CN111306836A - A lithium bromide absorption refrigeration integrated machine for high temperature wastewater - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a high-temperature wastewater lithium bromide absorption refrigeration all-in-one machine, the overall structure of which comprises: the device comprises an upper horizontal cylinder, a lower horizontal cylinder, a heat exchanger on the left side, a driving heat source on the right side, two circulating pumps and a plurality of connecting pipelines, wherein the two ends of the upper horizontal cylinder are closed, and the two ends of the upper horizontal cylinder are closed. Wherein: the upper part of the interior of the upper cylinder body is provided with a condenser, and the lower part of the interior of the upper cylinder body is provided with a generator; the evaporator is arranged on the upper part of the interior of the lower cylinder, and the absorber is arranged below the interior of the lower cylinder. The lithium bromide water solution is heated by the driving heat source in the generator, after part of the lithium bromide water solution is vaporized, the lithium bromide concentrated solution enters the absorber downwards, and the refrigerant water vapor enters the condenser upwards. The refrigerant water vapor is cooled and condensed by cooling water in the condenser, then enters the evaporator through the throttle valve downwards, expands and vaporizes to absorb the heat of air-conditioning chilled water in the evaporator, the refrigerant water vapor generated by vaporization enters the absorber downwards, is absorbed by the lithium bromide concentrated solution in the absorber, the concentration of the solution is reduced, and then is sent back to the generator upwards by the circulating pump.

Description

A lithium bromide absorption refrigeration integrated machine for high temperature wastewater

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of waste heat utilization, in particular to a lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration integrated machine for high temperature wastewater.

Background technique

In the production process of metallurgy, coal chemical industry, salt chemical industry and other industries, there is a large amount of high-temperature process circulating cooling water or process wastewater, which contains a large amount of high-temperature heat energy. Due to its complex water quality components, it is very easy to cause pollution, corrosion and even blockage of conventional heat exchange equipment. Therefore, only a few northern enterprises can develop and utilize them. Most of them are used for building heating or process water heating. In summer, most southern enterprises or northern enterprises, The waste heat is directly discharged into the atmosphere, resulting in heat waste and thermal pollution. For example, the heat of the high-temperature wastewater can be used as the driving heat source of the lithium bromide refrigerator, and it is a perfect supplementary solution for air-conditioning refrigeration, which can be fully utilized in the north and south all year round.

Lithium bromide absorption refrigerator is mainly composed of generator, condenser, evaporator, absorber, heat exchanger, circulating pump and other parts. During the operation of the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator, when the dilute lithium bromide solution is heated by the driving heat source in the generator, the refrigerant water in the solution is vaporized. With the continuous vaporization of the refrigerant water, the concentration of the dilute lithium bromide solution in the generator increases When the refrigerant water vapor enters the condenser, it is cooled by the cooling water in the condenser and then condensed to become liquid water with high pressure and low temperature; when the refrigerant water in the condenser enters the evaporator through the throttle valve, it expands rapidly And vaporization, and absorb a large amount of heat of the frozen water in the evaporator during the vaporization process, so as to achieve the purpose of cooling and refrigeration; in this process, the low-temperature refrigerant water vapor enters the absorber and is absorbed by the concentrated lithium bromide solution in the absorber. The concentration is gradually reduced, and then sent back to the generator by the circulating pump to complete the whole cycle.

In this way, the cycle is continuous, and the cooling capacity is continuously produced.

However, because lithium bromide refrigerator generators usually use shell-and-tube or plate-type heat exchangers, which have high requirements on water quality, and the above-mentioned high-temperature wastewater has complex water quality components, it is very easy to cause pollution, corrosion or even blockage to the generator. Therefore, this The high-temperature wastewater cannot be directly used as the driving heat source of the lithium bromide absorption unit. If suitable intermediate heat exchange equipment is used to transfer its heat energy to clean medium water and then enter the lithium bromide unit, not only the process flow is complicated, the space is occupied, the investment cost is high, and there will be heat transfer loss.

The boiling point of water will decrease with the decrease of the environmental pressure. For example, if a negative pressure environment is artificially created, the above-mentioned high-temperature waste water will be flashed, and the clean steam will be directly transported to the generator for heat release, so that the above-mentioned high-temperature waste water can be directly used as The driving heat source of the lithium bromide refrigeration unit.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides a lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration integrated machine for high temperature wastewater. and several connecting pipelines; among them: the upper part of the upper cylinder is the condenser, the lower part is the generator, the upper part of the lower cylinder is the evaporator, and the lower part is the absorber; the lithium bromide dilute solution is heated by the driving heat source in the generator, and some refrigerants After the water is vaporized, the concentration of the solution increases, the concentrated lithium bromide solution enters the absorber downward, and the water vapor of the refrigerant enters the condenser upward; It expands and vaporizes, absorbs the heat of the chilled water in the evaporator, and the refrigerant water vapor generated by the vaporization enters the absorber downward, and is absorbed by the lithium bromide concentrated solution in the absorber. ; Another circulating pump is used for the circulating spray of refrigerant water in the evaporator; the cooling water from the cooling tower enters the absorber to absorb heat, then enters the condenser to absorb heat, and finally returns to the cooling tower to release heat; the chilled water returned from the air-conditioning user After entering the evaporator, after exothermic cooling, the low-temperature chilled water is sent to the air-conditioning user; one side of the heat exchanger is the high-temperature concentrated solution flowing out of the generator, and the other side is the low-temperature dilute solution flowing out of the absorber, and the two exchange heat. It is characterized in that: the driving heat source is a high-temperature waste water flasher, and the high-temperature waste water flasher flashes part of the high-temperature waste water into steam, which is used as the driving heat source of the high-temperature waste water lithium bromide absorption refrigeration integrated machine.

The high-temperature waste water flasher is in the shape of an upright tank container, which is composed of upper and lower heads and an upright cylinder in the middle. The drainage pump is equipped with a conical spout on a horizontal water spray plate close to the upper head inside the upright cylinder, which adopts a larger outlet aperture. The waste water is flashed into steam, which enters the heat transfer pipe in the generator through the steam inlet pipe to condense and release heat, which is used to heat the dilute lithium bromide solution in the generator to generate refrigerant water vapor, and the condensed water generated in the heat transfer pipe and The non-condensable gas enters the steam-water separator through the drain pipe, and the non-condensable gas generated by the separation is discharged through the vacuum pump.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of high temperature wastewater lithium bromide absorption refrigeration integrated machine embodiment internal structure diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a general outline view of an embodiment of a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration integrated machine for high temperature wastewater according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Figure 1 shows the internal structure diagram of an embodiment of a high temperature wastewater lithium bromide absorption refrigeration integrated machine of the present invention.

The internal structure of an embodiment of a high-temperature wastewater lithium bromide absorption refrigeration integrated machine of the present invention is as follows:

A high temperature wastewater lithium bromide absorption refrigeration integrated machine is mainly composed of a generator 50, a condenser 40, an evaporator 60, an absorber 70, a heat exchanger 30, several pumps and a driving heat source, that is, a high temperature wastewater flasher 80.

When the lithium bromide aqueous solution is heated by the driving heat source, that is, the flash steam of the high-temperature waste water flasher in the generator 50, the refrigerant water in the solution is vaporized; It enters the absorber 70 downward; the refrigerant water vapor enters the condenser 40 upward, and is cooled by the cooling water in the condenser 40 and then condensed to become high-pressure low-temperature refrigerant water; the low-temperature refrigerant water in the condenser enters the evaporation downward through the throttle valve The evaporator 60 rapidly expands and vaporizes, and absorbs a large amount of heat from the frozen water in the evaporator 60 during the vaporization process, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling and cooling; then, the low-temperature refrigerant water vapor generated by the vaporization enters the absorber 70 downward and is absorbed The lithium bromide aqueous solution in the generator 70 is absorbed, the concentration of the solution is reduced, and is sent back to the generator by the circulating pump 73 to complete the whole cycle. In addition, the circulating pump 63 is used for circulating and spraying the refrigerant water in the evaporator, thereby enhancing evaporation.

The cooling water first enters the absorber 70 through the cooling water inlet 71 to absorb heat, then enters the condenser 40 to absorb heat, and finally sends the cooling water from the cooling water outlet 41 to the cooling tower. The chilled water enters the evaporator 60 from the chilled water inlet 61, and after exothermic cooling, the low-temperature chilled water is sent to the air conditioner user from the chilled water outlet 62. This cycle is endless, continuous cooling.

Since the dilute solution of lithium bromide has been cooled in the absorber 70 and the temperature is relatively low, in order to save the heat of heating the dilute solution and improve the thermal efficiency of the whole device, a heat exchanger 30 is added to the system, so that the high temperature concentrated solution flowing out of the generator 50 The solution exchanges heat with the low-temperature dilute solution flowing out of the absorber 70, increasing the temperature of the dilute solution entering the generator.

The lithium bromide aqueous solution is heated in the generator 50 by the driving heat source, that is, the flash steam of the high-temperature waste water flasher, so that the refrigerant water in the solution is continuously vaporized. The high-temperature waste water flash steam is the driving heat source of an embodiment of the high-temperature waste water lithium bromide absorption refrigeration integrated machine of the present invention, which is the high-temperature waste water flasher 80, and the vacuum environment is maintained by a vacuum pump, so that the high-temperature waste water that enters the high-temperature waste water part is produced by flash evaporation. , the flash steam enters the heat transfer pipe in the generator 50 through the steam inlet pipe 51 to condense and release heat, and is used to heat the solution in the generator 50 to generate refrigerant water vapor. The condensed water generated in the heat transfer pipe is discharged through the drain pipe 52 .

FIG. 2 shows an overall outline view of an embodiment of a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration integrated machine for high temperature wastewater according to the present invention.

This figure shows the overall shape and auxiliary facilities of an embodiment of a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration integrated machine for high-temperature wastewater of the present invention.

in,

The overall shape of the embodiment includes: a frame 5, an upper cylinder 10, a lower cylinder 20, a heat exchanger 30, a driving heat source, that is, a high-temperature wastewater flasher 80; the frame 5 connects the upper cylinder 10, the lower cylinder 20, the heat exchange The boiler 30 is combined with the drive heat source, the high temperature waste water flasher 80 .

Ancillary facilities include: cooling tower 90 and air conditioning unit 100 .

In the upper cylinder 10, a condenser 40 is arranged horizontally at the upper part, and a generator 50 is arranged at the lower part; in the lower cylinder 20, an evaporator 60 is arranged horizontally at the upper part, and an absorber 70 is arranged at the lower part.

On the right side of the frame 5, a heat exchanger 30 is set up in the middle of the right side of the upper and lower cylinders.

The high-temperature waste water flasher 80 erected on the left side of the frame 5 is in the shape of an upright tank container, which is composed of upper and lower heads and an upright cylinder in the middle. A water inlet pipe 81 for high temperature waste water is connected to the top of the upper head, and a drain pipe 82 and a drain pump 83 are connected to the bottom of the lower head. A conical spout 84 is arranged on a horizontal water spray plate close to the upper head inside the upright cylinder, which adopts a larger outlet aperture, and the high-temperature waste water enters the tank after passing through the conical spout.

The high-temperature waste water flowing into the flasher cylinder from the high-temperature waste water inlet pipe 81 of the upper head, after passing through the conical nozzle 84, a part of the high-temperature waste water flashes into steam, and enters the heat transfer tube in the generator 50 through the steam inlet pipe 51 Condensation and exothermic heat are used to heat the dilute lithium bromide solution in the generator 50 to generate refrigerant water vapor. The condensed water and non-condensable gas generated in the heat transfer pipe enter the steam-water separator 53 through the drain pipe, and the non-condensable gas generated by the separation is discharged through the vacuum pump 54. The high temperature wastewater is discharged together through the drain pump 83 .

The cooling water generated by the cooling tower 90 first passes through the cooling water inlet 71, enters the absorber in the lower cylinder 20 to absorb heat, then enters the condenser 40 of the upper cylinder 10 to absorb heat, and finally returns from the cooling water outlet 41 for cooling tower.

The chilled water flowing out of the air conditioning unit 100 enters the evaporator 60 in the lower cylinder 20 from the chilled water inlet 61, and after heat release, the low temperature chilled water returns to the air conditioning unit 100 from the chilled water outlet 62 to provide cooling to users. In this way, the cycle is continuous, and the cooling capacity is continuously produced.

Claims (2)

1. A high temperature wastewater lithium bromide absorption refrigeration integrated machine, its overall structure includes: upper and lower two horizontal cylinders closed at both ends, a heat exchanger on the left, a driving heat source on the right, two circulating pumps and several Connecting pipelines; among them: the upper part of the upper cylinder is the condenser, the lower part is the generator, the upper part of the lower cylinder is the evaporator, and the lower part is the absorber; the dilute lithium bromide solution is heated by the driving heat source in the generator, and part of the refrigerant water is vaporized After the concentration of the solution increases, the concentrated lithium bromide solution enters the absorber downward, and the water vapor of the refrigerant enters the condenser upward; after the water vapor of the refrigerant is cooled and condensed by the cooling water in the condenser, it enters the evaporator downward through the throttle valve, Expanding and vaporizing, absorbing the heat of the chilled water in the evaporator, the refrigerant water vapor generated by the vaporization enters the absorber downward, and is absorbed by the lithium bromide concentrated solution in the absorber, the concentration of the solution decreases, and then is sent back to the generator by the circulating pump; A circulating pump is used to circulate and spray the refrigerant water in the evaporator; the cooling water from the cooling tower enters the absorber to absorb heat, then enters the condenser to absorb heat, and finally returns to the cooling tower to release heat; the chilled water returned from the air conditioner user enters the evaporation After exothermic cooling, the low-temperature chilled water is sent to the air-conditioning user; one side of the heat exchanger is the high-temperature concentrated solution flowing out of the generator, and the other side is the low-temperature dilute solution flowing out of the absorber, and the two exchange heat; It is characterized in that: the driving heat source is a high-temperature waste water flasher. 2. according to a kind of high temperature waste water lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration integrated machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described high temperature waste water flasher, its shape is an upright tank container, it consists of upper and lower heads and middle upright The top of the upper head is connected with a high-temperature waste water inlet pipe, and the bottom of the lower head is connected with a drain pipe and a drainage pump. On a horizontal watering plate close to the upper head inside the upright cylinder, there is a conical The nozzle adopts a larger outlet aperture. The high-temperature wastewater enters the tank after passing through the conical nozzle, and a part of the high-temperature wastewater flashes into steam, which enters the generator through the steam inlet pipe.

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