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CN111494062A - 球形网状4d记忆合金股骨头支撑装置 - Google Patents

球形网状4d记忆合金股骨头支撑装置 Download PDF

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CN111494062A
CN111494062A CN202010383059.9A CN202010383059A CN111494062A CN 111494062 A CN111494062 A CN 111494062A CN 202010383059 A CN202010383059 A CN 202010383059A CN 111494062 A CN111494062 A CN 111494062A
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sleeve
memory alloy
femoral head
mesh
head support
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CN111494062B (zh
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屠重棋
卢敏勋
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West China Hospital of Sichuan University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
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    • A61F2002/30909—Nets
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30907—Nets or sleeves applied to surface of prostheses or in cement
    • A61F2002/30909—Nets
    • A61F2002/30914—Details of the mesh structure, e.g. disposition of the woven warp and weft wires
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609—Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A61F2002/3611—Heads or epiphyseal parts of femur
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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Abstract

本发明公开一种球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑装置，包括球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体和微创植入装置；球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体包括网状球面，网状球面由金属丝交叉构成，金属丝为记忆合金；微创植入装置包括套筒，套筒设有用于推动球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体沿套筒轴向移动的推动机构；套筒的内径大于网状球面在压迫状态时的直径。球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体在提供轴向支撑的同时，还能够提供均匀的周向膨胀性支撑；微创植入装置用于植入球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体，安装方便、可靠。

Description

球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑装置
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域，尤其涉及一种球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑装置。
背景技术
股骨头缺血性坏死是骨科常见病、多发病，由各种原因引起的股骨头血供破坏，均可造成股骨头活性成分死亡，机体在对骨坏死区的修复过程中，早期坏死的骨小梁以被吸收为主，使得塌陷区更脆弱。
目前已有的治疗方法之一为采用支撑装置对其进行支撑。现有的支撑装置均为棒状或伞状，通常能够提供轴向或局部支撑。
如专利申请(申请号：201710971095.5)公开了一种带有固定装置的支撑股骨头防止塌陷的空心钛棒，包括棒体和固定装置，棒体为一体成型，棒体为八棱柱，棒体的外表面具有羟基磷灰石涂层,棒体沿其轴向设有通孔，棒体的棒尾设有粗螺纹，棒体尾端有内六角凹口，内六角凹口与所通孔相互贯通，固定装置与所述棒体尾端连接。本发明的股骨头支撑钛棒植入到股骨头的塌陷处发挥力学支撑作用，而改善股骨头、颈部地生物力学特性，防止股骨头塌陷,股骨头支撑钛棒设计成空心结构，可以长期发挥股骨头减压作用，钛棒棒体外表面的羟基磷灰石涂层，与人体组织相容性好，钛棒尾端设置有固定装置，有效地防止了钛棒的松动滑脱。
再如专利申请(申请号：201110161085.8)公开了一种镍钛记忆合金伞-钛笼股骨头内支撑器，由镍钛记忆合金伞、TA2纯钛支撑器体、TA2纯钛尾部紧固螺丝构成，可容纳骨材料或生产因子，植入后可自动增大支撑面积。
再如专利申请(申请号：201020641438.5)公开了一种伞状记忆合金股骨头支撑器，由8个支撑伞骨组成。
还可参考以下专利(公开号：CN102824208A；CN201912208U)。
以上专利申请中支撑装置的设计均存在着不足，由于其设计及大小的不合理，支撑作用仅限于较小的局部，且均以轴向为主要支撑方向，不能提供整体的膨胀性支撑。虽然部分专利中采用记忆合金，达到了微创治疗的目的，但由于镍钛合金的强度结合形状大小问题，无法提供长期有效的支撑。其相关的临床研究也证实了这一点。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑装置，包括球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体和微创植入装置，球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体在提供轴向支撑的同时，还能够提供均匀的周向膨胀性支撑；微创植入装置用于植入球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体，安装方便、可靠。
为达到上述目的，本发明是采用以下技术方案实现的：
本发明公开的球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑装置，包括球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体和微创植入装置；所述球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体包括网状球面，所述网状球面由金属丝交叉构成，所述金属丝为记忆合金；所述微创植入装置包括套筒，所述套筒设有用于推动球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体沿套筒轴向移动的推动机构；所述套筒的内径大于网状球面在压迫状态时的直径。
优选的，所述记忆合金为镍钛合金。
进一步的，所述金属丝包括至少两种直径的金属丝。
优选的，所述金属丝有两种，分别为细金属丝和粗金属丝，所述细金属丝的直径为200-300μm，所述粗金属丝的直径为1000-1200μm，细金属丝和粗金属丝的数量比例为8:2至3:7。
进一步的，所述套筒的侧壁内设有水冷结构，所述水冷结构的进水口、出水口均位于套筒的下部。
优选的，所述推动机构包括滑动块、螺杆、帽体，所述滑动块与套筒内壁轴向滑动配合，滑动块的上端为弧面，所述弧面的曲率大于网状球面的曲率，滑动块的下端设有凹坑，所述螺杆的前端与凹坑适配，所述帽体与套筒的下端螺纹连接，帽体中心设有螺纹通孔A，螺杆与螺纹通孔A螺纹配合；套筒内壁设有轴向导槽，所述轴向导槽贯通套筒的下端，轴向导槽不贯通套筒的上端，滑动块的侧壁设有与轴向导槽适配的导向凸愣。
进一步的，所述推动机构还包括导向块，所述导向块套装在套筒内，导向块中心设有螺纹通孔B，螺杆与螺纹通孔B螺纹配合,导向块外壁设有与轴向导槽适配的防转凸愣。
进一步的，所述帽体与套筒之间设有锁紧机构，所述锁紧机构为卡扣。
优选的，所述水冷结构包括位于套筒的侧壁内的夹层，所述夹层内设有轴向隔板，所述轴向隔板将夹层的下部分割为进水区和出水区，所述进水口位于进水区、出水口位于出水区，夹层的顶部连通。
本发明的有益效果如下：
1、球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体为球面，在提供轴向支撑的同时，还能够提供均匀的周向膨胀性支撑。
2、球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体为网状，其骨传导性、骨诱导性好。
3、球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体采用镍钛合金，生物相容性好。
4、球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体结合粗细两种金属丝，不但保证足够的支撑强度，而且提高了支撑体的骨传导性。
5、微创植入工具，能够方便，安全的植入该种球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑装置。
6、微创植入工具包括水冷机构，能够保证球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑装置在植入过程中保持压迫状态。
7、微创植入工具设有导向机构、防转机构和锁紧机构，能够进一步的保证植入过程的操作稳定性。
附图说明
图1为球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体在恢复状态时的结构示意图；
图2为球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体表面的局部放大图；
图3为微创植入工具的结构示意图；
图4为套筒内壁的局部展开图；
图5为套筒的径向剖视图；
图6为套筒的轴向剖视图；
图中：1-网状球面、11-粗金属丝、12-细金属丝、2-套筒、21-套筒外螺纹、22-进水口、23-出水口、24-夹层、25-轴向隔板、26-轴向导槽、3-滑动块、31-弧面、32-凹坑、33-导向凸愣、4-螺杆、41-螺杆外螺纹、42-螺帽、5-导向块、51-螺纹通孔B的内螺纹、52-防转凸愣、6-帽体、61-帽体内螺纹、62-凹槽、63-螺纹通孔A的内螺纹63、7-卡条、71-凸起。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。
本发明公开的球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑装置包括球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体和微创植入工具。
如图1、图2所示，球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体为网状球面1，网状球面1由金属丝交叉构成，金属丝为记忆合金，记忆合金优选采用镍钛合金。
金属丝包括至少两种直径的金属丝，本实施例的金属丝有两种，分别为细金属丝12和粗金属丝11，细金属丝12的直径为200-300μm，粗金属丝11的直径为1000-1200μm，细金属丝11和粗金属丝12的数量比例为8:2至3:7。
如图3、图4、图5、图6所示，微创植入工具包括套筒2，套筒2设有用于推动球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体沿套筒2轴向移动的推动机构；套筒2的内径大于网状球面1在压迫状态时的直径；推动机构包括滑动块3、螺杆4、帽体6，滑动块3与套筒2内壁轴向滑动配合，滑动块的上端为弧面31，弧面31的曲率大于网状球面1的曲率，滑动块3的下端设有凹坑32，螺杆4的前端与凹坑32适配，帽体6与套筒2的下端螺纹连接，具体的，帽体6设有帽体内螺纹61，套筒2的下端设有套筒外螺纹21；帽体6中心设有螺纹通孔A，螺杆4与螺纹通孔A螺纹配合，具体的，螺杆4的螺杆外螺纹41与螺纹通孔A的内螺纹63配合；套筒2内壁设有轴向导槽26，轴向导槽26贯通套筒2的下端，轴向导槽26不贯通套筒2的上端，滑动块3的侧壁设有与轴向导槽26适配的导向凸愣33。
推动机构还包括导向块5，导向块5套装在套筒2内，导向块5中心设有螺纹通孔B，螺杆与螺纹通孔B螺纹配合,具体的，螺杆4的螺杆外螺纹41与螺纹通孔B的内螺纹51配合，导向块5的外壁设有与轴向导槽26适配的防转凸愣52。
当然，轴向导槽26、导向凸愣33、防转凸愣52均可以有多个。
帽体与套筒之间设有锁紧机构，锁紧机构为卡扣；具体的，卡扣包括与套筒2活动连接的卡条7，卡条7上设有凸起71，帽体6设有凹槽62，凸起71与凹槽62卡合。
套筒2的侧壁内设有水冷结构，水冷结构的进水口22、出水口23均位于套筒2的下部，水冷结构还包括位于套筒2的侧壁内的夹层24，夹层24内设有轴向隔板25，轴向隔板25将夹层24的下部分割为进水区和出水区，进水口22位于进水区、出水口23位于出水区，夹层24的顶部连通。
本发明的使用方法如下：套筒2通冷水，将处于压迫状态的网状球面1、3-滑动块依次放入套筒2中，螺杆4依次穿过帽体6、导向块5后插入套筒2中，帽体6拧紧套在套筒2上，然后通过拧动螺杆4的螺帽42，将螺杆4的前端插入凹坑32中，将套筒插入安装部位，进一步拧动螺帽42，将将网状球面1推送到安装位置。
为防止帽体6松动，还可以通过卡扣7将帽体6锁紧在套筒2上。
当然，本发明还可有其它多种实施例，在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (9)

1.球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑装置，其特征在于：包括球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体和微创植入装置；所述球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体包括网状球面，所述网状球面由金属丝交叉构成，所述金属丝为记忆合金；所述微创植入装置包括套筒，所述套筒设有用于推动球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑体沿套筒轴向移动的推动机构；所述套筒的内径大于网状球面在压迫状态时的直径。
2.根据权利要求1所述的球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑装置，其特征在于：所述记忆合金为镍钛合金。
3.根据权利要求1所述的球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑装置，其特征在于：所述金属丝包括至少两种直径的金属丝。
4.根据权利要求3所述的球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑装置，其特征在于：所述金属丝有两种，分别为细金属丝和粗金属丝，所述细金属丝的直径为200-300μm，所述粗金属丝的直径为1000-1200μm，细金属丝和粗金属丝的数量比例为8:2至3:7。
5.根据权利要求1所述的球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑装置，其特征在于：所述套筒的侧壁内设有水冷结构，所述水冷结构的进水口、出水口均位于套筒的下部。
6.根据权利要求5所述的球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑装置，其特征在于：所述推动机构包括滑动块、螺杆、帽体，所述滑动块与套筒内壁轴向滑动配合，滑动块的上端为弧面，所述弧面的曲率大于网状球面的曲率，滑动块的下端设有凹坑，所述螺杆的前端与凹坑适配，所述帽体与套筒的下端螺纹连接，帽体中心设有螺纹通孔A，螺杆与螺纹通孔A螺纹配合；套筒内壁设有轴向导槽，所述轴向导槽贯通套筒的下端，轴向导槽不贯通套筒的上端，滑动块的侧壁设有与轴向导槽适配的导向凸愣。
7.根据权利要求6所述的球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑装置，其特征在于：所述推动机构还包括导向块，所述导向块套装在套筒内，导向块中心设有螺纹通孔B，螺杆与螺纹通孔B螺纹配合,导向块外壁设有与轴向导槽适配的防转凸愣。
8.根据权利要求6所述的球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑装置，其特征在于：所述帽体与套筒之间设有锁紧机构，所述锁紧机构为卡扣。
9.根据权利要求5所述的球形网状4D记忆合金股骨头支撑装置，其特征在于：所述水冷结构包括位于套筒的侧壁内的夹层，所述夹层内设有轴向隔板，所述轴向隔板将夹层的下部分割为进水区和出水区，所述进水口位于进水区、出水口位于出水区，夹层的顶部连通。
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