CN111299575A - A conformal adjustment substrate for laser selective melting and forming of large-sized thin-walled structural parts - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a follow-up adjustment base plate of laser election district melting shaping jumbo size thin-walled structure, the base plate divides multisection activity base plate, and from the diameter of base plate crescent to the base plate of last section can be nested on adjacent next section base plate, and the thickness of each section of base plate is unanimous, and the base plate is placed in the inside of big breadth thin-walled structure.

Description

A conformal adjustment substrate for laser selective melting and forming of large-sized thin-walled structural parts

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of laser selective melting and forming, and relates to a shape-compliant adjustment substrate of a large-sized thin-walled structural member.

Background technique

Curved thin-walled structural parts are important components of aerospace products, the small end is 200mm, the big end is 1200mm, and the shaft height is 1000mm. The spiral components are densely arranged, with thin walls and variable sections. The width of the test piece is 5.0mm, and the average width of the weld is 3.2mm. The weld area accounts for more than 60% of the surface area of the product, and the welding deformation is large. The current welding method is used to realize the test piece. Production is difficult.

Additive manufacturing provides a new high-efficiency, high-quality, and overall optimized manufacturing process solution for structural parts manufacturing. At present, in the field of laser selective melting and forming, a large number of products have been additively manufactured at home and abroad, all of which use inactive substrates, and the substrates are fixed in the forming cavity with screws. During the entire forming process, the substrates are always fixed. support to the specimen. The scraper lays the powder material of the powder feeding cylinder on the base plate, and the laser manufactures the metal material on the base plate.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is a conformal adjustment substrate of a large-sized thin-walled structural member.

A conformal adjustment substrate used for laser selective melting and forming of large-sized thin-walled structural parts, the substrate is divided into multi-section movable substrates, the diameter of the substrate gradually increases from top to bottom, and the substrate of the previous section can be nested in On the adjacent next section of the substrate, the thickness of each section of the substrate is the same, and the substrate is placed inside the large-format thin-walled structural member.

The substrate material is selected according to the material of the large-format thin-walled structural member, and it is required that the thermal physical parameters of the substrate material and the structural member material be matched.

The outer diameter of the outermost ring of the circular substrate is the outer diameter of the bottom end of the thin-walled structural member plus 40 to 60 mm, and the outer diameter of the i-th movable substrate is the inner diameter of the thin-walled structural member here minus 5 to 10 mm. The thickness of Δh=H/n, n is the number of segments of the movable substrate, and H is the height of the large-format thin-walled structure.

The outermost ring of the layered adjustment substrate is fixed on the forming cylinder, and the first thin-walled structural parts are prepared by laser selective melting and forming. When the forming height reaches Δh, the first to n movable substrates are raised by Δh, and then continue to be formed. Section 2 thin-walled structural parts, and then continue to form the third section of thin-walled structural parts; repeat the above steps, when the forming height reaches H, the nth movable base plate is raised by the height of Δh, and the forming ends at the same time.

The conformal adjustment substrate using large-sized thin-walled structural parts can achieve good forming quality, and has the following advantages: solving the problem of excessive redundant metal powder in the forming cylinder of large-sized thin-walled structural parts, high cost, and easy to cause powder pollution, etc. Problem, the powder utilization rate reaches 80%.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a large-format thin-walled structure.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a layered adjustment circular substrate.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working process of the layered adjustment substrate.

Detailed ways

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1-3, taking a large-format high-temperature alloy thin-walled structure as an example, the outer diameter of _{the top} end D is 262mm, the inner diameter D _is 250mm, the outer diameter of the _bottom end is D: 1158mm, and the inner diameter D _{is the bottom. Inner end} : 1146mm, structure height H: 1000mm.

(1) Selection of substrate material: the large-format thin-walled structural parts are high-temperature alloy materials, and the material for the substrate is 45# steel;

(2) Determination of substrate size: the number n of movable substrate segments is taken as 20, the thickness of each movable substrate Δh=H/n=1000mm/20=50mm, the outer diameter of the bottom end of the large-format superalloy thin-walled structure is determined by The outer diameter of the outermost ring of the circular base plate is determined from the _{bottom end of} D ₀ =D _{bottom end} +40mm=1158mm+40mm=1198mm, the outer diameter of the movable base plate of Sections 1 to 20 is in accordance with the formula d _i =D _i -6mm for calculation, see the following table for details:

(3) The working process of the layered adjustment substrate: fix the outermost ring of the layered adjustment substrate on the forming cylinder, and prepare the first thin-walled structural parts by laser selective melting and forming. When the forming height reaches 50mm, the first to 20th The movable base plate is raised by 50mm, and then continues to form the second thin-walled structure; when the forming height reaches 2×50mm=100mm, the second to 20th movable base plate is raised again by 50mm, and then continues to form the third thin-walled structure. Repeat the above steps, when the forming height reaches 1000mm, the movable base plate of Section 20 is raised to a height of 50mm, and the forming is completed.

Example 2

Example 2: Take a large-format titanium alloy thin-walled structure as an example, the outer diameter D of the top end: 314mm, the inner diameter D of the top end: 300mm, the outer diameter of the bottom end D: the outer end of the bottom end: 1448mm, and the inner diameter D of the bottom end: 1434mm , Height H of structural parts: 1200mm.

(1) Selection of substrate material: the large-format thin-walled structural parts are made of titanium alloy material, and the material of the substrate selected is the same grade of titanium alloy;

(2) Determination of the size of the substrate: the number n of the sub-sections of the movable substrate is taken as 30, the thickness of each movable substrate Δh=H/n=1200mm/30=40mm, the outer diameter of the bottom end of the large-format titanium alloy thin-walled structure is determined by The outer diameter of the outermost ring of the circular base plate is determined from the bottom of D d0 = D bottom end +40mm = 1448mm +40mm = 1488mm, the outer diameter of the movable base plate in Sections 1 to 30 is in accordance with the formula d _i = D _{i in} - 7mm for calculation, see the following table for details:

(3) The working process of the layered adjustment substrate: fix the outermost ring of the layered adjustment substrate on the forming cylinder, and prepare the first section of thin-walled structural parts by laser selective melting and forming. When the forming height reaches 40mm, the first to 30th The movable base plate is raised by 50mm, and then continues to form the second thin-walled structure; when the forming height reaches 2×40mm=80mm, the second to 20th movable base plates are raised again by 40mm, and then continue to form the third thin-walled structure. Repeat the above steps, when the forming height reaches 1200mm, the movable base plate of Section 30 is raised to a height of 40mm, and the forming is completed.

Claims (4)

1. The shape-following adjusting substrate for the large-size thin-wall structural member formed by selective laser melting is characterized in that the substrate is a multi-section nested movable substrate, the diameter of the substrate is gradually reduced from bottom to top, the substrate in the previous section can be nested on the substrate in the next adjacent section, the thickness of each section of substrate is consistent, and the substrate is placed in the large-size thin-wall structural member.

2. The substrate of claim 1, wherein the substrate material is selected according to the material of the large-format thin-walled structure, and the substrate material is required to be a material having good compatibility with the material of the structure.

3. The substrate according to claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the bottom end of the outer diameter thin-walled structure of the outermost ring of the circular substrate is added with 40-60 mm, the outer diameter of the i-th section of the movable substrate is subtracted from the inner diameter of the thin-walled structure at the position, the thickness of each section of the movable substrate is Δ H ═ H/n, and n is the height of the large-width thin-walled structure, which is the number of sections of the movable substrate, H.

4. The use method of the substrate as claimed in claim 1, fixing the outermost ring of the layered adjustment substrate on a forming cylinder, preparing the 1 st section of thin-walled structural member by selective laser melting forming, when the forming height reaches Δ h, raising the 1 st to nth sections of movable substrates by Δ h, then continuing to form the 2 nd section of thin-walled structural member, and then continuing to form the 3 rd section of thin-walled structural member; and repeating the steps, when the forming height reaches H, raising the height of the nth section of movable substrate by delta H, and finishing forming.

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