CN111459606A - Method for quickly creating virtual machine under virtualization and server - Google Patents
Method for quickly creating virtual machine under virtualization and server Download PDFInfo
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- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
- G06F9/45558—Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
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- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
- G06F9/45558—Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
- G06F2009/45562—Creating, deleting, cloning virtual machine instances
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
- G06F9/45558—Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
- G06F2009/45595—Network integration; Enabling network access in virtual machine instances
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for quickly creating a virtual machine under virtualization and a server, belonging to the field of virtual machine creation and solving the technical problem of how to quickly create a virtual machine with a custom specification, wherein the method is based on virtualization software, libvirt software and virtualization function software which are configured on a host server, the virtual machine which is required by self-defining a network IP address, a system disk size and a mounted data disk is created through a custom virtual machine template file and virtual machine configuration parameters, an operating system configured in the host server is a linux operating system, the virtualization software is Xen or QEMU-KVM, the virtualization function software comprises but is not limited to an API library, a L ibvirtd daemon process and a virsh command line utility program, and the server is used as the host server to execute the method to construct the virtual machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of virtual machine creation, in particular to a method and a server for quickly creating a virtual machine under virtualization.
Background
KVM is a virtualization technology, KVM is an open source L inux native full virtualization solution based on the X86 hardware of the virtualization extensions (Intel VT or AMD-V), and the ARM architecture also supports KVM virtualization technology.A virtual machine in KVM is implemented as a conventional L inux process, scheduled by a standard L inux scheduler, and each virtual CPU of the virtual machine is implemented as a conventional L inux process, which enables the KMV to use the existing functionality of the L inux kernel.
QEMU is a VMM (Virtual Machine manager) on a host, simulates CPU by dynamic binary conversion, and provides a series of hardware models, so that Guest OS considers itself and hardware to directly make a trade, which is actually a trade with hardware simulated by QEMU, and QEMU translates these instructions to real hardware for operation.
The KVM is responsible for CPU virtualization and memory virtualization, which realizes the virtualization of the CPU and the memory, but the KVM cannot simulate other devices. And a tool running in a user space is required, a KVM developer selects mature open source virtualization software QEMU as the tool, the QEMU simulates IO devices (network cards, disks and the like) and modifies the IO devices to finally form QEMU-KVM.
In QEMU-KVM, KVM runs in kernel space, QEMU runs in user space, actually simulates to create and manage various virtual hardware, QEMU integrates KVM, and calls/dev/KVM through ioctl, so that part of CPU instruction is given to kernel module to do, KVM realizes virtualization of CPU and memory, but KVM cannot simulate other hardware devices, so QEMU also has the function of simulating IO devices (disk, network card, display card, etc.), and KVM plus QEMU is complete server virtualization. Therefore, QEMU-KVM mainly achieves two major roles: providing virtualization to CPU, memory (KVM responsibility), IO device (QEMU responsibility); the creation, calling and management of various virtual devices (QEMU responsibility).
libvirt is a collection of software that provides a convenient way to manage virtual machines and other virtualization functions, such as storage and network interface management, these software include an API library, a daemon process (L ibvirtd), and a command line utility (virsh).
The cloud-init (linux system)/cloudbase-init (windows system) is used for basic configuration of the virtual machine through metadata service when the virtual machine is created, and comprises common host names, users, passwords and the like. Meanwhile, a user can configure the virtual machine by customizing some data through user _ data, and a configuration file close-config or a script is directly given to support common shell, bat, python script and the like.
Based on the background, under the environment of a small number of virtualized servers, how to quickly create a virtual machine with a custom specification under the conditions of improving the utilization rate of server resources and avoiding the complex operation of deploying a cloud management platform is a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical task of the invention is to provide a method and a server for quickly creating a virtual machine under virtualization to solve the problem of how to quickly create a virtual machine with a custom specification under the condition of improving the utilization rate of server resources and avoiding complicated operation of deploying a cloud management platform in a small amount of virtualized server environments.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for quickly creating a virtual machine in virtualization, where the method creates a virtual machine, which is required to define a network IP address, a system disk size, and a mounted data disk, through a customized virtual machine template file and virtual machine configuration parameters, based on virtualization software, libvirt software, and virtualization function software configured in a host server;
the operating system configured in the host server is a linux operating system;
the virtualization software is Xen or QEMU-KVM;
the virtualization function software includes but is not limited to an API library, L ibvirtd daemon and a virsh command line utility;
the virtual machine configuration parameters include, but are not limited to, a template type of a virtual template file, virtual machine specification configuration parameters, virtual machine network configuration parameters, virtual machine host configuration parameters, and virtual machine account information.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of:
constructing a virtual template file, wherein the format of the virtual machine template file is qcow2, and the template type of the virtual template file comprises a L inux system and a Windows system;
creating a virtualization environment script program, installing and configuring virtualization software according to an incoming virtualization type, and setting a network bridge;
creating a script execution program, wherein the script execution program is used for constructing virtual machine configuration parameters, creating a virtual machine based on the virtual machine configuration parameters and related virtual machine template files, and performing network connectivity detection and virtual machine creation detail information output after the virtual machine is started;
calling a script execution program to construct virtual machine configuration parameters, selecting corresponding virtual machine template files according to the virtual machine configuration parameters, and creating virtual machines by combining the virtual machine template files and the virtual machine configuration parameters;
calling a script execution program to start a virtual machine and detecting network connectivity;
and calling a script execution program to detect the detail information output by the virtual machine, so that the user can conveniently log in.
Preferably, installing and configuring the virtualization software according to the incoming virtualization type includes:
if the virtualization type is KVM, installing KVM software and QEME software on a host server, wherein the KVM software runs in a kernel space of L inux system and is used for simulating CPU and memory, and the QEME software runs in a user space of L inux system and is used for simulating IO equipment;
if the virtualization type is Xen, Xen software is installed on the hosting server.
Preferably, the IO devices include, but are not limited to, a disk, a network card, and a graphics card.
Preferably, selecting a corresponding virtual machine template file according to the virtual machine configuration parameters, and creating a virtual machine by combining the virtual machine template file and the virtual machine configuration parameters, including the following steps:
the script execution program selects a corresponding virtual machine template file according to the input template type;
installing a virtualization initialization tool of a corresponding type according to the template type of the template file of the virtual machine;
adjusting a virtual machine system disk according to the transmitted virtual machine template file and virtual machine configuration parameters;
generating a network-config file according to the network configuration parameters of the virtual machine, generating a meta-data file according to the configuration parameters of the virtual machine host, generating a user-data file according to the account information of the virtual machine, and packaging the network-config file, the meta-data file and the user-data file into an ISO file;
creating a virtual machine according to the transmitted template file of the virtual machine and the configuration parameters of the virtual machine;
and carrying out self-defined configuration on the virtual machine according to the input ISO file.
Preferably, installing a virtualization initialization tool of a corresponding type according to the template type of the template file of the virtual machine; the method comprises the following steps:
if the template file of the virtual machine corresponds to the L inux system, installing closed-init software;
and if the virtual machine template file corresponds to the Windows system, installing Cloudbase software.
Preferably, the virtual machine specification configuration parameters include, but are not limited to, CPU configuration parameters, memory configuration parameters, virtual system disk size, and the number and size of virtual machine data disks;
the virtual machine network configuration parameters include, but are not limited to, virtual machine network card configuration information and virtual machine network configuration information, and the virtual machine network configuration information includes, but is not limited to, a network IP address and a mask;
virtual machine host configuration parameters include, but are not limited to, virtual machine host name;
the virtual machine account information includes, but is not limited to, virtual machine account information, and virtual machine password expiration rule setting.
When the network configuration information of the virtual machine does not include the network address field information, the network address field information is obtained through calculation according to the network IP address and the mask, and then the network-configuration file is generated by combining the network configuration parameters of the virtual machine and the network address field information.
Preferably, the script execution program is called to start the virtual machine, and network connectivity is detected through a ping mechanism.
Preferably, the detailed information includes, but is not limited to, virtual machine host name, network IP address, virtual machine account information, system disk size, number of data disks, and size.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a server, where the server is configured with L inux operating system, virtualization software, libvirt software, and virtualization function software, and is configured to serve as a host server to construct a virtual machine by a method for quickly creating a virtual machine under virtualization according to any one of the first aspect;
the operating system configured in the host server is a linux operating system;
the virtualization software is Xen or QEMU-KVM;
the virtualization function software includes, but is not limited to, an API library, L ibvirtd daemon, and a virsh command line utility.
The method for quickly creating the virtual machine under virtualization and the server have the following advantages that: the method can quickly create the virtual machine with self-defined specification and complete the configuration of the virtual machine network, the virtual machine system account, the virtual machine host name and the disk. The method improves the creating efficiency of the virtual machine, can meet certain specification configuration requirements, and can quickly deliver the virtual machine which can be directly logged in and accessed for deployment and use of the service system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a method for quickly creating a virtual machine under virtualization according to embodiment 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in the following with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and can implement the present invention, but the embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the embodiments and the technical features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for quickly creating a virtual machine under virtualization and a server, and aims to solve the technical problem of quickly creating a virtual machine with a custom specification under the conditions of improving the utilization rate of server resources and avoiding complicated operation of deploying a cloud management platform in a small amount of virtualized server environments.
Example 1:
the invention discloses a method for quickly creating a virtual machine under virtualization, which is based on virtualization software, libvirt software and virtualization function software configured in a host server, and creates the virtual machine required by self-defining a network IP address, a system disk size and a mounted data disk through a self-defined virtual machine template file and virtual machine configuration parameters.
The operating system configured in the host server is a linux operating system, the virtualization software is Xen or QEMU-KVM, the virtualization function software comprises but is not limited to an API library, L ibvirtd daemon process and a virsh command line utility program, and the virtual machine configuration parameters comprise but are not limited to the template type of a virtual template file, the virtual machine specification configuration parameters, the virtual machine network configuration parameters, the virtual machine host configuration parameters and the virtual machine account number information.
Virtual machines and other virtualization function software are managed through the libvirt.
The virtual machine specification configuration parameters include but are not limited to CPU configuration parameters, memory configuration parameters, virtual system disk size, and the number and size of virtual machine data disks; the virtual machine network configuration parameters include, but are not limited to, virtual machine network card configuration information and virtual machine network configuration information, and the virtual machine network configuration information includes, but is not limited to, a network IP address and a mask; the virtual machine host configuration parameters include, but are not limited to, a virtual machine host name, and the virtual machine account information includes, but is not limited to, virtual machine account information and virtual machine password expiration rule setting.
The method in this embodiment includes the steps of:
s100, constructing a virtual template file, wherein the format of the virtual machine template file is qcow2, and the template type of the virtual template file comprises a L inux system and a Windows system;
s200, creating a virtualization environment script program, installing and configuring virtualization software according to an introduced virtualization type, and setting a network bridge;
s300, creating a script execution program, wherein the script execution program is used for constructing virtual machine configuration parameters, creating a virtual machine based on the virtual machine configuration parameters and a related virtual machine template file, and performing network connectivity detection and virtual machine creation detail information output after the virtual machine is started;
s400, calling a script execution program to construct virtual machine configuration parameters, selecting corresponding virtual machine template files according to the virtual machine configuration parameters, and creating virtual machines by combining the virtual machine template files and the virtual machine configuration parameters;
s500, calling a script execution program to start a virtual machine and detecting network connectivity;
and S600, calling a script execution program to detect the detail information output by the virtual machine, so that the user can conveniently log in.
In step S200, installing and configuring virtualization software according to the introduced virtualization type includes:
in the first case, if the virtualization type is KVM, installing KVM software and qme software on a host server, wherein the KVM software runs in a kernel space of L inux system and is used for simulating a CPU and a memory, the qme software runs in a user space of L inux system and is used for simulating IO equipment, and the IO equipment includes but is not limited to a disk, a network card and a video card;
in case two, if the virtualization type is Xen, Xen software is installed on the host server.
The script execution program is packaged with command line utilities virsh, virt-install and a daemon L ibvirt.
In step S400, selecting a corresponding virtual machine template file according to the virtual machine configuration parameters, and creating a virtual machine by combining the virtual machine template file and the virtual machine configuration parameters, including the following steps:
s410, the script execution program selects a corresponding virtual machine template file according to the input template type;
s420, installing a virtualization initialization tool of a corresponding type according to the template type of the template file of the virtual machine;
s430, adjusting a virtual machine system disk according to the transmitted virtual machine template file and virtual machine configuration parameters;
s440, generating a network-config file according to the virtual machine network configuration parameters, generating a meta-data file according to the virtual machine host configuration parameters, generating a user-data file according to the virtual machine account information, and packaging the network-config file, the meta-data file and the user-data file into an ISO file;
s450, creating a virtual machine according to the transmitted template file of the virtual machine and the configuration parameters of the virtual machine;
and S460, carrying out custom configuration on the virtual machine according to the input ISO file.
In step S440, when the network configuration information of the virtual machine does not include the network address segment information, after the network address segment information is obtained by calculation according to the network IP address and the mask, a network-configuration file is generated by combining the network configuration parameters of the virtual machine and the network address segment information.
In step S500, a script execution program is called to start the virtual machine, and network connectivity is detected through a ping mechanism.
The detailed information in step S600 includes, but is not limited to, a virtual machine host name, a network IP address, virtual machine account information, a system disk size, a data disk number and a size.
In the method for quickly creating a virtual machine in virtualization according to this embodiment, a virtual machine can be quickly created, and for example, KVM software, QEMU software, libvirt software, and virtualization function software are configured on a host service by using a QEMU-KVM virtualization technology and constructing L inux system virtual machines.
The following flow is executed in the creating process:
(1) customizing a qcow2 template, and installing closed-init software;
(2) creating virtual machine configuration parameters including template type, VCPU configuration, memory configuration, virtual system disk size, virtual data disk size and number, network IP address, virtual machine host name and the like;
(3) judging whether the virtual machine exists, if so, terminating, and if not, executing (4);
(4) executing a create virtual machine, comprising:
calculating network information, adjusting a virtual machine system disk, generating a meta-data file, generating a user-data file, generating a network-config file, and packaging the network-config file, the meta-data file and the user-data file into an ISO file;
creating virtual machine execution and automatic configuration;
starting a virtual machine;
and if the virtual machine is successfully started, carrying out network connectivity test.
Example 2:
in the server, the server is configured with L inux operating system, virtualization software, libvirt software and virtualization function software, and is used as a host server to construct a virtual machine by the method for quickly creating the virtual machine under virtualization disclosed in embodiment 1.
The operating system configured in the host server is a linux operating system, the virtualization software is Xen or QEMU-KVM, and the virtualization function software comprises but is not limited to an API library, L ibvirtd daemon process and a virsh command line utility program.
When the virtual machine is created by the QEMU-KVM technology, the adopted software is QEMU-KVM, namely QEMU software and KVM software are configured.
The process of constructing the server comprises the following steps:
(1) customizing a qcow2 template, and installing closed-init software or closed base-init software;
(2) creating virtual machine configuration parameters including template type, VCPU configuration, memory configuration, virtual system disk size, virtual data disk size and number, network IP address, virtual machine host name and the like;
(3) judging whether the virtual machine exists, if so, terminating, and if not, executing (4);
(4) executing a create virtual machine, comprising:
calculating network information;
adjusting a virtual machine system disk;
generating a meta-data file, generating a user-data file, generating a network-config file, and packaging the network-config file, the meta-data file and the user-data file into an ISO file;
creating virtual machine execution and automatic configuration;
starting a virtual machine;
and if the virtual machine is successfully started, carrying out network connectivity test.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for quickly creating a virtual machine under virtualization is characterized in that the method is based on virtualization software, libvirt software and virtualization function software configured on a host server, and the virtual machine required by self-defining a network IP address, a system disk size and a mounted data disk is created through a self-defined virtual machine template file and virtual machine configuration parameters;
the operating system configured in the host server is a linux operating system;
the virtualization software is Xen or QEMU-KVM;
the virtualization function software includes but is not limited to an API library, L ibvirtd daemon and a virsh command line utility;
the virtual machine configuration parameters include, but are not limited to, a template type of a virtual template file, virtual machine specification configuration parameters, virtual machine network configuration parameters, virtual machine host configuration parameters, and virtual machine account information.
2. The method for quickly creating the virtual machine under virtualization according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
constructing a virtual template file, wherein the format of the virtual machine template file is qcow2, and the template type of the virtual template file comprises a L inux system and a Windows system;
creating a virtualization environment script program, installing and configuring virtualization software according to an incoming virtualization type, and setting a network bridge;
creating a script execution program, wherein the script execution program is used for constructing virtual machine configuration parameters, creating a virtual machine based on the virtual machine configuration parameters and related virtual machine template files, and performing network connectivity detection and virtual machine creation detail information output after the virtual machine is started;
calling a script execution program to construct virtual machine configuration parameters, selecting corresponding virtual machine template files according to the virtual machine configuration parameters, and creating virtual machines by combining the virtual machine template files and the virtual machine configuration parameters;
calling a script execution program to start a virtual machine and detecting network connectivity;
and calling a script execution program to detect the detail information output by the virtual machine, so that the user can conveniently log in.
3. The method for quickly creating a virtual machine under virtualization according to claim 2, wherein the installing and configuring virtualization software according to the incoming virtualization type comprises:
if the virtualization type is KVM, installing KVM software and QEME software on a host server, wherein the KVM software runs in a kernel space of L inux system and is used for simulating CPU and memory, and the QEME software runs in a user space of L inux system and is used for simulating IO equipment;
if the virtualization type is Xen, Xen software is installed on the hosting server.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the IO devices include but are not limited to a disk, a network card, and a graphics card.
5. The method for quickly creating a virtual machine under virtualization according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps of selecting a corresponding virtual machine template file according to the configuration parameters of the virtual machine, and creating the virtual machine by combining the virtual machine template file and the configuration parameters of the virtual machine:
the script execution program selects a corresponding virtual machine template file according to the input template type;
installing a virtualization initialization tool of a corresponding type according to the template type of the template file of the virtual machine;
adjusting a virtual machine system disk according to the transmitted virtual machine template file and virtual machine configuration parameters;
generating a network-config file according to the network configuration parameters of the virtual machine, generating a meta-data file according to the configuration parameters of the virtual machine host, generating a user-data file according to the account information of the virtual machine, and packaging the network-config file, the meta-data file and the user-data file into an ISO file;
creating a virtual machine according to the transmitted template file of the virtual machine and the configuration parameters of the virtual machine;
and carrying out self-defined configuration on the virtual machine according to the input ISO file.
6. The method for quickly creating the virtual machine under virtualization according to claim 5, wherein a virtualization initialization tool of a corresponding type is installed according to a template type of a template file of the virtual machine; the method comprises the following steps:
if the template file of the virtual machine corresponds to the L inux system, installing closed-init software;
and if the virtual machine template file corresponds to the Windows system, installing Cloudbase software.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the virtual machine specification configuration parameters include but are not limited to CPU configuration parameters, memory configuration parameters, virtual system disk size, number and size of virtual machine data disks;
the virtual machine network configuration parameters include, but are not limited to, virtual machine network card configuration information and virtual machine network configuration information, and the virtual machine network configuration information includes, but is not limited to, a network IP address and a mask;
virtual machine host configuration parameters include, but are not limited to, virtual machine host name;
the virtual machine account information includes, but is not limited to, virtual machine account information, and virtual machine password expiration rule setting.
When the network configuration information of the virtual machine does not include the network address field information, the network address field information is obtained through calculation according to the network IP address and the mask, and then the network-configuration file is generated by combining the network configuration parameters of the virtual machine and the network address field information.
8. A method for quickly creating a virtual machine under virtualization as claimed in claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the script execution program is called to start the virtual machine and detect the network connectivity through the ping mechanism.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the detailed information includes but is not limited to a virtual machine host name, a network IP address, virtual machine account information, a system disk size, a data disk number and a size.
10. A server, characterized in that the server is configured with L inux operating system, virtualization software, libvirt software and virtualization function software, and is used as a host server to build a virtual machine by a method for quickly creating a virtual machine under virtualization according to any one of claims 1 to 9;
the operating system configured in the host server is a linux operating system;
the virtualization software is Xen or QEMU-KVM;
the virtualization function software includes, but is not limited to, an API library, L ibvirtd daemon, and a virsh command line utility.
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| CN112698918A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-04-23 | 上海幻电信息科技有限公司 | Virtual machine file generation method and device based on construction environment |
| CN112988330A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-06-18 | 江苏天翼安全技术有限公司 | Method and system for establishing virtual machine by designating ip address |
| CN114327768A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-12 | 杭州安恒信息技术股份有限公司 | Virtual machine creating method, device, equipment and computer readable storage medium |
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