CN111336526A - A multi-electrode plasma melting furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-electrode plasma melting furnace, comprising a furnace body, a melting pool is arranged in the furnace body, the melting pool includes at least two isolated heating zones arranged in a straight line, the bottoms of the heating zones are communicated with each other, and each heating zone is At least one plasma torch is correspondingly arranged on the area, and each plasma torch is arranged along the radial direction of the melting pool. The furnace body is provided with a feeding port and a molten liquid discharge port. A discharge device is detachably connected to the material port, and a flue gas hole is arranged at the top of the end heating zone. A rectangular melting pool and two or more plasma torches are used. There is a partition wall between the plasma torches, which can more effectively control the melting and vitrification of fly ash. In addition, the detachable electric heating liquid glass discharge device has a simple structure and a high degree of modularity, which reduces the cost of equipment manufacturing and maintenance.

Description

A multi-electrode plasma melting furnace

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of harmless treatment of solid waste, in particular to a multi-electrode plasma melting furnace and a treatment method.

Background technique

At present, the annual processing volume of domestic waste in my country is more than 200 million tons, nearly 50% of which are treated by incineration power generation. The amount of fly ash processed reaches more than 4 million tons.

Incineration fly ash, as a hazardous waste, has high content of dioxins and heavy metals, and its treatment technology has received extensive attention. At present, the main method of treatment is to chelate and stabilize fly ash and put it into a safe landfill for disposal of hazardous waste. This treatment method is costly and requires a lot of land resources, and cannot fundamentally solve the problem. Therefore, it is necessary to find a solution that can reduce the volume of ash , The technology that effectively removes toxicity and makes the treated product reusable has become an urgent task.

The plasma high-temperature melting technology is to melt the waste incineration fly ash into a liquid state at a high temperature above 1300 °C, and then process the liquid slag through air cooling or water quenching to produce glassy slag, dioxins and other organic compounds in the fly ash. The pollutants are destroyed by thermal decomposition, and the heavy metals in the fly ash are effectively dissolved in the glassy slag. After the incineration fly ash is melted, the density is greatly increased, the volume reduction can reach more than 2/3, and the stable slag can be used as roadbed and other building materials to achieve the purpose of effective utilization.

However, the complex structure of the plasma melting furnace body, poor stability, high power consumption, high operation and maintenance costs and other problems have seriously hindered the popularization and application of this technology. It can be seen that it is necessary to provide a performance for fly ash disposal. Plasma melting furnace with stable, high energy efficiency and low operating cost to solve the above technical problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-electrode plasma melting furnace to solve the above-mentioned problems in the background art.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A multi-electrode plasma melting furnace, comprising a furnace body, a melting pool is arranged in the furnace body, the melting pool includes at least two isolated heating zones arranged in a straight line, the bottoms of each heating zone are connected with each other, and correspondingly arranged on each heating zone There is at least one plasma torch, each plasma torch is arranged along the radial direction of the melting pool, the furnace body is provided with a feeding port and a molten liquid discharge port, the feeding port is connected with a feeding device, and the molten liquid discharge port is detachable A discharge device is connected, and a flue gas hole is arranged at the top of the end heating zone.

Preferably, the melting pool has a rectangular structure, and the plasma torch is located at the top of the heating zone and is arranged along the length of the melting pool.

Preferably, the melting pool is divided into at least two heating zones by a partition wall, a melt channel is formed between the bottom of the partition wall and the bottom surface of the melting pool, the melt passes through the melt channel, and the bottom of the partition wall is connected to the melt channel. There is a gap between the liquids.

Preferably, the height of the gap is 50 mm to 300 mm.

Preferably, the molten liquid outlet is located below the molten liquid level, and its top surface is at least 6 mm lower than the molten liquid level.

Preferably, an electric heating rod is provided on the molten liquid discharge port. Avoid solidification of the molten glass before it flows out of the plasma melting furnace.

Preferably, the furnace body includes refractory bricks, an outer casing is provided on the outside of the refractory bricks, and a thermal insulation material is filled between the outer casing and the outer wall of the refractory bricks.

Preferably, the furnace body includes a lower cavity and a top cover disposed above the lower cavity.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The invention provides a multi-electrode plasma melting furnace, which uses a rectangular melting pool and two or more plasma torches, and there is a partition wall between the plasma torches, which can more effectively control the heating process of fly ash melting and vitrification, improve thermal efficiency, and reduce two In addition, the detachable electric heating glass liquid discharge device has a simple structure and a high degree of modularity, which reduces the cost of equipment manufacturing and maintenance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to Figure 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution:

A multi-electrode plasma melting furnace includes a furnace body 100, a melting pool is arranged in the furnace body, the melting pool includes two isolated heating zones arranged in a straight line, the bottoms of the two heating zones are connected with each other, and the two heating zones are respectively corresponding to each other. A first plasma torch 120 and a second plasma torch 121 are provided, the furnace body is provided with a feed port and a melt discharge port 116, the feed port is connected with a feeding device 130, and the melt discharge port is detachably connected There is a discharging device 118, and the top of the end heating zone is provided with a flue gas hole; the furnace body is sequentially composed of refractory bricks, thermal insulation materials and a casing 110 from the inside to the outside; specifically, the outside of the refractory bricks is provided with a casing, and the casing A heat insulating material 113 is filled between the furnace body and the outer wall of the refractory brick. The furnace body includes a lower cavity 112 and a top cover 111 arranged above the lower cavity. The lower cavity forms the melting pool. The split structure is convenient for installation and maintenance. ; The feeding port is arranged on the left side of the top cover, and the right side of the lower cavity is provided with a molten liquid discharge port, and the molten liquid discharge port is located below the molten liquid level, and its top surface is at least 6 mm lower than the molten liquid level. Specifically, the melting pool has a rectangular structure, the plasma torch is located at the top of the heating zone, and is arranged along the length direction of the melting pool, and the melting pool is divided into at least two heating zones by the partition wall 115 . A melt channel is formed between the bottom of the partition wall and the bottom surface of the melting pool, the melt passes through the melt channel, and there is a gap between the bottom of the partition wall and the melt level 150, and the height of the gap is 50 mm to 300 mm; The top of the partition wall 115 is tightly installed with the top cover 111 . In order to solve the problem of heat preservation of the molten glass outlet and maintenance of the discharge port, a detachable electric heating discharge device is used, and an electric heating rod 117 is arranged on the discharge port of the molten liquid. The temperature of the feed port can prevent the glass liquid from solidifying before flowing out of the plasma melting furnace.

The working principle of the present application is as follows: the fly ash to be treated is fed into the melting pool from the feeding device 130 , rapidly melted under the heating of the plasma torch 120 , and flows toward the discharging device 118 . The plasma torch 121 further heats the glass liquid to further vitrify and homogenize it to ensure the effective solidification of the heavy metal by the glass body. The partition wall between the plasma torch 120 and the plasma torch 121 separates the heating space and improves the heating efficiency. At the same time, through the control of the feed amount and the power of the plasma torch, the temperature of fly ash melting and vitrification can be effectively controlled, the fly ash vitrification process can be controlled, and the melting and disposal efficiency can be improved. At the same time, the configuration of different melting pool sizes and plasma torch power enables the melting furnace of this example to adapt to the daily fly ash processing capacity from several tons to 100 tons; secondly, the plasma torch 120 provides heat for the melting of the fly ash, and the generated smoke The gas enters the space on the right through the gap between the partition wall 115 and the molten glass 150, and is mixed with the flue gas generated by the plasma torch 121 and then discharged from the flue gas hole 114 into the subsequent processing system. The dust removal of gas effectively reduces the secondary fly ash produced by the vitrification process.

This example also adds a water jet cooling and discharging device 140 that can rapidly cool and solidify the glass liquid. The cold water sprayed by the cooling water nozzle 141 quickly cools and solidifies the glass liquid to obtain an inert glass body that can effectively solidify heavy metals, which is fed into the glass body. In the storage device 142, the steam generated by cooling can be used for subsequent waste heat utilization through the waste heat steam recovery system.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention and modifications, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. a multi-electrode plasma melting furnace is characterized in that: comprise furnace body, described furnace body is provided with melting pool, and described melting pool comprises at least two isolation heating zones arranged in a straight line, and the bottom of each heating zone is communicated with each other, At least one plasma torch is correspondingly arranged on each heating zone, and each plasma torch is arranged radially along the melting pool. The liquid discharge port is detachably connected with a discharge device, and the top of the end heating zone is provided with a flue gas hole. 2 . The multi-electrode plasma melting furnace according to claim 1 , wherein the melting pool has a rectangular structure, and the plasma torches are located at the top of the heating zone and are arranged along the length of the melting pool. 3 . 3. a kind of multi-electrode plasma melting furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described melting pool is separated into at least two described heating zones by partition wall, and between the bottom of partition wall and melting pool bottom surface, form melting. A liquid channel through which the molten liquid passes, and a gap exists between the bottom of the partition wall and the molten liquid. 4 . The multi-electrode plasma melting furnace according to claim 3 , wherein the height of the gap is 50 mm to 300 mm. 5 . 5 . The multi-electrode plasma melting furnace according to claim 1 , wherein the molten liquid discharge port is located below the molten liquid level, and its top surface is at least 6 mm lower than the molten liquid level. 6 . 6 . The multi-electrode plasma melting furnace according to claim 1 , wherein an electric heating rod is arranged on the molten liquid discharge port. 7 . 7 . The multi-electrode plasma melting furnace according to claim 1 , wherein the furnace body comprises refractory bricks, an outer casing is provided on the outside of the refractory bricks, and the outer wall of the refractory bricks is filled with the outer casing. 8 . There is insulation material. 8 . The multi-electrode plasma melting furnace according to claim 1 , wherein the furnace body comprises a lower cavity and a top cover arranged above the lower cavity. 9 .

Images