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CN111308057A - A method for determination of treatment conditions and treatment effect evaluation of wood segments for veneer cutting - Google Patents

A method for determination of treatment conditions and treatment effect evaluation of wood segments for veneer cutting Download PDF

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CN111308057A
CN111308057A CN201911063795.XA CN201911063795A CN111308057A CN 111308057 A CN111308057 A CN 111308057A CN 201911063795 A CN201911063795 A CN 201911063795A CN 111308057 A CN111308057 A CN 111308057A
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CN111308057B (en
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青龙
王喜明
李哲锋
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Inner Mongolia Agricultural University
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    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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    • G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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    • G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种单板切削用木段处理条件的确定和处理效果评定的方法，其特征在于包含制作试件，先选定平均含水量80％以上的生材进行试件的制作，将木材制作成为硬度试件后进行泡水饱水处理，备好饱水试件；测定木材横切面、弦切面和径切面硬度；制作顺纹抗剪强度试件后进行泡水饱水处理，备好饱水试件；根据木材密度特点选择处理方法；再通过处理获得的参数确定处理温度，最后确定处理时间；采用分类处理的方式，能够依据木材密度特点改善它的各向异性；通过该参数直接选定合适的木材处理条件，这样可以避免间接的选定处理条件中的机械设备精度及调整误差、切削参数和刀具方面的很多影响因素，有利于提高单板和薄木切削质量。The invention discloses a method for determining the treatment conditions and evaluating the treatment effect of wood segments for veneer cutting, which is characterized in that the method comprises making a test piece, first selecting a green wood with an average moisture content of more than 80% to make the test piece, After the wood is made into a hardness test piece, it is soaked in water and saturated with water, and the saturated test piece is prepared; the hardness of the transverse section, chord section and radial section of the wood is measured; Select the treatment method according to the characteristics of wood density; then determine the treatment temperature and finally the treatment time through the parameters obtained by the treatment; adopt the method of classification treatment, which can improve its anisotropy according to the characteristics of wood density; through this parameter Direct selection of suitable wood processing conditions can avoid many factors affecting the accuracy of mechanical equipment and adjustment errors, cutting parameters and tools in the indirect selection of processing conditions, which is conducive to improving the cutting quality of veneer and veneer.

Description

一种单板切削用木段处理条件的确定和处理效果评定方法A method for determination of treatment conditions and treatment effect evaluation of wood segments for veneer cutting

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及木材加工领域，更具体的说是涉及一种单板切削用木段处理条件的确定方法。The invention relates to the field of wood processing, in particular to a method for determining the processing conditions of wood segments for veneer cutting.

背景技术Background technique

木材是各向异性材料，各向异性主要体现在横切面、弦切面和径切面的三切面方向上， 从单板切削（刨切、旋切）的角度看，达到三个方向或两个方向性质相近时，就能减少木材各向异性，从而提高木材的切削性能。因此，对木材进行处理在一定程度上改善它的切削性能。Wood is an anisotropic material, and anisotropy is mainly reflected in the three-section directions of the cross-section, chord-section and radial-section. From the perspective of veneer cutting (slicing, rotary cutting), it can reach three directions or two directions. When the properties are similar, the anisotropy of the wood can be reduced, thereby improving the cutting performance of the wood. Therefore, the treatment of wood improves its cutting performance to a certain extent.

目前单板（薄木）切削用木段（胶合板生产中，切削单板用的一定长度规格的原木或木方叫做木段）的处理主要用水热处理（泡煮、蒸煮）方法。对密度低的木材来说处理效果不佳或不进行处理，对单板质量有影响，因此，有必要针对木材性能特点选择不同处理方法。而且处理质量效果的测定评价是用间接的方法。即，测定切削出的单板（薄木）的性能来评价木段处理条件，选定合适处理条件。可是单板切削加工过程中包含着切削参数、刀具条件和机床精度及调整等其它的影响因素很多，不能准确评定木材处理方法而改善的效果。比如，通过试验发现刀具锐利度对切削质量影响显著， 试验得出刀刃锐利度0.3

Figure 122183DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
时能切削的最小厚度为0.06mm左右；刀刃锐利度2
Figure 792199DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
时最小切削厚度为0.2mm左右。目前国内单板切削用刀具刀刃锐利度很难达到2
Figure 906786DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
以下，导致单板切削质量受到影响。对于上述问题，总是避免不了这些因素的单独或复合作用。At present, the processing of wood segments for veneer (veneer) cutting (in the production of plywood, logs of a certain length and specification used for cutting veneers or wood squares are called wood segments) is mainly treated with water heat treatment (soaking, cooking) method. For wood with low density, the treatment effect is not good or no treatment is carried out, which has an impact on the quality of the veneer. Therefore, it is necessary to choose different treatment methods according to the performance characteristics of the wood. Moreover, the measurement and evaluation of the treatment quality effect is an indirect method. That is, the properties of the cut veneer (veneer) are measured to evaluate the processing conditions of the wood segments, and appropriate processing conditions are selected. However, there are many other influencing factors such as cutting parameters, tool conditions, and machine tool accuracy and adjustment in the veneer cutting process. It is impossible to accurately evaluate the effect of wood treatment methods. For example, through experiments, it was found that the sharpness of the tool has a significant impact on the cutting quality.
Figure 122183DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The minimum thickness that can be cut is about 0.06mm; the sharpness of the blade is 2
Figure 792199DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The minimum cutting thickness is about 0.2mm. At present, it is difficult for the sharpness of domestic veneer cutting tools to reach 2
Figure 906786DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
In the following, the cutting quality of veneer is affected. For the above problems, the individual or combined effects of these factors cannot always be avoided.

最后，因为木段处理效果的评价和确定不准确，造成能源、人力物力的浪费。影响单板（薄木）质量， 影响企业效益。Finally, due to the inaccurate evaluation and determination of the wood segment treatment effect, energy, manpower and material resources are wasted. Affects the quality of veneer (veneer) and affects enterprise benefits.

因此，提高单板（薄木）质量、减少木段处理所需能源和人力物力，针对木材本身的特点有必要研究分类处理方法及处理效果直接评定方法，从而确定最佳的处理条件。Therefore, in order to improve the quality of veneer (veneer) and reduce the energy and manpower and material resources required for wood section processing, it is necessary to study the classification processing method and the direct evaluation method of processing effect according to the characteristics of the wood itself, so as to determine the best processing conditions.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的在于提供一种单板切削用木段处理条件的确定方法和处理效果评定方法，以解决上述背景技术中提到的技术问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for determining the treatment conditions of wood segments for veneer cutting and a method for evaluating the treatment effect, so as to solve the technical problems mentioned in the above background art.

一种单板切削用木段处理条件的确定方法既效果评价方法，其特征在于包含以下步骤：A method for determining the processing conditions of wood segments for veneer cutting, which is an effect evaluation method, is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

s1、制作试件：选定平均含水量80％以上的生材制作试件，参照GB/T1929-2009《木材物理力学试材锯解及试样截取方法》制作硬度试件后进行泡水饱水处理，备好饱水试件；参照GB/T1941-2009 《木材硬度试验方法》测定木材横切面、弦切面和径切面硬度；参照日本工业标准| JISZ2101-1994《木材的试验方法（8）剪切试验》制作顺纹抗剪强度试件后进行泡水饱水处理，备好饱水试件。s1. Making test pieces: Select raw wood with an average moisture content of more than 80% to make test pieces, refer to GB/T1929-2009 "Wood Physical Mechanics Test Material Sawing and Sample Interception Methods" to make hardness test pieces and soak them in water. Water treatment, prepare water-saturated test pieces; refer to GB/T1941-2009 "Wood Hardness Test Method" to measure the hardness of wood cross-section, chord section and radial section; refer to Japanese Industrial Standard | JISZ2101-1994 "Wood Test Method (8)" Shear test" After making the shear strength test pieces along the grain, soak them in water and then prepare the water-saturated test pieces.

s2、根据木材特点选择处理方法：s2. Select the treatment method according to the characteristics of the wood:

根据现有资料确定对应种类木材的密度，或者是测定木材的密度，将木材分为低密度木材和高密度木材两种；木材在平衡处理条件下，密度为0.5g/cm3以下的称为低密度，密度为0.5g/cm3以上的称为高密度；Determine the density of the corresponding type of wood according to the existing data, or determine the density of the wood, and divide the wood into two types: low-density wood and high-density wood; under the condition of balanced treatment, wood with a density of less than 0.5g/cm 3 is called Low density, the density above 0.5g/ cm3 is called high density;

对于密度高于0.5g/cm3的木材，选择水热处理方法，进行水热处理；按照以下定义要求进行计算相关参数：For wood with a density higher than 0.5g/ cm3 , choose a hydrothermal treatment method and perform hydrothermal treatment; calculate the relevant parameters according to the following definition requirements:

处理后的横切面国标硬度值（

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
）和饱水试件横切面硬度值（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
）的百分比称为横切面硬度减少率（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
），如下公式1所示The national standard hardness value of the treated cross section (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
) and the cross-section hardness value of the saturated specimen (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
) is called the cross-section hardness reduction rate (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
), as shown in Equation 1 below

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
(1)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
(1)

处理后的弦切面国标硬度值（

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
）和饱水试件弦切面硬度值（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
）的百分比称为弦切面硬度减少率（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
），如下公式2所示The GB hardness value of the processed chord section (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
) and the hardness value of the chord section of the saturated specimen (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
) is called the chord section hardness reduction rate (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
), as shown in Equation 2 below

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
(2)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
(2)

处理后的径切面国标硬度值（

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
）和饱水试件径切面硬度值（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
）的百分比称为径切面硬度减少率（J），如下公式3所示The national standard hardness value of the treated radial section (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
) and the hardness value of the radial section of the saturated specimen (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
) is called the radial cut hardness reduction rate (J), as shown in Equation 3 below

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
（3）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
(3)

处理后的弦切面硬度值（

Figure 468086DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
）和横切面国标硬度值（
Figure 984518DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
）的百分比称为横切面软化率（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
）， 如下公式4所示The processed chord section hardness value (
Figure 468086DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
) and the cross-section GB hardness value (
Figure 984518DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
) is called the cross-section softening rate (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
), as shown in Equation 4 below

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
（4）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
(4)

处理后的径切面国标硬度值（

Figure 625102DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
）和弦切面硬度值（
Figure 226985DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
）的百分比称为弦切面软化率（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
）， 如下公式5所示The national standard hardness value of the treated radial section (
Figure 625102DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
) and the hardness value of the chord section (
Figure 226985DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
) is called the softening rate of the chord section (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
), as shown in Equation 5 below

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
（5）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
(5)

处理后的抗剪强度值（

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
）和饱水试件抗剪强度值（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
)的百分比称为抗剪强度减少率（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
），如公式6所示The value of shear strength after treatment (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
) and the shear strength value of the saturated specimen (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
) is called the shear strength reduction rate (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
), as shown in Equation 6

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
（6）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
(6)

水热处理情况下参考以下相应值：横切面硬度减少率76%左右，弦切面和径切面硬度减少率在81%左右；横切面软化率在96%左右，弦切面软化率在95%左右；抗剪强度减少率在90%左右；In the case of hydrothermal treatment, refer to the following corresponding values: the reduction rate of the hardness of the transverse section is about 76%, the reduction rate of the hardness of the chord section and the radial section is about 81%; the softening rate of the transverse section is about 96%, and the softening rate of the chord section is about 95%; The shear strength reduction rate is about 90%;

对于密度低于0.5g/cm3的生材进行冷冻处理（将生材在不同温度、不同时间的条件下进行冷冻处理），按照如下定义要求进行计算相关参数：处理后的横切面硬度值（

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
）和饱水试件横切面硬度值（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
）的百分比称为横切面硬度增大率（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
），如公式7所示For raw wood with a density lower than 0.5g/cm 3 to undergo freezing treatment (the raw wood is subjected to freezing treatment at different temperatures and different times), the relevant parameters are calculated according to the following definition requirements: the hardness value of the cross section after treatment (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
) and the cross-section hardness value of the saturated specimen (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
) is called the cross-section hardness increase rate (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
), as shown in Equation 7

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
（7）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
(7)

处理后的弦切面硬度值（

Figure 60817DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
）和饱水试件弦切面硬度值（
Figure 431756DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
）的百分比称为弦切面硬 度增大率（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
），如公式8所示The processed chord section hardness value (
Figure 60817DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
) and the hardness value of the chord section of the saturated specimen (
Figure 431756DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
) is called the chord section hardness increase rate (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
), as shown in Equation 8

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
（8）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
(8)

处理后的径切面硬度值（

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
）和饱水试件径切面硬度值（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
）的百分比称为径切面硬度增大率（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
），如公式9所示The hardness value of the treated radial section (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
) and the hardness value of the radial section of the saturated specimen (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
) is called the radial section hardness increase rate (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
), as shown in Equation 9

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
（9）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
(9)

处理后的弦切面硬度值（

Figure 830858DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
）和横切面硬度值（
Figure 654457DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
）的百分比称为横切面硬度变化率（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
）， 如公式10所示The processed chord section hardness value (
Figure 830858DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
) and cross-section hardness values (
Figure 654457DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
) is called the cross-section hardness change rate (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
), as shown in Equation 10

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
（10）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
(10)

处理后的径切面硬度值（

Figure 839451DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
）和弦切面硬度值（
Figure 64896DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
）的百分比称为弦切面硬度变化率（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
）， 如公式11所示The hardness value of the treated radial section (
Figure 839451DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
) and the hardness value of the chord section (
Figure 64896DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
) is called the rate of change in hardness of the chord section (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
), as shown in Equation 11

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
（11）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
(11)

处理后的抗剪强度值（

Figure 575512DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
）和饱水试件抗剪强度值（
Figure 151986DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
）的百分比称为抗剪强度增大率（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
），如公式（12）所示The value of shear strength after treatment (
Figure 575512DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
) and the shear strength value of the saturated specimen (
Figure 151986DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
) is called the shear strength increase rate (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
), as shown in Equation (12)

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE072
（12）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE072
(12)

冷冻处理情况下参考以下相应值：当三切面硬度增大率横切面硬度增大率为109%左右， 弦切面硬度增大率为115%左右，径切面硬度增大率为121%左右；横切面硬度变化率为96%左右；弦切面硬度变化率为98%左右；抗剪强度增大率111%左右；为最佳处理温度。In the case of freezing treatment, refer to the following corresponding values: when the hardness increase rate of the three-section plane is about 109%, the increase rate of the hardness of the chord section is about 115%, and the increase rate of the hardness of the radial section is about 121%; The change rate of section hardness is about 96%; the change rate of chord section hardness is about 98%; the increase rate of shear strength is about 111%; it is the best processing temperature.

s3、确定处理温度s3. Determine the processing temperature

根据以上定义公式计算出的相应处理参数，确定出对应木材的处理温度。According to the corresponding treatment parameters calculated by the above definition formula, the treatment temperature of the corresponding wood is determined.

s4、确定处理时间s4. Determine the processing time

根据具体木段半径测定处理时间，采用水热处理硬度变化速度和冷冻处理硬度变化速度来确定处理时间；The treatment time is determined according to the radius of the specific wood segment, and the treatment time is determined by the hardness change speed of hydrothermal treatment and the hardness change speed of freezing treatment;

木段水热处理过程中，木段的外表面到随心（分别测定边材和芯材硬度）的横切面硬度减少率值达到公式（1）计算值的时间选定为处理时间，这时木段半径（

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
）和所需时间 （
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
）的比值称为水热处理硬度变化速度（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE078
）；如公式13所示During the hydrothermal treatment of the wood segment, the time from the outer surface of the wood segment to the cross-section hardness reduction rate of the cross-section (measure the hardness of the sapwood and core wood respectively) reaches the value calculated by the formula (1) is selected as the treatment time. At this time, the wood segment is radius(
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
) and the required time (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
) is called the hardness change rate of hydrothermal treatment (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE078
); as shown in Equation 13

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE080
（13）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE080
(13)

木段冷冻处理过程中，木段的外表面到随心（分别测定边材和芯材硬度）的横切面硬度增大率值达到公式（7）计算值的时间选定为处理时间，这时木段半径（

Figure 737076DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
）和所需时间 （
Figure 817028DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
）的比值称为冷冻处理硬度变化速度（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE082
)；如公式14所示During the freezing treatment of wood segments, the time from the outer surface of the wood segment to the cross-section hardness increase rate of the random (measured sapwood and core wood hardness respectively) reaches the value calculated by formula (7) is selected as the treatment time. segment radius (
Figure 737076DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
) and the required time (
Figure 817028DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
) is called the freezing treatment hardness change rate (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE082
); as shown in Equation 14

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE084
（14）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE084
(14)

通过以上一系列实验和计算得到的参数确定出对应木材性能的处理条件（如处理温度、处理时间）和处理效果做出准确评价。Through the above series of experiments and parameters obtained by calculation, the treatment conditions (such as treatment temperature, treatment time) and treatment effect corresponding to the wood properties were determined to make an accurate evaluation.

本发明的有益效果在于:The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1、根据木材特点，改善木材的各向异性，采取分类处理方法，比如，密度低（密度低于0.5g/cm3）的木材选用冷冻处理方法，进行冷冻处理；相对密度高的（密度高于0.5g/cm3）木材选用水热处理方法，进行水热处理，分类处理可以有效提高单板（薄木）质量。1. According to the characteristics of the wood, improve the anisotropy of the wood, and adopt the classification treatment method. For example, the wood with low density (density lower than 0.5g/cm 3 ) should be treated by freezing treatment; 0.5g/cm 3 ) wood is selected with hydrothermal treatment method, hydrothermal treatment, and classification treatment can effectively improve the quality of veneer (veneer).

2、采用直接评价方法可以避免一些机械设备、切削参数和刀具方面的影响，对木材本身的处理效果进行评价，有利于木材处理条件的准确确定，节省木段处理用能源、人力物力；减少生产成本，能够提高企业效益。2. The direct evaluation method can avoid the influence of some mechanical equipment, cutting parameters and tools, and evaluate the treatment effect of the wood itself, which is conducive to the accurate determination of wood treatment conditions, saves energy, manpower and material resources for wood segment treatment; reduces production cost, can improve business efficiency.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

在本发明中，木材的各项性能都受含水率影响，因此国家标准中处理后的含水率达到12%的状态定为测定标准状态，这个处理过程叫做平衡处理。木材密度的测定与分类是平衡处理后进行的。In the present invention, various properties of wood are affected by moisture content, so the state in which the moisture content after treatment reaches 12% in the national standard is determined as the standard state for determination, and this treatment process is called balance treatment. The determination and classification of wood density is carried out after balancing treatment.

实施例1Example 1

对于高密度的木材处理方法For high density wood treatment methods

s1、制作试件：采用杨木，树龄为24-32年，直径在235-310mm之间，生材的平均含水率为89%；s1. Making test pieces: Poplar wood is used, the age of the tree is 24-32 years, the diameter is between 235-310mm, and the average moisture content of the raw wood is 89%;

选定平均含水率为89%的杨木生材制作试件，具体参照GB/T1929-2009《木材物理力学试材锯解及试样截取方法》制作硬度试件后进行泡水饱水处理，备好饱水试件；参照GB/T1941-2009 《木材硬度试验方法》测定木材横切面、弦切面和径切面硬度；参照日本工业标准| JISZ2101-1994《木材的试验方法（8）剪切试验》制作顺纹抗剪强度试件后进行泡水饱水处理，备好饱水试件。Select the poplar raw wood with an average moisture content of 89% to make the test piece. Specifically, refer to GB/T1929-2009 "Wood Physical Mechanics Test Material Sawing and Sample Interception Method" to make the hardness test piece and then soak it in water. Water-saturated test piece; refer to GB/T1941-2009 "Wood Hardness Test Method" to measure the hardness of wood cross section, chord section and radial section; refer to Japanese Industrial Standard | JISZ2101-1994 "Test Method for Wood (8) Shear Test" After the shear strength test pieces along the grain are soaked in water, the water-saturated test pieces are prepared.

s2、对于密度高于0.5g/cm3的木材，选择水热处理方法，进行泡煮处理；按照以下定义要求进行计算相关参数：水热处理时，设置多组不同的泡煮温度和处理时间的条件（如处理温度40℃、50℃、60℃、70℃、80℃；处理时间4h、8h、10h、12h等）作为对照组对木材进行处理。s2. For wood with a density higher than 0.5g/cm 3 , choose a hydrothermal treatment method and perform brewing treatment; calculate the relevant parameters according to the following definition requirements: During hydrothermal treatment, set multiple groups of different conditions for brewing temperature and treatment time (For example, the treatment temperature is 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C; the treatment time is 4h, 8h, 10h, 12h, etc.) as the control group to treat the wood.

处理后的横切面国标硬度值（

Figure 232965DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
）和饱水试件横切面硬度值（
Figure 31157DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
）的百分比称为横切面硬度减少率（
Figure 495636DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
），如下公式1所示The national standard hardness value of the treated cross section (
Figure 232965DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
) and the cross-section hardness value of the saturated specimen (
Figure 31157DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
) is called the cross-section hardness reduction rate (
Figure 495636DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
), as shown in Equation 1 below

Figure 430094DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
(1)
Figure 430094DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
(1)

处理后的弦切面国标硬度值（

Figure 220196DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
）和饱水试件弦切面硬度值（
Figure 505684DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
）的百分比称为弦切面硬度减少率（
Figure 508275DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
），如下公式2所示The GB hardness value of the processed chord section (
Figure 220196DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
) and the hardness value of the chord section of the saturated specimen (
Figure 505684DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
) is called the chord section hardness reduction rate (
Figure 508275DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
), as shown in Equation 2 below

Figure 562818DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
(2)
Figure 562818DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
(2)

处理后的径切面国标硬度值（

Figure 523821DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
）和饱水试件径切面硬度值（
Figure 765447DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
）的百分比称为径切面硬度减少率（J），如下公式3所示The national standard hardness value of the treated radial section (
Figure 523821DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
) and the hardness value of the radial section of the saturated specimen (
Figure 765447DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
) is called the radial cut hardness reduction rate (J), as shown in Equation 3 below

Figure 837308DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
（3）
Figure 837308DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
(3)

处理后的弦切面硬度值（

Figure 11937DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
）和横切面国标硬度值（
Figure 612683DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
）的百分比称为横切面软化率（
Figure 872763DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
）， 如下公式4所示The processed chord section hardness value (
Figure 11937DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
) and the cross-section GB hardness value (
Figure 612683DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
) is called the cross-section softening rate (
Figure 872763DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
), as shown in Equation 4 below

Figure 482736DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
（4）
Figure 482736DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
(4)

处理后的径切面国标硬度值（

Figure 508942DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
）和弦切面硬度值（
Figure 280589DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
）的百分比称为弦切面软化率（
Figure 27965DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
）， 如下公式5所示The national standard hardness value of the treated radial section (
Figure 508942DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
) and the hardness value of the chord section (
Figure 280589DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
) is called the softening rate of the chord section (
Figure 27965DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
), as shown in Equation 5 below

Figure 441629DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
（5）
Figure 441629DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
(5)

处理后的抗剪强度值（

Figure 325271DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
）和饱水试件抗剪强度值（
Figure 533399DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
)的百分比称为抗剪强度减少率（
Figure 502492DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
），如公式6所示The value of shear strength after treatment (
Figure 325271DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
) and the shear strength value of the saturated specimen (
Figure 533399DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
) is called the shear strength reduction rate (
Figure 502492DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
), as shown in Equation 6

Figure 454267DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
（6）水热处理情况下参考以下相应值：当横切面硬度减少率76%左右、弦切面和径切面硬度减少率在81%左右；横切面软化率在96%左右、弦切面软化率在95%左右；抗剪强度减少率在90%左右时，为最佳处理温度。
Figure 454267DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
(6) In the case of hydrothermal treatment, refer to the following corresponding values: when the reduction rate of the hardness of the cross section is about 76%, the reduction rate of the hardness of the chord section and the radial section is about 81%; the softening rate of the cross section is about 96%, and the softening rate of the chord section is about 95%. %; when the shear strength reduction rate is about 90%, it is the best processing temperature.

s3、确定处理温度s3. Determine the processing temperature

根据以上定义公式计算出的相应处理参数，确定出处理温度。According to the corresponding processing parameters calculated by the above definition formula, the processing temperature is determined.

s4、确定处理时间s4. Determine the processing time

根据具体木段半径测定处理时间，采用水热处理硬度变化速度和冷冻处理硬度变化速度来确定处理时间；The treatment time is determined according to the radius of the specific wood segment, and the treatment time is determined by the hardness change speed of hydrothermal treatment and the hardness change speed of freezing treatment;

木段水热处理过程中，木段的外表面到随心（分别测定边材和芯材硬度）的横切面硬度减少率值达到公式（1）计算值的时间选定为处理时间，这时木段半径（

Figure 192416DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
）和所需时间 （
Figure 571445DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
）的比值称为水热处理硬度变化速度（
Figure 762255DEST_PATH_IMAGE078
）；如公式13所示During the hydrothermal treatment of the wood segment, the time from the outer surface of the wood segment to the cross-section hardness reduction rate of the cross-section (measure the hardness of the sapwood and core wood respectively) reaches the value calculated by the formula (1) is selected as the treatment time. At this time, the wood segment is radius(
Figure 192416DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
) and the required time (
Figure 571445DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
) is called the hardness change rate of hydrothermal treatment (
Figure 762255DEST_PATH_IMAGE078
); as shown in Equation 13

Figure 517721DEST_PATH_IMAGE080
（13）
Figure 517721DEST_PATH_IMAGE080
(13)

通过以上一系列实验和计算确定出，对应木材性能的处理条件和处理效果能够直接的做出准确评价，确定最佳的处理条件。Through the above series of experiments and calculations, it is determined that the treatment conditions and treatment effects corresponding to the properties of the wood can be directly and accurately evaluated to determine the best treatment conditions.

实施例2Example 2

对于低密度的木材处理方法For low-density wood treatments

s1、制作试件：s1. Making test pieces:

选定含水率高于80％的生材制作试件，具体参照GB/T1929-2009《木材物理力学试材锯解及试样截取方法》制作硬度试件后进行泡水饱水处理，备好饱水试件；参照GB/T1941-2009 《木材硬度试验方法》测定木材横切面、弦切面和径切面硬度；参照日本工业标准|JISZ2101-1994《木材的试验方法（8）剪切试验》制作顺纹抗剪强度试件后进行泡水饱水处理，备好饱水试件。Select the raw wood with a moisture content higher than 80% to make the test piece. Specifically, refer to GB/T1929-2009 "Wood Physical Mechanics Test Material Sawing and Sample Interception Method" to make the hardness test piece and then soak it in water. Water-saturated test piece; refer to GB/T1941-2009 "Wood Hardness Test Method" to measure the hardness of wood cross section, chord section and radial section; refer to Japanese Industrial Standard | JISZ2101-1994 "Wood Test Method (8) Shear Test" After the shear strength test pieces along the grain are soaked in water, the water-saturated test pieces are prepared.

s2、对于密度低于0.5g/cm3的生材进行冷冻处理，按照如下定义要求进行计算相关参数（设置不同组温度和时间条件进行冷冻处理，如可以设置-3℃、-6℃-、-9℃、-12℃；处理时间4h、8h、10h、12h等不同对照组进行冷冻处理等不同对照组进行冷冻处理）：处理后的横切面硬度值（

Figure 375956DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
）和饱水试件横切面硬度值（
Figure 925886DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
）的百分比称为横切面硬度增大率（
Figure 869571DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
），如公式7所示s2. For freezing treatment of raw materials with a density lower than 0.5g/ cm3 , calculate the relevant parameters according to the following definition requirements (set different temperature and time conditions for freezing treatment, such as -3℃, -6℃-, -9°C, -12°C; treatment time 4h, 8h, 10h, 12h and other different control groups were subjected to freezing treatment and other control groups were subjected to freezing treatment): The hardness value of the transverse section after treatment (
Figure 375956DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
) and the cross-section hardness value of the saturated specimen (
Figure 925886DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
) is called the cross-section hardness increase rate (
Figure 869571DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
), as shown in Equation 7

Figure 163149DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
（7）
Figure 163149DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
(7)

处理后的弦切面硬度值（

Figure 610311DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
）和饱水试件弦切面硬度值（
Figure 596722DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
）的百分比称为弦切面硬 度增大率（
Figure 762124DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
），如公式8所示The processed chord section hardness value (
Figure 610311DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
) and the hardness value of the chord section of the saturated specimen (
Figure 596722DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
) is called the chord section hardness increase rate (
Figure 762124DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
), as shown in Equation 8

Figure 862322DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
（8）
Figure 862322DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
(8)

处理后的径切面硬度值（

Figure 429570DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
）和饱水试件径切面硬度值（
Figure 586882DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
）的百分比称为径切面硬度增大率（
Figure 239580DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
），如公式9所示The hardness value of the treated radial section (
Figure 429570DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
) and the hardness value of the radial section of the saturated specimen (
Figure 586882DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
) is called the radial section hardness increase rate (
Figure 239580DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
), as shown in Equation 9

Figure 874961DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
（9）
Figure 874961DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
(9)

处理后的弦切面硬度值（

Figure 562294DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
）和横切面硬度值（
Figure 624928DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
）的百分比称为横切面硬度变化率（
Figure 764922DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
）， 如公式10所示The processed chord section hardness value (
Figure 562294DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
) and cross-section hardness values (
Figure 624928DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
) is called the cross-section hardness change rate (
Figure 764922DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
), as shown in Equation 10

Figure 469573DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
（10）
Figure 469573DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
(10)

处理后的径切面硬度值（

Figure 745834DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
）和弦切面硬度值（
Figure 244948DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
）的百分比称为弦切面硬度变化率（
Figure 606659DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
）， 如公式11所示The hardness value of the treated radial section (
Figure 745834DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
) and the hardness value of the chord section (
Figure 244948DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
) is called the rate of change in hardness of the chord section (
Figure 606659DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
), as shown in Equation 11

Figure 583843DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
（11）
Figure 583843DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
(11)

处理后的抗剪强度值（

Figure 245768DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
）和饱水试件抗剪强度值（
Figure 650205DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
）的百分比称为抗剪强度增大率（
Figure 764791DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
），如公式（12）所示The value of shear strength after treatment (
Figure 245768DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
) and the shear strength value of the saturated specimen (
Figure 650205DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
) is called the shear strength increase rate (
Figure 764791DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
), as shown in Equation (12)

Figure 545665DEST_PATH_IMAGE072
（12）
Figure 545665DEST_PATH_IMAGE072
(12)

冷冻处理情况下参考以下相应值：当三切面硬度增大率横切面硬度增大率为109%左右， 弦切面硬度增大率为115%左右，径切面硬度增大率为121%左右；横切面硬度变化率为96%|左右；弦切面硬度变化率为98%左右；抗剪强度增大率111%左右；为最佳处理温度。In the case of freezing treatment, refer to the following corresponding values: when the hardness increase rate of the three-section plane is about 109%, the increase rate of the hardness of the chord section is about 115%, and the increase rate of the hardness of the radial section is about 121%; The change rate of section hardness is about 96% |; the change rate of chord section hardness is about 98%; the increase rate of shear strength is about 111%; it is the best processing temperature.

s3、确定处理温度s3. Determine the processing temperature

根据以上定义公式计算出的相应处理参数，确定木材的处理温度。According to the corresponding treatment parameters calculated by the above definition formula, the treatment temperature of the wood is determined.

s4、确定处理时间s4. Determine the processing time

根据具体木段半径测定处理时间，采用水热处理硬度变化速度和冷冻处理硬度变化速度来确定处理时间；The treatment time is determined according to the radius of the specific wood segment, and the treatment time is determined by the hardness change speed of hydrothermal treatment and the hardness change speed of freezing treatment;

木段冷冻处理过程中，木段的外表面到随心（分别测定边材和芯材硬度）的横切面硬度增大率值达到公式（7）计算值的时间选定为处理时间，这时木段半径（

Figure 796518DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
）和所需时间 （
Figure 637435DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
）的比值称为冷冻处理硬度变化速度（
Figure 259826DEST_PATH_IMAGE082
)；如公式14所示During the freezing treatment of wood segments, the time from the outer surface of the wood segment to the cross-section hardness increase rate of the random (measured sapwood and core wood hardness respectively) reaches the value calculated by formula (7) is selected as the treatment time. segment radius (
Figure 796518DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
) and the required time (
Figure 637435DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
) is called the freezing treatment hardness change rate (
Figure 259826DEST_PATH_IMAGE082
); as shown in Equation 14

Figure 578811DEST_PATH_IMAGE084
（14）
Figure 578811DEST_PATH_IMAGE084
(14)

通过以上一系列实验和计算确定出，对应木材性能的处理条件和处理效果能够直接的做出准确评价。选定合理的木段处理条件。Through the above series of experiments and calculations, it is determined that the treatment conditions and treatment effects corresponding to the wood properties can be directly and accurately evaluated. Select reasonable wood segment processing conditions.

以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的实施例，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内以上所述。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent replacements or changes to its concept should be included within the protection scope of the present invention as described above.

Claims (3)

1.一种单板切削用木段处理条件的确定方法，其特征在于包含以下步骤：1. a method for determining a wood segment processing condition for veneer cutting is characterized in that comprising the following steps: s1、制作试件：选定平均含水量80％以上的生材进行试件的制作，将木材制作成为硬度试件后进行泡水饱水处理，备好饱水试件；测定木材横切面、弦切面和径切面硬度；制作顺纹抗剪强度试件后进行泡水饱水处理，备好饱水试件；s1. Making test pieces: Select the raw wood with an average moisture content of more than 80% to make the test piece, make the wood into a hardness test piece, and then soak it in water, and prepare the water-saturated test piece; measure the cross-section of the wood, The hardness of the chord section and radial section; after making the shear strength test pieces along the grain, soak in water and saturated water, and prepare the saturated test pieces; s2、根据木材特点选择处理方法：s2. Select the treatment method according to the characteristics of the wood: 根据现有资料确定对应种类木材的密度，将木材分为低密度木材和高密度木材两种，木材在上述条件下，密度为0.5g/cm3以下的称为低密度，密度为0.5g/cm3以上的称为高密度；According to the existing data to determine the density of the corresponding type of wood, the wood is divided into low-density wood and high-density wood. Under the above conditions, wood with a density of less than 0.5g/ cm3 is called low-density, and the density is 0.5g/cm3. cm 3 or more is called high density; 对于密度为0.5g/cm3以上的木材，选择水热处理方法，选定几个一定间隔的不同处理温度和处理时间，进行水热处理；按照以下定义要求进行计算相关参数：For wood with a density of more than 0.5g/cm 3 , the hydrothermal treatment method is selected, and several different treatment temperatures and treatment times at certain intervals are selected for hydrothermal treatment; the relevant parameters are calculated according to the following definition requirements: 处理后的横切面国标硬度值（
Figure 503411DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
）和饱水试件横切面硬度值（
Figure 612794DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
）的百分比称为横切面硬度减少率（
Figure 416802DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
），如下公式1所示The national standard hardness value of the treated cross section (
Figure 503411DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
) and the cross-section hardness value of the saturated specimen (
Figure 612794DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
) is called the cross-section hardness reduction rate (
Figure 416802DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
), as shown in Equation 1 below
Figure 614565DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
(1)
Figure 614565DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
(1) 处理后的弦切面国标硬度值（
Figure 427800DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
）和饱水试件弦切面硬度值（
Figure 394619DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
）的百分比称为弦切面硬度减少率（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
），如下公式2所示The GB hardness value of the processed chord section (
Figure 427800DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
) and the hardness value of the chord section of the saturated specimen (
Figure 394619DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
) is called the chord section hardness reduction rate (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
), as shown in Equation 2 below
Figure 369529DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
(2)
Figure 369529DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
(2) 处理后的径切面国标硬度值（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
）和饱水试件径切面硬度值（
Figure 257850DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
）的百分比称为径切面硬度减少率（J），如下公式3所示The national standard hardness value of the treated radial section (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
) and the hardness value of the radial section of the saturated specimen (
Figure 257850DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
) is called the radial cut hardness reduction rate (J), as shown in Equation 3 below
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
（3）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
(3) 处理后的弦切面硬度值（
Figure 343618DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
）和横切面国标硬度值（
Figure 164943DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
）的百分比称为横切面软化率（
Figure 841912DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
）， 如下公式4所示The processed chord section hardness value (
Figure 343618DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
) and the cross-section GB hardness value (
Figure 164943DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
) is called the cross-section softening rate (
Figure 841912DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
), as shown in Equation 4 below
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
（4）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
(4) 处理后的径切面国标硬度值（
Figure 217530DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
）和弦切面硬度值（
Figure 372568DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
）的百分比称为弦切面软化率（
Figure 313979DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
）， 如下公式5所示The national standard hardness value of the treated radial section (
Figure 217530DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
) and the hardness value of the chord section (
Figure 372568DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
) is called the softening rate of the chord section (
Figure 313979DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
), as shown in Equation 5 below
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
（5）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
(5) 处理后的抗剪强度值（
Figure 630691DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
）和饱水试件抗剪强度值（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
)的百分比称为抗剪强度减少率（
Figure 514113DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
），如公式6所示The value of shear strength after treatment (
Figure 630691DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
) and the shear strength value of the saturated specimen (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
) is called the shear strength reduction rate (
Figure 514113DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
), as shown in Equation 6
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
（6）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
(6) 水热处理情况下参考以下相应值：当横切面硬度减少率76%左右，弦切面和径切面硬度减少率在81%左右；横切面软化率在96%左右，弦切面软化率在95%左右；抗剪强度减少率在90%左右；为最佳处理温度；In the case of hydrothermal treatment, refer to the following corresponding values: when the hardness reduction rate of the transverse section is about 76%, the reduction rate of the hardness of the chord section and the radial section is about 81%; the softening rate of the transverse section is about 96%, and the softening rate of the chord section is about 95%; The reduction rate of shear strength is about 90%; it is the best processing temperature; 对于密度为0.5g/cm3以下的生材，选定几个一定间隔的不同处理温度和处理时间进行冷冻处理，按照如下定义要求进行计算相关参数：处理后的横切面硬度值（
Figure 941683DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
）和饱水试件横切面硬度值（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
）的百分比称为横切面硬度增大率（
Figure 940863DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
），如公式7所示For the raw wood with a density of less than 0.5g/ cm3 , select several different treatment temperatures and treatment times at certain intervals for freezing treatment, and calculate the relevant parameters according to the following definition requirements: the hardness value of the cross section after treatment (
Figure 941683DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
) and the cross-section hardness value of the saturated specimen (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
) is called the cross-section hardness increase rate (
Figure 940863DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
), as shown in Equation 7
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
（7）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
(7) 处理后的弦切面硬度值（
Figure 428476DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
）和饱水试件弦切面硬度值（
Figure 309844DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
）的百分比称为弦切面硬度增大率（
Figure 806685DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
），如公式8所示The processed chord section hardness value (
Figure 428476DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
) and the hardness value of the chord section of the saturated specimen (
Figure 309844DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
) is called the chord section hardness increase rate (
Figure 806685DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
), as shown in Equation 8
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
（8）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
(8) 处理后的径切面硬度值（
Figure 191530DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
）和饱水试件径切面硬度值（
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
）的百分比称为径切面硬度增大率（
Figure 318886DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
），如公式9所示The hardness value of the treated radial section (
Figure 191530DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
) and the hardness value of the radial section of the saturated specimen (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
) is called the radial section hardness increase rate (
Figure 318886DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
), as shown in Equation 9
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
（9）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
(9) 处理后的弦切面硬度值（
Figure 421971DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
）和横切面硬度值（
Figure 722502DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
）的百分比称为横切面硬度变化率（
Figure 493012DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
）， 如公式10所示The processed chord section hardness value (
Figure 421971DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
) and cross-section hardness values (
Figure 722502DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
) is called the cross-sectional hardness change rate (
Figure 493012DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
), as shown in Equation 10
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
（10）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
(10) 处理后的径切面硬度值（
Figure 788340DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
）和弦切面硬度值（
Figure 909880DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
）的百分比称为弦切面硬度变化率（
Figure 748523DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
）， 如公式11所示The hardness value of the treated radial section (
Figure 788340DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
) and the hardness value of the chord section (
Figure 909880DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
) is called the rate of change in hardness of the chord section (
Figure 748523DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
), as shown in Equation 11
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
（11）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
(11) 处理后的抗剪强度值（
Figure 842380DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
）和饱水试件抗剪强度值（
Figure 108277DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
）的百分比称为抗剪强度增大率（
Figure 451533DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
），如公式（12）所示The value of shear strength after treatment (
Figure 842380DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
) and the shear strength value of the saturated specimen (
Figure 108277DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
) is called the shear strength increase rate (
Figure 451533DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
), as shown in Equation (12)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
（12）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
(12) 冷冻处理情况下参考以下相应值：当三切面硬度增大率横切面硬度增大率为109%左右， 弦切面硬度增大率为115%左右，径切面硬度增大率为121%左右；横切面硬度变化率为96%左右；弦切面硬度变化率为98%左右；抗剪强度增大率111%左右时，为最佳处理温度；In the case of freezing treatment, refer to the following corresponding values: when the hardness increase rate of the three-section plane is about 109%, the increase rate of the hardness of the chord section is about 115%, and the increase rate of the hardness of the radial section is about 121%; The change rate of section hardness is about 96%; the change rate of chord section hardness is about 98%; when the increase rate of shear strength is about 111%, it is the best processing temperature; s3、确定处理温度s3. Determine the processing temperature 根据以上定义公式计算出的相应处理参数，确定出木材的处理温度；According to the corresponding treatment parameters calculated by the above definition formula, determine the treatment temperature of the wood; s4、确定处理时间s4. Determine the processing time 根据具体木段半径测定处理时间，采用水热处理硬度变化速度和冷冻处理硬度变化速度来确定处理时间；The treatment time is determined according to the radius of the specific wood segment, and the treatment time is determined by the hardness change speed of hydrothermal treatment and the hardness change speed of freezing treatment; 木段水热处理过程中，木段的外表面到随心（分别测定边材和芯材硬度）的横切面硬度减少率值达到公式（1）计算值的时间选定为处理时间，这时木段半径（
Figure 562709DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
）和所需时间 （
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
）的比值称为水热处理硬度变化速度（
Figure 776653DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
）；如公式13所示During the hydrothermal treatment of the wood segment, the time from the outer surface of the wood segment to the cross-section hardness reduction rate of the cross-section (measure the hardness of the sapwood and core wood respectively) reaches the value calculated by the formula (1) is selected as the treatment time. At this time, the wood segment is radius(
Figure 562709DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
) and the required time (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
) is called the hardness change rate of hydrothermal treatment (
Figure 776653DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
); as shown in Equation 13
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
（13）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
(13) 木段冷冻处理过程中，木段的外表面到随心（分别测定边材和芯材硬度）的横切面硬度增大率值达到公式（7）计算值的时间选定为处理时间，这时木段半径（
Figure 947871DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
）和所需时间 （
Figure 512844DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
）的比值称为冷冻处理硬度变化速度（
Figure 693290DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
)；如公式14所示During the freezing treatment of wood segments, the time from the outer surface of the wood segment to the cross-section hardness increase rate of the random (measured sapwood and core wood hardness respectively) reaches the value calculated by formula (7) is selected as the treatment time. segment radius (
Figure 947871DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
) and the required time (
Figure 512844DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
) is called the freezing treatment hardness change rate (
Figure 693290DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
); as shown in Equation 14
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
（14）
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
(14) 通过上述参数特征针对不同的密度的木材实现分类处理，并获得直接处理的参数数据。Through the above parameter features, classification processing is realized for different densities of wood, and directly processed parameter data is obtained. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种单板切削用木段处理条件的确定方法，其特征在于所述木材密度值还可通过直接测定获取。2 . The method for determining the processing conditions of wood segments for veneer cutting according to claim 1 , wherein the wood density value can also be obtained by direct measurement. 3 . 3.一种单板切削用木段分类处理效果评定方法，其特征在于：通过权利要求1中的一系列实验和计算确定出木材处理的各项参数；相应的，对应木材性能的处理条件和处理效果便能够直接做出准确评价，确定最佳的处理条件。3. A method for evaluating the effect of wood segment classification treatment for veneer cutting, characterized in that: various parameters of wood treatment are determined by a series of experiments and calculations in claim 1; Correspondingly, the treatment conditions and The treatment effect can be directly evaluated and the best treatment conditions can be determined.
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