CN111495298A - A plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace, comprising a crucible, a dust collecting hood, a magnetic coil, a first electrode, a second graphite electrode, a DC voltage output device and an air extraction device; the dust collecting hood is arranged on the On the opening side of the crucible, the dust collecting hood is communicated with the pipeline of the air extraction device, and there is a gap between the dust collecting hood and the opening of the crucible. The first electrode and the second graphite electrode are arranged on the concave side of the dust collecting hood and are surrounded by the crucible. In the space, the first electrode and the second graphite electrode are electrically connected with the DC voltage output device, the magnetic coil surrounds the outside of the crucible, and the circuit composed of the first electrode and the second graphite electrode is connected in series or in parallel with the magnetic coil; The furnace is equipped with a magnetic coil outside the crucible, and the rotating magnetic field generated makes the plasma arc more stable and the energy is more concentrated, effectively avoiding the influence of the oxide layer and oxide slag on the product quality, and improving the uniformity of the particle size of the nano-scale oxide powder.

Description

A plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy, in particular to a plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace.

Background technique

Nanotechnology is a major pillar of the current social and economic development. The development of nano-products has higher requirements on production equipment. At present, the existing gasification pulverizing furnace will produce oxide layers and oxide slag in the furnace body during the metal melting process. Layers and oxide slag will float on the surface of the molten metal, which will reduce the capacity of the gasification pulverizing furnace, and will reduce the quality of the product, resulting in a decrease in the uniformity of product particle size.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace, the pulverizing furnace includes a crucible, a dust collecting hood, a magnetic coil, a first electrode, a second graphite electrode, DC voltage output device and ventilation device;

The dust collecting hood is communicated with the pipeline of the air extraction device, the shape of the dust collecting hood is a concave cover shape, the dust collecting hood is arranged on the opening side of the crucible, and the dust collecting hood is connected to the There is a space between the openings of the crucible, the concave side of the dust collecting cover faces the opening of the crucible, the first electrode and the second graphite electrode are separated by a certain distance, and the first electrode and the second graphite electrode are The first electrode and the second graphite electrode are electrically connected to the DC voltage output device, and the magnetic coil surrounds the outside of the crucible. , the magnetic coil is connected in series in the circuit composed of the first electrode and the second graphite electrode, or the magnetic coil is connected in parallel with the circuit composed of the first electrode and the second graphite electrode.

The above-mentioned plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace utilizes the first electrode and the second graphite electrode to contact the metal raw material to form a closed circuit, and generates a DC through the voltage output from the DC voltage output device on the first electrode and the second graphite electrode The plasma arc generates high temperature heat of about 3000°C to melt and vaporize the metal raw materials placed in the crucible. The metal raw material is continuously oxidized and cooled to form nano-scale oxidized powder. The above-mentioned plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace is provided with a magnetic coil, which is wound along the crucible and is connected in series or in parallel to the circuit composed of the first electrode and the second graphite electrode. In the process, a rotating magnetic field is generated, and under the action of the magnetic force of the rotating magnetic field, the solution in the crucible molten pool is driven to run in a certain direction, which can effectively eliminate the formation of the oxide layer on the surface of the molten pool, so that the low-pressure plasma arc can generate plasma arc energy under the action of the rotating magnetic field. It is more concentrated and stable, so that the product quality is more stable, the uniformity of the particle size of the nano-scale oxide powder is improved, the equipment is more energy-saving, and the production capacity is effectively improved, and the metal solution can also discharge the oxide slag while rotating with the magnetic force. Rotate to the edge of the melt crucible, which is beneficial to remove oxide slag and increase production capacity.

More preferably, the magnetic coil is connected in series in a circuit formed by the first electrode and the second graphite electrode.

The above-mentioned plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace connects the magnetic coil in series in the circuit composed of the first electrode and the second graphite electrode, and the first electrode and the second graphite electrode are in contact with the metal raw material to form a closed circuit and generate a closed circuit. After the current is applied, the magnetic coil also generates current and a rotating magnetic field at the same time, so that the magnetic coil runs synchronously with the first electrode and the second graphite electrode, thereby improving product quality.

Preferably, the distance between the dust collecting hood and the opening of the crucible can be adjusted, and the distance between the first electrode and the second graphite electrode can be adjusted.

Preferably, the pulverizing furnace further includes a servo motor, the distance between the dust collecting hood and the opening of the crucible is controlled by the servo motor, and the distance between the first electrode and the second graphite electrode is controlled by the servo motor. The distance is controlled by the servo motor.

During the working process of the pulverizing furnace, due to the contact short circuit between the electrode and the charge, the melting and collapse of the charge, the arc length, arc voltage, arc current and input power are constantly changing, while the above-mentioned plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace passes through. The servo motor controls and adjusts the distance between the first electrode and the second graphite electrode, so that the voltage set by the electric furnace remains constant to a greater extent, which is conducive to shortening the melting time, reducing the interference of arc changes, and reducing electrode wear and arc. The effect of radiation on crucible galvanic corrosion greatly increases productivity.

Preferably, the pulverizing furnace further includes a thermal insulation jacket and a pulverizing furnace shell, the thermal insulation jacket is arranged outside the magnetic coil, and the thermal insulation jacket surrounds the magnetic coil and the crucible except for the opening side of the crucible , the outer shell of the pulverizing furnace surrounds the insulation jacket.

The above-mentioned plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace reduces the diffusion of heat to the environment through the insulating jacket, and reduces the energy consumption.

Preferably, the dust collecting cover is in the shape of a spherical shell, or a conical shell, or a combined shape of a conical shell and a hollow cylinder.

Preferably, the crucible is a stainless steel crucible, and the shape of the crucible is a rounded truncated cone or a cylindrical shape.

Preferably, the air extraction device is a fan or a vacuum cleaner.

The above-mentioned plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace extracts the gasified metal from the upper part of the crucible by means of an air extraction device and a dust collecting hood, and then cuts off oxidation and cools to form nano-scale oxide powder.

Preferably, the DC voltage output device is a transformer or a DC power supply.

The above-mentioned pulverizing furnace directly transmits voltage to the first electrode, the second graphite electrode and the magnetic coil through the DC power supply, or transmits the voltage to the first electrode, the second graphite electrode and the magnetic coil through the transformer connected to the power grid.

Preferably, the DC power supply is an IGBT inverter DC power supply.

The above-mentioned plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace adopts IGBT inverter DC power supply. The number of turns of the iron core and coil of the power transformer is greatly reduced, which saves metal materials, reduces the size and weight of the pulverizing furnace, and reduces electric energy. loss.

Preferably, the pulverizing furnace further includes a stand, the crucible is fixed on the stand with its opening facing upward, the first electrode is arranged at the bottom of the crucible, and the second graphite electrode passes through the dust collector. The hood is inserted into the crucible.

Preferably, the pulverizing furnace further comprises a lifting mechanism, the bottom of the lifting mechanism is fixed on the base, the dust collecting cover and the second graphite electrode are detachably fixed on the lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is The height of the mechanism is controlled by a servo motor.

Preferably, the lifting mechanism is an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or a screw lifter.

In the process of collecting dust in the dust collecting hood, the air pressure decreases as the dust collects and blocks the filter equipment and causes the dust to spread. The above-mentioned plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace is controlled by the servo motor to control the lifting mechanism There is a distance between the dust collecting hood and the opening of the crucible to adjust the air volume of the dust collecting hood to avoid the diffusion of dust.

Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a first lifting mechanism and a second lifting mechanism, the servo motor includes a first servo motor and a second servo motor, and the height of the first lifting mechanism is controlled by the first servo motor, The height of the second lifting mechanism is controlled by the second servo motor, the dust collecting hood is fixed on the first lifting mechanism, and the second graphite electrode is detachably fixed on the second lifting mechanism.

Preferably, an electrode clamping mechanism is fixed on the upper part of the first lifting mechanism, the second graphite electrode is detachably fixed on the electrode clamping mechanism, and a support rod is fixed on the upper part of the second lifting mechanism, so The dust hood is fixed on the support rod.

The above-mentioned plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace controls the distance between the dust collecting hood and the crucible, and the distance between the first electrode and the second graphite electrode through different servo motors.

Preferably, the pulverizing furnace is further provided with a feeding port leading into the crucible, and the pulverizing furnace is further provided with an observation window.

The above-mentioned plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace observes the liquid level in the crucible through the observation window, and feeds the crucible through the feeding port.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace, and the plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace of the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) By driving the operation of the servo motor, the distance adjustment between the first electrode and the second graphite electrode is realized, so that the voltage set by the electric furnace is kept constant to a greater extent, and the stability of product quality and production capacity is achieved;

(2) A magnetic coil is arranged outside the crucible, and the generated rotating magnetic field makes the plasma arc more stable and the energy is more concentrated, so that the liquid material in the crucible molten pool rotates with the direction of the rotating magnetic field, thereby effectively avoiding the surface of the molten pool. The formation of oxide layer, and while the solution is rotating, a small amount of oxide slag generated in the production process will be spun around the crucible wall, which is convenient for cleaning and can improve production capacity;

(3) By driving the operation of the servo motor to adjust the height of the exhaust hood to control the constant exhaust air volume, so as to achieve process control of stable air volume, effectively ensure the stability of the production process, and enable the plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace to continuously Continuous operation to effectively control the quality and production capacity of products;

(4) The plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace of the present invention is easy to control the melting temperature, the equipment occupies a small area, the power consumption is low, the production capacity is improved, and it is suitable for the preparation of metal nanoscale oxide powder.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace of the present invention.

Among them, 1. Crucible, 2. Dust collecting hood, 3. Magnetic coil, 4. First electrode, 5. Second graphite electrode, 6. Shell of pulverizing furnace, 7. Machine base, 8. First lifting mechanism, 9. , The second lifting mechanism, 10, the first servo motor, 11, the second servo motor, 12, the electrode clamping mechanism, 13, the support rod, 14, the feeding port, 15, the observation window.

Detailed ways

In order to better illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

Example 1

As an embodiment of the present invention, a plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, includes a crucible 1, a dust collecting hood 2, a magnetic coil 3, a first electrode 4, and a second graphite electrode 5. DC voltage output device and ventilation device;

The dust collecting hood 2 is communicated with the pipeline of the air extraction device. The shape of the dust collecting hood 2 is the shape of a concave cover. The dust collecting hood 2 is arranged on one side of the opening of the crucible 1, and there is a gap between the dust collecting hood 2 and the opening of the crucible 1. , the concave side of the dust hood 2 faces the opening of the crucible 1, the first electrode 4 and the second graphite electrode 5 are separated by a certain distance, and the first electrode 4 and the second graphite electrode 5 are arranged on the concave side of the dust hood 2 In the space surrounded by the crucible 1, the first electrode 4 and the second graphite electrode 5 are electrically connected to the DC voltage output device, the magnetic coil 3 surrounds the outside of the crucible 1, and the magnetic coil 3 is connected in series with the first electrode 4 and the second graphite electrode 5. In the formed circuit or the magnetic coil 3 is connected in parallel with the circuit formed by the first electrode 4 and the second graphite electrode 5 .

Further, the magnetic coil 3 is connected in series in the circuit formed by the first electrode 4 and the second graphite electrode 5 . The magnetic coil 3 is connected in series in the circuit composed of the first electrode 4 and the second graphite electrode 5. After the first electrode 4 and the second graphite electrode 5 are in contact with the metal raw material to form a closed circuit and generate current, the magnetic coil 3 also generates a current. The current and rotating magnetic field make the magnetic coil 3 run synchronously with the first electrode 4 and the second graphite electrode 5, which improves the product quality.

Further, the pulverizing furnace also includes a servo motor, the distance between the dust collecting hood and the crucible 1 is controlled by the servo motor, and the distance between the first electrode 4 and the second graphite electrode 5 is controlled by the servo motor. During the working process of the pulverizing furnace, due to the contact short circuit between the electrode and the charge, the melting and collapse of the charge, the arc length, arc voltage, arc current and input power are constantly changing, while the above-mentioned plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace passes through. The servo motor controls and adjusts the distance between the first electrode and the second graphite electrode, so that the voltage set by the electric furnace remains constant to a greater extent, which is beneficial to shorten the melting time, reduce the interference of the arc to the power grid, and reduce the loss of the electrode and the arc. The effect of radiation on crucible galvanic corrosion greatly increases productivity.

In order to reduce the diffusion of heat to the environment and reduce energy consumption, the pulverizing furnace also includes a thermal insulation jacket and a pulverizing furnace shell 6, the thermal insulation jacket is arranged outside the magnetic coil 3, and the thermal insulation jacket surrounds the magnetic coil 3 and The crucible 1 and the pulverizing furnace shell 6 surround the insulation jacket.

Further, the dust collecting cover 2 is spherical, or conical, or a combination of a conical and a hollow cylinder, the crucible 1 is a stainless steel crucible, and the shape of the crucible is an inverted truncated cone or a cylindrical shape.

Further, the air extraction device is a fan or a vacuum cleaner.

Further, the DC voltage output device is a transformer or a DC power supply.

Further, the DC power supply is an IGBT inverter DC power supply. Using IGBT inverter DC power supply, the number of turns of the iron core and coil of the power transformer is greatly reduced, which saves metal materials, reduces the size and weight of the pulverizing furnace, and reduces the loss of electric energy.

Further, the pulverizing furnace also includes a base 7, the crucible 1 is fixed on the base 7 with its opening facing upward, the first electrode 4 is arranged at the bottom of the crucible 1, and the second graphite electrode 5 is inserted into the crucible 1 through the dust collecting cover 2. Inside.

Further, the crucible 1 is a stainless steel crucible.

Further, the pulverizing furnace also includes a lifting mechanism, the bottom of the lifting mechanism is fixed on the base, the upper part of the lifting mechanism is fixed with an electrode clamping mechanism and a support rod, the dust collecting cover is fixed on the support rod, and the second graphite electrode is detachable. It is fixed on the electrode clamping mechanism, the height of the lifting mechanism is controlled by a servo motor, and the lifting mechanism is an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or a screw lifter. In the process of collecting dust in the dust collecting hood, the air pressure decreases as the dust collects and blocks the filter equipment and causes the dust to spread. The above-mentioned plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace is controlled by the servo motor to control the lifting mechanism There is a distance between the dust hood and the crucible to adjust the air volume of the dust hood to avoid the spread of dust.

In order to control the distance between the dust collecting hood 2 and the opening of the crucible 1 and the distance between the first electrode 4 and the second graphite electrode 5 respectively, the lifting mechanism includes a first lifting mechanism 8 and a second lifting mechanism 9. The servo motor includes a first servo motor 10 and a second servo motor 11. The height of the first lifting mechanism 8 is controlled by the first servo motor 10, and the height of the second lifting mechanism 9 is controlled by the second servo motor 11. The upper part of the mechanism 8 is fixed with an electrode clamping mechanism 12, the second graphite electrode 5 is detachably fixed on the electrode clamping mechanism 12, the upper part of the second lifting mechanism 9 is fixed with a support rod 13, and the dust collecting cover 2 is fixed on the support on rod 13.

Further, the pulverizing furnace is also provided with a feeding port 14 which leads into the crucible 1 , and the pulverizing furnace is also provided with an observation window 15 . The liquid level in the crucible is observed through the observation window, and material is fed into the crucible through the feeding port.

The plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace of the present invention utilizes the high temperature heat of about 3000°C generated by the DC plasma arc generated between the electrode and the metal raw material to melt and gasify the metal raw material put into the crucible, and the arc gas During the exhaust process of the dust hood, the vaporized metal raw materials floating in the air are continuously oxidized, cooled and floated in the dust hood to form nano-scale oxide powder, which is absorbed into the dust hood along with the exhaust duct. Collection of settling chambers and dust collectors. The above-mentioned plasma arc magnetic rotary gasification pulverizing furnace is provided with a magnetic coil, which is wound along the crucible and connected in series in the circuit to generate a rotating magnetic field. Under the magnetic force of the rotating magnetic field, the solution in the crucible molten pool is driven to run in a certain direction , can effectively eliminate the formation of the oxide layer on the surface of the molten pool, make the arc column energy more concentrated and stable under the action of the rotating magnetic field, so that the product quality is more stable, and the uniformity of the particle size of the nano-scale oxide powder is improved. The equipment is more energy-saving, and the production capacity is effectively increased, and the solution can rotate the oxide slag to the edge of the melt crucible while rotating with the magnetic force, which is beneficial to remove the oxide slag and increase the production capacity.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that, The technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A plasma arc magnetic force rotary gasification powder making furnace is characterized by comprising a crucible, a dust collection cover, a magnetic coil, a first electrode, a second graphite electrode, a direct current voltage output device and an air draft device;

the dust collection cover is communicated with the air draft device through a pipeline, the dust collection cover is in a concave cover body shape, the dust collection cover is arranged on one side of an opening of the crucible, a gap is reserved between the dust collection cover and the opening of the crucible, one side of a concave surface of the dust collection cover faces the opening of the crucible, a certain distance is reserved between the first electrode and the second graphite electrode, the first electrode and the second graphite electrode are arranged on one side of the concave surface of the dust collection cover and in a space surrounded by the crucible, the first electrode and the second graphite electrode are electrically connected with the direct current voltage output device, the magnetic force coil surrounds the outer side of the crucible, and the magnetic force coil is connected in series in a circuit formed by the first electrode and the second graphite electrode or in parallel with a circuit formed by the first electrode and the second graphite electrode.

2. The plasma arc magnetic force rotary gasification powder making furnace according to claim 1, further comprising a servo motor, wherein the distance between the dust collection cover and the opening of the crucible is controlled by the servo motor, and the distance between the first electrode and the second graphite electrode is controlled by the servo motor.

3. The plasma arc magnetic force rotary gasification powder making furnace according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a heat insulating sleeve and a powder making furnace shell, wherein the heat insulating sleeve is arranged outside the magnetic coil, the heat insulating sleeve surrounds the magnetic coil and the crucible except for the opening side of the crucible, and the powder making furnace shell surrounds the heat insulating sleeve.

4. The plasma arc magnetic rotating gasification powder making furnace according to claim 3, wherein the dust collection cover is in a spherical shell shape, or a conical shell shape, or a combination shape of the conical shell and the hollow cylinder.

5. The plasma arc magnetic force rotary gasification powder making furnace according to claim 3, wherein the crucible is a stainless steel crucible, and the outer shape of the crucible is an inverted truncated cone shape or a cylindrical shape.

6. The plasma arc magnetic force rotary gasification powder making furnace according to claim 1, wherein the air draft device is a fan or a dust collector.

7. The plasma arc magnetic force rotary gasification powder making furnace according to claim 1, further comprising a base, wherein the crucible opening is fixed on the base upwards, the first electrode is arranged at the bottom of the crucible, and the second graphite electrode is inserted into the crucible through the dust collection cover.

8. The plasma arc magnetic force rotary gasification powder making furnace according to claim 7, further comprising a lifting mechanism, wherein the bottom of the lifting mechanism is fixed on the base, the dust collection cover and the second graphite electrode are detachably fixed on the lifting mechanism, and the height of the lifting mechanism is controlled by a servo motor.

9. The plasma arc magnetic force rotary gasification powder making furnace according to claim 8, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises a first lifting mechanism and a second lifting mechanism, the servo motor comprises a first servo motor and a second servo motor, the height of the first lifting mechanism is controlled by the first servo motor, the height of the second lifting mechanism is controlled by the second servo motor, the dust collection cover is fixed on the first lifting mechanism, and the second graphite electrode is detachably fixed on the second lifting mechanism.

10. The plasma arc magnetic rotating gasification powder making furnace according to claim 1, wherein the powder making furnace is further provided with a feeding port leading into the crucible.

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