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CN111313650B - A permanent magnet coupler with variable magnet position and variable speed - Google Patents

A permanent magnet coupler with variable magnet position and variable speed Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111313650B
CN111313650B CN201911363664.3A CN201911363664A CN111313650B CN 111313650 B CN111313650 B CN 111313650B CN 201911363664 A CN201911363664 A CN 201911363664A CN 111313650 B CN111313650 B CN 111313650B
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China
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
rotor
conductor
disk
disc
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CN111313650A (en
Inventor
侯震
苏晓辉
郭亮
王辉
胡振国
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Datang Linzhou Thermoelectricity Co ltd
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Datang Linzhou Thermoelectricity Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K49/00Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
    • H02K49/10Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
    • H02K49/104Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element
    • H02K49/108Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element with an axial air gap

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dynamo-Electric Clutches, Dynamo-Electric Brakes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a permanent magnet coupler capable of changing the position and speed of a magnet, and relates to the technical field of permanent magnet eddy current transmission. The permanent magnet coupler comprises a permanent magnet rotor assembly arranged at the load end of the permanent magnet coupler, wherein the permanent magnet rotor assembly is positioned between a first conductor disc and a second conductor disc, the permanent magnet rotor assembly comprises a first rotor disc and a second rotor disc which are coaxially matched relatively, a coaxial gear ring and a plurality of gear assemblies meshed with the gear ring are arranged in the first rotor disc and the second rotor disc. The invention changes the radial position of the magnet, which is equivalent to changing the action radius of the magnetic field, thereby changing the transmission torque and the output rotating speed, being convenient and quick to adjust, having strong application adaptability and being beneficial to popularization and application of the variable speed permanent magnet coupler.

Description

Permanent magnet coupler capable of changing magnet position and speed
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of permanent magnet eddy current transmission, and particularly relates to a permanent magnet coupler capable of changing the position of a magnet and speed.
Background
The permanent magnetic coupler is a novel transmission device for realizing non-contact transmission of force or torque by utilizing magnetic field acting force. The device has the advantages of stable performance, no higher harmonic pollution, no electromagnetic interference and the like.
The motor can be arranged between a motor and a load to realize soft start of the motor, and the motor coil is not burnt out due to overload. In the aspect of materials, neodymium iron boron permanent magnet materials with better performance are adopted as magnetic sources, so that the transmission power is greatly improved. However, the permanent magnetic material with high magnetic energy product has relatively high price, which results in relatively high cost of the permanent magnetic coupler, so that the variable speed disk magnetic coupler needs to be designed and optimized. And a stronger magnetic field is realized by using fewer materials, so that torque as large as possible is transmitted, and the optimal cost performance is realized.
The working principle of the speed-changing disc type permanent magnet coupler is that the structure of a master magnetic rotor and a slave magnetic rotor of the speed-changing disc type permanent magnet magnetic coupler. The active rotor is embedded with permanent magnets, and the permanent magnet material is neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material with high magnetic energy product. The permanent magnets are magnetized axially and N, S poles are arranged alternately. And slotting on the driven rotor, embedding copper strips, and wrapping the edge contact part by using a thin ring copper sheet. The driving rotor and the driven rotor of the coupler are not contacted, and a certain air gap exists. When the motor drives the active rotor to rotate, the copper bar conductor cuts magnetic force lines, closed induction current can be generated on the copper bar conductor, and an induction magnetic field generated by the induction current is mutually coupled with a permanent magnetic field to generate interaction force so as to generate torque. When the air gap size changes, the interaction force of the driving rotor and the driven rotor changes, and as a result, the slip and the transmitted torque change. The air gap is smaller, the air gap magnetic density is increased, the acting force is increased, the slip is smaller, the air gap is increased, the air gap magnetic density is reduced, the acting force is reduced, and the slip is larger. The adjustment of the air gap of the prior art is effected by means of a screw drive.
The prior published patent CN 104242598B-permanent magnet speed regulation, braking or loading device capable of regulating coupling magnetic flux comprises a driving disc which is a permanent magnet coupling disc, a driven disc/braking disc which is a magnetic flux switching type permanent magnet disc, or a magnetic flux switching type permanent magnet disc which is used as the driving disc and is used as the driven disc/braking disc, wherein the permanent magnet coupling disc and the magnetic flux switching type permanent magnet disc are of an air gap magnetic field coupling structure, and the permanent magnet coupling disc and the magnetic flux switching type permanent magnet disc can be mutually interchanged in an installation sequence or are mutually driven discs or are mutually interchanged in inner and outer nested positions. The invention is suitable for the technical fields of coupling transmission and load speed regulation, automatic speed changer, braking and braking, rotary load, cutting off/combining power, motor energy saving, household appliances, sealing pumps, petrochemical industry, wind power generation and the like, and is used as a technical scheme for designing and manufacturing a permanent magnet speed regulator, a speed regulating coupling and automatic speed changer, a braking device, a load/loading device, a centrifugal load speed regulator or clutch or a novel energy-saving household appliance. The above proposal is excessively bulky in structure and relatively complex, thereby indirectly increasing the cost.
The existing variable speed permanent magnet coupler needs to change an air gap by manually disassembling and assembling bolts and gaskets, so that the transmission torque and the output rotating speed are changed, the adjustment workload is large, and the time consumption is high. These problems result in low user acceptance, which is unfavorable for popularization and application of the product.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a variable-speed permanent magnet coupler with a variable magnet position, which does not need to change an air gap, but changes the radial position of a magnet, which corresponds to changing the action radius of a magnetic field, so as to change transmission torque and output rotating speed.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a permanent magnet coupler with variable magnet position and speed, which comprises a conductor rotor assembly, wherein the conductor rotor assembly is arranged at a driving end of the permanent magnet coupler;
The permanent magnet rotor assembly is arranged at the load end of the permanent magnet coupler and positioned between the first conductor disc and the second conductor disc, and comprises a first rotor disc and a second rotor disc which are coaxially matched with each other;
Wherein, a magnet is fixed in the gear assembly, and the magnetic poles of the magnets of the adjacent two gear assemblies are opposite;
the gear ring comprises a fluted disc, and one or more poking holes are formed in the end face of the fluted disc;
The end face of the second rotor disc is provided with an arc-shaped slot hole communicated with the poking hole.
Further, the connecting piece comprises a separation barrel and a bolt assembly, wherein the separation barrel is positioned between the first conductor disc and the second conductor disc and is fixed through the bolt assembly.
Further, the outer surface of the first conductor disc and the outer surface of the second conductor disc are respectively fixed with radiating fins, and the inner surface of the first conductor disc and the inner surface of the second conductor disc are respectively fixed with copper conductor discs.
Further, a fixing piece for the driving end is fixed at the center of the first conductor disc.
Further, a first annular channel is formed in the surface, opposite to the first rotor disc, of the second rotor disc, a plurality of first through holes are uniformly distributed along the surface of the first annular channel, a second annular channel corresponding to the first annular channel is formed in the second rotor disc, and a plurality of second through holes corresponding to the first through holes are uniformly distributed along the surface of the second annular channel.
Further, a first shaft hole is formed in the center of the first rotor disc, a second shaft hole corresponding to the first shaft hole is formed in the center of the second rotor disc, and a fixing piece for a load end is fixed to the second shaft hole.
Further, the end face of the magnet is parallel to the end face of the gear assembly, teeth are arranged on the peripheral side face of the gear assembly, and the teeth of the gear assembly are meshed with the gear ring.
Further, the gear assembly is in running fit between the second through hole of the second rotor disk and the first through hole of the first rotor disk, and the gear ring is sleeved between the first annular channel of the first rotor disk and the second annular channel of the second rotor disk in running fit.
Further, the gear assembly comprises a first central line and a radius R, the magnet comprises a second central line, and the distance between the second central line and the first central line is smaller than the radius R.
Further, the length of the arc-shaped slotted hole is larger than or equal to the circumference of the gear assembly.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. The permanent magnet coupler does not need to change an air gap, but changes the action radius of a magnetic field by changing the radial position of the magnet, so that the transmission torque and the output rotating speed are changed, the adjustment is convenient and quick, the application adaptability is high, and the popularization and the application of the variable speed permanent magnet coupler are facilitated.
2. According to the permanent magnet coupler, the first rotor disc and the second rotor disc which are coaxially matched with each other are internally provided with the coaxial gear ring and the gear assemblies meshed with the gear rings, so that the positions of the magnets in the radial direction are adjusted, the action radius of a magnetic field is changed, the purpose of adjusting the transmission torque and the output rotating speed is achieved, and the permanent magnet coupler is simple in structure and high in practicability.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product to practice the invention to achieve all of the advantages set forth above at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a variable magnet position variable speed permanent magnet coupler;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a conductor rotor assembly;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a permanent magnet rotor assembly;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first rotor disk;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a second rotor disk;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a gear ring;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a gear assembly;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a gear assembly and magnet positioning arrangement;
FIG. 9 is a side view of a permanent magnet rotor assembly according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a side view of a permanent magnet rotor assembly according to the second embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a side view of a permanent magnet rotor assembly construction in accordance with a third embodiment;
in the drawings, the list of components represented by the various numbers is as follows:
1-first conductor disc, 2-first rotor disc, 3-mounting, 4-second rotor disc, 5-spacer, 6-fin, 7-second conductor disc, 8-copper conductor disc, 9-gear assembly, 10-magnet, 11-gear ring, 201-first shaft hole, 202-first annular channel, 203-first through hole, 401-second shaft hole, 402-second annular channel, 403-second through hole, 901-tooth, 902-first center line, 1001-second center line, 1101-toggle hole.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "open," "upper," "lower," "center," "mounted to," "intermediate," "length," "inner," "outer edge," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships, merely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the invention discloses a permanent magnet coupler with variable magnet position and variable speed, which comprises a conductor rotor assembly arranged at the driving end of the permanent magnet coupler and a permanent magnet rotor assembly arranged at the load end of the permanent magnet coupler.
Referring to fig. 2, the conductor rotor assembly comprises a first conductor disc 1 and a second conductor disc 7, wherein the outer edge of the first conductor disc 1 is connected with the outer edge of the second conductor disc 7 through a connecting piece, the connecting piece comprises a separation barrel 5 and a bolt assembly, the separation barrel 5 is positioned between the first conductor disc 1 and the second conductor disc 7, and the separation barrel is fixed through the bolt assembly, so that a certain interval exists between the first conductor disc 1 and the second conductor disc 7 and is used for being in clearance fit with the permanent magnet rotor assembly.
A fixing member 3 for driving the end is fixed at the center of the first conductor disc 1, heat radiating fins 6 are respectively fixed on the outer surface of the first conductor disc 1 and the outer surface of the second conductor disc 7, and copper conductor discs 8 are respectively fixed on the inner surface of the first conductor disc 1 and the inner surface of the second conductor disc 7.
Referring to fig. 3-5, the permanent magnet rotor assembly is located between the first conductor disc 1 and the second conductor disc 7, the permanent magnet rotor assembly comprises a first rotor disc 2 and a second rotor disc 4 which are coaxially matched with each other, a coaxial gear ring 11 and a plurality of gear assemblies 9 meshed with the gear ring 11 are installed in the first rotor disc 2 and the second rotor disc 4, a first annular channel 202 is formed on the surface, opposite to the first rotor disc 2 and the second rotor disc 4, a plurality of first through holes 203 are uniformly distributed along the surface of the first annular channel 202, a second annular channel 402 corresponding to the first annular channel 202 is formed on the second rotor disc 4, and a plurality of second through holes 403 corresponding to the first through holes 203 are uniformly distributed along the surface of the second annular channel 402.
The center of the first rotor disk 2 is provided with a first shaft hole 201, the center of the second rotor disk 4 is provided with a second shaft hole 401 corresponding to the first shaft hole 201, and the second shaft hole 401 is fixed with a fixing piece 3 for a load end.
Referring to fig. 7-9, a magnet 10 is fixed in the gear assembly 9, the magnetic poles of the magnets 10 of two adjacent gear assemblies 9 are opposite, the end faces of the magnets 10 are parallel to the end faces of the gear assembly 9, teeth 901 are arranged on the peripheral side face of the gear assembly 9, the teeth 901 of the gear assembly 9 are meshed with a gear ring 11, the gear assembly 9 is in running fit between the second through hole 403 of the second rotor disc 4 and the first through hole 203 of the first rotor disc 2, and the gear ring 11 is sleeved between the first annular groove 202 of the first rotor disc 2 and the second annular groove 402 of the second rotor disc 4 in running fit.
The gear assembly 9 includes a first centerline 902 and a radius R, and the magnet 10 includes a second centerline 1001, the second centerline 1001 being spaced from the first centerline 902 by a distance less than the radius R. The end surface of the second rotor disk 4 is provided with an arc-shaped slot 404 which is communicated with the poking hole 1101, and the length of the arc-shaped slot 404 is larger than or equal to the circumference of the gear assembly 9.
Referring to fig. 9, when the toggle hole 1101 is located at an end of the arc slot 404, the magnet 10 is located at a position far from the center of the second rotor disk 4, and the second center line 1001 of the magnet 10 is perpendicular to the diameter of the second rotor disk 4.
Referring to fig. 6, the gear ring 11 includes a toothed disc 1102, and a toggle hole 1101 is formed on an end surface of the toothed disc 1102.
Example two
Referring to fig. 1, the invention discloses a permanent magnet coupler with variable magnet position and variable speed, which comprises a conductor rotor assembly arranged at the driving end of the permanent magnet coupler and a permanent magnet rotor assembly arranged at the load end of the permanent magnet coupler.
Referring to fig. 2, the conductor rotor assembly comprises a first conductor disc 1 and a second conductor disc 7, wherein the outer edge of the first conductor disc 1 is connected with the outer edge of the second conductor disc 7 through a connecting piece, the connecting piece comprises a separation barrel 5 and a bolt assembly, the separation barrel 5 is positioned between the first conductor disc 1 and the second conductor disc 7, and the separation barrel is fixed through the bolt assembly, so that a certain interval exists between the first conductor disc 1 and the second conductor disc 7 and is used for being in clearance fit with the permanent magnet rotor assembly.
A fixing member 3 for driving the end is fixed at the center of the first conductor disc 1, heat radiating fins 6 are respectively fixed on the outer surface of the first conductor disc 1 and the outer surface of the second conductor disc 7, and copper conductor discs 8 are respectively fixed on the inner surface of the first conductor disc 1 and the inner surface of the second conductor disc 7.
Referring to fig. 3-5, the permanent magnet rotor assembly is located between the first conductor disc 1 and the second conductor disc 7, the permanent magnet rotor assembly comprises a first rotor disc 2 and a second rotor disc 4 which are coaxially matched with each other, a coaxial gear ring 11 and a plurality of gear assemblies 9 meshed with the gear ring 11 are installed in the first rotor disc 2 and the second rotor disc 4, a first annular channel 202 is formed on the surface, opposite to the first rotor disc 2 and the second rotor disc 4, a plurality of first through holes 203 are uniformly distributed along the surface of the first annular channel 202, a second annular channel 402 corresponding to the first annular channel 202 is formed on the second rotor disc 4, and a plurality of second through holes 403 corresponding to the first through holes 203 are uniformly distributed along the surface of the second annular channel 402.
The center of the first rotor disk 2 is provided with a first shaft hole 201, the center of the second rotor disk 4 is provided with a second shaft hole 401 corresponding to the first shaft hole 201, and the second shaft hole 401 is fixed with a fixing piece 3 for a load end. The end surface of the second rotor disk 4 is provided with an arc-shaped slot 404 which is communicated with the poking hole 1101, and the length of the arc-shaped slot 404 is larger than or equal to the circumference of the gear assembly 9.
Referring to fig. 7-8, a magnet 10 is fixed in the gear assembly 9, the magnetic poles of the magnets 10 of two adjacent gear assemblies 9 are opposite, the end faces of the magnets 10 are parallel to the end faces of the gear assembly 9, teeth 901 are arranged on the peripheral side face of the gear assembly 9, the teeth 901 of the gear assembly 9 are meshed with a gear ring 11, the gear assembly 9 is in running fit between the second through hole 403 of the second rotor disc 4 and the first through hole 203 of the first rotor disc 2, and the gear ring 11 is sleeved between the first annular groove 202 of the first rotor disc 2 and the second annular groove 402 of the second rotor disc 4 in running fit.
The gear assembly 9 includes a first centerline 902 and a radius R, and the magnet 10 includes a second centerline 1001, the second centerline 1001 being spaced from the first centerline 902 by a distance less than the radius R.
Referring to fig. 10, when the toggle hole 1101 is located in the middle of the arc slot 404, the magnet 10 is located in a position parallel to the diameter of the second rotor disk 4, and the second center line 1001 of the magnet 10 and the diameter of the second rotor disk 4 are parallel or in the same direction.
Referring to FIG. 6, gear ring 11 includes a toothed disc 1102 with one or more toggle holes 1101 formed in an end surface of toothed disc 1102.
Example III
Referring to fig. 1, the invention discloses a permanent magnet coupler with variable magnet position and variable speed, which comprises a conductor rotor assembly arranged at the driving end of the permanent magnet coupler and a permanent magnet rotor assembly arranged at the load end of the permanent magnet coupler.
Referring to fig. 2, the conductor rotor assembly comprises a first conductor disc 1 and a second conductor disc 7, wherein the outer edge of the first conductor disc 1 is connected with the outer edge of the second conductor disc 7 through a connecting piece, the connecting piece comprises a separation barrel 5 and a bolt assembly, the separation barrel 5 is positioned between the first conductor disc 1 and the second conductor disc 7, and the separation barrel is fixed through the bolt assembly, so that a certain interval exists between the first conductor disc 1 and the second conductor disc 7 and is used for being in clearance fit with the permanent magnet rotor assembly.
A fixing member 3 for driving the end is fixed at the center of the first conductor disc 1, heat radiating fins 6 are respectively fixed on the outer surface of the first conductor disc 1 and the outer surface of the second conductor disc 7, and copper conductor discs 8 are respectively fixed on the inner surface of the first conductor disc 1 and the inner surface of the second conductor disc 7.
Referring to fig. 3-5, the permanent magnet rotor assembly is located between the first conductor disc 1 and the second conductor disc 7, the permanent magnet rotor assembly comprises a first rotor disc 2 and a second rotor disc 4 which are coaxially matched with each other, a coaxial gear ring 11 and a plurality of gear assemblies 9 meshed with the gear ring 11 are installed in the first rotor disc 2 and the second rotor disc 4, a first annular channel 202 is formed on the surface, opposite to the first rotor disc 2 and the second rotor disc 4, a plurality of first through holes 203 are uniformly distributed along the surface of the first annular channel 202, a second annular channel 402 corresponding to the first annular channel 202 is formed on the second rotor disc 4, and a plurality of second through holes 403 corresponding to the first through holes 203 are uniformly distributed along the surface of the second annular channel 402.
The center of the first rotor disk 2 is provided with a first shaft hole 201, the center of the second rotor disk 4 is provided with a second shaft hole 401 corresponding to the first shaft hole 201, and the second shaft hole 401 is fixed with a fixing piece 3 for a load end. The end surface of the second rotor disk 4 is provided with an arc-shaped slot 404 which is communicated with the poking hole 1101, and the length of the arc-shaped slot 404 is larger than or equal to the circumference of the gear assembly 9.
Referring to fig. 7-8, a magnet 10 is fixed in the gear assembly 9, the magnetic poles of the magnets 10 of two adjacent gear assemblies 9 are opposite, the end faces of the magnets 10 are parallel to the end faces of the gear assembly 9, teeth 901 are arranged on the peripheral side face of the gear assembly 9, the teeth 901 of the gear assembly 9 are meshed with a gear ring 11, the gear assembly 9 is in running fit between the second through hole 403 of the second rotor disc 4 and the first through hole 203 of the first rotor disc 2, and the gear ring 11 is sleeved between the first annular groove 202 of the first rotor disc 2 and the second annular groove 402 of the second rotor disc 4 in running fit.
The gear assembly 9 includes a first centerline 902 and a radius R, and the magnet 10 includes a second centerline 1001, the second centerline 1001 being spaced from the first centerline 902 by a distance less than the radius R.
Referring to fig. 11, when the toggle hole 1101 is located at the other end of the arc slot 404, the magnet 10 is located near the center of the second rotor disk 4, and the second center line 1001 of the magnet 10 is perpendicular to the diameter of the second rotor disk 4.
Referring to FIG. 6, gear ring 11 includes a toothed disc 1102 with one or more toggle holes 1101 formed in an end surface of toothed disc 1102.
One or more poking holes 1101 are formed in the end face of the fluted disc 1102, and a fastening screw is matched with the poking holes, after the position of the gear ring 11 is adjusted, the gear ring 11 is fixed through the fastening screw, and the gear ring 11 is prevented from being stressed to automatically adjust the position.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.

Claims (8)

1.一种可变磁铁位置变速的永磁耦合器,包括1. A permanent magnet coupler with variable magnet position and variable speed, comprising: 安装于永磁耦合器驱动端的导体转子组件;A conductor rotor assembly mounted on the drive end of the permanent magnet coupler; 所述导体转子组件包括第一导体盘(1)和第二导体盘(7),所述第一导体盘(1)外缘与第二导体盘(7)外缘通过连接件连接;The conductor rotor assembly comprises a first conductor disk (1) and a second conductor disk (7), wherein the outer edge of the first conductor disk (1) is connected to the outer edge of the second conductor disk (7) via a connecting piece; 安装于永磁耦合器负载端的永磁转子组件;所述永磁转子组件位于第一导体盘(1)与第二导体盘(7)之间;A permanent magnet rotor assembly installed at the load end of the permanent magnet coupler; the permanent magnet rotor assembly is located between the first conductor disk (1) and the second conductor disk (7); 其特征在于:Features: 所述永磁转子组件包括相对同轴配合的第一转子盘(2)和第二转子盘(4);所述第一转子盘(2)和第二转子盘(4)内安装有一个同轴的齿轮环(11),和若干与齿轮环(11)啮合的齿轮组件(9);The permanent magnet rotor assembly comprises a first rotor disk (2) and a second rotor disk (4) which are relatively coaxially matched; a coaxial gear ring (11) and a plurality of gear assemblies (9) which mesh with the gear ring (11) are installed in the first rotor disk (2) and the second rotor disk (4); 其中,所述齿轮组件(9)内固定有一磁铁(10),相邻两齿轮组件(9)的磁铁(10)磁极相反;Wherein, a magnet (10) is fixed inside the gear assembly (9), and the magnets (10) of two adjacent gear assemblies (9) have opposite magnetic poles; 其中,所述齿轮环(11)包括齿盘(1102),位于所述齿盘(1102)的端面开有一个或多个拨动孔(1101);The gear ring (11) comprises a toothed disc (1102), and one or more shifting holes (1101) are formed on the end surface of the toothed disc (1102); 其中,所述第二转子盘(4)端面开有一与拨动孔(1101)相互贯通的弧形槽孔(404);The end surface of the second rotor disk (4) is provided with an arc-shaped slot hole (404) which is interpenetrating with the shifting hole (1101); 所述第一转子盘(2)与第二转子盘(4)相对的表面开有一第一环形槽道(202),沿第一环形槽道(202)的表面均布若干第一贯通孔(203);所述第二转子盘(4)开有与第一环形槽道(202)相对应的第二环形槽道(402),沿第二环形槽道(402)的表面均布若干与第一贯通孔(203)相对应的第二贯通孔(403);A first annular groove (202) is formed on the surface of the first rotor disk (2) opposite to the second rotor disk (4), and a plurality of first through holes (203) are evenly distributed along the surface of the first annular groove (202); a second annular groove (402) corresponding to the first annular groove (202) is formed on the second rotor disk (4), and a plurality of second through holes (403) corresponding to the first through holes (203) are evenly distributed along the surface of the second annular groove (402); 所述磁铁(10)端面与齿轮组件(9)的端面相互平行;所述齿轮组件(9)周侧面设有齿(901);所述齿轮组件(9)的齿(901)与齿轮环(11)啮合。The end face of the magnet (10) and the end face of the gear assembly (9) are parallel to each other; teeth (901) are provided on the circumferential side of the gear assembly (9); and the teeth (901) of the gear assembly (9) mesh with the gear ring (11). 2.根据权利要求1所述的可变磁铁位置变速的永磁耦合器,其特征在于,所述连接件包括隔筒(5)和螺栓组件,所述隔筒(5)位于第一导体盘(1)和第二导体盘(7)之间,通过螺栓组件固定。2. The variable magnet position speed-changing permanent magnet coupler according to claim 1 is characterized in that the connecting member comprises a spacer (5) and a bolt assembly, and the spacer (5) is located between the first conductor disk (1) and the second conductor disk (7) and fixed by the bolt assembly. 3.根据权利要求1或2所述的可变磁铁位置变速的永磁耦合器,其特征在于,所述第一导体盘(1)的外表面和第二导体盘(7)的外表面分别固定有散热片(6);所述第一导体盘(1)的内表面和第二导体盘(7)的内表面分别固定有铜导体盘(8)。3. The variable magnet position speed-changing permanent magnet coupler according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that heat sinks (6) are fixed to the outer surface of the first conductor disk (1) and the outer surface of the second conductor disk (7), respectively; and copper conductor disks (8) are fixed to the inner surface of the first conductor disk (1) and the inner surface of the second conductor disk (7), respectively. 4.根据权利要求3所述的可变磁铁位置变速的永磁耦合器,其特征在于,所述第一导体盘(1)中心位置固定有用于驱动端的固定件(3)。4. The variable magnet position and speed-changing permanent magnet coupler according to claim 3, characterized in that a fixing member (3) for the driving end is fixed at the center position of the first conductor disk (1). 5.根据权利要求1所述的可变磁铁位置变速的永磁耦合器,其特征在于,所述第一转子盘(2)的中心开有第一轴孔(201);所述第二转子盘(4)的中心开有与第一轴孔(201)对应的第二轴孔(401);所述第二轴孔(401)固定有用于负载端的固定件(3)。5. The variable magnet position speed-changing permanent magnet coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that a first axial hole (201) is opened at the center of the first rotor disk (2); a second axial hole (401) corresponding to the first axial hole (201) is opened at the center of the second rotor disk (4); and a fixing member (3) for the load end is fixed to the second axial hole (401). 6.根据权利要求1所述的可变磁铁位置变速的永磁耦合器,其特征在于,所述齿轮组件(9)在第二转子盘(4)的第二贯通孔(403)和第一转子盘(2)的第一贯通孔(203)之间转动配合;所述齿轮环(11)套设在第一转子盘(2)的第一环形槽道(202)和第二转子盘(4)的第二环形槽道(402)之间转动配合。6. The variable magnet position speed-changing permanent magnet coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that the gear assembly (9) is rotationally engaged between the second through hole (403) of the second rotor disk (4) and the first through hole (203) of the first rotor disk (2); and the gear ring (11) is sleeved and rotationally engaged between the first annular groove (202) of the first rotor disk (2) and the second annular groove (402) of the second rotor disk (4). 7.根据权利要求1所述的可变磁铁位置变速的永磁耦合器,其特征在于,所述齿轮组件(9)包括第一中心线(902)和半径R,所述磁铁(10)包括第二中心线(1001);所述第二中心线(1001)与第一中心线(902)的间距小于半径R。7. The variable magnet position speed-changing permanent magnet coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that the gear assembly (9) includes a first center line (902) and a radius R, and the magnet (10) includes a second center line (1001); the distance between the second center line (1001) and the first center line (902) is less than the radius R. 8.根据权利要求1或2或4或6或7所述的可变磁铁位置变速的永磁耦合器,其特征在于,所述弧形槽孔(404)的长大于或等于齿轮组件(9)的周长。8. The variable magnet position speed-changing permanent magnet coupler according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 6 or 7, characterized in that the length of the arc-shaped slot (404) is greater than or equal to the circumference of the gear assembly (9).
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