CN111374803A - A protective structure for protecting human femoral head from pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a protective structure for protecting a femoral head to bear pressure, which comprises a protective cover, wherein the protective cover is of a similar hemispherical structure with the shape and size similar to those of a human femoral head and is used for being sleeved on the femoral head at the proximal end of the femur, the spherical surface at the outer side is matched with the inner surface or cartilage surface of an acetabulum of a human body so as to reduce the damage to the joint surface of the acetabulum, the edge of the protective cover extends, the inner side of the opening end of the protective cover reaches the upper part of a small tuberosity through a femoral neck and is supported by the small tuberosity, the outer side of the opening end of the protective cover extends to a saddle part of the large tuberosity and is similar to the shape of the large tuberosity at the proximal end of the femur so as to straddle the saddle part of the large tuberosity. The support structure aims to solve the problems that the existing support structures are not matched with and matched with the necrotic area of the femoral head in shape, so that the local area of the support is insufficient, the strength is inconsistent, and partial necrotic area cannot be effectively supported, thereby influencing the treatment effect. Belongs to the technical field of femoral head repair.

Description

A protective structure for protecting human femoral head from pressure

technical field

The invention provides a femoral head protection structure, which belongs to the field of femoral head lesion protection and repair.

Background technique

The early and middle stages of femoral head necrosis, including traumatic and non-traumatic, are mainly manifested as crescent-shaped and semi-circular cystic changes due to local blood circulation disorders and necrosis, which reduce local strength and cannot withstand the support of the human body. Subchondral microfractures and local collapse gradually appear, making the spherical femoral head uneven and smooth, losing the match with the acetabulum, and eventually causing articular cartilage wear and tear. In this series of changes, the patient will appear Pain and dysfunction. The main purpose of early and mid-term surgical treatment is to keep the femoral head from collapsing and deforming; common methods include: 1) decompression of the medullary heart; 2) various filling defects and supporting local strength, such as using vascularized/non-vascularized Fibula, iliac bone block and large trochanteric bone block, etc., or a finished product made of tantalum metal, tantalum rods or rods are used for support, and it is expected that after implantation into the necrosis area of the femoral head, the implanted material will be able to match the surrounding bone. They grow together and fuse together to stop the progression of the disease or achieve a cure.

The current understanding is that medullary decompression can relieve the disease, but it has no supporting effect and cannot prevent the progression and deterioration of the disease. However, the current bone implants or tantalum metal products have certain limitations and certain complications. The common disadvantages are incomplete and inaccurate local filling, insufficient support strength, etc., which lead to the continued aggravation of lesions in some patients, mainly collapse, and finally only to accept artificial hip replacement. Because the tantalum rods or autologous/allogeneic fibula that can provide relatively strong support currently have inherent structures, they do not match or match the shape of the necrotic area of the femoral head, resulting in insufficient local area of support and inconsistent strength, and some necrotic areas cannot be effectively used. support, affecting the therapeutic effect.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a protective structure for protecting the femoral head from being under pressure, to mechanically protect the femoral head when pathological changes or damage occur, so as to solve the lack of supporting force in the early and middle stages of the existing femoral head necrosis, The support method is unreasonable. The existing support structures all have inherent structures, which do not match or match the shape of the necrotic area of the femoral head, resulting in insufficient support area and inconsistent strength. Part of the necrotic area cannot be effectively supported and collapses, which affects the treatment. question of effect.

In order to solve the above problems, it is proposed to adopt such a protective structure to protect the femoral head from pressure, including a protective cover. On the bone, the lateral spherical surface matches the inner surface or cartilage surface of the human acetabulum to reduce damage to the acetabular articular surface, the edge is extended, the medial side of the open end of the shield passes through the femoral neck to above the lesser trochanter and is supported by the lesser trochanter, protecting The outer side of the open end of the shield extends to the saddle of the greater trochanter, which is similar to the shape of the greater trochanter at the proximal end of the femur, so as to ride on the saddle of the greater trochanter and withstand pressure. The front and rear of the open end of the shield extend to the intertrochanteric line, All of the above-mentioned extension structures can be driven into screws as required.

In the aforementioned protective structure, the protective cover is made of materials such as metal or plastic that meet the standards of medical human implant materials. The lower section of the protective cover is provided with 4-6 screw holes, which are locking screw holes, and the protective cover is fixed through the screw holes. On the proximal femur, the force borne by the hip joint is directly transmitted to the upper side of the proximal femur through the shield 1, reducing or eliminating the force on the weight-bearing surface of the femoral head, thereby protecting the damaged area of the femoral head from being compressed and collapsing. The protective cover forms a joint with the acetabulum to facilitate a certain degree of mobility of the lower limbs.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention designs a protective cover with a fitting sleeve fixed on the proximal femur, through the use of the protective cover, the force of the femoral head can be transmitted to the femur at the proximal end of the femur, thereby reducing Or prevent the femoral head necrosis area or the damaged area from being greatly compressed, resulting in collapse; let the femoral head necrosis area be repaired for a certain period of time, effectively prevent the femoral head from collapsing, and prevent the progression of the disease.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the description of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example

1, the present embodiment provides a protective structure for protecting the femoral head from pressure, including a protective cover 1. The protective cover 1 is a hemispherical structure similar in shape and size to the femoral head of a human body, and is used to sleeve the proximal femur. On the femoral head, the lateral spherical surface matches the inner surface or cartilage surface of the human acetabulum to reduce damage to the articular surface of the acetabulum, the edge is extended, the medial side of the open end of shield 1 passes through the femoral neck to above the lesser trochanter and through the lesser trochanteric tray Hold, the outer side of the open end of the shield 1 extends to the saddle of the greater trochanter, which is similar to the shape of the greater trochanter at the proximal end of the femur, so as to ride on the saddle of the greater trochanter to withstand pressure, and the front and back of the open end of the shield 1 extend to the thickness of the greater trochanter. At the ridge line, the above extension structures can be driven into screws as required

The protective cover is made of materials such as metal or plastic that meet the medical human implant material standards. The lower section of the protective cover is provided with 4-6 screw holes, which are locking screw holes, and the protective cover is fixed on the proximal femur by screws. The force borne by the hip joint is directly transmitted to the upper side of the proximal femur through the protective cover 1, thereby reducing or eliminating the force on the weight-bearing surface of the femoral head, thereby protecting the damaged area of the femoral head from being compressed and collapsing. The protective cover forms a joint with the acetabulum to facilitate a certain degree of mobility of the lower limbs.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the present invention. within the scope of protection of inventions.

Claims (2)

1. a protective structure for protecting the femoral head of a human body from being under pressure, is characterized in that: comprising a protective cover (1), the protective cover (1) is a hemispherical structure similar to the shape and size of the femoral head of the human body, and is used for being sleeved on the femoral head. On the femoral head at the proximal end of the femur, the outer spherical surface matches the inner surface or cartilage surface of the human acetabulum, so as to form an articular surface with the acetabulum and reduce the damage to the cartilage surface of the acetabulum, the edge is extended, the inner side of the open end of the shield (1) After passing through the neck of the femur to the top of the lesser trochanter and being supported by the lesser trochanter, the outer side of the open end of the shield (1) extends to the saddle of the greater trochanter, which is similar in shape to the greater trochanter at the proximal end of the femur, so as to ride on the greater trochanter. In the saddle, the front and rear of the open end of the shield (1) extend to the intertrochanteric line. 2. a kind of protective structure for protecting human femoral head to withstand pressure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: protective cover (1) is made of metal material or plastic that meets medical human body implant material standard, protective cover (1) The lower extension of the ) is provided with 4-6 screw holes (11), which are locking screw holes, and are fixed on the proximal femur by screws.

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