CN111427197A - Display panel, alignment method thereof and display device - Google Patents
Display panel, alignment method thereof and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111427197A CN111427197A CN202010360948.3A CN202010360948A CN111427197A CN 111427197 A CN111427197 A CN 111427197A CN 202010360948 A CN202010360948 A CN 202010360948A CN 111427197 A CN111427197 A CN 111427197A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/13378—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation
- G02F1/133784—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation by rubbing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/13378—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation
- G02F1/133788—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation by light irradiation, e.g. linearly polarised light photo-polymerisation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136213—Storage capacitors associated with the pixel electrode
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136286—Wiring, e.g. gate line, drain line
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a display panel, an alignment method thereof and a display device. The display panel provided by the invention comprises a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a first alignment layer and a second alignment layer, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are arranged oppositely, the liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first alignment layer is arranged on one side of the first substrate, which faces the liquid crystal layer, and the second alignment layer is arranged on one side of the second substrate, which faces the liquid crystal layer; the first alignment layer is a photo-alignment layer, and the second alignment layer is a rubbing alignment and photo-alignment composite layer. The display panel provided by the invention can effectively improve the liquid crystal alignment capability, and has higher display contrast and better display effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid crystal display, in particular to a display panel, an alignment method thereof and a display device.
Background
Liquid crystal displays are widely used in various electronic products, and a liquid crystal panel of the liquid crystal display is generally composed of an array substrate, a color film substrate and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the array substrate and the color film substrate, which are oppositely arranged. And the alignment layers are arranged on the two sides of the liquid crystal layer and are respectively arranged on the opposite inner surfaces of the array substrate and the color film substrate. The alignment layer is used for aligning liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer so that the liquid crystal panel can realize a display function.
Among the existing alignment techniques, the most widely used one is the rubbing alignment technique. The current rubbing process mainly adopts a mechanical rubbing mode, and specifically comprises the following steps: the rubbing roll with rubbing cloth attached thereto was used to roll-rub the array substrate or the color filter substrate on which the alignment layer was formed, thereby forming a plurality of uniformly oriented grooves, thereby producing an alignment layer. However, since the surface of the substrate usually has many microstructures, the edges of these microstructures cannot be rubbed by the fluff on the rubbing cloth during the rubbing alignment process, and there are rubbing shadow areas, which can cause poor alignment in these areas.
In order to improve the defect of rubbing alignment, a new photo-alignment technology can be adopted to form an alignment layer, and in the photo-alignment process, the light source equipment is not in contact with the substrate, so that the bad factors such as an alignment shadow region and the like can be avoided, and the display quality of the display can be improved. However, the photoalignment technique has the same defects that the anchoring capability is weak and the afterimage is easily generated, which also affects the quality of the display.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a display panel, an alignment method thereof and a display device.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a display panel, including a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and further including a first alignment layer and a second alignment layer, the first alignment layer being disposed on a side of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, the second alignment layer being disposed on a side of the second substrate facing the liquid crystal layer; the first alignment layer is a photo-alignment layer, and the second alignment layer is a rubbing alignment and photo-alignment composite layer.
In one possible embodiment, the alignment direction of the photo-alignment and rubbing-alignment of the second alignment layer is uniform; and in the second alignment layer, a rubbing alignment layer is formed first, and then the rubbing alignment layer is photo-aligned to form a rubbing alignment and photo-alignment composite layer.
In one possible embodiment, the first alignment layer is aligned along a first direction, the second alignment layer is aligned along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction;
the display panel is divided into a plurality of pixel units which are arranged in an array by a plurality of data lines which are spaced in parallel and a plurality of scanning lines which are spaced in parallel and vertical to the data lines, and the first direction is the extending direction of the data lines or the extending direction of the scanning lines.
In one possible implementation mode, in an opening area of a pixel unit, a first substrate is divided into a first exposure area and a second exposure area along a scanning line, exposure is carried out in the first exposure area and the second exposure area along a data line, and the exposure directions of the first exposure area and the second exposure area are opposite;
or the first substrate is divided into a first exposure area and a second exposure area along the data line, exposure is carried out in the first exposure area and the second exposure area along the scanning line, and the exposure directions of the first exposure area and the second exposure area are opposite.
In one possible embodiment, the first exposure area and the second exposure area are equal in area.
In one possible implementation, a storage capacitance line is arranged in the pixel unit and is parallel to the scanning line, and the storage capacitance line covers at least part of the dark fringe, and the dark fringe is formed by liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer.
In one possible implementation, the scan line includes a first scan line and a second scan line, a first transistor and a second transistor are disposed on the first scan line, and the first transistor and the second transistor are respectively connected to two pixel units on both sides of the scan line;
the second scanning line is provided with a third transistor, the third transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the first transistor or the second transistor, and the third transistor is connected with one of the two pixel units at two sides of the scanning line.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an alignment method for a display panel, the display panel including a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the method comprising:
forming alignment films on a side of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer and a side of the second substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, respectively;
performing photo-alignment on the alignment film of the first substrate to form a first alignment layer;
and rubbing and photo-aligning the alignment film of the second substrate to form a second alignment layer.
In a possible embodiment, rubbing and photo-aligning the alignment film of the second substrate to form the second alignment layer specifically includes:
rubbing and aligning the alignment film of the second substrate to form a rubbing and aligning layer;
and carrying out photo-alignment on the rubbing alignment layer to form a second alignment layer.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a display device comprising the display panel as described above.
The invention provides a display panel and an alignment method and a display device thereof.A first alignment layer and a second alignment layer are respectively arranged at the opposite inner sides of a first substrate and a second substrate of the display panel, wherein the first alignment layer is a photo-alignment layer, and the second alignment layer is a friction alignment and photo-alignment composite layer; the first alignment layer of the first substrate is set as the optical alignment layer, so that liquid crystal molecules in different areas in the pixel unit can be aligned in different directions, and a multi-domain pixel structure is formed conveniently; the second alignment layer of the second substrate is arranged into a friction alignment and photo-alignment composite layer, so that the anchoring capacity of the friction alignment to liquid crystal molecules is strong, and the photo-alignment can make up for the defect that poor alignment is easily formed at the part of the substrate with the microstructure through the friction alignment; by arranging the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer, the alignment capability of liquid crystal molecules can be effectively improved, the display contrast of the display panel is improved, and the display quality of the display device is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without inventive labor.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of photo-alignment of a pixel structure in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of an alignment process of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is another alignment flowchart of a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5a is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel unit according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5b is a schematic structural diagram of another pixel unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a partial schematic view of a pixel region of a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a partial schematic view of another pixel region of a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a flowchart of an alignment method of a display panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a flow chart illustrating alignment of the second substrate according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-a display panel; 11-a first substrate; 111-a first alignment layer; 12-a second substrate; 121-a second alignment layer; 13-a liquid crystal layer; 131-liquid crystal molecules; 14-a data line; 15-scan line; 151-first scan line; 152-second scan line; 16-pixel cells; 161-a first exposure area; 162-a second exposure area; 163-pixel electrode; 164-a via hole; 17-storage capacitance line; 18-dark lines; 191 — a first transistor; 192-a second transistor; 193-a third transistor; 19 a-a source; 19 b-a semiconductor layer; 19 c-drain.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
At present, liquid crystal displays are widely used in various electronic products, and a display panel of the liquid crystal display is a liquid crystal panel, and the liquid crystal panel is generally composed of an array substrate and a color film substrate which are oppositely arranged and a liquid crystal layer which is sandwiched between the array substrate and the color film substrate. Alignment films are arranged on two sides of the liquid crystal layer, namely on the opposite inner surfaces of the array substrate and the color film substrate, and the alignment films are used for enabling liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer to generate orientation, so that the display function of the liquid crystal panel is realized.
In the prior art, a rubbing alignment technology and a photo-alignment technology are mainly used for aligning liquid crystal molecules of a liquid crystal panel. For example, a photo-alignment may be used for one of the array substrate and the color filter substrate, and a rubbing-alignment may be used for the other. In the case of rubbing alignment, a rubbing roller with rubbing cloth is used to roll and rub the substrate on which the alignment film is formed, thereby forming a plurality of uniformly aligned grooves, and thus an alignment layer is formed.
However, in the rubbing alignment, at the positions where the substrate has microstructures, such as grooves, and protrusions, the rubbing roller has poor contact with the edges of the microstructures, and the alignment layer thus formed also has local unevenness and unevenness, resulting in poor alignment regions, which may cause poor alignment of liquid crystal molecules, resulting in light leakage of the liquid crystal panel and affecting the display effect of the liquid crystal display.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of photo-alignment of a pixel structure in the prior art. As shown in fig. 1, nowadays, more liquid crystal molecules 131 of the liquid crystal panel are aligned by using photo-Alignment, for example, UV2A (Ultra Violet-domain Vertical Alignment) technology, that is, VA (Vertical Alignment) panel technology in which liquid crystal Alignment is performed by using Ultraviolet (UV) light, is used.
By simply adopting the photo-alignment technology, that is, by adopting the photo-alignment technology for both the array substrate and the color filter substrate, the light source (for example, a light source emitting ultraviolet rays) does not contact the liquid crystal panel, so that the defects such as scratches, foreign matters and poor alignment regions can be avoided, the liquid crystal layer 13 can be uniformly aligned, and the display quality can be improved. In addition, by using the advantage of the optical alignment, the liquid crystal molecules 131 in different regions in the pixel can be aligned in different directions, which facilitates the formation of a multi-domain pixel structure.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, an alignment scheme of a 4-domain pixel is shown, in which the extending direction of the scanning line 15 is the row direction of the pixel, the extending direction of the data line 14 is the column direction, the distance of one pixel in the row direction is the period of the UV2A mask of the array substrate, the pixel on the array substrate is divided into left and right parts along the column direction, the left half of the pixel is irradiated to complete the exposure alignment of the left half of the pixel on the array substrate, and then the right half of the pixel on the array substrate is irradiated to complete the exposure of the right half of the pixel on the array substrate, wherein the exposure directions of the left and right parts are opposite, and the exposure direction of the ultraviolet ray is parallel to the extending direction of the data line 14.
Dividing the pixels on the color film substrate into an upper part and a lower part along the row direction by taking the distance of one pixel in the row direction as the period of a UV2A photomask of the color film substrate, irradiating the upper half part of the pixels to complete the exposure alignment of the upper half part of the pixels on the color film substrate, and then irradiating the lower half part of the pixels on the color film substrate to complete the exposure of the lower half part of the pixels on the color film substrate, wherein the exposure directions of the upper part and the lower part are opposite, and the exposure direction of ultraviolet rays is parallel to the extension direction of the scanning line 15.
And (3) attaching the color film substrate and the array substrate formed in the alignment mode to form 4-domain pixel structures with different liquid crystal molecules 131 in each region.
However, the liquid crystal molecules 131 are weak in anchoring ability by using the photoalignment technology, and thus, an afterimage is easily generated when the liquid crystal display displays; the residual image is the contour of the last display picture left when the liquid crystal display displays one picture and then displays other pictures after displaying one picture for a long time. This affects the display quality of the liquid crystal display.
In addition, at the boundary between adjacent regions (domains) in one pixel, an intermediate state between the two regions in the rotational direction is generated at the boundary due to the difference in the rotational direction of the liquid crystal molecules 131 in the adjacent regions, and the transmittance at the boundary is low, thereby generating the dark streaks 18. As shown in fig. 1, for the 4-domain pixel structure formed by photo-alignment, a unique swastika dark fringe 18 is formed, which affects the light transmittance of the display panel 1.
Therefore, the present embodiment provides a display panel 1, an alignment method thereof and a display device, so as to solve the above technical problems, improve the liquid crystal alignment capability of the display panel 1, improve the display contrast, and improve the light transmittance of the display panel 1.
Example one
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention; fig. 3 is a flow chart of an alignment process of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 4 is another alignment flowchart of a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention; fig. 5a is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel unit according to an embodiment of the invention; fig. 5b is a schematic structural diagram of another pixel unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention; fig. 6 is a partial schematic view of a pixel region of a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention; fig. 7 is a partial schematic view of another pixel region of a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2 to 7, the present embodiment provides a display panel 1, where the display panel 1 includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12, and a liquid crystal layer 13, the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are disposed opposite to each other, and the liquid crystal layer 13 is sandwiched between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12.
The first substrate 11 is an array substrate, and the second substrate 12 is a color film substrate; alternatively, the first substrate 11 is a color filter substrate, and the second substrate 12 is an array substrate. The present embodiment does not limit this.
As shown in fig. 2, a first alignment layer 111 is disposed on a side surface of the first substrate 11 facing the liquid crystal layer 13, and a second alignment layer 121 is disposed on a side surface of the second substrate 12 facing the liquid crystal layer 13, that is, surfaces of opposite inner sides of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are disposed with the first alignment layer 111 and the second alignment layer 121, respectively. By providing the first alignment layer 111 and the second alignment layer 121, the liquid crystal molecules 131 in the liquid crystal molecules 131 are aligned, so that the liquid crystal molecules 131 are aligned, and the display panel 1 displays a picture.
The first alignment layer 111 disposed on the first substrate 11 is a photo-alignment layer, that is, the first alignment layer 111 is formed by photo-alignment, so that the first alignment layer 111 has the advantage of photo-alignment, and can enable the liquid crystal layer 13 to generate uniform alignment, and can align the liquid crystals in different regions in the pixel in different directions, so as to form a multi-domain pixel structure.
The second alignment layer 121 disposed on the second substrate 12 is a rubbing alignment and photo alignment composite layer, that is, the second alignment layer 121 on the second substrate 12 is formed by rubbing alignment and photo alignment, so that the second alignment layer 121 has the advantages of rubbing alignment and photo alignment, the anchoring capability of the second alignment layer 121 to the liquid crystal molecules 131 is strong, and the liquid crystal layer 13 can be uniformly and accurately aligned.
The second alignment layer 121 utilizes rubbing to improve anchoring effect on the liquid crystal molecules 131, and more accurately aligns the liquid crystal molecules 131, and utilizes rubbing to compensate for the defect that poor alignment is easily formed at the microstructure portion of the second substrate 12, thereby improving alignment uniformity.
By arranging the first alignment layer 111 on the first substrate 11, the first alignment layer 111 is a photo-alignment layer, the second alignment layer 121 is arranged on the second substrate 12, and the second alignment layer 121 is a friction alignment and photo-alignment composite layer, so that the display panel 1 forms a multi-domain pixel structure, the anchoring capability of the display panel 1 to the liquid crystal molecules 131 can be improved, the alignment capability of the liquid crystal molecules 131 is improved, the alignment stability and uniformity are improved, the display contrast of the display panel 1 is improved, and the display effect of the display panel 1 is improved.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, two alignment flow charts of the display panel 1 are shown. The display panel 1 is provided with a plurality of data lines 14 and a plurality of scan lines 15, and in particular, the data lines 14 and the scan lines 15 may be provided on the array substrate. The plurality of data lines 14 are arranged in parallel at intervals, the plurality of scan lines 15 are also arranged in parallel at intervals, and the data lines 14 and the scan lines 15 are perpendicular to each other.
The plurality of data lines 14 and the plurality of scan lines 15 divide the pixel region of the display panel 1 into a plurality of pixel units 16 arranged in an array, and the pitches between the adjacent data lines 14 and the adjacent scan lines 15 may be equal, so that the areas of the pixel units 16 formed in this way are the same.
In this embodiment, the first alignment layer 111 on the first substrate 11 is aligned along a first direction, the second alignment layer 121 on the second substrate 12 is aligned along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the second direction is rubbing-aligned and photo-aligned, so that the liquid crystal layer 13 is aligned, and the liquid crystal molecules 131 are tilted along a design direction after alignment, so that the liquid crystal molecules 131 have a pre-tilt angle. When an electric field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules 131 can tilt in the same direction, and the response speed of the display panel 1 can be increased.
The alignment directions of the photo-alignment and the rubbing-alignment of the second alignment layer 121 may be the same. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, since the rubbing alignment is to form an alignment channel on the second alignment layer 121, the alignment direction during the rubbing alignment is single, i.e. the extending direction of the alignment channel.
In this embodiment, the alignment direction of the photo-alignment of the second alignment layer 121 is the same as the alignment direction of the rubbing alignment, that is, both the photo-alignment direction and the rubbing alignment direction are the second direction, so that the photo-alignment can compensate for the inaccurate determination of the alignment direction at the microstructure portion of the second substrate 12 during the rubbing alignment, which can further improve the alignment accuracy and the alignment uniformity of the liquid crystal molecules 131.
In one possible embodiment, the second alignment layer 121 may be formed by first forming a rubbing alignment layer and then photo-aligning the rubbing alignment layer to form a rubbing alignment and photo-alignment composite layer. In the process of forming the second alignment layer 121, after the alignment film is formed on the second substrate 12, the alignment film may be first rubbed to form a rubbing alignment layer, that is, an alignment channel is first formed on the alignment film by rubbing to align the liquid crystal molecules 131 along the direction of the alignment channel, so as to ensure the alignment accuracy of the liquid crystal molecules 131, and the anchoring force of the alignment channel to the liquid crystal molecules 131 can also enhance the alignment stability.
Further, on the basis of forming the rubbing alignment layer, the rubbing alignment layer is photo-aligned to form the second alignment layer 121. The photo-alignment can further improve the alignment accuracy, compensate for the defect that the rubbing alignment is easy to form poor alignment at the microstructure portion of the second substrate 12, and further improve the alignment uniformity of the liquid crystal molecules 131.
The rubbing alignment film of the second substrate 12 is rubbed to form a rubbing alignment layer, and then photo-alignment is performed on the basis of the rubbing alignment layer to form the second alignment layer 121, so that the alignment uniformity is further improved on the basis of ensuring the alignment stability and accuracy.
In other embodiments, the second alignment layer 121 may also be formed by performing photo-alignment on the alignment layer of the second substrate 12 to form a photo-alignment layer and performing rubbing alignment on the photo-alignment layer. This embodiment is not limited to this.
The first alignment layer 111 of the first substrate 11 is aligned along a first direction, which may be an extending direction of the data line 14 or an extending direction of the scan line 15 in a specific application.
As shown in fig. 3, in one possible embodiment, the alignment direction of the first alignment layer 111 on the first substrate 11 for photo-alignment may be the extending direction of the data line 14. Specifically, when the alignment film on the first substrate 11 is photo-aligned to form the first alignment layer 111, the first substrate 11 is divided into the first exposure region 161 and the second exposure region 162 along the scanning line 15, and the first exposure region 161 and the second exposure region 162 are exposed along the data line 14.
The exposure directions in the first exposure region 161 and the second exposure region 162 are opposite, for example, in the first exposure region 161, exposure is performed from bottom to top (paper surface direction) along the extending direction of the data line 14; in the second exposure region 162, exposure is performed from top to bottom (the paper surface direction) along the direction of the data line 14. Thus, the first alignment layer 111 formed by photo-alignment can control the liquid crystal molecules 131 in the first exposure region 161 and the liquid crystal molecules 131 in the second exposure region 162 to have opposite orientations.
After the first exposure region 161 and the second exposure region 162 of the first substrate 11 are exposed in opposite directions, the alignment film of the second substrate 12 is sequentially rubbing-aligned and photo-aligned, wherein the rubbing direction of the rubbing alignment and the photo-alignment are consistent and opposite to the extending direction of the data line 14, that is, the rubbing direction of the second substrate 12 and the photo-alignment are the extending direction of the scan line 15, for example, the second direction of the second substrate 12 is from left to right (paper direction) alignment along the scan line 15.
As shown in fig. 3, after the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are aligned, the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are bonded in a pair, wherein the first alignment layer 111 of the first substrate 11 and the second alignment layer 121 of the second substrate 12 are located on opposite inner sides of the first substrate and the second substrate, so that a 2-domain pixel unit 16 can be formed, two domains of the pixel unit 16 correspond to the first exposure region 161 and the second exposure region 162, respectively, and the liquid crystal molecules 131 are obliquely oriented along different angles in the two domains.
The areas of the first exposure region 161 and the second exposure region 162 may be equal, so that the area of each domain in the 2-domain pixel structure formed in the pixel unit 16 is equal, which can ensure that a uniform 2-domain pixel unit 16 is formed. It is understood that in a specific application, more exposure regions may be divided according to actual requirements, and different exposure directions may be adopted for different exposure regions, so as to form more regions with different orientations in the pixel unit 16, i.e. form the multi-domain pixel unit 16. This embodiment does not specifically limit this.
As shown in fig. 4, in another possible embodiment, the alignment direction of the first alignment layer 111 on the first substrate 11 for performing photo-alignment may be the extending direction of the scan line 15. Specifically, when the alignment film on the first substrate 11 is photo-aligned to form the first alignment layer 111, the first substrate 11 is divided into the first exposure region 161 and the second exposure region 162 along the data line 14, and the first exposure region 161 and the second exposure region 162 are respectively exposed along the scan line 15.
Wherein the exposure directions in the first exposure region 161 and the second exposure region 162 are opposite, for example, in the first exposure region 161, the exposure is performed from right to left (paper surface direction) along the direction of the scanning line 15; in the second exposure region 162, exposure is performed from left to right (paper surface direction) along the direction of the scanning line 15 so that the liquid crystal molecules 131 in the first exposure region 161 and in the second exposure region 162 have opposite orientations.
Similarly, after the first alignment layer 111 is formed by performing photo-alignment on the first substrate 11, the second substrate 12 is sequentially subjected to rubbing and photo-alignment, the rubbing and photo-alignment directions of the second substrate 12 are the extension directions of the data lines 14, for example, the second direction of the second substrate 12 is from bottom to top along the data lines 14. After that, the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are bonded in a pair.
This also enables the formation of a 2-domain pixel unit 16, and both modes have the same effect, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, unlike the former mode, in which two domains are arranged up and down in the pixel unit 16, and two domains are arranged left and right in the pixel unit 16 formed in the former mode.
In the alignment mode shown in fig. 4, the areas of the first exposure region 161 and the second exposure region 162 may also be equal, and further, more exposure regions may be divided according to actual requirements, and different exposure directions are adopted for different exposure regions to form the multi-domain pixel unit 16, which is not described herein again.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, the first alignment layer 111 is formed by performing photo-alignment on the alignment film of the first substrate 11, the second alignment layer 121 is formed by performing rubbing alignment and photo-alignment on the alignment film of the second substrate 12, and the pair of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 is attached to form the 2-domain pixel unit 16. Compared with the optical alignment of the color filter substrate and the array substrate shown in fig. 1, the dark stripes 18 formed in the pixel units 16 of this embodiment occupy less area, and can improve the light transmittance of the pixel units 16, thereby improving the light transmittance of the display panel 1 and improving the display effect of the display panel 1.
In the present embodiment, a storage capacitance line 17 parallel to the scanning line 15 is further disposed in the pixel unit 16, as shown in fig. 5a, for the pixel unit 16 formed by the alignment in fig. 4, the storage capacitance line 17 may be located between the first exposure region 161 and the second exposure region 162, for example, the storage capacitance line 17 is located at 1/2 of the data line 14 in the pixel unit 16, that is, the storage capacitance line 17 is located at the middle position of the scanning line 15 on both sides of the pixel unit 16.
In order to further increase the transmittance of the pixel unit 16, as shown in fig. 5b, in some embodiments, the position of the storage capacitor line 17 may be designed such that the storage capacitor line 17 covers at least a part of the area where the dark stripe 18 is located. Since the storage capacitance lines 17 are parallel to the scan lines 15, the dark stripes 18 parallel to the scan lines 15 can be covered by the storage capacitance lines 17, which can further reduce the area of the dark stripes 18 formed in the pixel units 16, increase the aperture ratio of the pixel units 16, increase the light transmittance of the display panel 1, and further improve the display effect of the display panel 1.
The dark fringe 18 region in the pixel unit 16 is formed by rotating the liquid crystal molecules 131 with different orientations in the adjacent regions, which is not described herein again.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the first alignment layer 111 is formed by performing photo-alignment on the first substrate 11, the second alignment layer 121 is formed by performing rubbing alignment and photo-alignment on the second substrate 12, and after the pair of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 is attached, the 2-domain pixel unit 16 is formed on the display panel 1.
In order to form a 4-domain display effect for the pixel unit 16 and improve the color shift phenomenon of the display panel 1, in one possible embodiment, the scan line 15 may include a first scan line 151 and a second scan line 152, a first transistor 191 and a second transistor 192 may be disposed on the first scan line 151, and the first transistor 191 and the second transistor 192 are respectively connected to two pixel units 16 at two sides of the scan line 15; the second scan line 152 is provided with a third transistor 193, the third transistor 193 is connected to the drain 19c of the first transistor 191 or the second transistor 192, and the third transistor 193 is connected to one of the two pixel units 16 on both sides of the scan line 15.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, in the display panel 1 formed by the alignment method in fig. 3 and 4, the scanning line 15 provided between the two pixel units 16 adjacent to each other in the up-down direction includes the first scanning line 151 and the second scanning line 152 adjacent to each other, the first scanning line 151 is used as the common scanning line 15 for the two pixel units 16 in the up-down direction, the first scanning line 151 is provided with the first transistor 191 and the second transistor 192, and the first transistor 191 and the second transistor 192 are connected to the two pixel units 16, respectively, to control the two pixel units 16.
The first transistor 191 and the second transistor 192 each include a gate and an active island, a gate signal is provided by the common scanning line 15, the active island includes a source 19a, a drain 19c, and a semiconductor layer 19b connecting the source 19a and the drain 19c, the source signals of the first transistor 191 and the second transistor 192 are provided by the source 19a connected to the common data line 14, and the drains 19c of the first transistor 191 and the second transistor 192 are respectively connected to the pixel electrodes 163 of the pixel units 16 on both sides through the vias 164.
Since the first transistor 191 and the second transistor 192 are supplied with gate signals from the common first scan line 151, potential signals of the first transistor 191 and the second transistor 192 to the two pixel units 16 are the same, and normally, the shading degrees of the two pixel units 16 are the same.
In order to make the upper and lower pixel units 16 have different light and shade degrees and make the upper and lower pixel units 16 form a 4-domain display effect, in this embodiment, a third transistor 193 is further disposed on the second scan line 152. The third transistor 193 is controlled by one of the first transistor 191 and the second transistor 192, i.e., the source 19a signal of the third transistor 193 is provided by the drain 19c of the first transistor 191 or the second transistor 192, and the drain 19c of the third transistor 193 is connected to one of the two pixel units 16.
For example, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the source 19a of the third transistor 193 is connected to the drain 19c of the second transistor 192, and the drain 19c of the third transistor 193 is connected to the pixel unit 16 located below of the two pixel units 16. After the first transistor 191 and the second transistor 192 are controlled by the gate signal provided by the first scan line 151 to charge the pixel electrodes 163 of the upper and lower two pixel units 16, the first transistor 191 and the second transistor 192 are turned off, and the third transistor 193 is controlled by the gate signal provided by the second scan line 152 to charge the pixel unit 16 located below the two pixel units 16, so as to pull down the potential of the pixel unit 16 below.
In this way, in the two upper and lower pixel units 16, the upper pixel unit 16 can be formed as a bright pixel, and the lower pixel unit 16 can be formed as a dark pixel, so that the 4-domain display effect can be formed by the cooperation of the rotation of the liquid crystal in the pixel unit 16.
In the display panel provided in this embodiment, a first alignment layer and a second alignment layer are respectively disposed on opposite inner sides of a first substrate and a second substrate of the display panel, where the first alignment layer is a photo-alignment layer, and the second alignment layer is a rubbing alignment and photo-alignment composite layer; the first alignment layer of the first substrate is set as the optical alignment layer, so that liquid crystal molecules in different areas in the pixel unit can be aligned in different directions, and a multi-domain pixel structure is formed conveniently; the second alignment layer of the second substrate is arranged into a friction alignment and photo-alignment composite layer, so that the anchoring capacity of the friction alignment to liquid crystal molecules is strong, and the photo-alignment can make up for the defect that poor alignment is easily formed at the part of the substrate with the microstructure through the friction alignment; by arranging the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer, the alignment capability of liquid crystal molecules can be effectively improved, the display contrast of the display panel is improved, and the display quality of the display device is improved.
Example two
Fig. 8 is a flowchart of an alignment method of a display panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention; fig. 9 is a flow chart illustrating alignment of the second substrate according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8 and fig. 9, the present embodiment provides an alignment method for a display panel, and the alignment method provided in the present embodiment is used for aligning the display panel described in the first embodiment.
The display panel comprises a first substrate and a second substrate which are oppositely arranged, and a liquid crystal layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate. In specific application, the first substrate is an array substrate, and the second substrate is a color film substrate; or, the first substrate is a color film substrate, and the second substrate is an array substrate. And will not be described in detail herein.
As shown in fig. 8, specifically, the alignment method includes:
and S100, forming alignment films on the side of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer and the side of the second substrate facing the liquid crystal layer respectively. Firstly, an alignment film is formed on one side of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, an alignment film is formed on one side of the second substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, and then the alignment film is further processed to align liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer.
In a specific application, the alignment films may be coated on any one side surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate, and when the first substrate and the second substrate are combined and bonded, the side surfaces coated with the alignment films may be arranged oppositely.
In addition, the material of the alignment film is not limited in this embodiment, and the alignment films coated on the first substrate and the second substrate may be the same alignment film or different alignment films. It is understood that, in combination with the subsequent processing of the alignment films of both, the alignment film on the first substrate should be an alignment film suitable for photoalignment, and the alignment film on the second substrate should be an alignment film suitable for both rubbing and photoalignment.
S200, performing photo-alignment on the alignment film of the first substrate to form a first alignment layer.
Specifically, as described in the first embodiment, in the opening region of the pixel unit, the first substrate may be divided into the first exposure region and the second exposure region along the scan line, and the first exposure region and the second exposure region are exposed along the data line, and the first exposure region and the second exposure region have opposite exposure directions,
Or, the first substrate is divided into a first exposure area and a second exposure area along the data line, exposure is carried out in the first exposure area and the second exposure area along the scanning line, and the exposure directions of the first exposure area and the second exposure area are opposite.
In a specific application, the areas of the first exposure region and the second exposure region may be equal.
And S300, performing rubbing alignment and photo-alignment on the alignment film of the second substrate to form a second alignment layer.
In the opening region of the pixel unit, rubbing alignment and photo-alignment are performed on the alignment film of the second substrate, wherein the rubbing alignment direction and the photo-alignment direction can be the same, so as to ensure formation of the second alignment layer with accurate and uniform alignment.
It is to be understood that the alignment direction in which the second substrate is aligned to form the second alignment layer and the alignment direction in which the first substrate is aligned are perpendicular to each other. For example, the alignment direction of the first substrate is the extension direction of the data line, and the alignment direction of the second substrate is the extension direction of the scan line; if the alignment direction of the first substrate is the extension direction of the scan line, the alignment direction of the second substrate is the extension direction of the data line.
In addition, it is understood that, in the embodiment, the alignment film of the first substrate may be processed to form the first alignment layer, and then the alignment film of the second substrate may be processed to form the second alignment layer; or the alignment film of the second substrate may be processed first, and then the alignment film of the first substrate may be processed. That is, the sequence of S200 and S300 is not limited.
As shown in fig. 9, in a possible embodiment, rubbing and photo-aligning the alignment film of the second substrate to form the second alignment layer may specifically include:
s310, performing friction alignment on the alignment film of the second substrate to form a friction alignment layer;
and S320, performing photo-alignment on the rubbing alignment layer to form a second alignment layer.
That is, in the specific implementation, the rubbing alignment layer with the alignment channel is formed by rubbing the alignment film of the second substrate, and then the final second alignment layer is formed by continuously performing photo-alignment on the rubbing alignment layer.
Therefore, the alignment channel is formed by rubbing alignment, so that the liquid crystal molecules are aligned along the direction of the alignment channel, the alignment accuracy of the liquid crystal molecules is ensured, and the alignment stability can be enhanced by the anchoring force of the alignment channel to the liquid crystal molecules.
Further, on the basis of forming the rubbing alignment layer, the rubbing alignment layer is photo-aligned to form a second alignment layer. The photo-alignment can further improve the alignment accuracy, make up for the defect that the rubbing alignment is easy to form poor alignment at the microstructure part of the second substrate, and further improve the alignment uniformity of the liquid crystal molecules.
In the alignment method of the display panel provided in this embodiment, the alignment films are respectively formed on the opposite inner sides of the first substrate and the second substrate, and the alignment film of the first substrate is photo-aligned to form the first alignment layer, so that liquid crystal molecules in different regions in the pixel unit can be aligned in different directions, thereby facilitating the formation of a multi-domain pixel structure; the rubbing alignment film of the second substrate is subjected to rubbing alignment and photo-alignment to form a second alignment layer, the anchoring capability of the rubbing alignment on liquid crystal molecules is strong, and the photo-alignment can make up for the defect that poor alignment is easily formed at the part of the substrate with the microstructure through the rubbing alignment; by arranging the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer, the alignment capability of liquid crystal molecules can be effectively improved, the display contrast of the display panel is improved, and the display quality of the display device is improved.
EXAMPLE III
The present embodiment provides a display device, which includes the display panel described in the first embodiment.
The display panel comprises a first substrate and a second substrate which are oppositely arranged, and a liquid crystal layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate is an array substrate, the second substrate is a color film substrate, or the first substrate is a color film substrate, and the second substrate is an array substrate.
A first alignment layer is arranged on one side of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, and a second alignment layer is arranged on one side of the second substrate facing the liquid crystal layer; the first alignment layer is a photo-alignment layer, and can align liquid crystal molecules in different areas in the pixel unit in different directions, so that a multi-domain pixel structure is formed conveniently; the second alignment layer is a friction alignment and photo-alignment composite layer, the anchoring capability of the friction alignment to liquid crystal molecules is strong, and the photo-alignment can make up for the defect that poor alignment is easily formed at the position of the substrate with the microstructure by the friction alignment; by arranging the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer, the alignment capability of liquid crystal molecules can be effectively improved, the display contrast of the display panel is improved, and the display quality of the display device is improved.
The structure, function and operation principle of the display panel are described in detail in one embodiment, and are not described herein again.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A display panel comprises a first substrate and a second substrate which are oppositely arranged, and a liquid crystal layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, and is characterized by further comprising a first alignment layer and a second alignment layer, wherein the first alignment layer is arranged on one side of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, and the second alignment layer is arranged on one side of the second substrate facing the liquid crystal layer; the first alignment layer is a photo-alignment layer, and the second alignment layer is a rubbing alignment and photo-alignment composite layer.
2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the alignment directions of the photo-alignment and the rubbing-alignment of the second alignment layer are uniform; and in the second alignment layer, a friction alignment layer is formed first, and then the friction alignment layer is photo-aligned to form a friction alignment and photo-alignment composite layer.
3. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein the first alignment layer is aligned in a first direction, and the second alignment layer is aligned in a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction;
the display panel is divided into a plurality of pixel units which are arranged in an array by a plurality of data lines which are spaced in parallel and a plurality of scanning lines which are spaced in parallel and perpendicular to the data lines, and the first direction is the extending direction of the data lines or the extending direction of the scanning lines.
4. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein in the opening area of the pixel unit, the first substrate is divided into a first exposure area and a second exposure area along the scanning line, and the first exposure area and the second exposure area are exposed along the data line in opposite directions;
or the first substrate is divided into a first exposure area and a second exposure area along the data line, exposure is carried out in the first exposure area and the second exposure area along the scanning line, and the exposure directions of the first exposure area and the second exposure area are opposite.
5. The display panel according to claim 4, wherein the first exposure region and the second exposure region are equal in area.
6. The display panel according to claim 4, wherein a storage capacitance line is provided in the pixel unit in parallel with the scan line, and the storage capacitance line covers at least a part of a dark stripe formed by liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer.
7. The display panel according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the scan line includes a first scan line on which a first transistor and a second transistor are provided, the first transistor and the second transistor being connected to two of the pixel units on both sides of the scan line, respectively;
and a third transistor is arranged on the second scanning line, the third transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the first transistor or the second transistor, and the third transistor is connected with one of the two pixel units at two sides of the scanning line.
8. An alignment method of a display panel, the display panel comprising a first substrate and a second substrate which are oppositely arranged, and a liquid crystal layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, the method comprising:
forming alignment films on a side of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer and a side of the second substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, respectively;
performing photo-alignment on the alignment film of the first substrate to form a first alignment layer;
and rubbing and photo-aligning the alignment film of the second substrate to form a second alignment layer.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein rubbing and photo-aligning the alignment film of the second substrate to form a second alignment layer comprises:
rubbing and aligning the alignment film of the second substrate to form a rubbing and aligning layer;
and carrying out photo-alignment on the rubbing alignment layer to form a second alignment layer.
10. A display device characterized by comprising the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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