CN111266816A - Machining process and forging equipment for forging inner gear ring - Google Patents
Machining process and forging equipment for forging inner gear ring Download PDFInfo
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- CN111266816A CN111266816A CN202010110624.4A CN202010110624A CN111266816A CN 111266816 A CN111266816 A CN 111266816A CN 202010110624 A CN202010110624 A CN 202010110624A CN 111266816 A CN111266816 A CN 111266816A
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010862 gear shaping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/10—Piercing billets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J9/00—Forging presses
- B21J9/02—Special design or construction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a processing technology for forging an inner gear ring, which comprises the following steps of first step blanking, second step heating, third step raw material forging, fourth step ring grinding, fifth step oxide skin removing, sixth step ring body annealing, seventh step trimming, finishing and shaping, eighth step quenching and tempering, and ninth step gear shaping. The invention has the effects of conveniently realizing forging and pressing of a thicker workpiece with larger size and conveniently forming an inner hole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of processing of inner gear rings, in particular to a processing technology and a forging device for forging an inner gear ring.
Background
The inner gear ring is a gear with teeth on an inner circle, is usually used in an inner gear mechanism, is a key component used for conveying a transmission function in a transmission system, is mainly applied to planetary gear transmission, and is an inner gear with the same axis as a planet carrier. The usage amount of the inner gear ring is very large, and the inner gear is usually formed by gear shaping, gear pushing and gear broaching.
The existing Chinese patent with reference to the granted publication number CN101659002B discloses a thin-wall ring gear machining method, which comprises the following steps: forging, rough turning, quenching and tempering, semi-finish turning, finish turning and gear shaping, wherein the finish turning is as follows: taking the end surface of the thin-wall inner gear ring after semi-finish turning as a stress surface, applying axial force to fix the thin-wall inner gear ring on a horizontal lathe workbench, and then turning the inner wall and the outer wall of the thin-wall inner gear ring; the gear shaping is as follows: and (3) simultaneously positioning the end surface and the outer wall of the thin-wall annular gear after finish turning by using a clamp, and then performing gear shaping processing on the inner wall of the thin-wall annular gear. The thin-wall annular gear machining method can enable the machined thin-wall annular gear to be small in deformation, high in precision and high in efficiency.
In the processing method of the inner gear ring, when the inner gear ring is forged, the die forging is generally directly adopted, but when the gear ring with larger thickness and larger inner hole size is processed, the die forging and the die forging forming difficulty is high, and the forming of the inner hole is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a forging processing technology of an inner gear ring, which has the effects of conveniently realizing forging and pressing of a workpiece with larger size and thicker and conveniently forming an inner hole; the invention also aims to provide forging equipment for the inner gear ring, which has the effects of conveniently realizing forging and pressing of a workpiece with larger size and thicker thickness and conveniently forming an inner hole.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a processing technology for forging an inner gear ring comprises the following steps:
step one, blanking, namely selecting raw material columns of corresponding materials according to the requirements of products, and sawing the raw materials into columnar raw materials with proper lengths;
heating, namely placing the columnar raw material into a heating furnace for heating;
step three, forging the raw materials, namely heating the columnar raw materials, keeping the temperature of the columnar raw materials, continuously forging the columnar raw materials until the columnar raw materials are annular raw materials,
the forging process mainly comprises the following steps of,
1. upsetting, continuously taking out the heated columnar raw material for rough forging to reduce the height of the columnar raw material and increase the cross-sectional area until a cake-shaped raw material is formed;
2. punching, namely punching the center position of the cake-shaped raw material subjected to upsetting to form a through hole in the middle of the cake-shaped raw material;
3. trimming the excircle, continuously forging and pressing the punched cake-shaped raw material to thin the raw material, eliminating the drum shape of the excircle of the workpiece, and forming a circular ring blank;
step four, ring rolling, namely heating the ring blank, then placing the ring blank on a ring rolling machine to roll the ring, and forming the ring blank into a raw material ring with proper wall thickness and inner hole diameter;
removing oxide scales, namely removing the oxide scales on the surface of the raw material ring to form a ring body;
step six, annealing the ring body, namely heating the ring body again and carrying out annealing treatment;
step seven, trimming and shaping, namely further turning and shaping the ring body after the annealing treatment into the size of a product;
step eight, quenching and tempering, namely modulating the ring body shaped in the step six;
and step nine, gear shaping, namely positioning the outer side of the ring body after modulation treatment in the step six, then carrying out gear shaping processing on the inner side wall of the ring body, and finishing processing of the gear ring after gear shaping.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when forging and pressing, at first with the work piece forging and pressing be the annular stock and carry out ring rolling shaping to the annular stock through ring rolling machine again, on the one hand, solved the problem of thick stock forging and pressing shaping difficulty, on the other hand has also solved the problem of a large amount of side cuts after the forging and pressing, in addition, the ring rolling processing of adoption, it is little to be closer finished product processing allowance behind the ring body processing, and the ring piece internal organization is fine and close, the crystalline grain is tiny, comprehensive mechanical properties is high.
The second aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a forging device of an inner gear ring comprises a base and a vertical frame vertically fixedly connected to one side of the base, wherein a forging pressure plate capable of vertically moving downwards is arranged on the upper side of the vertical frame corresponding to the base, a square forging pressure head is arranged on the lower side of the forging pressure plate, two sides of the forging pressure plate are vertically connected with a support frame in a sliding mode, two opposite sides of the forging pressure head are respectively and fixedly connected with a rotating column rotatably connected to the support frame, four sides, far away from the rotating column, of the forging pressure head are processing surfaces, a rotating mechanism capable of driving the rotating column to rotate is fixedly connected to the support frame, a lifting mechanism capable of driving the support frame to move upwards to any processing surface of the forging pressure head and abut against the lower side of the forging pressure plate is further arranged on the forging pressure plate, one processing surface of the forging pressure head is a plane, punches with different diameters are arranged on the other processing surfaces of the forging pressure head, the middle part of the base is also vertically provided with a groove, and a top column which can move upwards to the upper end and is flush with the surface of the base is arranged in the groove.
By adopting the scheme, when in work, the heated columnar raw material can be arranged on the upper side of the base, the upper end of the top column in the middle of the base is raised to be flush with the upper side of the base, then the lifting mechanism drives the support frame to move downwards, the rotating mechanism drives the forging head to rotate until one side of the planar processing surface of the forging head is arranged downwards, then the forging head can be driven to move downwards continuously by the continuous downward movement of the forging head, thereby the rough forging of the columnar body is completed, the columnar body is forged into a cake-shaped raw material, when a through hole needs to be formed on the cake-shaped raw material, the top column directly moves downwards to form a groove on the lower side of the base corresponding to the cake-shaped raw material, then the lifting mechanism drives the support frame to descend, the rotating mechanism drives the forging head to rotate until a punch with the thinnest diameter on the processing surface is arranged downwards, and the lifting mechanism drives the support frame to ascend to the upper side of the forging, then through forging and pressing dish downstream, drive forging head downstream to punch a hole to pie former material, set up out the through-hole until the middle part of pie former material, then, upset pie work piece, to the pie work piece because of punching a hole convex one side carry out the punching press once more, make pie former material both sides keep the level, then, repeat above-mentioned step, rotate forging head in proper order, punch the reaming once more to the through-hole of pie former material through two great drifts of diameter on two other machined surfaces, and continuously thin, can form the ring stock gradually.
The invention is further configured to: the base is further provided with an annular groove coaxial with the groove, and an annular check ring which moves upwards and can protrude out of the surface of the base is arranged in the annular groove.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the forging of work piece, the ring retaining ring that directly rises to can restrict the work piece, avoid the work piece to remove the scope of forging the pressure head when forging, and when ring stock forging and pressing plastic, can restrict the global of ring stock through the ring retaining ring, thereby be convenient for guarantee the shaping of ring stock, after forging completely, the ring retaining ring descends, makes the work piece break away from with the ring retaining ring, thereby the work piece that takes out that can be convenient.
The invention is further configured to: the utility model discloses a telescopic handle of extension jar, including base, supporting seat, movable seat, axis, telescopic link orientation, the both sides of base still equal rigid coupling have the supporting seat, be provided with the movable seat that can the upward movement on the supporting seat, one side that the movable seat is close to each other is the rigid coupling respectively has the axis to be in same sharp extension jar, the telescopic link orientation of extending the jar is close to one end each other and all rotates and be.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, in operation, when the position of work piece is adjusted to needs, can take the telescopic link trend to extend the direction that is close to each other through two extension jars, then press from both sides the position of adjusting the work piece through two location, when the work piece is overturned to needs, press from both sides the location of the telescopic link tip of extending the jar through two and cooperate behind the tight work piece of clamp, can rise through the sliding seat, it rises to drive the work piece, and simultaneously, press from both sides through two locations and rotate, thereby realize the upset of work piece, rethread sliding seat descends to pressing from both sides the work piece and arranges the base upside in through the location, can accomplish the upset of work piece and place, continue.
The invention is further configured to: the utility model discloses a telescopic positioning device, including the telescopic rod, the telescopic rod is connected to the support column, the positioning clamp includes that one end rotates to be connected in the support column of extending jar telescopic link, the one end rigid coupling that the telescopic cylinder was kept away from to the support column has the traveller of perpendicular to telescopic cylinder axis position, the both ends of support frame still all are provided with the middle part and slide along traveller axis direction and connect in the splint of traveller, it has the parallel two-way telescopic cylinder with crossbearer length direction of axis direction to go back the rigid coupling on the support column, the.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, during the use, two-way telescoping cylinder drives two telescopic link shrink and can drive two splint and tend to the direction motion of being close to each other along the traveller and press from both sides tight work piece, and two-way telescoping cylinder drives two telescopic link extensions and can drive two splint and tend to the direction motion of keeping away from each other along the traveller and loosen the work piece.
The invention is further configured to: the one end rigid coupling that the support column is close to the extension jar has a rotating gear, the telescopic link one side of extending the jar still rigid coupling has servo motor, servo motor's output shaft rigid coupling has the drive gear that meshes in rotating gear.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, during operation, servo motor drives drive gear and rotates and can drive the rotating gear to can drive the support column and rotate, and then realize the rotation of location clamp, the convenient rotation of accomplishing the work piece.
The invention is further configured to: the lifting mechanism comprises lifting screw rods which are respectively rotatably connected to two sides of the forging disc and are vertically arranged, and the lower ends of the lifting screw rods are in threaded connection with the supporting frame.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the during operation can drive the support frame through two lifting screw rotations and descend or rise to can accomplish the forging and pressing of work piece.
The invention is further configured to: the upper end of the lifting screw is further fixedly connected with a first worm wheel, the upper side of the forging pressure plate is further rotatably connected with a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with a first worm wheel corresponding to the first worm wheel.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, rotate the transmission shaft and can drive a worm and rotate to can drive two worm wheel rotations, and then drive two lifting screw synchronous rotations, realize the lift of two support frames.
The invention is further configured to: the rotating mechanism comprises a second worm wheel fixedly connected to the end of the rotating column, and a second worm capable of meshing with the second worm wheel is rotatably connected to one side of the support frame corresponding to the second worm wheel.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, rotate the second worm and can drive the second worm wheel and rotate to can drive and rotate the post rotation, and then realize the rotation of forging and pressing head.
In conclusion, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. when forging, firstly forging the workpiece into a circular blank, and then performing ring rolling molding on the circular blank through a ring rolling machine, so that on one hand, the problem of difficulty in forging molding of the thick blank is solved, on the other hand, the problem of large amount of edge cutting after forging is also solved, in addition, by adopting the ring rolling processing, the processing allowance of the ring body which is closer to a finished product after processing is small, the internal structure of the ring piece is compact, the crystal grains are fine, and the comprehensive mechanical property is high;
2. when the device works, heated columnar raw materials can be placed on the upper side of a base, the upper end of an ejection column in the middle of the base is lifted to be flush with the upper side of the base, then a lifting mechanism drives a support frame to move downwards, a rotating mechanism drives a forging head to rotate to one side of the planar processing surface of the forging head to be arranged downwards, then a forging head can be driven to move downwards continuously by the continuous downward movement of the forging head, so that the rough forging of a columnar body is completed, the columnar body is pressed and forged into a cake-shaped raw material, when a through hole needs to be formed in the cake-shaped raw material, the ejection column directly moves downwards through the ejection column, a groove is formed on the lower side of the base corresponding to the cake-shaped raw material, then the support frame is driven to descend through the lifting mechanism again, the forging head is driven to rotate to a punch with the thinnest diameter on the processing surface to be arranged downwards through the rotating mechanism, the support, then, the forging and pressing head is driven to move downwards through the downward movement of the forging and pressing disc, so that the cake-shaped raw material is punched until a through hole is formed in the middle of the cake-shaped raw material, then the cake-shaped workpiece is turned over, one side, protruding due to punching, of the cake-shaped workpiece is punched again, the two sides of the cake-shaped raw material are kept horizontal, then the steps are repeated, the forging and pressing head is sequentially rotated, the through hole of the cake-shaped raw material is punched and reamed again through the two punches with larger diameters on the other two machining surfaces, and thinning is continuously performed, so that the ring blank can be gradually formed;
3. when the forging of work piece, the ring retaining ring directly rises to can restrict the work piece, avoid the work piece to remove the scope of forging the pressure head when forging, and when the ring stock forging and pressing plastic, can restrict the global of ring stock through the ring retaining ring, thereby be convenient for guarantee the shaping of ring stock, after forging completely, the ring retaining ring descends, makes the work piece break away from with the ring retaining ring, thereby can be convenient take out the work piece.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the forging head configuration of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the base structure of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a supporting seat structure of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the three structures of the lift cylinder of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a base; 11. a groove; 12. a top pillar; 13. lifting a cylinder I; 14. an annular groove; 141. a ring retainer ring; 142. a second lifting cylinder; 2. erecting a frame; 3. forging and pressing the disc; 31. a support frame; 32. an accommodation hole; 33. a lifting screw; 34. a first worm wheel; 35. a drive shaft; 36. a first worm; 4. forging and pressing head; 41. rotating the column; 42. a second worm gear; 43. a second worm; 5. a supporting seat; 51. a movable seat; 52. a third lifting cylinder; 53. an extension cylinder; 531. a drive gear; 54. positioning clips; 541. a support pillar; 542. a traveler; 543. a splint; 544. a bidirectional telescopic cylinder; 545. the gear is rotated.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows: the invention discloses a processing technology for forging an inner gear ring, which comprises the following steps:
step one, blanking, namely selecting raw material columns of corresponding materials according to the requirements of products, and sawing the raw materials into columnar raw materials with proper lengths;
heating, namely placing the columnar raw material into a heating furnace for heating;
step three, forging the raw materials, namely heating the columnar raw materials, keeping the temperature of the columnar raw materials, continuously forging the columnar raw materials until the columnar raw materials are annular raw materials,
the forging process mainly comprises the following steps of,
1. upsetting, continuously taking out the heated columnar raw material for rough forging to reduce the height of the columnar raw material and increase the cross-sectional area until a cake-shaped raw material is formed;
2. punching, namely punching the center position of the cake-shaped raw material subjected to upsetting to form a through hole in the middle of the cake-shaped raw material;
3. trimming the excircle, continuously forging and pressing the punched cake-shaped raw material to thin the raw material, eliminating the drum shape of the excircle of the workpiece, and forming a circular ring blank;
step four, ring rolling, namely heating the ring blank, then placing the ring blank on a ring rolling machine to roll the ring, and forming the ring blank into a raw material ring with proper wall thickness and inner hole diameter;
removing oxide scales, namely removing the oxide scales on the surface of the raw material ring to form a ring body;
step six, annealing the ring body, reheating the ring body and carrying out annealing treatment;
step seven, trimming and shaping, namely further turning and shaping the ring body after the annealing treatment into the size of a product;
step eight, quenching and tempering, namely modulating the ring body shaped in the step six;
and step nine, gear shaping, namely positioning the outer side of the ring body after modulation treatment in the step six, then carrying out gear shaping processing on the inner side wall of the ring body, and finishing processing of the gear ring after gear shaping.
The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: when forging and pressing, firstly, the workpiece is forged and pressed into a circular blank, and then the circular blank is subjected to ring rolling forming through a ring rolling machine, so that on one hand, the problem of difficulty in forging and forming the thick blank is solved, on the other hand, the problem of large amount of edge cutting after forging and pressing is also solved, in addition, the adopted ring rolling processing is small, the ring body processing is closer to the finished product processing allowance, the internal structure of the ring piece is compact, the crystal grains are fine, and the comprehensive mechanical property is high.
Example two: referring to fig. 1, a forging equipment of ring gear, including base 1 and vertical rigid coupling in the grudging post 2 of base 1 one side, the vertical upside that corresponds base 1 of grudging post 2 slides and is connected with forging pressure plate 3, still is provided with the actuating mechanism (here is prior art, no longer gives details) that can drive forging pressure plate 3 downstream on the grudging post 2, and the during operation, actuating mechanism mobilizes forging pressure plate 3 downstream and can forge and press the work piece of base 1 upside.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the downside of forging and pressing dish 3 is provided with the forging and pressing head 4 of square form, the both sides of forging and pressing dish 3 are all vertically slided and are connected with support frame 31, the relative both sides of forging and pressing head 4 rigid coupling respectively have the rotation and connect in the rotation post 41 of support frame 31, four sides that the forging and pressing head 4 kept away from rotation post 41 are the machined surface, a machined surface of forging and pressing head 4 is the plane, and all the other each machined surfaces of forging and pressing head 4 all are provided with the drift that the diameter is different, still be provided with on the forging and pressing dish 3 and drive support frame 31 upward movement to any machined surface of forging and pressing head 4 can butt in the elevating system of forging and pressing dish 3 downside, the accommodation hole 32 that can insert each drift is seted up at the middle part of forging and pressing dish 3, elevating system is including rotating respectively connecting in the. The upper end of the lifting screw 33 is fixedly connected with a first worm wheel 34, the upper side of the forging disc 3 is rotatably connected with a transmission shaft 35, the positions of the transmission shaft 35 corresponding to the first worm wheels 34 are fixedly connected with a first worm 36, and one end of the forging disc 3 corresponding to the transmission shaft 35 is fixedly connected with a servo motor capable of driving the rotation shaft to rotate.
A rotating mechanism capable of driving the rotating column 41 to rotate is fixedly connected to a support frame 31, the rotating mechanism comprises a second worm wheel 42 fixedly connected to the end portion of the rotating column 41, a second worm 43 capable of being meshed with the second worm wheel 42 is further rotatably connected to one side of the support frame 31 corresponding to the second worm wheel 42, and a servo motor capable of driving the second worm 43 to rotate is further fixedly connected to one end of the support frame 31 corresponding to the second worm 43. When the device works, heated columnar raw materials can be placed on the upper side of the base 1, then the lifting mechanism drives the support frame 31 to move downwards, the rotating mechanism drives the forging head 4 to rotate until one side of the planar processing surface of the forging head 4 is arranged downwards, then the forging head 4 can be driven to move downwards continuously by the continuous downward movement of the forging head 3, thereby the rough forging of the columnar body is completed, the columnar body is forged into a cake-shaped raw material, when a through hole needs to be formed on the cake-shaped raw material, the lifting mechanism drives the support frame 31 to descend again, the rotating mechanism drives the forging head 4 to rotate until a punch with the thinnest diameter on the processing surface is arranged downwards, the lifting mechanism drives the support frame 31 to rise until the upper side of the forging head 4 is abutted against the forging head 3 again, then the forging head 4 is driven to move downwards by the downward movement of the forging head 3, thereby the cake-shaped raw material is punched, and (3) forming a through hole until the middle part of the cake-shaped raw material, then overturning the cake-shaped workpiece, punching the convex side of the cake-shaped workpiece due to punching again to keep the two sides of the cake-shaped raw material horizontal, then repeating the steps, sequentially rotating the forging and pressing head 4, punching and reaming the through hole of the cake-shaped raw material again through two punches with larger diameters on the other two processing surfaces, and continuously thinning, thus gradually forming the ring blank.
Referring to fig. 3, the middle part of the base 1 is vertically provided with a groove 11, the groove 11 is internally provided with a top pillar 12 in a vertical sliding manner, the groove 11 is internally provided with a lifting cylinder 13 in a vertical fixed manner, a telescopic rod of the lifting cylinder 13 is upwards arranged and fixedly connected to the lower side of the top pillar 12, the base 1 is further provided with an annular groove 14, the annular groove 14 and the groove 11 are coaxially arranged, and the annular groove 14 is internally provided with an annular retaining ring 141 in a vertical sliding manner, wherein the upward movement of the annular groove can protrude out of the surface of the base 1. A plurality of second lifting cylinders 142 are further fixedly connected to the lower side of the ring retainer 141, and the telescopic rods of the second lifting cylinders 142 are arranged upward and fixedly connected to the lower side of the ring retainer 141. When the lifting device works, the second lifting cylinder 142 drives the telescopic rod to extend upwards to drive the annular retainer ring 141 to extend upwards. When punching a hole to the work piece, can drive the telescopic link downwardly extending through lifting cylinder 13, fore-set 12 downstream, make the downside that base 1 corresponds the work piece form recess 11, thereby be convenient for the work piece towards the through-hole, in addition, when forging and pressing the work piece, upwards extend through lifting cylinder two 142 telescopic links and can directly rise ring retaining ring 141 protrusion in base 1 upside, thereby can restrict the work piece, avoid the work piece to remove out the scope of forging head 4 when forging, and when ring blank forging and pressing plastic, can restrict ring blank's global through ring retaining ring 141, thereby be convenient for guarantee the shaping of ring blank, after forging completely, ring retaining ring 141 descends, make work piece and ring retaining ring 141 break away from, thereby can be convenient take out the work piece.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the two sides of the base 1 are also all fixedly connected with a support base 5, the support base 5 is vertically slidably connected with a movable base 51, the support base 5 is also fixedly connected with a lifting cylinder III 52 which is vertically arranged, a telescopic rod of the lifting cylinder III 52 is upwards arranged and fixedly connected to the lower side of the movable base 51, one side of the two movable bases 51 which are close to each other is respectively fixedly connected with an extension cylinder 53 which is horizontally arranged along the axis, the telescopic rods of the two extension cylinders 53 tend to be close to each other, the axes of the two extension cylinders 53 are in the same straight line, and the end parts of the telescopic rods of the extension cylinders 53 are also provided with positioning. The positioning clamp 54 includes a supporting post 541 with one end rotatably connected to the telescopic rod of the extending cylinder 53, the supporting post 541 and the axis of the extending cylinder 53 are in the same straight line, one end of the supporting post 541 far from the extending cylinder is fixedly connected with a sliding post 542 perpendicular to the axis of the extending cylinder, both ends of the supporting frame 31 are provided with clamp plates 543 with middle portions slidably connected to the sliding post 542 along the axis direction of the sliding post 542, the supporting post 541 is further fixedly connected with a bidirectional extending cylinder 544 parallel to the axis direction and the length direction of the cross frame, the telescopic rods of the bidirectional extending cylinder 544 are fixedly connected to one end of the clamp plate 543, one end of the supporting post 541 close to the extending cylinder 53 is fixedly connected with a rotating gear 545, the telescopic rod of the extending cylinder 53 is further fixedly connected with a servo motor, and. When the position of the workpiece needs to be adjusted, the telescopic rods can be driven to extend in the direction approaching each other by the two extending cylinders 53, then the two positioning clamps 54 are mutually matched to push the workpiece to adjust the position of the workpiece, and when the workpiece needs to be turned over, the two telescopic rods are driven to contract by the two-way telescopic cylinder 544 to drive the two clamping plates 543 to move towards the direction close to each other to clamp the workpiece, after the positioning clamps 54 are matched with each other to clamp the workpiece, the lifting cylinder III 52 drives the movable seat 51 to ascend, the extension cylinder 53 drives the workpiece to ascend, meanwhile, the servo motor drives the driving gear 531 to rotate and can drive the rotating gear 545, so as to drive the supporting column 541 to rotate, and then the positioning clamp 54 is rotated, so that the workpiece is turned over, the movable seat 51 descends to the position where the workpiece is placed on the upper side of the base 1 through the positioning clamp 54, the workpiece can be turned over and placed, and the workpiece is continuously machined.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A machining process for forging an inner gear ring is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, blanking, namely selecting raw material columns of corresponding materials according to the requirements of products, and sawing the raw materials into columnar raw materials with proper lengths;
heating, namely placing the columnar raw material into a heating furnace for heating;
step three, forging the raw materials, namely heating the columnar raw materials, keeping the temperature of the columnar raw materials, continuously forging the columnar raw materials until the columnar raw materials are annular raw materials, wherein the forging mainly comprises the following steps,
1. upsetting, continuously taking out the heated columnar raw material for rough forging to reduce the height of the columnar raw material and increase the cross-sectional area until a cake-shaped raw material is formed;
2. punching, namely punching the center position of the cake-shaped raw material subjected to upsetting to form a through hole in the middle of the cake-shaped raw material;
3. trimming the excircle, continuously forging and pressing the punched cake-shaped raw material to thin the raw material, eliminating the drum shape of the excircle of the workpiece, and forming a circular ring blank;
step four, ring rolling, namely heating the ring blank, then placing the ring blank on a ring rolling machine to roll the ring, and forming the ring blank into a raw material ring with proper wall thickness and inner hole diameter;
removing oxide scales, namely removing the oxide scales on the surface of the raw material ring to form a ring body;
step six, annealing the ring body, namely heating the ring body again and carrying out annealing treatment;
step seven, trimming and shaping, namely further turning and shaping the ring body after the annealing treatment into the size of a product;
step eight, quenching and tempering, namely modulating the ring body shaped in the step six;
and step nine, gear shaping, namely positioning the outer side of the ring body after modulation treatment in the step six, then carrying out gear shaping processing on the inner side wall of the ring body, and finishing processing of the gear ring after gear shaping.
2. The forging equipment of the ring gear is characterized by comprising a base (1) and a vertical frame (2) vertically and fixedly connected to one side of the base (1), wherein a forging pressing plate (3) capable of vertically moving downwards is arranged on the vertical frame (2) corresponding to the upper side of the base (1), a square forging pressing head (4) is arranged on the lower side of the forging pressing plate (3), a support frame (31) is vertically connected to two sides of the forging pressing plate in a sliding mode, rotating columns (41) rotatably connected to the support frame (31) are respectively and fixedly connected to two opposite sides of the forging pressing head (4), four sides, far away from the rotating columns (41), of the forging pressing head (4) are processing surfaces, a rotating mechanism capable of driving the rotating columns (41) to rotate is fixedly connected to the support frame (31), a lifting mechanism capable of driving the support frame (31) to move upwards is further arranged on the forging pressing plate (3), any processing surface of the forging pressing head (4) can abut against the lower side of the forging pressing, one of forging and pressing head (4) the machined surface is the plane, and all the other each machined surfaces of forging and pressing head (4) all are provided with the drift that the diameter is different, the accommodation hole (32) that can insert each drift are seted up at the middle part of forging and pressing disc (3), the middle part of base (1) is still vertical to be seted up fluted (11), be provided with in recess (11) can the upward movement to the fore-set (12) of upper end and base (1) surface parallel and level.
3. The forging apparatus of an inner ring gear according to claim 2, wherein: the base (1) is further provided with an annular groove (14) coaxial with the groove (11), and an annular retainer ring (141) moving upwards and capable of protruding out of the surface of the base (1) is arranged in the annular groove (14).
4. The forging apparatus of an inner ring gear according to claim 2, wherein: the both sides of base (1) still equal rigid coupling have supporting seat (5), be provided with movable seat (51) that can the upward movement on supporting seat (5), one side that movable seat (51) are close to each other is the rigid coupling respectively has the axis to be in same sharp extension jar (53), the telescopic link orientation that extends jar (53) is close to one end each other and all rotates and be connected with positioning clamp (54).
5. The forging apparatus of an inner ring gear according to claim 4, wherein: the utility model discloses a fixing device, including the telescopic link, the telescopic link is connected in the support column (541) of extension jar (53) telescopic link, the one end rigid coupling that the telescopic link was kept away from in support column (541) has traveller (542) of perpendicular to telescopic link axis position, the both ends of support frame (31) still all are provided with middle part and slide splint (543) of connecting in traveller (542) along traveller (542) axis direction, it has parallel and horizontal frame length direction's two-way telescoping cylinder (544) to go back the rigid coupling on support column (541), the equal rigid coupling in splint (543) one end of telescopic link of two-way telescoping cylinder (544).
6. The forging apparatus of an inner gear ring as claimed in claim 5, wherein: one end of the supporting column (541) close to the extension cylinder (53) is fixedly connected with a rotating gear (545), one side of an expansion link of the extension cylinder (53) is also fixedly connected with a servo motor, and an output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected with a driving gear (531) meshed with the rotating gear (545).
7. The forging apparatus of an inner ring gear according to claim 2, wherein: elevating system rotates respectively to be connected in forging pressure dish (3) both sides and vertical lifting screw (33) that set up, lifting screw's (33) lower extreme threaded connection is in support frame (31).
8. The forging apparatus of an inner ring gear according to claim 7, wherein: the upper end of lifting screw (33) still all the rigid couplings have worm wheel one (34), forge pressure disk (3) upside and still rotate and be connected with transmission shaft (35), the equal rigid coupling in position that transmission shaft (35) corresponds two worm wheel one (34) has worm one (36).
9. The forging apparatus of an inner ring gear according to claim 2, wherein: the rotating mechanism comprises a second worm wheel (42) fixedly connected to the end part of the rotating column (41), and a second worm (43) capable of being meshed with the second worm wheel (42) is further rotatably connected to one side of the support frame (31) corresponding to the second worm wheel (42).
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| CN112893761A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2021-06-04 | 郎溪友良锻造铝合金轮毂股份有限公司 | One-step forging forming device and method for automobile hub |
| CN113231583A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-08-10 | 上海长特锻造有限公司 | Forging forming process of joint blank |
| CN114700452A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-07-05 | 江苏升源锻造有限公司 | Efficient forging method of flange |
| CN114850363A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-08-05 | 无锡神意环件法兰有限公司 | Auxiliary grinding ring positioning device for forge piece and using method |
| CN115608907A (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-01-17 | 山西天宝集团有限公司 | An automatic centering device and method based on hydraulic press for wind power flange forging |
| CN116159960A (en) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-05-26 | 江苏威鹰机械有限公司 | Gear forging device for gearbox with automatic material changing function |
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