

7. The battery module according to claim 6, wherein a second pressure relief hole is formed in one side, away from the cell module, of the sealing plate, a plurality of second pressure relief holes are formed, the first pressure relief holes and the second pressure relief holes are aligned to each other in the length direction of the cell, a pressure relief opening is formed in at least one end, in the length direction, of the fire extinguishing pressure relief flue, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas or flame entering the fire extinguishing pressure relief flue is suitable for being released to the outside from the pressure relief opening and the second pressure relief holes after the fire extinguishing treatment of the fire extinguishing pressure relief flue.

8. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the case module further comprises:

the upper sealing ring covers the top of the heat insulation plate and at least one part of the opening at the top of the sub-installation cavity, is positioned at the lower end of the sealing plate at the top, and is suitable for being matched with the sealing plate at the top to seal the top of the sub-installation cavity;

the lower sealing ring covers the bottom of the heat insulation plate and at least one part of the opening at the bottom of the sub-installation cavity, is positioned at the upper end of the sealing plate at the bottom, and is suitable for being matched with the sealing plate at the bottom to seal the bottom of the sub-installation cavity.

9. The battery module according to claim 1,

the sealing plate of the bottom part includes: the battery cell module comprises a cooling plate and an insulating layer, wherein cooling pipelines are uniformly distributed on the cooling plate, the insulating layer comprises an insulating film, and the insulating film is arranged on the side surface of the cooling plate facing the battery cell module;

the sealing plate of the top portion includes: the battery cell module comprises a heat dissipation plate and an insulating layer, wherein a heat dissipation grid is formed on one side, away from the battery cell module, of the heat dissipation plate, and the insulating layer is arranged on one side, facing the battery cell module, of the heat dissipation plate.

10. The battery module according to claim 1, further comprising:

the detection module comprises a plurality of acquisition pieces, a plurality of detection contacts are formed on each acquisition piece, and each detection contact is suitable for being connected with at least one of the positive pole and the negative pole of each battery cell.

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