CN111579386A - Detection apparatus for material creep performance under liquid metal environment and sample anchor clamps - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for detecting the creep property of a material in a liquid metal environment and a sample clamp, wherein the device comprises a shell, a first clamping body and a second clamping body which are coaxial and can slide relatively, wherein the first clamping body and the second clamping body are arranged in the shell; a second T-shaped groove is formed in the second clamping body; the second T-shaped groove and the first T-shaped groove are oppositely arranged and used for hanging an I-shaped sample; and threaded through holes are formed in the two sides of the shell and opposite to the first T-shaped groove, and the fixing bolts extend into the shell through the threaded through holes. According to the invention, the first clamping body and the second clamping body can always keep relative movement along the axis of the sample through the constraint of the shell, so that the sample always keeps axial stress. And first clamping body and second clamping body need not to press from both sides tightly the sample to avoid first clamping body and second clamping body to need open the action of closing at the tight in-process of clamp, and under the restraint of casing, the inconvenient problem of operation.

Description

A detection device and sample holder for material creep properties in liquid metal environment

technical field

The invention relates to the field of material mechanical properties experiment, in particular to a detection device and a sample holder for material creep properties in a liquid metal environment.

Background technique

When studying the creep properties of materials, a tensile testing machine is usually used to stretch the sample, and the creep data of the material is obtained by measuring the tensile force and displacement of the sample. In the prior art, the jig used for the tensile test of the sample is generally to clamp the sample through the upper jig and the lower jig, and then stretch it. The sample tensile fixture and the invention patent application with the application number of 201710526874.4 discloses a fixture for a tensile testing machine, which clamps the sample through two upper and lower clamping parts, so as to ensure that the tensile force of the tensile testing machine can be transmitted to the sample to stretch the sample. However, after the sample is clamped by the above-mentioned clamps, even if the upper and lower clamps are kept in a straight line before stretching, during the stretching process, due to the influence of the accuracy of the tensile testing machine itself, the stretching direction will also be different. There will be a slight deviation, which will make the force of the sample not exactly along the axis of the sample, thus affecting the accuracy of the study of the mechanical properties of the material.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a detection device and a sample holder for the creep properties of materials in a liquid metal environment, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, so that in the experiment process, the tensile force on the sample is always maintained along the direction of the sample. Axial direction, so as to ensure the accuracy of material performance test, simple structure and convenient clamping.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: the present invention provides a sample holder for tensile experiments, comprising a casing, a coaxial and relatively slidable first clamping body disposed in the casing, and The second clamping body, the first clamping body is provided with a first T-shaped groove; the second clamping body is provided with a second T-shaped groove; the second T-shaped groove and the first The T-shaped grooves are arranged opposite to each other for hanging "I"-shaped samples; threaded through holes are provided on both sides of the housing opposite to the first T-shaped grooves, and the fixing bolts extend into the threaded through holes through the threaded through holes. inside the housing.

Preferably, the first clamping body is fixedly connected to the casing, a guide block is provided on the second clamping body, a guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the casing along the axial direction, and the guide block is arranged along the The guide groove slides.

Preferably, a sample installation port is opened on the outer wall of the casing.

Preferably, a scale line is provided at the center position of the second holder along the sample loading direction, and the scale line is provided on the outer surface of the second holder for aligning with the center position marked on the sample.

Preferably, the first clamping body is provided with a first outer portion extending out of the housing, the second clamping body is provided with a second outer portion extending out of the housing, and the first outer portion is provided on the second clamping body. Both an outer portion and the second outer portion are provided with threads.

The present invention also provides a device for detecting creep properties of materials in a liquid metal environment, including a tensile testing machine, an experimental tank, a main force transmission rod, a sample fixture for tensile testing, a stress sensor and a displacement sensor; wherein,

The tensile testing machine includes a base, two screw rods arranged on the base, and a testing machine beam connected with the two screw rods;

The experimental tank is installed on the base;

The main force transmission rod is installed on the beam of the testing machine, and partially extends into the experimental tank;

One end of the sample holder is fixed on the end of the main force transmission rod, and the other end is fixed on the experimental tank;

The stress sensor is used for monitoring the stress on the sample, and the displacement sensor is used for monitoring the deformation amount of the sample.

Preferably, the stress sensor is arranged between the main force transmission rod and the beam of the testing machine, and a water cooling box is wrapped on the outer wall of the main force transmission rod, and the water cooling box is located outside the experimental tank.

Preferably, the water cooling box is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and the water cooling box is connected to the cooling water circulation device through the water inlet and the water outlet.

Preferably, it also includes a melting tank, a heating device is arranged in the melting tank, the melting tank is communicated with the experimental tank through a liquid metal transmission pipeline, and a valve is provided on the liquid metal transmission pipeline.

Preferably, a heating device is also provided in the experimental tank and on the liquid metal transmission pipeline, and thermocouples are set in the experimental tank, the melting tank and the liquid metal transmission pipeline for measuring the liquid metal temperature;

The experimental tank is provided with a first intake valve, a first exhaust valve and a first air pump connected to the first exhaust valve; the melting tank is provided with a second intake valve, a second row an air valve and a second air pump connected to the second air exhaust valve.

The present invention has achieved the following technical effects with respect to the prior art:

1. By arranging the first clamping body and the second clamping body in a housing coaxially and slidably relative to each other, the first clamping body and the second clamping body can be pulled together and displaced relative to each other. The relative movement is always maintained along the axis of the sample, so that the sample always maintains the force in the axial direction. At the same time, by respectively setting T-shaped grooves on the first and second holding bodies, the sample can be directly hung on the first and second holding bodies, and then fixed on both sides of the housing. The sample is clamped by the bolt; through the above structure, the first clamping body and the second clamping body do not need to clamp the sample, thereby avoiding the need for the first clamping body and the second clamping body to be clamped during the clamping process. The action of opening and closing is inconvenient to operate under the constraints of the casing.

2. In the device for detecting the creep performance of materials in a liquid metal environment disclosed in the present invention, a water cooling box is also arranged on the main force transmission rod, so as to dissipate heat from the main force transmission rod and prevent the heat on the main force transmission rod from being further transmitted to the stress sensor. , resulting in inaccurate or damaged stress sensor measurement data.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sample fixture;

Figure 2 is a front view of the sample holder;

Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of the sample holder in Fig. 2;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection device for material creep performance in a liquid metal environment;

5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a device for detecting creep properties of materials in a liquid metal environment;

Wherein, 1 is the housing, 2 is the first clamping body, 3 is the second clamping body, 4 is the first T-slot, 5 is the second T-slot, 6 is a threaded through hole, and 7 is a guide block, 8 is the guide groove, 9 is the sample installation port, 10 is the first external part, 11 is the second external part, 12 is the sample, 20 is the tensile testing machine, 21 is the base, 22 is the screw rod, and 23 is the beam of the testing machine. 24 is the experimental tank, 25 is the main force transmission rod, 26 is the stress sensor, 27 is the water cooling box, 28 is the water inlet, 29 is the water outlet, 30 is the melting tank, 31 is the first intake valve, 32 is the first exhaust Valve, 33 is the second inlet valve, 34 is the second exhaust valve, 35 is the liquid metal transmission pipe, 36 is the thermocouple, 37 is the sample holder fixing part, and 38 is the bellows.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a detection device and a sample holder for the creep properties of materials in a liquid metal environment, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art, so that in the experiment process, the tensile force on the sample is always maintained along the direction of the sample. Axial direction, so as to ensure the accuracy of material performance test, simple structure and convenient clamping.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 5.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1-FIG. 3, the present embodiment provides a sample holder for tensile experiments, comprising a housing 1, a coaxial and relatively slidable first holding body 2 disposed in the housing 1, and The second clamping body 3, the first clamping body 2 is provided with a first T-slot 4; the second clamping body 3 is provided with a second T-slot 5; the second T-slot 5 and the first T-slot The groove 4 is oppositely arranged for hanging the "I"-shaped sample 12; threaded through holes 6 are provided on both sides of the casing 1 opposite to the first T-shaped groove 4, and the fixing bolts extend into the casing through the threaded through holes 6 1 inside. After the two ends of the sample 12 are hung on the first T-slot 4 and the second T-slot 5, since the first T-slot 4 and the second T-slot 5 themselves do not have clamping force, the On both sides of the housing 1, threaded through holes 6 are provided at the positions opposite to the first T-shaped groove 4, so that the fixing bolts can be screwed into the interior of the housing 1 through the threaded through holes 6 until they contact the sample 12 and the sample 12 is removed from both sides. Clamping takes place so that the fixation of the sample 12 is achieved. By arranging a housing 1 that can restrict the coaxiality of the first clamping body 2 and the second clamping body 3 and keep the relative sliding, the sample 12 can always keep the force along the axis when it is under tension, so as to ensure the accuracy of the experimental data . The sample 12 is hung through the first T-slot 4 and the second T-slot 5, and then the sample 12 is clamped and fixed by the fixing bolts connected to the housing 1 to ensure that the sample 12 will not move during the sampling process. Position and other phenomena, the device is simple, the clamping is convenient.

Further, the first clamping body 2 is fixedly connected to the casing 1 , preferably by means of bolts, and the second clamping body 3 can slide in the casing 1 . The second clamping body 3 is provided with a guide block 7 , the inner wall of the casing 1 is provided with a guide groove 8 along the axial direction, and the guide block 7 slides up and down along the guide groove 8 inside the casing 1 to avoid the first clamping body and the second The clamping body is relatively twisted during the tension process.

Further, as a preferred embodiment, the outer wall of the casing 1 is also provided with a sample installation port 9, and by opening the sample installation port 9 at the position corresponding to the sample 12 on the casing 1, the sample 12 can be more conveniently carried out. It is also more convenient to see the clamping state of the sample 12 in the housing. Of course, the shell 1 can also be in a detachable form. When installing the sample 12, the part of the shell 1 opposite to the sample 12 can be removed, and after the sample 12 is installed, it can be reassembled into a complete shell The body 1, and any other shell structures that can realize the installation of the sample 12 are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Further, a scale line is provided on the second holding body 3 at the center position along the loading direction of the sample 12, and the scale line is arranged on the surface of the second holding body 3 and the first holding body 2 opposite to the The center positions of the marks on the sample 12 are aligned so that the sample 12 can be accurately clamped in the center of the sample holder.

Further, the first clamping body 2 is provided with a first outer portion 10 extending out of the housing 1 , the second clamping body 3 is provided with a second outer portion 11 extending out of the housing 1 , and the first outer portion 10 Threads are provided on both the second external part 11 and the second external part 11, and are connected with external equipment such as a tensile testing machine through the threads.

Embodiment 2

As shown in FIGS. 4-5 , this embodiment provides a device for detecting creep properties of materials in a liquid metal environment, including the sample holder, tensile testing machine 20, experimental tank 24, main force transmission rod 25, The stress sensor 26 and the displacement sensor; the tensile testing machine 20 includes a base 21, two screw rods 22 arranged on the base 21, and a testing machine beam 23 connected with the two screw rods; the experimental tank 24 is installed on the base 21; the main force transmission rod 25 is installed on the beam 23 of the testing machine, and partially extends into the experimental tank 24. The main force transmission rod 25 and the test tank 24 can be sealed by the bellows 38; the sample holder passes through the first external part 10 or the second external part. 11 is fixed on the end of the main force transmission rod 25, and the other end is fixed on the experimental tank 24. Preferably, in this embodiment, a sample holder fixing member 37 is installed inside the experimental tank 24, the upper end of the sample holder fixing member 37 is fixed on the upper end cover of the experimental tank 24, and the sample holder fixing member 37 is a hollow conical piece, The sample holder is located inside the sample holder fixing member 37 , and the inner bottom end of the sample holder fixing member 37 has a threaded structure and is connected to the first outer portion 10 or the second outer portion 11 of the sample holder. Of course, the other end of the sample holder can also be fixedly connected to the top of the experimental tank 24 through other connecting pieces. The stress sensor 26 is used to detect the stress on the sample, and the displacement sensor is used to monitor the deformation amount of the sample.

Further, the stress sensor 26 is arranged between the main force transmission rod 25 and the beam 23 of the testing machine. The outer wall of the main force transmission rod 25 is wrapped with a water cooling box 27 , and the water cooling box 27 is located outside the experimental tank 24 . During the experiment, since the experimental tank 24 is in a liquid metal environment, the temperature is very high, and the material of the main force transmission rod 25 is generally stainless steel with high strength and good thermal conductivity. By setting the water cooling box 27, the main force transmission rod 25 can be A large amount of heat is taken away, so as to achieve the purpose of cooling the main force transmission rod 25, thereby preventing the main force transmission rod 25 from transferring heat to the stress sensor 26, so that the work of the stress sensor 26 is affected by high temperature, the measurement accuracy is reduced, or directly Problems that lead to damage to the stress sensor.

Further, the water cooling box 27 is provided with a water inlet 28 and a water outlet 29, and the water inlet 28 and the water outlet 29 are respectively connected to the cooling water circulation device, and the cooling water circulation device makes the continuous circulation of the water around the main power transmission rod, thereby faster and more efficient. Take away more heat to achieve rapid cooling of the main force transmission rod 25 .

Preferably, the displacement sensor is arranged on the lead screw 22, and a differential transformer type displacement sensor is used.

Further, it also includes a melting tank 30 , a heating device is arranged in the melting tank 30 , the melting tank 30 is communicated with the experimental tank 24 through a liquid metal transmission pipeline 35 , and a valve is provided on the liquid metal transmission pipeline 35 .

Further, a heating device is also provided in the experimental tank 24 and on the liquid metal transmission pipeline 35, and a thermocouple 36 is provided in the experimental tank 24, the melting tank 30 and the liquid metal transmission pipeline 35 for measuring the temperature of the liquid metal; The tank 24 is provided with a first intake valve 31, a first exhaust valve 32 and a first air pump connected to the first exhaust valve 32; the melting tank 30 is provided with a second intake valve 33, a second exhaust valve valve 34 and a second air pump connected to the second exhaust valve 34 .

The flow control process of the liquid metal between the experimental tank 24 and the melting tank 30 is as follows: first, the metal is melted in the melting tank 30. Before the experiment starts, the liquid metal needs to be introduced into the experimental tank 24. The specific operation is to close the melting tank 24. The second exhaust valve of the tank and the second intake valve are opened, the valve on the liquid metal transmission pipeline 35 is opened, the first exhaust valve of the experimental tank is opened and the first intake valve is closed, and the experimental tank is pumped through the first air pump. The air inside is drawn away and a negative pressure is formed. Under the action of the negative pressure, the liquid metal enters the experimental tank 24 from the melting tank 30 . When the experiment is completed, close the second intake valve of the melting tank 30 and open the second exhaust valve, open the valve on the liquid metal transmission pipeline 35, close the first exhaust valve of the experimental tank 24 and open the first intake valve , the air in the melting tank is evacuated by the second air pump to form a negative pressure. Under the action of the negative pressure, the liquid metal in the experimental tank 24 flows to the melting tank 30 .

Embodiment 3

The detection device in the second embodiment is used to carry out the experiment, and the experimental process is as follows:

1. Experiment preparation

Before the experiment starts, the lead-bismuth alloy melt is prepared. First, check whether there is lead-bismuth alloy to be used in the melting tank 30, and whether the storage is sufficient. If it is insufficient, lead-bismuth alloy should be added. After the lead-bismuth alloy is added, the melting tank 30 is closed, the heating device in the melting tank 30 is turned on, and the target temperature of the melting tank 30 is set to be 50° C. above the melting point of the lead-bismuth alloy.

When preparing the lead-bismuth alloy melt, the experimental tank 24 can be opened, the sample holder can be taken out, and the sample on the sample holder can be replaced. After that, remove the sample holder and replace the sample. After the sample is replaced, the sample holder should be re-installed in the test tank 24, and the test tank 24 should be closed. At this time, the lead-bismuth alloy in the melting tank 30 has been melted, and the lead-bismuth alloy melt in the melting tank 30 can be flowed into the experimental tank 24 according to the flow control process of the liquid metal in the second embodiment. This stage also includes the startup of each heating device, ensuring that the circuit is unobstructed, the startup of the cooling water circulation device, and the preheating of the experimental tank 24. After the preheating is completed, the experiment can be ready to start.

2. The experiment is carried out

After the preparation for the experiment is completed, the tensile experiment on the sample can be started. First set the action of the tensile testing machine, such as constant stress stretching or constant rate stretching. During the experiment, record the tensile force value of the sample measured by the stress sensor and the deformation value of the sample measured by the displacement sensor.

3. The end of the experiment

After the end of this experiment, the tensile testing machine should be turned off first, and the lead-bismuth alloy melt should be introduced into the melting tank 30 for use in the next experiment, and then each heating device should be turned off to bring the experimental equipment to room temperature, and finally the cooling should be turned off. water circulatory system. It should be noted here: First, the cooling water circulation system cannot be closed before the experimental tank 24 is lowered to room temperature, otherwise the stress sensor 26 may be damaged; Severe oxidation occurs inside the tank 24.

Adaptive changes made according to actual needs are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the present invention, specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present invention, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; There will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope of the idea of the invention. In conclusion, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A sample anchor clamps for tensile experiment which characterized in that: the clamping device comprises a shell, a first clamping body and a second clamping body, wherein the first clamping body and the second clamping body are coaxially and relatively slidably arranged in the shell, and a first T-shaped groove is formed in the first clamping body; a second T-shaped groove is formed in the second clamping body; the second T-shaped groove and the first T-shaped groove are oppositely arranged and used for hanging an I-shaped sample; and thread through holes are formed in the two sides of the shell and opposite to the first T-shaped groove, and fixing bolts extend into the shell through the thread through holes.

2. A sample holder for tensile testing according to claim 1, wherein: the first clamping body is fixedly connected with the shell, the second clamping body is provided with a guide block, the inner wall of the shell is provided with a guide groove along the axial direction, and the guide block slides along the guide groove.

3. A sample holder for tensile testing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: and a sample mounting opening is formed in the outer wall of the shell.

4. A sample holder for tensile testing according to claim 3, wherein: the second clamping body is provided with scale marks along the center position of the sample loading direction, and the scale marks are arranged on the outer surface of the second clamping body and are used for aligning with the center position of the mark on the sample.

5. A sample holder for tensile testing according to claim 1, wherein: the first clamping body is provided with a first external connection part extending out of the shell, the second clamping body is provided with a second external connection part extending out of the shell, and the first external connection part and the second external connection part are both provided with threads.

6. The utility model provides a detection apparatus for material creep performance under liquid metal environment which characterized in that: the device comprises a tensile testing machine, an experiment tank, a force transmission main rod, a sample clamp for a tensile experiment according to any one of claims 1-5, a stress sensor and a displacement sensor; wherein,

the tensile testing machine comprises a base, two screw rods arranged on the base and a testing machine cross beam connected with the two screw rods;

the experiment tank is arranged on the base;

the force transmission main rod is arranged on the testing machine cross beam, and part of the force transmission main rod extends into the experiment tank;

one end of the sample clamp is fixed at the end part of the force transmission main rod, and the other end of the sample clamp is fixed on the experimental tank;

the stress sensor is used for monitoring the stress borne by the sample, and the displacement sensor is used for monitoring the deformation quantity of the sample.

7. The apparatus for detecting creep property of material in liquid metal environment according to claim 6, wherein: stress sensor sets up pass the power mobile jib with between the testing machine crossbeam, it has the water-cooling tank to wrap up on the power mobile jib outer wall, the water-cooling tank is located the experiment jar is outside.

8. The apparatus for detecting creep property of material in liquid metal environment according to claim 7, wherein: the water cooling tank is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and the water cooling tank is connected with the cooling water circulating device through the water inlet and the water outlet.

9. The apparatus for detecting creep property of material in liquid metal environment according to claim 6, wherein: the experimental tank is characterized by further comprising a melting tank, a heating device is arranged in the melting tank, the melting tank is communicated with the experimental tank through a liquid metal conveying pipeline, and a valve is arranged on the liquid metal conveying pipeline.

10. The apparatus for detecting creep property of material in liquid metal environment according to claim 9, wherein: heating devices are also arranged in the experimental tank and on the liquid metal conveying pipeline, and thermocouples are arranged in the experimental tank, the melting tank and the liquid metal conveying pipeline and are used for measuring the temperature of the liquid metal;

the experimental tank is provided with a first air inlet valve, a first exhaust valve and a first air pump connected with the first exhaust valve; and a second air inlet valve, a second exhaust valve and a second air pump connected with the second exhaust valve are arranged on the melting tank.

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